CN116696821A - Control system and method for turbine-compressor unit - Google Patents
Control system and method for turbine-compressor unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN116696821A CN116696821A CN202310693496.4A CN202310693496A CN116696821A CN 116696821 A CN116696821 A CN 116696821A CN 202310693496 A CN202310693496 A CN 202310693496A CN 116696821 A CN116696821 A CN 116696821A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0253—Surge control by throttling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control system and a control method for a turbine-compressor unit, wherein the control system comprises a pressure control subsystem and an anti-surge control subsystem; a pressure control subsystem, comprising: the pressure sensor is used for collecting the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor; the pressure comparison module is used for calculating and obtaining the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor; the pressure ratio comparison module is used for obtaining a pressure ratio deviation value; a pressure controller for generating a pressure control command; the adjusting valve is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the steam turbine; an anti-surge control subsystem comprising: the flowmeter is used for collecting the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor; the flow comparison module is used for obtaining a flow deviation value; an anti-surge controller for generating a flow control command; the anti-surge valve is used for ensuring that the working fluid flow of the compressor is always larger than the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed through opening degree adjustment; the invention realizes real-time monitoring and multi-parameter coordination control of the turbine compressor unit, and effectively improves the simulation precision and the working efficiency of the turbine compressor unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of system control of turbine-compressor units, and particularly relates to a control system and method for a turbine-compressor unit.
Background
The turbine-compressor unit is large key equipment widely applied to metallurgical, petrochemical and other industrial departments; typical turbo-compressor units, including steam turbines and centrifugal compressors, and other auxiliary equipment, typically require a separate process control system from the standpoint of stable operation and safety. With the promotion of industrial equipment and the continuous expansion of industrial field capacity, the nonlinearity, the coupling and the complexity of a turbine compressor set are continuously increased, and the requirements on the performance control quality of the turbine compressor set are increasingly higher, so that the turbine compressor set is required to be changed from the previous single-parameter adjustment to the multi-parameter stable adjustment; thus, the control system also needs to be transitioned from a single control module to a multiple-input multiple-output integrated control system.
At present, the existing control system for the turbine compressor unit is composed of an automatic control system of each independent device physically, namely, a plurality of control targets are controlled in a scattered manner through respective control systems of a steam turbine and a centrifugal compressor; the control loops are not coupled and cannot work in a coordinated manner; therefore, the control method which is not formulated does not organically combine centrifugal compressor control, turbine control and process control; under the actual running condition of the unit, good dynamic or static characteristics cannot be obtained, the waste of energy and production resources is caused by light weight, the working efficiency of the unit is reduced, the unit is enabled to work in a dangerous working condition range, the unit is enabled to vibrate strongly, a mechanical mechanism is worn, malignant accidents are caused, and even large-scale shutdown and production stoppage are caused, so that huge economic loss is caused.
Secondly, surge is an extremely dangerous and severe working condition in the running process of the turbine compressor unit; specifically, when the resistance of the outlet pipe network of the turbine compressor unit is increased, and the pressure of the pipe network is increased, the pressure of the turbine compressor unit flowing to the pipe network is reduced, even the phenomenon that the pressure of the pipe network is higher than the outlet pressure of the compressor, so that working medium flows back to the compressor from the pipe network occurs, the flow direction and the flow rate of the working medium between the compressor and the pipe network are periodically changed, periodic impact is formed on the system, the strong vibration of the unit is caused, the parts of the unit are seriously damaged, and the rotor flies out to hurt people and other malignant accidents occur; therefore, it is desirable to ensure that the turbine compressor unit operates in a safe operating condition through anti-surge control.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a comprehensive control system that can ensure that the working medium provided by the unit meets the process requirements during operation, and that the unit always operates within a reasonable and safe working condition range.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a control system and a control method for a turbine-compressor unit, which are used for solving the technical problems that the working efficiency is low and a mechanical mechanism is worn due to surge due to distributed control under the actual running condition of the existing turbine-compressor unit, so that malignant accidents are caused, and even large-scale shutdown and production stopping are caused.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a control system for a turbine-compressor unit, which is used for the control process of the turbine-compressor unit; wherein the turbine-compressor unit comprises a turbine and a centrifugal compressor;
the control system comprises a pressure control subsystem and an anti-surge control subsystem;
the pressure control subsystem comprises a pressure sensor, a pressure comparison module, a pressure ratio comparison module, a pressure controller and an adjusting valve;
the pressure sensor is used for collecting and transmitting the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor to the pressure comparison module;
the pressure comparison module is used for comparing the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor with the inlet volume pressure of the centrifugal compressor and calculating to obtain the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor;
the pressure ratio comparison module is used for comparing the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor with a given target pressure ratio to obtain a pressure ratio deviation value;
the pressure controller is used for receiving and responding to the pressure deviation value, generating and sending a pressure control instruction to the regulating valve;
the adjusting valve is used for responding to the pressure control instruction and adjusting the rotating speed of the steam turbine through opening degree adjustment;
the anti-surge control subsystem comprises a flowmeter, a flow comparison module, an anti-surge controller and an anti-surge valve;
the flowmeter is used for collecting and transmitting the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor to the flow comparison module;
the flow comparison module is used for comparing the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor with the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed to obtain a flow deviation value;
the anti-surge controller is used for receiving and responding to the flow deviation value, and generating and sending a flow control instruction to the anti-surge valve;
the anti-surge valve is used for responding to the flow control instruction, and the opening degree is adjusted to ensure that the working medium flow of the compressor is always larger than the surge flow limit under the corresponding rotating speed.
Further, the pressure sensor is disposed on a compressor outlet volume or a compressor outlet conduit of the centrifugal compressor; the regulating valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the steam turbine.
Further, the pressure control subsystem further comprises a main steam valve; the main valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the steam turbine and is used for closing when the turbine-compressor unit needs emergency stop so as to prevent new steam from flowing into the steam turbine to expand and do work; the regulating valve works in a full-open state of the main valve.
Further, the pressure controller comprises a PID controller A and an electro-hydraulic converter A or an oil motor A;
the input end of the PID controller A is connected with the output end of the pressure ratio comparison module, and the output end of the PID controller A is connected with the input end of the electro-hydraulic converter A or the oil motor A; the output end of the electrohydraulic converter A or the oil actuator A is connected with the regulating valve.
Further, the electrohydraulic converter or the oil motor has a loop structure with inertial characteristics, and the loop structure with inertial characteristics is used for realizing inertial linksWherein T is S Is the inertia time constant, s is the Lawster transform.
Further, the anti-surge control subsystem further comprises an inlet valve and an outlet valve; the inlet valve and the outlet valve are respectively connected with the anti-surge controller; the inlet valve is arranged at the inlet of the centrifugal compressor and is used for responding to the flow control instruction so as to realize the adjustment of the flow of the inlet working medium; the outlet valve is arranged at the outlet of the centrifugal compressor and is used for responding to the flow control instruction so as to realize the regulation of the flow of the outlet working medium.
Further, the anti-surge controller adopts an anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller combined in an embedded mode;
the anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller with the embedded mode comprises a deviation change rate unit, a fuzzy controller A, PDI controller B and an electrohydraulic converter B or an oil motor B;
the output end of the flow comparison module is connected with the input end of the deviation change rate unit, the input end of the fuzzy controller A and the input end of the PID controller B, and the output end of the deviation change rate unit is connected with the input end of the fuzzy controller A; the input end of the fuzzy controller B is also connected with the output end of the deviation change rate unit, and the input end of the PID controller B is also connected with the output end of the fuzzy controller A; the output end of the PID controller B is connected with the input end of the electro-hydraulic converter B or the oil actuator B, and the output end of the electro-hydraulic converter B or the oil actuator B is connected with the anti-surge valve.
Further, the pressure sensor or the anti-surge controller adopts a fuzzy-PID controller combined in a parallel mode; the fuzzy-PID controller combined in the parallel mode comprises a PID controller and a fuzzy controller which are connected in parallel, and the relation between the PID controller and the fuzzy controller is a selection relation.
Further, the pressure sensor or the anti-surge controller adopts a fuzzy-PID controller combined in a parallel mode; the fuzzy-PID controller combined in the parallel mode comprises a PID controller and a fuzzy controller which are connected in parallel, and the relation between the PID controller and the fuzzy controller is an addition relation.
The invention also provides a control method for the turbine-compressor unit, and the control system for the turbine-compressor unit is utilized; the control method comprises a pressure control logic step and an anti-surge control logic step;
wherein the pressure control logic step comprises:
collecting outlet pressure of a centrifugal compressor;
comparing the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor with the inlet volume pressure of the centrifugal compressor, and calculating to obtain the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor;
comparing the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor with a given target pressure ratio to obtain a pressure ratio deviation value;
according to the pressure deviation value, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is regulated by changing the opening of the regulating valve;
wherein the anti-surge control logic step comprises:
collecting working medium flow of a centrifugal compressor;
comparing the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor with the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed to obtain a flow comparison result;
and according to the flow comparison result, the opening degree of the anti-surge valve is regulated to ensure that the working fluid of the compressor is always larger than the surge flow limit under the corresponding rotating speed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a control system and a control method for a turbine-compressor unit, which utilize a pressure control subsystem to regulate the rotating speed of a turbine so as to realize the purpose of regulating the pressure of the output engineering of a centrifugal compressor; determining the opening degree of an anti-surge valve by utilizing an anti-surge control subsystem, and ensuring that the flow of the compressor is always greater than the limit of the surge flow at the corresponding rotating speed; the pressure control and the anti-surge control are utilized to meet the variable working condition and variable rotation speed regulation function, realize real-time monitoring and multi-parameter coordination control of the turbine set, and effectively improve the simulation precision and the working efficiency of the turbine compressor set; meanwhile, the abrasion of a mechanical mechanism caused by surge can be avoided, and further, the large-scale shutdown and production stopping are avoided.
Furthermore, the anti-surge controller adopts an anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller combined in an embedded mode, and the PID parameters suitable for system deviation are determined through the fuzzy controller according to the deviation signals input in real time and the change rate of the deviation signals, so that the system can obtain good dynamic and static response characteristics in the disturbance change process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system model of a turbine-compressor set of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the turbo-compressor train of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pressure controller in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller incorporating the embedded approach of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fuzzy-PID controller combined in parallel in example 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the following specific embodiments are used for further describing the invention in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a control system for a turbine-compressor set, for use in a control process of the turbine-compressor set; as shown in fig. 1, the turbine-compressor includes a turbine and a centrifugal compressor; the turbine and the compressor are controlled by the flow of the internal through-flow working medium so as to achieve the task objective of regulating the variable working condition operation of the system; the process control module is a tie for connecting the steam turbine control module and the compressor control module, and is a necessary link for ensuring that the working medium state required by the downstream process is consistent with the working medium state provided by the centrifugal compressor; because the whole turbine-compressor unit has complex process flow, various parameters need to be monitored, including pressure parameters of a water path, an oil path, a steam path and a gas path, flow and temperature control, and safety control such as anti-surge, unit vibration monitoring and the like; therefore, the control objects are more, the coupling performance and the nonlinearity are strong, and the control problem is more complex. Through deep analysis of the characteristics of the turbine compressor unit, a turbine control module and a compressor control module are matched, and a proper process control strategy is formulated, so that the key of designing a control system capable of enabling the turbine compressor unit to operate efficiently, stably and safely is provided.
The control system for the turbine-compressor unit of the embodiment comprises a pressure control subsystem and an anti-surge control subsystem; as shown in fig. 2, the pressure control subsystem comprises a pressure sensor, a pressure comparison module, a pressure ratio comparison module, a pressure controller, an adjusting valve and a main valve; the anti-surge control subsystem comprises a flowmeter, a flow comparison module, an anti-surge controller, an anti-surge valve, an inlet valve and an outlet valve.
In this embodiment 1, the pressure sensor is configured to collect and send the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor to the pressure comparison module; preferably, the pressure sensor is provided on a compressor outlet volume or a compressor outlet conduit of the centrifugal compressor; the pressure comparison module is used for comparing the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor with the inlet volume pressure of the centrifugal compressor and calculating to obtain the real-time pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor; the pressure ratio comparison module is used for comparing the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor with a given target pressure ratio to obtain a pressure ratio deviation value; the pressure controller is used for receiving and responding to the pressure deviation value, and producing and sending a pressure control instruction to the regulating valve; the adjusting valve is used for responding to the pressure control instruction and adjusting the rotating speed of the steam turbine through opening degree adjustment; preferably, the regulating valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the steam turbine; the main valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the steam turbine and is used for closing when the turbine-compressor unit needs emergency stop so as to prevent new steam from flowing into the steam turbine to expand and do work; wherein, the regulating valve works in the full-open state of the main valve.
In this embodiment 1, the flowmeter is configured to collect and send a working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor to the flow comparison module; the flow comparison module is used for comparing the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor with the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed to obtain a flow deviation value; the anti-surge controller is used for receiving and responding to the flow deviation value, and generating and sending a flow control instruction to the anti-surge valve; the anti-surge valve is used for responding to the flow control instruction, and the opening degree is adjusted to ensure that the working medium flow of the compressor is always larger than the surge flow limit under the corresponding rotating speed; the inlet valve and the outlet valve are respectively connected with the anti-surge controller; the inlet valve is arranged at the inlet of the centrifugal compressor and is used for responding to the flow control instruction so as to realize the adjustment of the flow of the inlet working medium; the outlet valve is arranged at the outlet of the centrifugal compressor and is used for responding to the flow control instruction so as to realize the regulation of the flow of the outlet working medium.
As shown in fig. 3, the pressure controller comprises a PID controller A and an electrohydraulic converter A or an oil mover A; the input end of the PID controller A is connected with the output end of the pressure ratio comparison module, and the output end of the PID controller A is connected with the input end of the electro-hydraulic converter A or the oil motor A; the output end of the electrohydraulic converter A or the oil actuator A is connected with the regulating valve; the electrohydraulic converter or the oil motor has a loop structure with inertial characteristics, and the loop structure with inertial characteristics is used for realizing inertial linksWherein T is S Is the inertia time constant, s is the Lawster transform.
As shown in fig. 4, the anti-surge controller adopts an anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller combined in an embedded manner; the anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller with the embedded mode comprises a deviation change rate unit, a fuzzy controller A, PDI controller B and an electrohydraulic converter B or an oil motor B; the output end of the flow comparison module is connected with the input end of the deviation change rate unit, the input end of the fuzzy controller A and the input end of the PID controller B, and the output end of the deviation change rate unit is connected with the input end of the fuzzy controller A; the input end of the fuzzy controller B is also connected with the output end of the deviation change rate unit, and the input end of the PID controller B is also connected with the output end of the fuzzy controller A; the output end of the PID controller B is connected with the input end of the electro-hydraulic converter B or the oil actuator B, and the output end of the electro-hydraulic converter B or the oil actuator B is connected with the anti-surge valve; the deviation change rate unit is used for calculating the change rate of the flow deviation value according to the flow deviation value; the fuzzy controller is used for generating PID control parameters according to the flow deviation value and the change rate of the flow deviation value; the PID controller is used for generating and sending a flow control signal according to the flow deviation value and the PID control parameter; the electro-hydraulic converter B or the oil actuator B is used for responding to the flow control signal to generate a flow control instruction.
Embodiment 1 also provides a control method for a turbine-compressor set, comprising a pressure control logic step and an anti-surge control logic step;
the pressure control logic step includes:
collecting outlet pressure of a centrifugal compressor; comparing the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor with the inlet volume pressure of the centrifugal compressor, and calculating to obtain the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor; comparing the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor with a given target pressure ratio to obtain a pressure ratio deviation value; according to the pressure deviation value, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is regulated by changing the opening of the regulating valve;
the anti-surge control logic step includes:
collecting working medium flow of a centrifugal compressor; comparing the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor with the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed to obtain a flow comparison result; and according to the flow comparison result, the opening degree of the anti-surge valve is regulated to ensure that the working fluid of the compressor is always larger than the surge flow limit under the corresponding rotating speed.
Control principle:
the control system and method for a turbine-compressor unit described in embodiment 1, wherein the pressure control subsystem is configured to implement a pressure control task of a centrifugal compressor, and to maintain the pressure of a working medium within a target range while ensuring a flow rate required by a process; the pressure sensor is arranged on the outlet volume or outlet pipeline of the centrifugal compressor to measure the outlet pressure change of the compressor; the pressure comparison module is used for comparing the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor with the inlet volume pressure of the centrifugal compressor and calculating to obtain the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor; the pressure ratio comparison module is used for comparing the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor with a given target pressure ratio to obtain a pressure ratio deviation value; the pressure controller is used for generating and sending a pressure control instruction to the regulating valve according to the pressure deviation value, so that the pressure of the working medium output by the centrifugal compressor can be regulated by changing the rotating speed.
In this embodiment 1, the anti-surge control subsystem is configured to ensure that, when the centrifugal compressor is running under variable working conditions, the working condition electricity of the centrifugal compressor is always in a safe area; collecting the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor through a flowmeter, and comparing the working medium flow with the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed to obtain a flow deviation value; and determining the opening degree of the anti-surge valve through the anti-surge controller according to the flow deviation value, so as to ensure that the flow of the centrifugal compressor is always greater than the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed.
In embodiment 1, the electro-hydraulic converter or the oil motor in the pressure controller has an inertial loop structure for realizing inertial linkTo represent the loop structure of the electrohydraulic converter or the oil motor with inertial characteristics; when the pressure deviation value is input into the PID controller, the opening of the turbine regulating valve is changed through a relevant control loop or an executing mechanism by the calculated pressure control instruction so as to regulate the rotating speed of the turbine, and the turbine regulating valve stops acting until the deviation between the given pressure ratio and the actual pressure ratio is zero.
In this embodiment 1, an anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller combined in an embedded manner is adopted, a set of PID parameters suitable for the system deviation are selected according to the deviation signal input in real time and the change rate of the deviation signal, the deviation signal is input to the PID controller of the current fuzzy reasoning selection parameter, and a control signal is output after calculation; proportional, differential and integral coefficients of the PID controller; when the disturbance is larger, a larger PID parameter is selected to obtain timely control output so as to offset the adverse effect of the large disturbance on the system; when the disturbance is small, the small PID parameters are selected, so that the excessive overshoot in the adjusting process can be avoided, and the fuzzy controller can replace the PID parameters in real time, so that the system can obtain good dynamic and static response characteristics in the disturbance change process.
Example 2
The control system for a turbine-compressor unit provided in this embodiment 2 is basically the same in structure and principle as the control system for a turbine-compressor unit described in embodiment 1, except that:
as shown in fig. 5, the pressure sensor or the anti-surge controller adopts a fuzzy-PID controller combined in parallel; the fuzzy-PID controller combined in the parallel mode comprises a PID controller and a fuzzy controller which are connected in parallel, and the relation between the PID controller and the fuzzy controller is a selection relation.
In embodiment 2, a fuzzy-PID controller combined in parallel is adopted, and the processing of the input quantity by the fuzzy controller is discrete and limited, so that the control curved surface is not smooth; according to the characteristics of the fuzzy controller and the PID controller, the two modes of parallel and embedded are fundamentally distinguished by combining the fuzzy-PID control obtained by the fuzzy controller and the PID controller; one basic control form of the parallel mode is shown in fig. 5, where r represents a given signal, e represents a deviation signal, CS represents a control signal, and y represents a control object output.
In the embodiment 2, a fuzzy-PID controller combined in a parallel manner is adopted, when the deviation of the system is out of a certain threshold range, the fuzzy controller is adopted, and a control signal for changing the action of an actuator can be timely output under larger deviation, so that better dynamic characteristics are obtained; when the deviation of the system is within a certain threshold range, a PID controller is adopted, so that the system responds rapidly under smaller deviation, overshoot is small, and static errors are eliminated rapidly, so that good dynamic and static characteristics are obtained.
Example 3
The control system for a turbine-compressor unit provided in this embodiment 3 is basically the same in structure and principle as the control system for a turbine-compressor unit described in embodiment 1, except that:
the pressure sensor or the anti-surge controller adopts a fuzzy-PID controller combined in a parallel mode; the fuzzy-PID controller combined in the parallel mode comprises a PID controller and a fuzzy controller which are connected in parallel, wherein the relation between the PID controller and the fuzzy controller is an addition relation; when the selection relation between the PID controller and the fuzzy controller is changed into the addition relation, when the system has deviation, the PID control and the fuzzy control act simultaneously, and control signals are output in a superposition way.
In the invention, a main actuating mechanism in the pressure control subsystem is a valve, and a main steam valve and an adjusting valve are arranged on a steam inlet pipeline of a steam turbine: the main steam valve mainly plays a role in safety protection, when a unit is stopped when meeting emergency, the main steam valve can be immediately closed, and new steam does not flow into the steam turbine any more to expand and do work; when the regulating valve works in the full opening state of the main valve, the opening degree of the regulating valve is changed to change the steam quantity flowing into the cylinder body of the steam turbine to do work according to the requirement on the performance control of the compressor, so that the output power and the rotor rotating speed of the compressor driven by the steam turbine are changed.
In the invention, the centrifugal compressor is provided with an anti-surge valve, and a valve can be arranged at the inlet or the outlet of the compressor according to the regulation mode. When the unit surge phenomenon is about to happen, even if the unit surge phenomenon happens, the anti-surge valve is opened immediately, and the working medium flow of the compressor is increased under the same pressure ratio, so that the working point of the compressor moves to the right on the characteristic curve of the compressor to a safe area. The compressor inlet valve is an actuator for the inlet adjustment, which is less economical, and should be omitted when variable speed adjustment is used. The compressor outlet valve can be an actuator of an outlet adjustment mode, can also be regarded as a resistance structure on a compressor outlet pipe network, and the opening change of the compressor outlet valve can also be regarded as the change of the resistance characteristic of the pipe network.
The control method for the turbine-compressor unit comprises the step of pressure control logic, wherein the step of pressure control logic is to ensure that the pressure of working medium is kept stable within a target range under the flow required by the process; the pressure sensor of the centrifugal compressor is generally arranged on the outlet volume or pipeline of the compressor, measures the change of the outlet pressure of the compressor, calculates the pressure ratio compared with the pressure of the inlet volume, compares the calculated pressure ratio with the set target pressure ratio, and inputs the calculated pressure ratio into the controller for calculation. The controller outputs an actuator action signal, and changes the rotating speed to adjust the pressure of the working medium output by the compressor; the anti-surge control logic step is to ensure that the working condition point of the compressor is always in a safe area when the compressor runs under variable working conditions. The flow of the compressor is measured by a flowmeter and compared with the limit of the surge flow at the rotating speed, and the opening degree of the anti-surge valve is determined through calculation of the controller, so that the compressor flow is always larger than the limit of the surge flow at the rotating speed.
The control system and the method for the turbine-compressor unit are characterized by establishing a dynamic mathematical model of the turbine-compressor unit; in a process control system of the system, based on an anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller combined in an embedded mode, the control logic of the turbine compressor unit in pressure control and anti-surge control is provided, and the simulation precision of the turbine compressor unit is improved; in terms of pressure control logic, a pressure sensor of the centrifugal compressor is generally arranged on a compressor outlet volume or pipeline, the change of the compressor outlet pressure is measured, the pressure ratio is calculated compared with the inlet volume pressure, and then the pressure ratio is compared with a set target pressure ratio and is input into a controller for calculation; the controller outputs an actuator action signal, and changes the rotating speed to adjust the pressure of the working medium output by the compressor. In the aspect of anti-surge control logic, a flow meter is adopted to measure the flow of the compressor, and compared with the limit of the surge flow at the rotating speed, the opening degree of an anti-surge valve is determined through calculation of a controller, so that the flow of the compressor is always larger than the limit of the surge flow at the rotating speed; in the aspect of anti-surge control logic of the centrifugal compressor, the working condition point of the compressor is always in a safe area when the compressor runs under variable working conditions. The flow of the compressor is measured by a flowmeter and compared with the limit of the surge flow at the rotating speed, the opening degree of the anti-surge valve is determined through calculation of the controller, so that the compressor flow is always ensured to be larger than the limit of the surge flow at the rotating speed +.
The above embodiment is only one of the implementation manners capable of implementing the technical solution of the present invention, and the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the embodiment, but also includes any changes, substitutions and other implementation manners easily recognized by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control system for a turbine-compressor set, characterized by a control process for the turbine-compressor set; wherein the turbine-compressor unit comprises a turbine and a centrifugal compressor;
the control system comprises a pressure control subsystem and an anti-surge control subsystem;
the pressure control subsystem comprises a pressure sensor, a pressure comparison module, a pressure ratio comparison module, a pressure controller and an adjusting valve;
the pressure sensor is used for collecting and transmitting the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor to the pressure comparison module;
the pressure comparison module is used for comparing the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor with the inlet volume pressure of the centrifugal compressor and calculating to obtain the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor;
the pressure ratio comparison module is used for comparing the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor with a given target pressure ratio to obtain a pressure ratio deviation value;
the pressure controller is used for receiving and responding to the pressure deviation value, generating and sending a pressure control instruction to the regulating valve;
the adjusting valve is used for responding to the pressure control instruction and adjusting the rotating speed of the steam turbine through opening degree adjustment;
the anti-surge control subsystem comprises a flowmeter, a flow comparison module, an anti-surge controller and an anti-surge valve;
the flowmeter is used for collecting and transmitting the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor to the flow comparison module;
the flow comparison module is used for comparing the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor with the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed to obtain a flow deviation value;
the anti-surge controller is used for receiving and responding to the flow deviation value, and generating and sending a flow control instruction to the anti-surge valve;
the anti-surge valve is used for responding to the flow control instruction, and the opening degree is adjusted to ensure that the working medium flow of the compressor is always larger than the surge flow limit under the corresponding rotating speed.
2. A control system for a turbo-compressor train according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is provided on a compressor outlet volume or a compressor outlet conduit of the centrifugal compressor; the regulating valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the steam turbine.
3. The control system for a turbine-compressor set of claim 1, wherein the pressure control subsystem further comprises a main vapor valve; the main valve is arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the steam turbine and is used for closing when the turbine-compressor unit needs emergency stop so as to prevent new steam from flowing into the steam turbine to expand and do work; the regulating valve works in a full-open state of the main valve.
4. The control system for a turbine-compressor set according to claim 1, wherein the pressure controller includes a PID controller a and an electrohydraulic converter a or an oil mover a;
the input end of the PID controller A is connected with the output end of the pressure ratio comparison module, and the output end of the PID controller A is connected with the input end of the electro-hydraulic converter A or the oil motor A; the output end of the electrohydraulic converter A or the oil actuator A is connected with the regulating valve.
5. A method according to claim 4 for a turbo-compressorThe control system of the group is characterized in that the electrohydraulic converter or the oil motor has a loop structure with inertial characteristics, and the loop structure with inertial characteristics is used for realizing inertial linksWherein T is S Is the inertia time constant, s is the Lawster transform.
6. The control system for a turbine-compressor set of claim 1, wherein the anti-surge control subsystem further comprises an inlet valve and an outlet valve; the inlet valve and the outlet valve are respectively connected with the anti-surge controller; the inlet valve is arranged at the inlet of the centrifugal compressor and is used for responding to the flow control instruction so as to realize the adjustment of the flow of the inlet working medium; the outlet valve is arranged at the outlet of the centrifugal compressor and is used for responding to the flow control instruction so as to realize the regulation of the flow of the outlet working medium.
7. The control system for a turbine-compressor set of claim 1, wherein the anti-surge controller is an in-line combined anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller;
the anti-surge fuzzy-PID controller with the embedded mode comprises a deviation change rate unit, a fuzzy controller A, PDI controller B and an electrohydraulic converter B or an oil motor B;
the output end of the flow comparison module is connected with the input end of the deviation change rate unit, the input end of the fuzzy controller A and the input end of the PID controller B, and the output end of the deviation change rate unit is connected with the input end of the fuzzy controller A; the input end of the fuzzy controller B is also connected with the output end of the deviation change rate unit, and the input end of the PID controller B is also connected with the output end of the fuzzy controller A; the output end of the PID controller B is connected with the input end of the electro-hydraulic converter B or the oil actuator B, and the output end of the electro-hydraulic converter B or the oil actuator B is connected with the anti-surge valve.
8. The control system for a turbine-compressor set according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor or the anti-surge controller employs a fuzzy-PID controller combined in parallel; the fuzzy-PID controller combined in the parallel mode comprises a PID controller and a fuzzy controller which are connected in parallel, and the relation between the PID controller and the fuzzy controller is a selection relation.
9. The control system for a turbine-compressor set according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor or the anti-surge controller employs a fuzzy-PID controller combined in parallel; the fuzzy-PID controller combined in the parallel mode comprises a PID controller and a fuzzy controller which are connected in parallel, and the relation between the PID controller and the fuzzy controller is an addition relation.
10. A control method for a turbine-compressor set, characterized by using a control system for a turbine-compressor set according to any one of claims 1-9; the control method comprises a pressure control logic step and an anti-surge control logic step;
wherein the pressure control logic step comprises:
collecting outlet pressure of a centrifugal compressor;
comparing the outlet pressure of the centrifugal compressor with the inlet volume pressure of the centrifugal compressor, and calculating to obtain the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor;
comparing the actual pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor with a given target pressure ratio to obtain a pressure ratio deviation value;
according to the pressure deviation value, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is regulated by changing the opening of the regulating valve;
wherein the anti-surge control logic step comprises:
collecting working medium flow of a centrifugal compressor;
comparing the working medium flow of the centrifugal compressor with the surge flow limit at the corresponding rotating speed to obtain a flow comparison result;
and according to the flow comparison result, the opening degree of the anti-surge valve is regulated to ensure that the working fluid of the compressor is always larger than the surge flow limit under the corresponding rotating speed.
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| CN202310693496.4A CN116696821A (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-12 | Control system and method for turbine-compressor unit |
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| CN202310693496.4A CN116696821A (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-12 | Control system and method for turbine-compressor unit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117588437A (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-02-23 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | Anti-asthma compensation method and system for centrifugal compressor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117588437A (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-02-23 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | Anti-asthma compensation method and system for centrifugal compressor |
| CN117588437B (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-04-12 | 山东豪迈机械制造有限公司 | Anti-asthma compensation method and system for centrifugal compressor |
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