CN116704993A - Reference signal selection method of vehicle road noise active control system - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
- G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/128—Vehicles
- G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a reference signal selection method of a vehicle road noise active control system. Comprising the following steps: 1. collecting data; 2. determining a frequency segment to be noise reduced and an evaluation index; 3. selecting an initial reference signal with highest coherence with target noise; 4. selecting the reference signal with the largest information amount to be listed in an initial reference signal set; 5. updating the initial reference signal set until all the reference signals are sequentially included in the initial reference signal set; 6. determining a number of required input reference signals to determine the required reference signals in the initial set of sensors; 7. and outputting a final reference signal selection result, and inputting the result into the active noise control system to perform effect verification. The invention is based on Fisher information matrix method, which can not only select optimal reference signal combination more efficiently, but also provide basis for determining the number of reference signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a reference signal selection method of a vehicle road noise active control system.
Background
With the increasing sales of vehicles and consumer importance to vehicle NVH performance in recent years, noise problems in the cab are becoming a concern. In which, if a passenger car driver drives in a high noise environment for a long time, fatigue driving is easily caused, thereby increasing hidden trouble of traffic accident. At present, the control of the noise inside the automobile mainly adopts a traditional mode, such as absorbing the noise of the automobile by adopting a sound absorption material, isolating the noise of the automobile by adopting a sound insulation material, and reducing the noise of the automobile by adopting a silencer. These conventional passive modes have a good effect of suppressing high-frequency noise, but because the wavelength of low-frequency noise is relatively long, the diffraction capability of the low-frequency noise in a propagation medium is very strong, so that the effect of suppressing low-frequency noise by the passive mode is very poor, and particularly the effect of reducing low-frequency noise below 400Hz is very limited. Compared with the passive noise control technology, the active noise control technology has the outstanding advantages of initiative and good low-frequency noise control effect.
The road noise active control technology is to actively control the road noise generated when the vehicle runs, and along with the continuous increase of the duty ratio of the electric vehicle, the road noise gradually becomes a main concern for optimizing the NVH performance of the vehicle. Road noise active control usually adopts a feedforward or feedforward combined control algorithm, and the quality of the control effect depends largely on whether the selection of the reference signal is proper or not.
In the past, the reference signals are often selected by enumerating all possible reference signal combinations through an enumeration method after determining the reasonable number of the reference signals, obtaining multiple coherence coefficients one by one, and finally selecting the largest group of reference signal combinations as input reference signals of an active control system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a reference signal selection method of a vehicle road noise active control system, which is based on a Fisher information matrix method, so that not only can optimal reference signal combinations be more efficiently selected, but also a basis can be provided for determining the number of reference signals, and the problems existing in the selection of the existing reference signals are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows in combination with the accompanying drawings:
a reference signal selection method of a vehicle road noise active control system comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting data;
step two, determining a frequency segment to be noise reduced and an evaluation index;
step three, selecting an initial reference signal with highest coherence with target noise according to the evaluation index, and incorporating the initial reference signal with the highest coherence into an initial reference signal set;
step four, calculating multiple coherence information amounts of other signals except the initial reference signal set relative to the initial reference signal set, and selecting the reference signal with the maximum information amount to be listed in the initial reference signal set;
step five, repeating the step four, and continuously updating the initial reference signal set until all the reference signals are sequentially included in the initial reference signal set;
step six, determining the number of required input reference signals through a reference signal number and multiple coherence coefficient relation diagram drawn by the initial reference signal set and other constraint conditions, so as to determine the required reference signals in the initial sensor set;
and step seven, outputting a final reference signal selection result, and inputting the result into the active noise control system for effect verification.
Further, the specific method of the first step is as follows:
and (3) performing a real vehicle data acquisition test to obtain N groups of vibration acceleration reference signals acquired by a plurality of sensors and M groups of in-vehicle noise signals picked up by microphones.
Further, the specific method of the second step is as follows:
21 The frequency section to be noise-reduced is selected through the frequency characteristics of the real car noise collected in the car, the ear hearing range and the frequency characteristics of the active noise-reduction control instrument;
22 Determining the evaluation index as follows:
wherein n is f To solve for the discrete number of frequencies at the coherence coefficient;a coherence coefficient for the i-th set of reference signals relative to the M-th set of noise signals; SPL (spring loaded spring) M (f) Sound pressure level at frequency f for the M-th set of noise signals;
the calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the cross power spectral density between the ith group of reference signals and the Mth group of in-car noise signals;the self-power spectral densities of the i-th group reference signal and the M-th group in-car noise signal are respectively.
Further, the specific method of the fourth step is as follows:
41 Calculating the average multiple coherence coefficient of the reference signal in the initial reference signal set to the noise signal in the vehicle, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the noise signal y in the vehicle j The multiple coherence coefficient for the initial reference signal set x is calculated by the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reference signal and the noise signal y in the vehicle in the initial reference signal set X j Is a cross-power spectral density matrix; />P XX (f) The self-power spectrum density functions of the noise signal in the vehicle and the initial reference signal set are respectively; sign (·) H Representing the common rail transpose of the matrix, symbol (·) -1 Representing a matrix generalized inverse;
42 Calculating covariance matrix
43 Calculating the amount of multi-coherence information of the rest of the reference signals except the initial reference signal set with respect to the initial reference signal set:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the average coherence coefficient of the i-th group reference signal and the noise signal in the vehicle; det (·) is the determinant of the matrix;
44 Comparing the calculated information amounts of the multiple coherence of each group, selecting the reference signal with the largest information amount to be listed in the initial reference signal set.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) Compared with the traditional enumeration method, the reference signal selection method of the vehicle road noise active control system based on the Fisher information matrix provided by the invention has the advantages that the time consumption is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is improved;
2) The reference signal quantity and multiple coherence coefficient relation diagram made by the initial reference signal set obtained by the invention can intuitively display multiple coherence of different reference signal quantity and can provide a determination basis for the quantity of the reference signals to be selected;
3) The invention can facilitate the variation of the quantity of the input reference signals in the follow-up active noise control system;
4) The sound pressure level factor of the noise signal in the vehicle is introduced into the evaluation criterion, so that the correlation information of the main frequency section of the noise signal is enhanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a frequency domain plot of a noise signal collected by a collected primary driving position microphone of an automobile;
FIG. 3 is a frequency domain plot of the collected noise signals collected by the microphone at the co-pilot position of the vehicle;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the multiple coherence of 13 reference signals and all 24 reference signals selected as the output result relative to the noise signal;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the number of reference signals in an initial reference signal set versus multiple coherence coefficients;
FIG. 6 is a graph of average noise reduction for a first pickup microphone position of the active control system;
FIG. 7 is a graph of average noise reduction for a second pickup microphone position of the active control system;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a reference signal selecting method of a vehicle road noise active control system includes the following steps:
step one, collecting data;
and (3) performing a real vehicle data acquisition test to obtain N groups of vibration acceleration reference signals acquired by a plurality of sensors and M groups of in-vehicle noise signals picked up by microphones.
Step two, determining a frequency segment to be noise reduced and an evaluation index;
step three, selecting an initial reference signal with highest coherence with target noise according to the evaluation index, and incorporating the initial reference signal with the highest coherence into an initial reference signal set;
step four, calculating multiple coherence information amounts of other signals except the initial reference signal set relative to the initial reference signal set, and selecting the reference signal with the maximum information amount to be listed in the initial reference signal set;
41 Calculating the average multiple coherence coefficient of the reference signal in the initial reference signal set to the noise signal in the vehicle, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,noise signal in carNumber y j The multiple coherence coefficient for the initial reference signal set x is calculated by the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reference signal and the noise signal y in the vehicle in the initial reference signal set X j Is a cross-power spectral density matrix; />P XX (f) The self-power spectrum density functions of the noise signal in the vehicle and the initial reference signal set are respectively; sign (·) H Representing the common rail transpose of the matrix, symbol (·) -1 Representing a matrix generalized inverse;
42 Calculating covariance matrix
43 Calculating the amount of multi-coherence information of the rest of the reference signals except the initial reference signal set with respect to the initial reference signal set:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the average coherence coefficient of the i-th group reference signal and the noise signal in the vehicle; det (·) is the determinant of the matrix;
44 Comparing the calculated information amounts of the multiple coherence of each group, selecting the reference signal with the largest information amount to be listed in the initial reference signal set.
Step five, repeating the step four, and continuously updating the initial reference signal set until all the reference signals are sequentially included in the initial reference signal set;
drawing a relation chart of the number of reference signals and multiple coherence coefficients through an initial reference signal set, wherein the abscissa of the relation chart is the number of required input reference signals determined according to the inclusion sequence in the initial reference signal set, the minimum number is 1, the maximum number comprises the number of all reference signals, the ordinate is the calculated multiple coherence coefficients of corresponding combinations, the relation between the number of reference signals and the coherence can be more intuitively weighted through the relation chart of the number of the reference signals and the multiple coherence coefficients, and meanwhile, the multi-aspect limiting conditions including the calculation force of an active noise control system processing unit, the real-time performance of a control algorithm and the like are also considered, and the multiple coherence coefficients 0.55 are taken as selection standards so as to determine the required reference signals in the initial sensor set;
and step seven, outputting a final reference signal selection result, and inputting the result into the active noise control system for effect verification.
Example two
The embodiment is presented by taking a certain vehicle type as an example, and the reference signal selection method of the vehicle road noise active control system based on the Fisher information matrix is specifically as follows:
step 1, performing a real vehicle data acquisition test, acquiring 24 groups of reference signals by using 8 acceleration sensors, and acquiring 2 groups of in-vehicle noise signals by using microphones, wherein the microphone placement positions are respectively positioned at a headrest of a main driver and a headrest of a co-driver;
step 2, according to fig. 2 and 3 and the range of the hearing ability of the human ear, selecting 25-500Hz as a noise reduction frequency band;
step 3, selecting an initial reference signal with highest coherence with the target noise according to the evaluation index, and incorporating the initial reference signal into an initial reference signal set;
the selection and evaluation indexes of the initial reference signals are as follows:
wherein n is f To do soDiscrete number of frequencies when decoherence coefficients;a coherence coefficient for the i-th set of reference signals relative to the M-th set of noise signals; SPL (spring loaded spring) M (f) Is the sound pressure level of the mth group noise signal at frequency f.
In the evaluation indexThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofFor the cross power spectral density between the ith set of reference signals and the mth set of in-vehicle noise signals,the self-power spectral densities of the i-th group reference signal and the M-th group in-car noise signal are respectively.
Calculating multiple coherence information quantity of other signals except the initial signal set relative to the initial reference signal set, selecting the reference signal with the maximum information quantity, and listing the reference signal into the initial reference signal set;
the formula of the average multiple coherence coefficient of the reference signal in the initial reference signal set to the noise signal in the car is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the noise signal y in the vehicle j The multiple coherence coefficient for the initial reference signal set X is calculated from the following equation:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reference signal and the noise signal y in the vehicle in the initial reference signal set X j Cross-power spectral density matrix of +.>P XX (f) The self-power spectral density functions of the noise signal in the vehicle and the initial reference signal set are respectively.
The covariance matrix of (2) is:
the calculation formula of the multi-coherence information of the rest reference signals except the initial reference signal set relative to the initial reference signal set is as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofIs the average coherence coefficient of the i-th group reference signal and the noise signal in the car.
Step five, repeating the step four, and continuously updating the initial reference signal set until all 24 groups of reference signals are sequentially included in the initial reference signal set;
step six, determining the number of the final input reference signals to be 13 according to fig. 4, and selecting the first 13 groups of reference signals from the initial reference signal set;
and step seven, outputting a final reference signal selection result, and inputting the result into the active noise control system for effect verification.
In summary, the average multiple coherence coefficient of the 13 reference signals is calculated to obtain fig. 5, where it can be seen that when the number of reference signal paths is reduced by nearly half, the multiple correlation at each frequency point is not reduced too much; the result is input into an active noise control system, the system uses a double-channel feedforward NFxLMS algorithm, uses 2 secondary speakers and 2 error microphones to obtain the final average noise reduction of the first channel and the second channel, and as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the average noise reduction of the first channel can reach approximately 5dB, the average noise reduction of the second channel can reach 4dB, and a better noise reduction effect can be achieved.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, any person skilled in the art may apply equivalent substitutions or alterations to the technical solution according to the present invention and the inventive concept thereof within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and these simple modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. The reference signal selection method of the vehicle road noise active control system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, collecting data;
step two, determining a frequency segment to be noise reduced and an evaluation index;
step three, selecting an initial reference signal with highest coherence with target noise according to the evaluation index, and incorporating the initial reference signal with the highest coherence into an initial reference signal set;
step four, calculating multiple coherence information amounts of other signals except the initial reference signal set relative to the initial reference signal set, and selecting the reference signal with the maximum information amount to be listed in the initial reference signal set;
step five, repeating the step four, and continuously updating the initial reference signal set until all the reference signals are sequentially included in the initial reference signal set;
step six, determining the number of required input reference signals through a reference signal number and multiple coherence coefficient relation diagram drawn by the initial reference signal set and other constraint conditions, so as to determine the required reference signals in the initial sensor set;
and step seven, outputting a final reference signal selection result, and inputting the result into the active noise control system for effect verification.
2. The method for selecting the reference signal of the active control system for vehicle road noise according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the first step is as follows:
and (3) performing a real vehicle data acquisition test to obtain N groups of vibration acceleration reference signals acquired by a plurality of sensors and M groups of in-vehicle noise signals picked up by microphones.
3. The reference signal selecting method of the vehicle road noise active control system according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the second step is as follows:
21 The frequency section to be noise-reduced is selected through the frequency characteristics of the real car noise collected in the car, the ear hearing range and the frequency characteristics of the active noise-reduction control instrument;
22 Determining the evaluation index as follows:
wherein n is f To solve for the discrete number of frequencies at the coherence coefficient; gamma ray dMxi A coherence coefficient for the i-th set of reference signals relative to the M-th set of noise signals; SPL (spring loaded spring) M (f) Sound pressure level at frequency f for the M-th set of noise signals;
the calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the cross power spectral density between the ith group of reference signals and the Mth group of in-car noise signals; />The self-power spectral densities of the i-th group reference signal and the M-th group in-car noise signal are respectively.
4. The method for selecting the reference signal of the active control system for vehicle road noise according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of the fourth step is as follows:
41 Calculating the average multiple coherence coefficient of the reference signal in the initial reference signal set to the noise signal in the vehicle, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the noise signal y in the vehicle j The multiple coherence coefficient for the initial reference signal set x is calculated by the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reference signal and the noise signal y in the vehicle in the initial reference signal set X j Is a cross-power spectral density matrix;P XX (f) The self-power spectrum density functions of the noise signal in the vehicle and the initial reference signal set are respectively; sign (·) H Representing the common rail transpose of the matrix, symbol (·) -1 Representing a matrix generalized inverse;
42 Calculating covariance matrix
43 Calculating the amount of multi-coherence information of the rest of the reference signals except the initial reference signal set with respect to the initial reference signal set:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the average coherence coefficient of the i-th group reference signal and the noise signal in the vehicle; det (·) is the determinant of the matrix;
44 Comparing the calculated information amounts of the multiple coherence of each group, selecting the reference signal with the largest information amount to be listed in the initial reference signal set.
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