CN116694833A - Production and use method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum-killed steel - Google Patents
Production and use method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum-killed steel Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 284
- 229910000655 Killed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 134
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 134
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002421 finishing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
- C21C7/0645—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a production and use method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel. The method comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag to the limestone of 4:1-3:2, covering the limestone on the surface of the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag to obtain mixed slag, and crushing after dedusting and cooling to obtain the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag; the CaO in the liquid refining slag is 50-60% by mass percent; caO and Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is 1.5-2.5; the total amount of FeO and MnO is less than or equal to 5%, siO 2 Less than or equal to 5 percent and S less than or equal to 0.5 percent. The refining synthetic slag prepared by the method can shorten the refining time and reduce the electricity consumption for refining in the aluminum killed steel smelting process, so that lime and fluorite are not required to be added in the refining process, the slag melting time is shortened, the desulfurization efficiency is improved, and the problems are solvedThe problems that the residual heat of the cold processing and recycling technology of refining slag is not utilized and the refining efficiency is low are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to production and use methods of aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag.
Background
The steel slag is a main byproduct in the steelmaking process, the yield is about 8% -15% of the yield of coarse steel, the recycling of the steel slag is an important development direction of steel slag recycling, and the steel slag recycling ratio reaches 13.4% and 19.1% in European Union and Japan respectively. The refining slag is slag formed after molten steel refining is finished, has uniform components and a lower melting point, still has certain desulfurization capability and capability of adsorbing impurities in molten steel, and is the most valuable product in the slag recycling technology.
At present, the recycling technology of refining slag mainly comprises two modes of hot online recovery and cold processing recovery. However, the thermal recovery of refining slag also suffers from several problems: 1. steel grade matching is difficult: only the C, alloy elements and impurity elements which are matched with the steel grade meet the requirements can be recycled. 2. Time matching is difficult: the solidification speed of the refining slag is high, and the window time with good slag fluidity is less than 20min.3. The recycling amount is difficult to control: the quantity of refined slag of the single Bao Yetai is about 1.5-2t, the adding quantity must be controlled in order to ensure the stable components of the refined slag of the recycling furnace, and the liquid refining pouring quantity cannot be accurately weighed and controlled. 4. The ladle transferring time is long: the ladle has long transfer travel between the continuous casting span and the refining span, influences the online time of the ladle, and has low heat flow utilization rate. 5. The liquid slag ladle-to-ladle safety is poor and the smoke dust is large. The cold processing and recycling of refining slag has the problems of no steel grade, time matching, uncontrollable consumption, influence on production smooth operation and the like, and although the cold processing technology can solve the problems, the problems of long slag melting time and low desulfurization efficiency exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problems of long slag melting time and low desulfurization efficiency in the existing refining slag cold state processing and recycling technology, and provides a production and use method of aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag.
Therefore, the invention provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel, which comprises the following steps: covering limestone on the surface of the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag according to the mass ratio of the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag to the limestone of 4:1-3:2 to obtain mixed slag, and crushing after dedusting and cooling to obtain the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag; the mass percentage of CaO in the liquid refining slag is 50-60 percent according to the mass percentage; caO and Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is 1.5-2.5; the total amount of FeO and MnO is less than or equal to 5%, siO 2 ≤5％，S≤0.5％。
Further, the method for sprinkling the liquid refining slag on the cooled steel plate is a hot sprinkling method.
Further, the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag is splashed to the cooled steel plate and then covered with the limestone, wherein the single splashing amount is less than or equal to 2 tons, and the splashing thickness is less than or equal to 50mm.
Further, the cooling temperature is less than or equal to 100 ℃, the cooling time is 10-15min, and the dust removal time is 15-20min.
Further, the granularity of the crushed mixed slag is 5-50mm.
Further, the temperature of the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag is 1200-1400 ℃.
Further, the granularity of the limestone is 5-20mm; the limestone comprises CaCO in the components in percentage by mass 3 ≥95％，S≤0.05％。
The invention provides the aluminum-killed steel refined synthetic slag produced by the production method of the aluminum-killed steel refined synthetic slag.
The invention provides a smelting method of aluminum killed steel, which comprises the following steps: and adding the refined synthetic slag of the aluminum killed steel during the tapping process.
Further, determining the addition amount of the refined synthetic slag of the aluminum killed steel according to the free oxygen content in the molten steel tapped from the converter, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the free oxygen content of molten steel is less than or equal to 300ppm, adding 5kg/t < the weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 6kg/t; when the free oxygen content of 300ppm < molten steel is less than or equal to 600ppm, adding 4kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5.5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of molten steel is more than 600ppm, adding 3kg/t < the weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5kg/t, and adding 0.5-1.5kg/t lime;
preferably, when the free oxygen content of molten steel is less than or equal to 300ppm, 5kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5.5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of 300ppm < molten steel is less than or equal to 600ppm, adding 4kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of molten steel is more than 600ppm, 3kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 4kg/t, and 1-1.5kg/t lime is added.
Further, when the specified amount of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel fails to stop slag in converter tapping, 1-1.5kg/t of refined synthetic slag is added, and a ladle of 400-600NL/min is opened for stirring for 2-4 minutes.
Further, the adding time of the refining synthetic slag is as follows: when the auxiliary materials such as aluminum blocks, alloy, carbon powder and the like are added and the tapping amount reaches 2/3 of the total amount, adding refined synthetic slag and lime, and finishing the feeding before tapping is finished.
Further, the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag is dried refined synthetic slag stored for three days.
Further, the sulfur content in the smelted aluminum killed steel should be less than 0.01%.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the production method of the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag, limestone is covered on the surface of the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag according to the mass ratio of the aluminum killed steel refined slag to the limestone of 4:1-3:2, so as to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is crushed after dust removal and cooling to obtain the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag; the CaO in the liquid refining slag is 50-60% by mass percent; caO and Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is 1.5-2.5; the total amount of FeO and MnO is less than or equal to 5%, siO 2 Less than or equal to 5 percent and S less than or equal to 0.5 percent. According to the invention, limestone and liquid refining slag with specific chemical components and content are combined in a mass ratio of 4:1-3:2, and waste heat is utilizedDecomposing limestone, generating CaO at the in-situ point, and then mixing the CaO with Al generated by deoxidization 2 O 3 The components are combined to form a low-melting-point compound, the proportion of a target slag system is quickly achieved, the refining time is shortened, the electricity consumption for refining is reduced, lime and fluorite are not needed to be added in the refining process, the consumption of lime and fluorite is reduced, the slag melting time is shortened, the process energy consumption is reduced, the desulfurization efficiency is improved, and the problems that the waste heat of the cold processing and recycling technology of the refining slag is not utilized and the refining efficiency is low are solved.
2. The usage amount of the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag is determined by the free oxygen content in molten steel tapped from a converter, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the free oxygen content of molten steel is less than or equal to 300ppm, adding 5kg/t < the weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 6kg/t; when the free oxygen content of 300ppm < molten steel is less than or equal to 600ppm, adding 4kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5.5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of molten steel is more than 600ppm, adding 3kg/t < the weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5kg/t, and adding 0.5-1.5kg/t lime; preferably, when the free oxygen content of molten steel is less than or equal to 300ppm, 5kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5.5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of 300ppm < molten steel is less than or equal to 600ppm, adding 4kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of molten steel is more than 600ppm, 3kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 4kg/t, and 1-1.5kg/t lime is added. The process method for dynamically adjusting the addition amount of the integrated slag according to the tapping oxygen content can better treat the relation between the refined synthetic slag of the aluminum killed steel and the production of the aluminum killed steel, and solves the problems of thinner slag, poor desulfurization and drier slag possibly existing in the application process.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided to illustrate the production of an aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag and its method of use in detail, but are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The unit kg/t in the following examples represents how much kg of material is added per ton of molten steel.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel, which comprises the following steps:
the recovery of the refining slag and the application smelting of the synthetic slag are carried out in a converter with nominal capacity of 180t, the recovered refining slag is the residual refining slag after the smelting J30BDGB0 by adopting the conventional procedures in the field, and the smelting procedures comprise: KR pre-desulfurization-converter smelting-LF refining-continuous casting pouring, wherein the composition of the obtained refining slag is as follows in percentage by mass: the CaO content is 56.28 percent, and CaO and Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (C) is 1.8, the FeO content is 0.86%, the MnO content is 2.17%, and the SiO content is 0.86% 2 The content is 4.65%, the S content is 0.45%, the temperature is 1384 ℃ measured before pouring, the steel is uniformly poured on a 4m multiplied by 4m cooling steel plate, the driving weight is 1.6t, and the thickness of a splashing slag layer is 44mm.
686kg of limestone is uniformly distributed on the surface of slag by using a parallel distributor, and CaCO in the limestone is uniformly distributed 3 The content is 96.3%, the S content is 0.03%, and the granularity is 5-20mm.
The descending dust hood covers the refining slag cooling area and starts dust removal. After dedusting for 5 minutes, starting air cooling devices on two sides of the cooling area, and cooling the surface temperature of the synthetic slag to 88 ℃ after air cooling for 12 minutes.
And (3) shoveling the cooled synthetic slag out of the cooling area by using a bucket truck, crushing the synthetic slag blocks by using a jaw crusher, and screening out the synthetic slag with the granularity of 5-50mm by using a double-layer inclined screen.
The embodiment also provides a smelting method of the aluminum killed steel, which comprises KR pre-desulfurization-converter smelting-LF refining-continuous casting pouring, and specifically comprises the following steps:
after KR molten iron pretreatment, removing the molten iron desulfurization slag, and adding the molten iron desulfurization slag into a converter for smelting; the endpoint sulfur content of the converter is shown in table 2; after the smelting of the aluminum killed steel J40BNNB2 converter is finished, the free oxygen content of the molten steel is measured to 566ppm, after tapping is started, aluminum blocks, alloy and carbon powder are added according to the chemical components of the target steel grade, and when the tapping amount reaches 2/3 of the total amount, 4.17kg/t of synthetic slag is added, and the charging is completed before the tapping is finished.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 400NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified for slag melting, and the observation shows that slag in the ladle is completely melted and is in a white slag state, so that the process requirements of products are met, and lime and fluorite are not required to be added for further slag mixing. And adding alloy according to the target steel grade and the components of molten steel to obtain the target steel grade J40BNNB2, wherein the sulfur content in the molten steel is 0.0042%, the rest chemical components are as follows, heating to the molten steel temperature of 1582 ℃, and continuously casting to obtain the aluminum killed steel J40BNNB2.
The target steel grade J40 BNB 2 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: s:0.0042%, C:0.15%, si:0.06%, mn:0.19%, P:0.018%, cr:0.003%, al:0.013%, ti:0.001%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel, which comprises the following steps:
recovering refining slag and applying synthetic slag in a converter with nominal capacity of 180t, wherein the recovered refining slag is residual refining slag after smelting K40BNNZ0 by adopting the procedures in the prior art, and the smelting procedures comprise: KR pre-desulfurization-converter smelting-LF refining-continuous casting pouring, wherein the composition of the obtained refining slag is as follows in percentage by mass: the CaO content is 60.63 percent, and CaO and Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) 1, feO content of 0.76%, mnO content of 1.94%, siO 2 The content is 4.24%, the S content is 0.40%, the measured temperature is 1338 ℃ before pouring, the steel plate is uniformly poured on a 4m multiplied by 4m cooling steel plate, the driving weight is 1.8t, and the splashing thickness is 48mm.
771kg of limestone is uniformly distributed on the surface of slag by utilizing a parallel distributor, and CaCO in the limestone is uniformly distributed 3 The content is 96.3%, the S content is 0.03%, and the granularity is 5-20mm.
The descending dust hood covers the refining slag cooling area and starts dust removal. After 8 minutes of dust removal, starting air cooling devices on two sides of the cooling zone, and after 10 minutes of air cooling, cooling the surface temperature of the synthetic slag to 92 ℃.
And (3) shoveling the cooled synthetic slag out of the cooling area by using a bucket truck, crushing the synthetic slag blocks by using a jaw crusher, and screening out the synthetic slag with the granularity of 5-50mm by using a double-layer inclined screen.
The embodiment also provides a smelting method of the aluminum killed steel, which comprises KR pre-desulfurization-converter smelting-LF refining-continuous casting pouring, and specifically comprises the following steps:
after KR molten iron pretreatment, removing the molten iron desulfurization slag, and adding the molten iron desulfurization slag into a converter for smelting; the endpoint sulfur content of the converter is shown in table 2; after the smelting of the aluminum killed steel K45DZZZ0 converter is finished, the free oxygen content of molten steel is measured to 682ppm, after tapping is started, aluminum blocks, alloy and carbon powder are added according to the chemical components of the target steel grade, 3.33kg/t of synthetic slag is added when the tapping amount reaches 2/3 of the total amount, 1.11kg/t of lime is added, and the charging is completed before tapping is finished. After tapping, slag blocking is unsuccessful, a small amount of slag is removed from the molten steel, 1kg/t of slag is added again, and a 600NL/min ladle is opened for stirring for 2 minutes.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 600NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified for slag melting, and the observation shows that slag in the ladle is completely melted and is in a white slag state, so that the process requirements of products are met, and lime and fluorite are not required to be added for further slag mixing. And adding alloy according to the target steel grade and the components of molten steel to obtain the target steel grade K45DZZZ0, wherein the sulfur content in the molten steel is 0.0037%, the rest chemical components are as follows, heating to the molten steel temperature of 1578 ℃, and continuously casting to obtain the aluminum killed steel K45DZZZ0.
Wherein, the chemical components of the target steel K45DZZZ0 are as follows by mass percent: s:0.0037%, C:0.165%, si:0.13%, mn:1.43%, P:0.016%, cr:0.001%, al:0.03%, ti:0.015%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel, which comprises the following steps:
the recovery of the refining slag and the application smelting of the synthetic slag are carried out in a converter with nominal capacity of 180t, the recovered refining slag is the residual refining slag after the smelting J30BDGB0 by adopting the conventional procedures in the field, and the smelting procedures comprise: KR pre-desulfurization-converter smelting-LF refining-continuous casting pouring, wherein the composition of the obtained refining slag is as follows in percentage by mass: caO content56.14% of CaO and Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is 1.9, the FeO content is 0.81%, the MnO content is 1.22%, and the SiO content is 0.81% 2 The content is 3.98%, the S content is 0.12%, the measured temperature before pouring is 1321 ℃, the mixture is evenly poured on a 4m multiplied by 4m cooling steel plate, the driving weight is 1.5t, and the splashing thickness is 42mm.
750kg of limestone is uniformly distributed on the surface of slag by utilizing a parallel distributor, and CaCO in the limestone is uniformly distributed 3 The content is 97.2%, the S content is 0.02%, and the granularity is 5-20mm.
The descending dust hood covers the refining slag cooling area and starts dust removal. After 3 minutes, starting air cooling devices on two sides of the cooling zone, and after 13 minutes of air cooling, cooling the surface temperature of the synthetic slag to 94 ℃.
And (3) shoveling the cooled synthetic slag out of the cooling area by using a bucket truck, crushing the synthetic slag blocks by using a jaw crusher, and screening out the synthetic slag with the granularity of 5-50mm by using a double-layer inclined screen.
The embodiment also provides a smelting method of the aluminum killed steel, which comprises KR pre-desulfurization-converter smelting-LF refining-continuous casting pouring, and specifically comprises the following steps:
after KR molten iron pretreatment, removing the molten iron desulfurization slag, and adding the molten iron desulfurization slag into a converter for smelting; the endpoint sulfur content of the converter is shown in table 2; after the smelting of the aluminum killed steel K45DZZZ0 converter is finished, the free oxygen content of molten steel is measured to be 256ppm, after tapping is started, aluminum blocks, alloy and carbon powder are added according to the chemical components of the target steel grade, when the tapping amount reaches 2/3 of the total amount, 5.28kg/t of synthetic slag is added, and the charging is completed before the tapping is finished.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 400NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified for slag melting, and the observation shows that slag in the ladle is completely melted and is in a white slag state, so that the process requirements of products are met, and lime and fluorite are not required to be added for further slag mixing. And adding alloy according to the target steel grade and the components of molten steel to obtain the target steel grade K45DZZZ0, wherein the sulfur content in the molten steel is 0.0036 percent, the rest chemical components are as follows, heating to the temperature of the molten steel is 1588 ℃, and continuously casting to obtain the aluminum killed steel K45DZZZ0.
Wherein, the chemical components of the target steel K45DZZZ0 are as follows by mass percent: s:0.0036%, C:0.16%, si:0.14%, mn:1.45%, P:0.014%, cr:0.001%, al:0.035%, ti 0.014%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel.
The preparation method and process conditions are the same as in example 3.
The embodiment also provides a smelting method of the aluminum killed steel.
The smelting method is basically the same as that of example 3, except that the free oxygen content of molten steel at the end point of the converter is 278ppm, and 4.44kg/t of synthetic slag is added when the tapping amount reaches 2/3 of the total amount.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 400NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified for slagging, and a small amount of unmelted slag blocks in the ladle are observed to be in a near-white slag state, so that the technological requirements of products are not met. After 0.22kg/t of fluorite is added for slag adjustment, the slag in the ladle is found to be in a white slag state, so that the technological requirements of products are met.
Adding alloy according to the target steel grade and the components of molten steel to obtain the target steel grade K45DZZZ0, wherein the sulfur content in the molten steel is 0.0041%, the rest chemical components are as follows, heating to the molten steel temperature of 1575 ℃, and pouring to obtain the aluminum killed steel.
Wherein, the chemical components of the target steel K45DZZZ0 are as follows by mass percent: s:0.0041%, C:0.167%, si:0.15%, mn:1.48%, P:0.016%, cr:0.001%, al:0.045%, ti 0.012%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel.
The preparation method and process conditions are the same as in example 1.
The embodiment also provides a smelting method of the aluminum killed steel.
The smelting method is basically the same as that of example 1, except that the free oxygen content of molten steel at the end point of the converter is 442ppm, and 5.5kg/t of synthetic slag is added when the tapping amount reaches 2/3 of the total amount.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 400NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified for slag melting, and the observation shows that the slag in the ladle is completely melted, is thinner and is in a light green state and does not meet the technological requirements of products. And adding 0.34kg/t lime to adjust slag, and finding that slag in the ladle presents a white slag state, so that the technological requirements of products are met.
And adding alloy according to the target steel grade and the components of molten steel to obtain the target steel grade J40BNNB2, wherein the sulfur content in the molten steel is 0.0049%, the rest chemical components are as follows, heating to the molten steel temperature of 1577 ℃, and pouring to obtain the aluminum killed steel.
The target steel grade J40 BNB 2 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: s:0.0049%, C:0.162%, si:0.07%, mn:0.22%, P:0.019%, cr:0.004%, al:0.018%, ti:0.001%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel.
The preparation method and process conditions are the same as in example 2.
The embodiment also provides a smelting method of the aluminum killed steel.
The smelting method is basically the same as that of the embodiment 2, except that the free oxygen content of molten steel at the end point of a converter is 767ppm, and when the tapping amount reaches 2/3 of the total amount, 4.44kg/t of synthetic slag and 0.56kg/t of lime are added.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 600NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified for slag melting, and the observation shows that the slag in the ladle is completely melted, is thinner and is in a light green state, and slightly does not meet the technological requirements of products. And adding 0.48kg/t lime to adjust slag, and finding that slag in the ladle presents a white slag state, so that the technological requirements of products are met.
Adding alloy according to the target steel grade and the components of molten steel to obtain the target steel grade K45DZZ0, wherein the sulfur content in the molten steel is 0.0028%, the rest chemical components are as follows, heating to 1571 ℃ of molten steel, and pouring to obtain the aluminum killed steel.
Wherein, the chemical components of the target steel K45DZZZ0 are as follows by mass percent: s:0.0028%, C:0.155%, si:0.17%, mn:1.42%, P:0.013%, cr:0.001%, al:0.042%, ti:0.012%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel.
The preparation method and process conditions were substantially the same as in example 1, except that the amount of limestone uniformly distributed on the slag surface using a parallel distributor was 300kg.
The present comparative example also provides a method of smelting aluminum-killed steel refined synthetic slag, which is substantially the same as example 1, except that the 5-50mm finished refined synthetic slag produced in the present comparative example was used instead of the finished refined synthetic slag in example 1 to smelt aluminum-killed steel.
After the molten steel enters a station for refining, a 400NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified to remove slag, and the observation shows that the slag on the surface is completely melted but is dark green and does not meet the technological requirements of products. Adding lime to regulate slag, starting 400NL/min ladle bottom blowing stirring and electrifying to dissolve slag, and finding that slag in the ladle presents a white slag state after the lime dosage reaches 1.11kg/t, thereby meeting the technological requirements of products. The slag melting time is shown in table 2, the alloy is supplemented according to the target steel grade and the molten steel components, wherein the sulfur content in the molten steel is 0.0041%, the rest chemical components are as follows, the temperature of the molten steel is raised to 1585 ℃, and the aluminum killed steel J40BNNB2 is obtained after casting.
The target steel grade J40 BNB 2 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: s:0.0041%, C:0.168%, si:0.08%, mn:0.20%, P:0.020%, cr:0.001%, al:0.019%, ti:0.001%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel.
The preparation method and process conditions are basically the same as those of example 2, except that the limestone amount for uniformly feeding on the slag surface by using a parallel distributor is 1.6t.
The present comparative example also provides a method of smelting aluminum-killed steel refined synthetic slag, which is substantially the same as example 2, except that the 5-50mm finished refined synthetic slag produced in the present comparative example was used instead of the finished refined synthetic slag in example 2 to smelt aluminum-killed steel.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 600NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified to make slag, and a large amount of unmelted slag blocks are found on the surface slag through observation, so that the technological requirements of products are not met. Adding lime to regulate slag, starting 600NL/min ladle bottom blowing stirring and electrifying to dissolve slag, and finding that slag in the ladle presents a white slag state after the fluorite dosage reaches 0.56kg/t, thereby meeting the technological requirements of products. The slag melting time is shown in table 2, alloy is added according to the target steel grade and the molten steel components, wherein the sulfur content of the molten steel is 0.0036%, the rest chemical components are as follows, the temperature is raised to 1574 ℃, and the aluminum killed steel K45DZZZ0 is obtained after casting.
Wherein, the chemical components of the target steel K45DZZZ0 are as follows by mass percent: s:0.0036%, C:0.157%, si:0.168%, mn:1.43%, P:0.016%, cr:0.001%, al:0.043%, ti:0.013%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel.
The preparation method and the process conditions are basically the same as those of the example 1, except that CaO and Al in the refining slag 2 O 3 The mass content ratio was 1.2.
The present comparative example also provides a method of smelting aluminum-killed steel refined synthetic slag, which is substantially the same as example 1, except that the 5-50mm finished refined synthetic slag produced in the present comparative example was used instead of the finished refined synthetic slag in example 1 to smelt aluminum-killed steel.
After the molten steel enters a station for refining, a 400NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified to remove slag, and the observation shows that the slag on the surface is completely melted but is dark green and does not meet the technological requirements of products. Adding lime to regulate slag, starting 400NL/min ladle bottom blowing stirring and electrifying to dissolve slag, and finding that slag in the ladle presents a white slag state after the lime dosage is 0.85 kg/t. The process requirements of the product are met, the deslagging time is shown in table 2, alloy is added according to the target steel grade and the molten steel components, wherein the sulfur content of the molten steel is 0.0046%, the rest chemical components are as follows, the temperature of the molten steel is increased to 1576 ℃, and the aluminum killed steel J40BNNB2 is obtained after casting.
The target steel grade J40 BNB 2 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: s:0.0046%, C:0.162%, si:0.07%, mn:0.22%, P:0.019%, cr:0.004%, al:0.018%, ti:0.001%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a production method of refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel.
The preparation method and the process conditions are basically the same as those of the example 2, except that CaO and Al in the refining slag 2 O 3 The mass content ratio was 2.7.
The embodiment also provides a smelting method of the refined synthetic slag of the aluminum killed steel, which is basically the same as the embodiment 2, and the difference is that the refined synthetic slag of the 5-50mm finished product produced by the embodiment is used for smelting the aluminum killed steel instead of the refined synthetic slag of the finished product in the embodiment 2.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 600NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified to make slag, and part of unmelted slag blocks on the surface slag are observed to be found, so that the technological requirements of products are not met. Adding fluorite to regulate slag, starting a ladle of 500NL/min for bottom blowing stirring and electrifying to dissolve slag, and finding that the slag presents a white slag state after the fluorite dosage is 0.45kg/t, thereby meeting the technological requirements of products. The slag melting time is shown in table 2, alloy is added according to the target steel grade and the molten steel components, wherein the sulfur content of the molten steel is 0.0044%, the rest chemical components are as follows, the temperature is raised to 1579 ℃ of the molten steel, and the aluminum killed steel K45DZZZ0 is obtained after casting.
Wherein, the chemical components of the target steel K45DZZZ0 are as follows by mass percent: s:0.0044%, C:0.155%, si:0.166%, mn:1.40%, P:0.017%, cr:0.001%, al:0.039%, ti:0.016%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides a smelting method of aluminum killed steel.
The smelting method is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the refining synthetic slag produced in the embodiment 1 is not added, but 5.6kg/t lime and 1.2kg/t fluorite are added in batches in the LF refining process for slag adjustment for a plurality of times, and then the smelting of the aluminum killed steel is completed.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, a 400NL/min ladle is opened for bottom blowing stirring and electrified for slagging, and the slag in the ladle is observed to be completely agglomerated and is in a black state, so that the technological requirements of products are not met. And adding lime and fluorite into 3 batches averagely, electrifying and heating, starting a 400NL/min ladle to stir by bottom blowing and electrifying to remove slag, and finding that the slag presents a white slag state when the consumption of lime and fluorite reaches the consumption, wherein the slag removing time is shown in table 2. Alloy is added according to the target steel grade and the molten steel components, wherein the sulfur content of the molten steel is 0.0127%, the rest chemical components are heated to 1571 ℃ as follows, and the cast product is subjected to degradation treatment due to the fact that the sulfur content of the molten steel exceeds the technological requirements of the product.
The target steel grade J40 BNB 2 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: s:0.0127%, C:0.161%, si:0.08%, mn:0.23%, P:0.022%, cr:0.002%, al:0.020%, ti:0.001%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example provides a smelting method of aluminum killed steel.
The smelting method is the same as that of the embodiment 2, and the difference is that the refining synthetic slag produced in the embodiment 2 is not added, but 6.95kg/t lime and 1.01kg/t fluorite are added in batches in the LF refining process for slag adjustment for a plurality of times, and then the smelting of the aluminum killed steel is completed.
After the molten steel enters a station in refining, electrifying and heating, starting 600NL/min ladle bottom blowing stirring electrifying to melt slag, observing that the slag in the ladle is completely agglomerated and is in a black state, and not meeting the technological requirements of products. And adding lime and fluorite into 5 batches averagely, electrifying and heating, starting 600NL/min ladle bottom blowing stirring and electrifying to remove slag until the consumption of lime and fluorite reaches the consumption, and finding that the slag presents a white slag state, wherein the slag removing time is shown in table 2. Alloy is added according to the target steel grade and the molten steel components, the sulfur content of the molten steel is 0.0112 percent, the rest chemical components are heated to 1576 ℃ as follows, and the cast product is subjected to degradation treatment due to the fact that the sulfur content of the molten steel exceeds the technological requirements of the product.
Wherein, the chemical components of the target steel K45DZZZ0 are as follows by mass percent: s:0.0112%, C:0.157%, si:0.163%, mn:1.42%, P:0.016%, cr:0.003%, al:0.040%, ti:0.015%, and Fe and other unavoidable impurity elements.
Experimental example 1
Refining time and refining power consumption of each example and each comparative example were recorded during the aluminum killed steel smelting process, and are shown in table 1.
Wherein the refining time is from the time when the full ladle of molten steel enters the refining treatment position to the time when the ladle leaves the treatment position after refining. The refining time comprises ladle bottom blowing stirring slag melting time, and the time when the content of alloy elements in molten steel does not reach the standard is required to be continuously added with alloy for adjustment until the steel type component requirement is met.
The refining electricity consumption is the total consumption of the electric quantity of the melting slag and the molten steel heating electrode in the LF refining process.
Table 1 refining time and refining power consumption of example 1-example 6 and comparative example 1-comparative example 6
As can be seen from the results in the table, the refining time can be shortened and the power consumption of refining can be reduced by using the refining synthetic slag prepared by the method for smelting the aluminum killed steel. In comparative example 5 and comparative example 6, the smelting and refining time and the refining electricity consumption of the aluminum killed steel by adopting lime and fluorite are far higher than those of the aluminum killed steelTest results of example 1 and example 2. In addition, the ratio of the refining slag to the limestone in the refining synthetic slag and the CaO and the Al in the refining slag 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) has influence on the refining time and refining electricity consumption of the refining synthetic slag in the aluminum killed steel smelting process, and the ratio of the refining slag to limestone, caO and Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is too high or too low, so that the refining time of aluminum killed steel smelting can be increased, and the power consumption of refining can be increased. As can be seen from the results of examples 4 to 6, it is also necessary to measure the free oxygen content in molten steel and add a prescribed amount of refining slag according to the free oxygen content before adding the refining slag, and adding too much or too little refining slag increases refining time and increases refining power consumption.
Experimental example 2
And calculating the desulfurization rate of the tapping process according to the converter endpoint sulfur content-LF in-process sulfur content and the following formula, wherein the desulfurization rate of the tapping process is = (converter endpoint sulfur content-LF in-process sulfur content)/converter endpoint sulfur content is 100%. And detecting the chemical components of each element in the steel by using a direct-reading spectrometer. The slag melting time is the time from the addition of the slag melting agent to the complete melting (total melting means that the refining slag is completely red and hot and has no blocky slag, and the color of the solidified slag is white slag) by naked eye observation.
The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 table of test results for example 1-example 6 and comparative example 1-comparative example 6
As can be seen from the results in Table 2, the refining synthetic slag prepared by the method can shorten the slag melting time in the aluminum killed steel smelting process and improve the desulfurization rate. Compared with comparative examples 5 and 6 using limestone and fluorite, the refining synthetic slag of the present invention has the effects of increasing desulfurization rate and reducing slag melting timeHas obvious improvement. In addition, the ratio of the refining slag to the limestone in the refining synthetic slag and the CaO and the Al in the refining slag 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) has an influence on the desulfurization efficiency and the slagging time of the refined synthetic slag in the aluminum killed steel smelting process, and the ratio of the refined slag to limestone, caO and Al 2 O 3 The too high or too low ratio can increase the slag melting time of aluminum killed steel smelting and reduce the desulfurization efficiency. Adding a specified amount of refining synthetic slag according to the free oxygen content in molten steel also has an effect on desulfurization efficiency and slagging time in the aluminum-killed steel refining process, and adding refining synthetic slag higher or lower than the specified amount in molten steel also reduces desulfurization efficiency and increases slagging time in the aluminum-killed steel refining process.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The production method of the refined synthetic slag of the aluminum killed steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: covering limestone on the surface of the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag according to the mass ratio of the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag to the limestone of 4:1-3:2 to obtain mixed slag, and crushing after dedusting and cooling to obtain the aluminum killed steel liquid refining slag; the CaO in the liquid refining slag is 50-60% by mass percent; caO and Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is 1.5-2.5; the total amount of FeO and MnO is less than or equal to 5%, siO 2 ≤5％，S≤0.5％。
2. The method for producing refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel according to claim 1, wherein the refined slag of aluminum killed steel is sprayed onto a cooled steel plate and then covered with limestone, wherein the single spraying amount is less than or equal to 2 tons, and the thickness of a sprayed slag layer is less than or equal to 50mm.
3. The method for producing refined synthetic slag of aluminum killed steel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cooling temperature is equal to or less than 100 ℃, the cooling time is 10-15min, and the dust removal time is 15-20min.
4. A method of producing aluminium killed steel refined synthetic slag according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the particle size of the mixed slag after crushing is 5 to 50mm.
5. The method for producing aluminum killed steel refined slag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature of the aluminum killed steel liquid refined slag is 1200 to 1400 ℃.
6. The method for producing aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the particle size of the limestone is 5 to 20mm; the limestone comprises CaCO in the components in percentage by mass 3 ≥95％，S≤0.05％。
7. An aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag produced by the production method of the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag of any one of claims 1-6.
8. The smelting method of the aluminum killed steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag of claim 7 is added during tapping.
9. The method for using the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag according to claim 8, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum killed steel refined synthetic slag is determined according to the free oxygen content in the tapping molten steel, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the free oxygen content of molten steel is less than or equal to 300ppm, adding 5kg/t < the weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 6kg/t; when the free oxygen content of 300ppm < molten steel is less than or equal to 600ppm, adding 4kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5.5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of molten steel is more than 600ppm, adding 3kg/t < the weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5kg/t, and adding 0.5-1.5kg/t lime;
preferably, when the free oxygen content of molten steel is less than or equal to 300ppm, 5kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5.5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of 300ppm < molten steel is less than or equal to 600ppm, adding 4kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 5kg/t; when the free oxygen content of molten steel is more than 600ppm, 3kg/t < weight of refined synthetic slag is less than or equal to 4kg/t, and 1-1.5kg/t lime is added.
10. The method for using the aluminum-killed steel refined synthetic slag according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the aluminum-killed steel refined synthetic slag is added with 1-1.5kg/t synthetic slag when tapping of a converter fails and slag tapping occurs, and a ladle of 400-600NL/min is opened for stirring for 2-4 minutes.
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