CN116693203A - Microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116693203A CN116693203A CN202310754788.4A CN202310754788A CN116693203A CN 116693203 A CN116693203 A CN 116693203A CN 202310754788 A CN202310754788 A CN 202310754788A CN 116693203 A CN116693203 A CN 116693203A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006064 precursor glass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000174 eucryptite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006058 strengthened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052674 natrolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 mobile phones Substances 0.000 description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- WVMPCBWWBLZKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium oxido-[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O WVMPCBWWBLZKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061876 Obstruction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005407 aluminoborosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008395 clarifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003280 down draw process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940030980 inova Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0018—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and monovalent metal oxide as main constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B25/00—Annealing glass products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B32/00—Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups C03B19/00, C03B25/00 - C03B31/00 or C03B37/00, e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities; Hot-pressing vitrified, non-porous, shaped glass products
- C03B32/02—Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of glass production and manufacturing, in particular to microcrystalline glass and a preparation method thereof. The microcrystalline glass provided by the application comprises the following components in percentage by mass 2 36％～55％、Al 2 O 3 25％～35％、Li 2 O 0～4.8％、Na 2 O 4.2～14％、K 2 O 3.02～5％、TiO 2 1～6％、ZrO 2 1 to 3.9 percent and P 2 O 5 3 to 8 percent. The microcrystalline glass with the components in percentage by mass has higher transmittance and mechanical property, can meet the applicable requirements of cover plate glass, has lower raw material cost and is beneficial to industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of glass production and manufacturing, in particular to microcrystalline glass and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The development of the electronic information industry drives the popularization and popularity of electronic terminals such as smart phones, tablet computers and the like, and the demand for cover glass such as mobile phones, tablet screen cover plates, notebook computer screen protection cover plates and the like is also increasing, and the cover glass applied to the above scenes is required to have higher optical and mechanical properties.
The performance improvements of conventional glasses have been approaching a limit, but still do not meet market demand. The microcrystalline glass can be used as a novel cover plate material to effectively improve the optical and mechanical properties of the glass by utilizing crystals in the glass. The traditional glass ceramics are mainly lithium aluminum silicon systems, but the cost of lithium raw materials is high, and the production and the application of the glass ceramics are limited. The microcrystalline glass of the magnesium aluminum silicon system has the problems of lower crystallinity and incapability of effective strengthening.
Therefore, there is a need for glass ceramics that can meet the transmittance and mechanical properties requirements of cover glass, and that has low raw material costs.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a glass ceramic having higher transmittance and mechanical properties and lower cost, and a preparation method thereof.
In one aspect of the application, a glass ceramic is provided, and the glass ceramic comprises the following components in percentage by mass 2 36％～55％、Al 2 O 3 25％～35％、Li 2 O 0～4.8％、Na 2 O 4.2～14％、K 2 O3.02～5％、TiO 2 1～6％、ZrO 2 1 to 3.9 percent and P 2 O 5 3％～8％。
In one embodiment, the glass-ceramic comprises SiO as a component in mass fraction 2 40％～50％、Al 2 O 3 26％～35％、Li 2 O 0.1～3％、Na 2 O 5～12％、K 2 O 3.7～5％、TiO 2 1～5％、ZrO 2 3% -3.9% and P 2 O 5 4％～6％。
In one embodiment, the crystalline phases of the glass-ceramic include a first crystalline phase and a second crystalline phase; the first crystalline phase is one or more of eucryptite, natrolite and natural nepheline, and the second crystalline phase is one or more of spodumene, spodumene solid solution, quartz solid solution, petalite and albite.
In one embodiment, the microcrystalline glass comprises TiO as a component in mass percent 2 、ZrO 2 P 2 O 5 The sum of mass fractions of (2) is 5% -12%; and/or
Among the components of the microcrystalline glass, li 2 O、Na 2 O and K 2 The sum of the mass fractions of O is 7.23-18%.
In one embodiment, the microcrystalline glass comprises TiO as a component in mass percent 2 +ZrO 2 +P 2 O 5 /SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is 0.058-0.18.
In still another aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the glass ceramics, which includes the following steps:
weighing raw materials according to the mixing proportion of the components contained in the microcrystalline glass, mixing the raw materials, and heating to prepare molten liquid;
homogenizing, forming and annealing the molten liquid to prepare precursor glass;
and carrying out heat treatment on the precursor glass to prepare the microcrystalline glass.
In one embodiment, the heating temperature is 1530-1620 ℃ and the time is 4-10 hours; and/or the annealing temperature is 550-630 ℃ and the annealing time is 4-8 hours; and/or the temperature of the heat treatment is 550-850 ℃ and the time is 1-12 hours.
In still another aspect, the present application provides a tempered glass prepared by chemically strengthening the glass ceramic.
In one embodiment, the chemical strengthening includes the steps of:
placing the glass ceramics into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and preserving heat for 2-12 hours at the temperature of 370-490 ℃ to perform first ion exchange, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium nitrate to the potassium nitrate is 90: 10-20: 80;
placing the microcrystalline glass subjected to the first ion exchange into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and preserving heat for 0.5-8 hours at the temperature of 370-490 ℃ for carrying out the second ion exchange, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium nitrate to the potassium nitrate is 40:60 to 0:100.
in yet another aspect of the present application, an electronic screen is provided comprising the tempered glass.
The microcrystalline glass with the components in percentage by mass has higher transmittance and mechanical property, can meet the applicable requirements of cover plate glass, has lower raw material cost and is beneficial to industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described more fully hereinafter in order to facilitate an understanding of the present application. Preferred embodiments of the present application are set forth below. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The microcrystalline glass and the preparation method thereof provided by the application are specifically described below.
In one aspect of the application, a glass ceramic is provided, and the glass ceramic comprises the following components in percentage by mass 2 36％～55％、Al 2 O 3 25％～35％、Li 2 O 0～4.8％、Na 2 O 4.2～14％、K 2 O3.02～5％、TiO 2 1～6％、ZrO 2 1 to 3.9 percent and P 2 O 5 3％～8％。
Silicon dioxide (SiO) 2 ) Is a main component constituting a glass network skeleton. SiO (SiO) 2 Can improve the mechanical strength, chemical stability and thermal stability of the glass. SiO (SiO) 2 Is also the main component in petalite, spodumene, lithium metasilicate, lithium disilicate, lithium phosphate and quartz crystal. By controlling SiO 2 Content of (A) adjusting crystal species, e.g. SiO 2 The higher content precursor glass is more likely to produce a higher proportion of quartz crystals after heat treatment. When SiO 2 When the content of (2) is lower than 36%, the network integrity of the glass melt is reduced, and the stability is reduced; when SiO 2 When the content exceeds 55%, the viscosity of the glass at high temperature increases, which is not advantageous for industrial production of the composition. Therefore, siO is the component of the glass ceramics 2 The mass fraction of the catalyst is 36-55%, siO 2 Including but not limited to: 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55% or any number aboveThe values are within the composition range.
Alumina (Al) 2 O 3 ) The glass network structure can be more complete, and the chemical stability, the elastic modulus and the hardness of the glass are improved. Free oxygen and Al in aluminoborosilicate glass 3+ Formation of [ AlO ] 4 ]Tetrahedra form larger void channels in the network structure of the glass, facilitating alkali ion exchange to achieve greater surface compressive stress and stress layer depth. Al (Al) 2 O 3 Is the main component of petalite and spodumene crystal. By increasing Al 2 O 3 The content of lithium silicate is reduced. Also can be prepared by adjusting Al 2 O 3 The size of the three-dimensional framework structure of the glass ceramics is regulated. Among the components of the microcrystalline glass, al 2 O 3 And (3) is 25% to 35% by mass including, but not limited to, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35% or any range of values above.
Lithium oxide (Li) 2 O) is an ideal fluxing agent in the glass component due to Li + The polarization characteristic of the glass can effectively reduce the high-temperature viscosity at high temperature and improve the meltability and the formability of the glass. At the same time Li + Is favorable for secondary chemical strengthening of glass and improves the strength. The application uses NaNO in the strengthening process 3 With KNO 3 Through Li in glass + With Na in molten salt + The ion exchange is carried out, so that the depth of the compressive stress layer can be increased in a shorter time, and the glass has more excellent mechanical impact resistance. Among the components of the microcrystalline glass, li 2 The mass percentage of O is 0% -4.8%, including but not limited to 0.2%, 1%, 1.6%, 2%, 2.8%, 3.2%, 3%, 3.6%, 4.1%, 4.3%, 4.5%, 4.8% or any numerical value of the above ranges, preferably 0.1% -3%, if the mass percentage is higher than 4.8%, the amount of ions in the glass is excessive, resulting in a significant increase in the expansion coefficient of the glass, and the tendency of devitrification of the glass is too high, and the probability of stone defects generated by the glass is significantly increased.
Sodium oxide (Na) 2 O) in glassAs an external network body, has the effect of reducing the melting temperature of the precursor glass, and can also be used for controlling the viscosity of the glass during crystallization, inhibiting deformation or adverse thermal expansion, but Na 2 Too high an O content may decrease the chemical stability of the glass. Na (Na) 2 O and K 2 O does not participate in crystallization, but can promote crystallization of lithium metasilicate and inhibit crystallization of petalite, spodumene and lithium disilicate. Excessive Na 2 O may cause the three-dimensional framework structure of the crystal to form a package for the residual glass phase, preventing the exchange of large ions in the molten salt to a deeper depth. Among the components of the microcrystalline glass, na 2 The mass percent of O is 4.2% -14%, including but not limited to 4.2%, 4.8%, 5.3%, 6.6%, 7.6%, 8.7%, 9.2%, 10.3%, 11.2%, 12.6%, 13.5%, 14% or any numerical range above.
Potassium oxide (K) 2 O) and Na 2 O has similar properties, and K is added simultaneously 2 O and Na 2 The O can generate mixed alkali effect, improve the high-temperature melting and clarifying performance of the glass and promote chemical strengthening. But when K 2 When the content of O is too high, the ion exchange capacity of the glass decreases. K is the component of the microcrystalline glass 2 The mass percent of O is 3.02% -5%, including but not limited to 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.2%, 5% or any numerical range above.
Titanium oxide (TiO) 2 ) Is a component which helps to reduce the melting temperature of glass and improve chemical stability. 1 to 6 percent of TiO is introduced into the components of the microcrystalline glass 2 The crystallization process of the glass can be controlled more easily. In particular, tiO in the components of the microcrystalline glass 2 Including but not limited to 1%, 2.1%, 3.2%, 3.6%, 4.1%, 4.6%, 5.1%, 5.7%, 6% or any number thereof.
Zirconia (ZrO) 2 ) Can strengthen the ion exchange power of the glass, improve the hardness and Young's modulus of the glass and the weather resistance and the stability of the glass, but the excess ZrO 2 The melting temperature of the glass will rise substantially. Thus, the microZrO among the components of the crystal glass 2 Is 1% to 3.9% by mass, including but not limited to 1%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 3%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9% or any number thereof.
Phosphorus oxide (P) 2 O 5 ) Has the functions of fluxing and promoting glass phase separation. Also by adjusting P 2 O 5 The content of (2) controls the glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature. P (P) 2 O 5 Can lead to the production of phosphate crystals while increasing the proportion of phosphate crystals. P (P) 2 O 5 The method can improve the overall proportion of crystals in the glass ceramic, control the change of the grain size, promote the formation of a three-dimensional framework structure of the crystals, promote the residual glass phase to present a three-dimensional communication structure, and improve the depth of ion exchange. P in the components of the microcrystalline glass 2 O 5 Is 3% to 8% by mass, including but not limited to 3%, 3.4%, 4.5%, 5.6%, 6.7%, 7.2%, 7.9%, 8% or any number thereof.
Further, the microcrystalline glass provided by the application does not comprise Sb 2 O 3 Or As 2 O 3 。
Further, the microcrystalline glass provided by the application does not comprise the components such as Sb 2 O 3 Or As 2 O 3 And clarifying agents.
Further, the components of the microcrystalline glass provided by the application do not comprise B 2 O 3 The cost can be reduced and the environmental pollution can be reduced.
In one example, the glass-ceramic comprises SiO as a component in mass fraction 2 40％～50％、Al 2 O 3 26％～35％、Li 2 O 0.1～3％、Na 2 O 5～12％、K 2 O 3.7～5％、TiO 2 1～5％、ZrO 2 3% -3.9% and P 2 O 5 4％～6％。
In one example, the crystalline phases of the glass-ceramic include a first crystalline phase and a second crystalline phase. Further, the first crystalline phase includes one or more of eucryptite, eucryptite and natural nepheline.
Further, the second crystal phase includes one or more of spodumene, spodumene solid solution, quartz solid solution, petalite, and albite.
In one example, the microcrystalline glass comprises TiO 2 、ZrO 2 P 2 O 5 The sum of the mass fractions of the components is 5 to 12 percent.
Further, in the components of the microcrystalline glass, tiO 2 、ZrO 2 P 2 O 5 As a composite nucleating agent. In the nucleation process, the field intensity of the phosphorus oxide is high, so that differential phase separation is easy to cause, and crystallization is induced; and can attract titanium ions and zirconium ions to gather, and promote crystallization through nucleation-growth processes. Specifically, tiO 2 、ZrO 2 P 2 O 5 The sum of the mass fractions of (c) may be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11% or 12%.
In one example, in the components of the microcrystalline glass, li is calculated by mass percent 2 O、Na 2 O and K 2 The sum of the mass fractions of O is 7.23-18%. Specifically, li 2 O、Na 2 O and K 2 The sum of the mass fractions of O may be 7.3%, 7.5%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17% or 18%.
In one example, the microcrystalline glass comprises TiO 2 +ZrO 2 +P 2 O 5 /SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is 0.058-0.18. The ratio is controlled in the range, abnormal growth of crystal grains caused by overhigh or overlow ratio can be avoided, the transparency and mechanical property of the glass are further affected, the grain size is easy to control when the ratio is in the range, the grain size is uniform, the strengthening is facilitated, and the glass with better performance can be obtained. In particular, tiO in the components of the microcrystalline glass 2 +ZrO 2 +P 2 O 5 /SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 May be of the ratio of0.058, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.10, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, or 0.18.
In still another aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the glass ceramics, which includes the following steps:
s110: and weighing raw materials according to the mixing proportion of the components contained in the microcrystalline glass, mixing the raw materials, and heating to prepare molten liquid.
In one example, the heating is performed at a temperature of 1530 to 1620 ℃ for a period of 4 to 10 hours.
S120: homogenizing, forming and annealing the molten liquid to prepare the precursor glass.
In one example, the annealing is performed at a temperature of 550 to 630 ℃ for a time of 4 to 8 hours.
S130: and carrying out heat treatment on the precursor glass to prepare the microcrystalline glass.
In one example, the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 550 to 850 ℃ for a time of 1 to 12 hours.
Further, the step of heat treatment includes a first heat treatment step and a second heat treatment step, the first heat treatment step being: preserving heat for 4-10 hours at 550-720 ℃, wherein the second heat treatment step comprises the following steps: preserving heat for 1-4 hours at 700-850 ℃.
The molding method is not limited, and in the case of a large yield, any one of a float method, an overflow method, a downdraw method, and the like may be used. The method provided by the present examples is merely an example and is not limited to this method.
In still another aspect of the present application, there is provided a tempered glass obtained by chemically tempering the glass ceramic.
In one example, the chemical strengthening includes the steps of:
s110: placing the glass ceramics into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and preserving heat for 2-12 hours at the temperature of 370-490 ℃ to perform first ion exchange, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium nitrate to the potassium nitrate is 90: 10-20: 80. specifically, the temperature of the first ion exchange may be 370 ℃, 380 ℃, 390 ℃, 400 ℃, 410 ℃, 420 ℃, 430 ℃, 440 ℃, 450 ℃, 460 ℃, 470 ℃, 480 ℃, or 490 ℃. The mass ratio of sodium nitrate to potassium nitrate of the first ion exchange may be 90: 10. 80: 20. 70: 30. 60: 40. 50: 50. 40: 60. 30:70 or 20:80.
s120: placing the microcrystalline glass subjected to the first ion exchange into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and preserving heat for 0.5-8 hours at the temperature of 370-490 ℃ for carrying out the second ion exchange, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium nitrate to the potassium nitrate is 40:60 to 0:100. specifically, the temperature of the second ion exchange may be 370 ℃, 380 ℃, 390 ℃, 400 ℃, 410 ℃, 420 ℃, 430 ℃, 440 ℃, 450 ℃, 460 ℃, 470 ℃, 480 ℃, or 490 ℃. The mass ratio of sodium nitrate to potassium nitrate of the second ion exchange may be 40: 60. 30: 70. 20:80. 10:90 or 0:100.
the preparation method of the tempered glass is simple and easy to operate, can effectively reduce cost, has controllable crystal growth process, and can not cause the problems of abnormal growth of crystal grains and the like. The reinforced glass obtained by the preparation method has higher hardness and transmittance, and can meet the use requirement of cover plate glass.
In one example, the tempered glass has a transmittance of 80.4% to 91.9% in the range of 380nm to 800 nm. Specifically, the transmittance of the tempered glass in the range of 380nm to 800nm may be 80.4%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 91.9% or any numerical value composition thereof.
In one example, the strengthened glass has a vickers hardness of 663MPa to 798MPa. Specifically, the vickers hardness of the tempered glass may be 663MPa, 670MPa, 680MPa, 690MPa, 700MPa, 710MPa, 720MPa, 730MPa, 740MPa, 750MPa, 760MPa, 770MPa, 780MPa, 790MPa, 798MPa or a range of any of the above numerical compositions.
In one example, the strength of stress of the tempered glass is 1455MPa to 1554MPa. Specifically, the stress intensity of the tempered glass may be in the range of 1455MPa, 1460MPa, 1470MPa, 1480MPa, 1490MPa, 1500MPa, 1510MPa, 1520MPa, 1530MPa, 1540MPa, 1550MPa, 1554MPa or any of the above numerical compositions.
In one example, the stress layer depth DOL of the tempered glass is 32 μm to 47 μm. Specifically, the stress layer depth DOL of the tempered glass may be in a range of 32 μm, 33 μm, 34 μm, 35 μm, 36 μm, 37 μm, 38 μm, 39 μm, 40 μm, 41 μm, 42 μm, 43 μm, 44 μm, 45 μm, 46 μm, 47 μm or any value composition thereof.
In one example, the strengthened glass has a stress value of 0 and a depth dol—0 of 81 μm to 128 μm. Specifically, the depth DOL_0 of stress value 0 of the tempered glass may be in a range of any of 81 μm, 82 μm, 85 μm, 90 μm, 95 μm, 100 μm, 105 μm, 110 μm, 115 μm, 120 μm, 125 μm, 128 μm or more.
In yet another aspect, the application provides an electronic screen comprising the glass-ceramic or the tempered glass.
In one example, the method for preparing the tempered glass comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing raw materials according to the components of the microcrystalline glass, and uniformly mixing;
(2) Placing the mixed raw materials into a platinum or alumina crucible, melting at 1530-1620 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-10 hours to prepare a molten liquid;
(3) Homogenizing the melt, pouring and forming, and annealing for 4-8 hours at 550-630 ℃ to prepare precursor glass;
(4) Placing the precursor glass into a muffle furnace, and preserving heat for 1-12 hours at 550-850 ℃ to prepare the microcrystalline glass;
(5) Cutting the microcrystalline glass into glass sheets with the thickness of 0.7-0.8 mm, and grinding and polishing to obtain glass sheets with the thickness of 0.5-0.6 mm;
(6) Placing the glass flake into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and preserving heat for 2-12 hours at the temperature of 370-490 ℃ to perform first ion exchange, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium nitrate to the potassium nitrate is 90: 10-20: 80;
(7) Placing the glass sheet subjected to the first ion exchange into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and preserving heat for 0.5-8 hours at the temperature of 370-490 ℃ for carrying out the second ion exchange, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium nitrate to the potassium nitrate is 40:60 to 0:100, a strengthened glass is obtained.
And carrying out physical and chemical property test on the microcrystalline glass and the reinforced glass.
Examples and comparative examples of the present application glass surface vickers hardness was tested by referring to GB/T4340 standard using inova FALCON vickers hardness tester; using a GBC Cintra ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer, and referring to the GB/T40415 standard, testing the transmittance (namely the visible light transmittance) of the ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 380-800 nm; surface compressive stress and stress layer depth were tested by using FSM 600LE, as per standards GB/T18144-2008 and ASTM 1422C-99; the grain size of the glass was tested by FEI Quanta Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
It can be understood that the above test method and test equipment are common methods for evaluating glass related properties in the industry, but are only means for characterizing or evaluating the technical scheme and effect of the present application, and other test methods and test equipment can be used without affecting the final result.
The following are specific examples.
Examples 1 to 50 and comparative examples 1 to 10
The microcrystalline glass and the tempered glass provided in examples 1 to 50 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were prepared as follows:
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the mass percentages of the components in the table 1, and uniformly mixing;
(2) Placing the mixed raw materials into a platinum or alumina crucible, melting at 1530-1620 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-10 hours to prepare a molten liquid;
(3) Homogenizing the melt, pouring and forming, and annealing for 4-8 hours at 550-630 ℃ to prepare precursor glass;
(4) Placing the precursor glass into a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 4-10 hours at 550-720 ℃, performing first heat treatment, preserving heat for 1-4 hours at 700-850 ℃ and performing second heat treatment to obtain microcrystalline glass;
(5) Cutting the microcrystalline glass into glass sheets with the thickness of 0.8mm, and grinding and polishing to obtain glass sheets with the thickness of 0.6 mm;
(6) The glass flake is placed in mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate at 370-490 ℃ and treated for 2-12 hours to carry out first ion exchange;
(7) And (3) placing the glass sheet subjected to the first ion exchange into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate at the temperature of 370-490 ℃, treating for 0.5-8 hours, and performing the second ion exchange to obtain the reinforced glass.
The specific temperatures and times during the preparation are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 Components
TABLE 2 heat treatment conditions and chemical strengthening conditions
The tempered glasses prepared in examples 1 to 50 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were examined, and the examination results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 test of the performance of tempered glass
The comparative example 1 has too little silica content and high alumina content, and the precursor glass is not easily formed. The microcrystalline glass formed after heat treatment has low crystal content and small grain size, and the vickers hardness, the surface compressive stress and the stress depth of the glass after chemical strengthening are low. The comparative example 2 contains excessive alumina, which brings a certain difficulty to melting, and also causes abnormal growth of crystals of glass in the crystallization process, and affects the transparency and hardness of the glass, so that the glass is lower than the use requirement. The comparative example 3 has too little alumina content to make the formation of crystals in the glass difficult and has low crystallinity, resulting in the prepared glass having low hardness and surface compressive stress and failing to meet the use requirements although the transmittance can meet the requirements. In comparative example 4, too much lithium oxide was used as a raw material, and although it was effective in promoting the formation of lithium metasilicate in glass and beneficial to glass properties, the introduction of too much lithium oxide resulted in a sudden increase in the cost of the raw material, and the cost requirement could not be met. The lower content of sodium oxide in comparative example 5 increases the difficulty of melting on the one hand, and also because the absence of sodium oxide results in the formation of the main crystalline phase, nepheline, which is less in surface compressive stress and stress depth of the glass after chemical strengthening treatment. The sodium oxide content in comparative example 6 was too high, which resulted in loosening of the structure of the glass itself, and further resulted in a decrease in hardness of the glass after crystallization and chemical strengthening, and too much sodium oxide resulted in abnormal growth of crystals in the glass, which decreased the transmittance of the glass. The titanium oxide content in comparative example 7 was too small, resulting in the formation of crystals mainly on the surface of the glass, and the content of crystals in the glass after processing was greatly reduced, resulting in a decrease in the hardness of the glass itself; meanwhile, the surface crystals obstruct ion exchange in the chemical strengthening process, so that the surface stress of the glass is reduced, the ion exchange depth is reduced, and the performance requirements cannot be met. The titanium oxide content in comparative example 8 was too high, resulting in yellowing and blackening of the molten glass, and after heat treatment and chemical strengthening, the resulting glass still had a darker color, and the transmittance was low, failing to meet the use requirements. The high zirconia content in comparative example 9 greatly increases the difficulty in glass melting, and the glass contains white refractory materials and a large number of bubbles, which seriously affects the quality of the prepared glass. The crystals in the prepared microcrystalline glass are also grown abnormally, so that the usability of the glass is greatly reduced. Too much phosphorus oxide in comparative example 10 also increases the viscosity and difficulty of glass melting, affects the quality of the glass body, and cannot be subjected to subsequent treatment and processing.
The technical features of the above-described comparative examples may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features of the above-described comparative examples are not described for the sake of brevity, however, they should be considered as the scope of the description of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above comparative examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The microcrystalline glass is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass 2 36％～55％、Al 2 O 3 25％～35％、Li 2 O 0～4.8％、Na 2 O 4.2～14％、K 2 O 3.02～5％、TiO 2 1～6％、ZrO 2 1 to 3.9 percent and P 2 O 5 3％～8％。
2. The glass-ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the glass-ceramic comprises, in mass fraction, siO 2 40％～50％、Al 2 O 3 26％～35％、Li 2 O 0.1～3％、Na 2 O 5～12％、K 2 O 3.7～5％、TiO 2 1～5％、ZrO 2 3% -3.9% and P 2 O 5 4％～6％。
3. The glass-ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the crystalline phases of the glass-ceramic include a first crystalline phase and a second crystalline phase; the first crystalline phase is one or more of eucryptite, natrolite and natural nepheline, and the second crystalline phase is one or more of spodumene, spodumene solid solution, quartz solid solution, petalite and albite.
4. The glass-ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the glass-ceramic comprises, in mass fraction, tiO 2 、ZrO 2 P 2 O 5 The sum of mass fractions of (2) is 5% -12%; and/or Li in the components of the microcrystalline glass 2 O、Na 2 O and K 2 The sum of the mass fractions of O is 7.23-18%.
5. The glass-ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the glass-ceramic comprises, in mass fraction, tiO 2 +ZrO 2 +P 2 O 5 /SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 The ratio of (2) is 0.058-0.18.
6. A method for producing a glass ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
weighing raw materials according to the mixing proportion of the components contained in the microcrystalline glass, mixing the raw materials, and heating to prepare molten liquid;
homogenizing, forming and annealing the molten liquid to prepare precursor glass;
and carrying out heat treatment on the precursor glass to prepare the microcrystalline glass.
7. The method for producing glass ceramics according to claim 6, wherein the heating temperature is 1530 to 1630 ℃ for 4 to 10 hours; and/or the annealing temperature is 550-630 ℃ and the annealing time is 4-8 hours; and/or the temperature of the heat treatment is 550-850 ℃ and the time is 1-12 hours.
8. A tempered glass produced by chemically tempering the glass ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. The strengthened glass of claim 8, wherein the chemical strengthening comprises the steps of:
placing the glass ceramics into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and preserving heat for 2-12 hours at the temperature of 370-490 ℃ to perform first ion exchange, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium nitrate to the potassium nitrate is 90: 10-20: 80;
placing the microcrystalline glass subjected to the first ion exchange into mixed molten salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, and preserving heat for 0.5-8 hours at the temperature of 370-490 ℃ for carrying out the second ion exchange, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium nitrate to the potassium nitrate is 40:60 to 0:100.
10. an electronic screen comprising the tempered glass of any one of claims 8 to 9.
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