CN116716936A - Quick change device and method for bulldozer blade and engineering machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a bulldozer blade quick-change device and method and engineering machinery. The bulldozer blade quick-change device comprises a quick-change support, a quick-change mechanism, a bulldozer blade and a bulldozer blade oil cylinder; the quick-change support is provided with a limit groove and a first hinge point hole; the quick-change mechanism is provided with a second hinge point hole, a third hinge point hole, a fourth hinge point hole and a fifth hinge point hole; the fourth hinge point hole is connected with the limit groove; the fifth reaming point hole is connected with the first reaming point hole; the bulldozer blade is provided with a sixth reaming point hole and a seventh reaming point hole; the sixth reaming point hole is connected with the second reaming point hole; the bulldozer blade cylinder is provided with an eighth reaming point hole and a ninth reaming point hole; the eighth hinge point hole is connected with the third hinge point hole; the ninth hinge point hole is connected with the seventh hinge point hole. The invention can reduce the installation quantity of the pin shafts when the bulldozer blade is rapidly installed, greatly reduce the hole alignment quantity and the hole alignment difficulty of the hinge point holes, and save the installation time.

Description

Quick change device and method for bulldozer blade and engineering machinery

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a bulldozer blade quick-change device and method and engineering machinery.

Background

At present, a bulldozer blade of a hydraulic excavator is connected with an excavator body through four hinge points by using a pin shaft. Wherein the two hinge points are the connection hinge points of the end head of the bulldozer and the lower frame of the excavator; the other two hinge points are the connection hinge points of the bulldozer oil cylinder and the lower frame of the excavator. In addition, there are two hinge joints between the bulldozer blade and the oil cylinder. Namely, when the existing bulldozer blade is disassembled and assembled, the bulldozer blade, the two oil cylinders and the six pin shafts are required to be disassembled and assembled. The existing bulldozer has the defects of large hole difficulty, difficult assembly and disassembly operations outdoors, the requirement of three persons to operate simultaneously, the requirement of traveling crane and other hoisting equipment, the installation time is longer than 40 minutes, and the installation of the bulldozer is difficult to realize when no precise hoisting mechanism and the number of persons are small.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a quick-change device and method for a bulldozer blade and engineering machinery, which reduce the installation quantity of pin shafts during quick installation of the bulldozer blade, greatly reduce the hole alignment difficulty of hinge point holes and save the installation time.

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a bulldozer blade quick-change device comprises a quick-change support, a quick-change mechanism, a bulldozer blade and a bulldozer blade oil cylinder;

the quick-change support is connected with the lower frame of the engineering machinery and is provided with a limit groove and a first hinge point hole;

the quick-change mechanism is provided with a second hinge point hole, a third hinge point hole, a fourth hinge point hole and a fifth hinge point hole; the fourth hinge point hole is connected with the limiting groove through a limiting shaft; the fifth hinge point hole is connected with the first hinge point hole through a second connecting piece;

the bulldozer blade is provided with a sixth reaming point hole and a seventh reaming point hole; the sixth reaming point hole is connected with the second reaming point hole through a third connecting piece;

an eighth reaming point hole and a ninth reaming point hole are formed in the bulldozer blade oil cylinder; the eighth reaming point hole is connected with the third reaming point hole through a fourth connecting piece; the ninth hinge point hole is connected with the seventh hinge point hole through a fifth link.

Preferably, the quick-change support is L-shaped; the inner side surface of the upper part of the quick-change support and the upper end surface of the bottom are connected with the lower frame of the engineering machinery.

Preferably, the limit groove is a U-shaped groove, and an opening is upward.

Preferably, the second hinge point hole is located right below the third hinge point hole, and the second hinge point hole is equal to the fifth hinge point hole in height; the fifth reaming point hole is positioned right below the fourth reaming point hole, and the fourth reaming point hole is equal to the third reaming point hole in height.

Preferably, the quick-change mechanism is formed by connecting two vertical plates.

Preferably, the device further comprises a limiting device for centering the fifth hinge point hole and the first hinge point hole.

Preferably, the limiting device comprises a limiting block, a limiting bolt and a limiting nut; the limiting block is connected with the quick-change mechanism, the limiting bolt is fixed through the limiting nut after being in threaded connection with the limiting block and matched with the quick-change support, and the fifth hinge point hole is centered with the first hinge point hole through adjusting the limiting bolt.

A quick-change method of a bulldozer blade, which comprises the following steps,

connecting the sixth reaming point hole with the second reaming point hole through a third connecting piece, connecting the seventh reaming point hole with the ninth reaming point hole through a fifth connecting piece, and connecting the eighth reaming point hole with the third reaming point hole through a fourth connecting piece; the fourth hinge point hole is connected with the limiting shaft;

the bulldozer blade is moved to enable the limiting shaft to be clamped with the limiting groove;

moving the blade to center the fifth pivot hole with the first pivot hole and connect the fifth pivot hole with the first pivot hole via the second link.

Preferably, after the limiting shaft is clamped with the limiting groove, the limiting device is adjusted to center the fifth hinge point hole with the first hinge point hole while the bulldozer blade is moved.

An engineering machine comprises the bulldozer blade quick-change device.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the quick-change support and the quick-change mechanism are designed, the quick-change mechanism is connected with the bulldozer and the bulldozer oil cylinder in advance, and then the quick-change mechanism is connected with the quick-change support, so that the centering number of pin shafts during the installation of the bulldozer is reduced, the hole aligning difficulty of hinge holes is greatly reduced, the installation time is saved, and especially when the engineering machinery is required to be temporarily additionally provided with the bulldozer in outdoor rescue, the mechanism enables the outdoor disassembly of the bulldozer to be quick and easy, the lifting tool can be operated by a driver to hoist the bulldozer outdoors, the time for use can be controlled within 2.5min, and the rescue can be rapidly developed.

The quick change device of the bulldozer blade has the advantages of simple structure and high reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation of a blade quick change apparatus according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial connection of a blade quick change device according to one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a quick-change stand according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a quick-change mechanism according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a limiting device according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a blade according to one embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a blade cylinder provided in accordance with a first embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the quick-change support and the lower carriage of the excavator according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 9 is an assembled schematic view of the quick change mechanism, blade cylinder, blade;

wherein 1 is a lower frame;

11 is a quick-change support; 111 is a limit groove; 112 is a first hinge point hole; 113 is a lining board; 114 is a reinforcing plate;

12 is a quick change mechanism; 121 is a second hinge point hole; 122 is a third hinge point hole; 123 is a fourth hinge point hole; 124 is a fifth pivot hole; 125 limit device, 1251 limit block; 1252 is a stop bolt; 1253 is a stop nut; 126 is an installation step;

13 is a bulldozer blade; 131 is a sixth pivot hole; 132 is a seventh hinge point hole;

14 is a bulldozer blade cylinder; 141 is an eighth hinge point hole; 142 is a ninth hinge point hole;

15 is a limiting shaft; 16 is a second connector; 17 is a third connector; 18 is a fourth connector; 19 is a fifth connector.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below in connection with embodiments. The following embodiments are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a blade quick-change apparatus, referring to fig. 1 and 2, including a quick-change bracket 11, a quick-change mechanism 12, a blade 13, and a blade cylinder 14. Referring to fig. 3, the quick-change bracket 11 is connected to the lower frame 1 of the construction machine, and is provided with a limiting groove 111 and a first hinge point hole 112. Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the quick change mechanism 12 is provided with a second hinge point hole 121, a third hinge point hole 122, a fourth hinge point hole 123, and a fifth hinge point hole 124; the fourth hinge point hole 123 is connected with the limit groove 111 through the limit shaft 15; the fifth pivot point hole 124 is connected to the first pivot point hole 112 by the second link 16. Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 6, the blade 13 is provided with a sixth pivot hole 131 and a seventh pivot hole 132; the sixth hinge point hole 131 is connected with the second hinge point hole 121 through the third link 17. Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 7, the blade cylinder 14 is provided with eighth and ninth pivot holes 141 and 142; the ninth hinge point hole 142 is connected to the seventh hinge point hole 132 through the fifth link 19; the eighth hinge point hole 141 and the third hinge point hole 122 are connected by the fourth link 18.

The quick-change support 11 is fixedly connected with the lower frame 1 of the construction machine, such as by welding, without replacement, and the mounting position does not interfere with other functions of the construction machine, such as the mounting and working of the bucket of the excavator, whether or not the dozer blade is mounted.

Specifically, the bulldozer 13 is further provided with a lifting hole, so that the bulldozer 13 is convenient to lift.

When the bulldozer is used, the bulldozer 13 is connected with the bulldozer cylinder 14, the bulldozer 13 is connected with the quick-change mechanism 12, the quick-change mechanism 12 is connected with the bulldozer cylinder 14, the three connecting positions are all butt joints of single hinge points, and the bulldozer is not required to be hoisted at the moment, so that the bulldozer 13, the bulldozer cylinder 14 and the quick-change mechanism 12 can be conveniently and quickly connected into a whole. Then, the fourth pivot hole 123 of the quick-change mechanism 12 is connected with the limiting shaft 15, the three parts of the bulldozer 13, the bulldozer cylinder 14 and the quick-change mechanism 12 can be lifted up by lifting, the limiting shaft 15 and the limiting groove 111 are clamped, the positions of the three parts of the bulldozer 13, the bulldozer cylinder 14 and the quick-change mechanism 12 are adjusted, the fifth pivot hole 124 is aligned with the first pivot hole 112, and the fifth pivot hole 124 is aligned with the first pivot hole 112 and then connected with the bulldozer 13 through the second connecting piece 16, so that the bulldozer 13 can be installed. At this time, only two butt joints are needed between the quick-change mechanism 12 and the quick-change support 11, only two butt joints are included, and one butt joint is adopted, so that the number of the butt joints which are needed to be simultaneously butt-jointed is greatly reduced, and compared with the prior art that two connecting hinge points of a bulldozer blade end and an engineering machinery lower frame and two hinge points of a bulldozer blade oil cylinder and an engineering machinery lower frame are simultaneously butt-jointed in a bulldozer blade suspension state, the installation difficulty of a bulldozer blade can be greatly reduced, and the installation time of the bulldozer blade is greatly saved.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the quick-change supports 11 are L-shaped, and for ensuring strength, the inner side surface of the upper portion and the upper end surface of the bottom are connected with the lower frame 1 of the construction machine, and the number of the quick-change supports 11 corresponds to the number of the dozer blade cylinders 14. In order to increase the strength, a group of limiting grooves 111 and a group of first hinge point holes 112 are sequentially formed in each quick-change support 11 from top to bottom, namely, the quick-change support is formed by connecting at least two parallel L-shaped plates which are vertically arranged, and each L-shaped plate is provided with the limiting groove 111 and the first hinge point holes 112.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the limiting groove 111 is a groove with an opening facing upward, or with an opening facing obliquely upward and toward the blade 13. Preferably a U-shaped slot with an opening facing upwards. The limiting groove 111 may be a horn-shaped groove, and the limiting shaft 15 may be quickly hung. When the bulldozer is installed, the bulldozer 13, the bulldozer cylinder 14 and the quick-change mechanism 12 are integrally lifted, the limiting shaft 15 is arranged above the U-shaped groove, and then the bulldozer 13, the bulldozer cylinder 14 and the quick-change mechanism 12 are integrally lowered, so that the limiting shaft 15 is clamped with the U-shaped groove. Then, the blade 13, the blade cylinder 14, and the quick change mechanism 12 are rotated integrally downward so that the fifth pivot hole 124 is centered with the first pivot hole 112.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the blade quick change device further includes an L-shaped lining plate 113 and a plurality of reinforcing plates 114; the inner side surface of the lining plate 113 is welded and fixed with the side surface and the bottom surface of the lower frame 1 of the engineering machinery, the outer side surface of the upper part is welded and fixed with the inner side surface of the upper part of the quick-change support 11, and the lower end surface of the lining plate 113 is welded and fixed with the upper end surface of the bottom of the quick-change support 11. The lower end surface of the reinforcing plate 114 is welded to the upper end surface of the lower frame 1 of the construction machine, and the side surface is welded to the inner side surface of the lining plate 113.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, for increased strength, a set of second hinge point holes 121, a set of third hinge point holes 122, a set of fourth hinge point holes 123, and a set of fifth hinge point holes 124 are provided on each quick-change mechanism 12. The form of the quick-change mechanism is not limited, and is preferably formed by connecting two vertical plates, and for convenience, the second hinge point hole 121 is positioned right below the third hinge point hole 122, and the second hinge point hole 121 is at the same height as the fifth hinge point hole 124; the fifth pivot hole 124 is located directly below the fourth pivot hole 123, and the fourth pivot hole 123 is at the same height as the third pivot hole 122. The second hinge point hole 121 and the third hinge point hole 122 are provided with mounting steps 126, and the mounting steps 126 are provided with bolt holes, so that bolts can conveniently pass through and fix the third connecting piece 17 and the fourth connecting piece 18.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5, each quick-change mechanism 12 further includes two stop devices 125 for centering the fifth pivot hole 124 with the first pivot hole 112. The limiting device 125 includes a limiting block 1251, a limiting bolt 1252 and a limiting nut 1253; the limiting block 1251 is welded with the quick-change mechanism 12, and the limiting bolt 1252 is fixed through the limiting nut 1253 and matched with the quick-change support 11 after being in threaded connection with the limiting block 1251. After the limiting shaft 15 and the limiting groove 111 are clamped, the limiting bolt 1252 is adjusted to prop against the quick-change support 11, the screwing length of the limiting bolt 1252 is adjusted during first trial assembly, the relative position of the quick-change mechanism 12 and the quick-change support 11 can be adjusted, and the fifth hinge point hole 124 is centered with the first hinge point hole 112. After the hole is aligned for the first time, the screwing length of the limiting bolt 1252 is fixed, the rapid hole alignment function in the subsequent disassembly and assembly process can be realized, the limiting bolt 1252 does not need to be adjusted, the fifth hinge point hole 124 and the first hinge point hole 112 can be automatically aligned, and the centering difficulty of the hinge point hole in the process of mounting the bulldozer blade is further reduced by the limiting device 125.

Example two

The embodiment provides a quick change method for a bulldozer blade, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

as shown in fig. 9, the sixth hinge point hole 131 and the second hinge point hole 121 are previously connected through the third link 17, the ninth hinge point hole 142 and the seventh hinge point hole 132 are connected through the fifth link 19, and the eighth hinge point hole 141 and the third hinge point hole 122 are connected through the fourth link 18; the fourth hinge point hole 123 is connected with the limiting shaft 15; meanwhile, as shown in fig. 8, the quick-change support 11 and the lower frame of the engineering machine are welded and fixed into a whole;

the lifting rope shackle is used for hooking a lifting hole of the bulldozer blade 13, the bulldozer blade 13 is lifted and moved to enable the limiting shaft 15 to be close to the limiting groove 111, and the limiting shaft 15 is enabled to fall into the limiting groove 111 to be clamped after continuous movement;

the blade 13 is lowered so that the limiting device 125 is pushed against the quick-change bracket 11, the limiting device 125 is adjusted so that the fifth pivot hole 124 is aligned with the first pivot hole 112, and then the fifth pivot hole 124 is connected with the first pivot hole 112 by the second link 16.

After the first installation, the length of the limiting device 15 is adjusted, and when the limiting device 125 is propped against the quick-change support 11 during the subsequent installation, the fifth hinge point hole 124 and the first hinge point hole 112 can be automatically centered, so that the quick-change support is convenient and quick. The stop device 15 may also be pre-adjusted in place so that it is convenient to center for subsequent use.

When the quick-change device of the bulldozer is connected with the lower frame 1 of the excavator, a driver can control the bucket teeth of the excavator to hook the lifting appliance to lift, when the limiting shaft 15 falls into the limiting groove 111 to be clamped, and the limiting device 125 props against the quick-change bracket 11, the fifth hinge point hole 124 and the first hinge point hole 112 are automatically aligned, and the driver can connect the fifth hinge point hole 124 and the first hinge point hole 112 through the second connecting piece 16, so that one person can complete the quick-change process.

Example III

The embodiment provides engineering machinery, which comprises the bulldozer blade quick-change device in the first embodiment. The construction machine may be an excavator, and a schematic connection of the blade quick change device and the lower frame 1 of the excavator is shown in fig. 1. The engineering machine can also be other engineering machines with the bulldozer blade replaced.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The quick-change device of the bulldozer blade is characterized by comprising a quick-change support (11), a quick-change mechanism (12), the bulldozer blade (13) and a bulldozer blade oil cylinder (14);

the quick-change support (11) is connected with the lower frame (1) of the engineering machinery and is provided with a limit groove (111) and a first hinge point hole (112);

the quick-change mechanism (12) is provided with a second hinge point hole (121), a third hinge point hole (122), a fourth hinge point hole (123) and a fifth hinge point hole (124); the fourth hinge point hole (123) is connected with the limit groove (111) through a limit shaft (15); the fifth pivot point hole (124) is connected to the first pivot point hole (112) by a second link (16);

the bulldozer (13) is provided with a sixth reaming point hole (131) and a seventh reaming point hole (132); the sixth hinge point hole (131) is connected with the second hinge point hole (121) through a third connecting piece (17);

an eighth hinge point hole (141) and a ninth hinge point hole (142) are formed in the bulldozer blade cylinder (14); the eighth hinge point hole (141) is connected with the third hinge point hole (122) through a fourth connecting piece (18); the ninth hinge point hole (142) is connected to the seventh hinge point hole (132) through a fifth link (19).

2. A blade quick change device according to claim 1, characterized in that the quick change support (11) is L-shaped; the inner side surface of the upper part of the quick-change support (11) and the upper end surface of the bottom are connected with the lower frame (1) of the engineering machine.

3. The quick change device of a dozer blade according to claim 1, in which said limit groove (111) is a U-shaped groove, with an opening facing upwards.

4. The blade quick change device of claim 1, wherein the second pivot hole (121) is located directly below the third pivot hole (122), the second pivot hole (121) being level with the fifth pivot hole (124); the fifth hinge point hole (124) is positioned right below the fourth hinge point hole (123), and the fourth hinge point hole (123) is at the same height as the third hinge point hole (122).

5. A blade quick change device according to claim 1, characterized in that the quick change mechanism (12) is formed by two vertical plates connected.

6. The blade quick change device of claim 1, further comprising a stop means (125) for centering the fifth pivot point hole (124) with the first pivot point hole (112).

7. The blade quick change device of claim 6, wherein the limit device (125) comprises a limit block (1251), a limit bolt (1252), and a limit nut (1253); the limiting block (1251) is connected with the quick-change mechanism (12), the limiting bolt (1252) is in threaded connection with the limiting block (1251), then is fixed through the limiting nut (1253) and is matched with the quick-change support (11), and the fifth hinge point hole (124) is centered with the first hinge point hole (112) through adjusting the limiting bolt (1252).

8. A quick-change method of a bulldozer blade is characterized by comprising the following steps of,

connecting the sixth hinge point hole (131) with the second hinge point hole (121) through a third connecting piece (17), connecting the seventh hinge point hole (132) with the ninth hinge point hole (142) through a fifth connecting piece (19), and connecting the eighth hinge point hole (141) with the third hinge point hole (122) through a fourth connecting piece (18); the fourth hinge point hole (123) is connected with the limiting shaft (15);

the bulldozer blade (13) is moved to enable the limiting shaft (15) to be clamped with the limiting groove (111);

the blade (13) is moved to center the fifth pivot hole (124) with the first pivot hole (112) and connect the fifth pivot hole (124) with the first pivot hole (112) via the second link (16).

9. The quick change method of a blade according to claim 8, wherein the limiting means (15) is adjusted to center the fifth pivot hole (124) with the first pivot hole (112) while moving the blade (13) after the limiting shaft (15) is clamped with the limiting groove (111).

10. A construction machine comprising a blade quick change device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.