CN116677379A - Mineral exploitation method and mineral exploitation system - Google Patents
Mineral exploitation method and mineral exploitation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116677379A CN116677379A CN202310816296.3A CN202310816296A CN116677379A CN 116677379 A CN116677379 A CN 116677379A CN 202310816296 A CN202310816296 A CN 202310816296A CN 116677379 A CN116677379 A CN 116677379A
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 58
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral exploitation, in particular to a mineral exploitation method and a mineral exploitation system. The mineral exploitation method comprises the following steps: using a tunneling mode of spacing one row of tunnels, automatically tunneling each layer of tunnels in at least one layer of tunnels by using a tunneling machine so as to cut and acquire mineral products; transporting the obtained mineral products through a reversed loader matched with the heading machine and a self-moving tail matched with the heading machine; supporting a roadway where the heading machine is located and protecting equipment in the roadway through a self-moving hydraulic support which keeps a preset safety distance with the heading machine; and backfilling the roadway tunneled by the tunnelling machine through a backfilling device. The invention can improve the bearing capacity of the roadway, realize 'under three', improve the utilization rate of mineral resources, reduce the possibility of damage of ground surface attachments, improve the safety of equipment, realize unmanned operation and reduce the residue of supporting equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral exploitation, in particular to a mineral exploitation method and a mineral exploitation system.
Background
In mineral exploitation, it is often necessary to exploit mineral resources located underground. "under three" mining generally refers to mining of deposits located under bodies of water, buildings and pavement.
In the related art, the load bearing capacity of the stratum above the mineral resources is reduced by the influence of the exploitation of the mineral resources. The bearing capacity is reduced, so that the earth surface is damaged, and earth surface attachments such as water bodies, buildings, railways and the like are damaged. In order to avoid damage to the surface attachments, it is necessary or impossible to mine deeper areas under water, buildings and pavement, resulting in low utilization of mineral resources.
Therefore, there is a need to design a mineral exploitation method and a mineral exploitation system to realize 'three-step' exploitation and improve the utilization rate of mineral resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.
Therefore, the invention provides a mineral exploitation method which can realize 'three-step' exploitation and improve the utilization rate of mineral resources. The invention also provides a mineral exploitation system.
An embodiment of a mineral exploitation method according to a first aspect of the invention comprises: using a tunneling mode of spacing one row of tunnels, automatically tunneling each layer of tunnels in at least one layer of tunnels by using a tunneling machine so as to cut and acquire mineral products; transporting the obtained mineral products through a reversed loader matched with the heading machine and a self-moving tail matched with the heading machine; supporting a roadway where the heading machine is located and protecting equipment in the roadway through a self-moving hydraulic support which keeps a preset safety distance with the heading machine; and backfilling the roadway tunneled by the tunnelling machine through a backfilling device.
Optionally, using a tunneling mode of spacing a row of tunnels, automatically tunneling each layer of tunnels in at least one layer of tunnels by using a tunneling machine, so as to cut and obtain mineral products, wherein the steps of: sequentially tunneling odd-numbered rows of roadways and then sequentially tunneling even-numbered rows of roadways for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways; or for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways, tunneling the even rows of roadways in sequence, and then tunneling the odd rows of roadways in sequence.
Optionally, using a tunneling mode of spacing a row of tunnels, automatically tunneling each layer of tunnels in at least one layer of tunnels by using a tunneling machine, so as to cut and obtain mineral products, and the steps of: when the tunneling in one row of tunnels reaches a preset distance, the tunneling machine is led to exit from one row of tunnels and perform tunneling of the other row of tunnels.
Optionally, the step of supporting the roadway where the heading machine is located and protecting equipment in the roadway by a self-moving hydraulic support which maintains a predetermined safety distance with the heading machine comprises: the tunnelling machine is tunnelled in a row of tunnels, and simultaneously supports the empty tops and the side edges of the row of tunnels and protects equipment in the tunnels through side turning plates or baffles of the self-moving hydraulic support.
Optionally, the step of supporting the roadway where the heading machine is located and protecting equipment in the roadway by a self-moving hydraulic support which maintains a predetermined safety distance with the heading machine comprises: after the heading machine exits one row of roadways, the self-moving hydraulic support exits one row of roadways and enters the other row of roadways for supporting and protecting.
Optionally, the step of backfilling the roadway tunneled by the tunnelling machine by the backfilling device comprises the following steps: and backfilling the one row of roadways through a backfilling device while the heading machine is tunneling the other row of roadways.
Optionally, the step of transporting the obtained mineral product by a reversed loader matched with the heading machine and a self-moving tail matched with the heading machine comprises the following steps: the self-moving tail bears a reversed loader; the self-moving tail moves by stepping and follows the heading machine; the reversed loader moves on the self-moving tail to carry and transport the acquired mineral products.
A mineral production mining system according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises: the heading machine is used for automatically heading each layer of roadways in at least one layer of roadways by using a heading mode of spacing one row of roadways so as to cut and acquire mineral products; the reversed loader is matched with the heading machine and used for bearing the obtained mineral products; the self-moving tail is matched with the heading machine and used for bearing the reversed loader so as to realize the transportation of mineral products; the self-moving hydraulic support is kept at a preset safety distance from the heading machine and is used for supporting a roadway where the heading machine is located and protecting equipment in the roadway; and the backfilling device is used for backfilling the roadway tunneled by the tunnelling machine.
Optionally, the heading machine is further configured to: sequentially tunneling odd-numbered rows of roadways and then sequentially tunneling even-numbered rows of roadways for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways; or for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways, tunneling the even rows of roadways in sequence, and then tunneling the odd rows of roadways in sequence.
Optionally, the self-moving hydraulic support is further configured to: and when the heading machine performs heading in a row of tunnels, supporting the empty tops and the side edges of the row of tunnels through the side turning plates or the side baffles of the self-moving hydraulic support and protecting equipment in the tunnels.
One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
for the mineral exploitation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the tunnelling mode of a row of tunnels can be used, and each layer of tunnels in at least one layer of tunnels is tunnelled automatically by a tunnelling machine; the roadway driven by the heading machine can be backfilled by the backfilling device. That is, since the tunneling mode of spacing a row of tunnels is used for tunneling and the tunnels which are tunneling can be backfilled, the bearing capacity of the tunnels can be improved, and the method can be used for realizing 'three-under' exploitation, thereby improving the utilization rate of mineral resources and achieving the beneficial effect of reducing the damage possibility of earth surface attachments. By matching the heading machine, the reversed loader and the self-moving tail, automatic unmanned operation can be realized, and the effect of improving operation safety is achieved; through the self-moving hydraulic support, can protect equipment in the tunnel, compare with the technique that adopts supports such as stock, anchor net to carry out tunnel support and protection, can reduce the influence of supports such as stock, anchor net to the exploitation, reduce the possibility that supports such as stock, anchor net remain in the pit, reach the beneficial effect that improves equipment security, improvement operating efficiency, realization resource cyclic utilization.
The mineral exploitation system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for realizing the mineral exploitation method, and the mineral exploitation system for realizing the mineral exploitation method has corresponding technical effects because the mineral exploitation method has the technical effects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the mineral exploitation system according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic top view of a mineral exploitation system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the structure of a self-moving hydraulic support according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic side view of a self-moving hydraulic mount according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic top view of a self-moving hydraulic mount according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of a mineral exploitation method according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a roadway structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[ reference numerals description ]
1. A heading machine; 2. a reversed loader; 3. self-moving tail; 4. a self-moving hydraulic support; 41. a base; 42. a top beam; 43. a support mechanism; 44. a side plate; 45. a telescoping mechanism; 46. a baffle; 5. and a transfer device.
Detailed Description
In order to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art or related technologies, the invention provides a mineral exploitation method and a mineral exploitation system.
A mineral exploitation method according to some embodiments of the invention shown in fig. 6 is described below with reference to the schematic diagrams shown in fig. 1 to 5 and the roadway shown in fig. 7.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the mineral exploitation system according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: the heading machine 1 is used for automatically heading each layer of roadways in at least one layer of roadways by using a heading mode of spacing one row of roadways so as to cut and acquire mineral products; the reversed loader 2 is matched with the heading machine 1 and used for bearing the obtained mineral products; the self-moving tail 3 is matched with the heading machine 1 and is used for bearing the reversed loader 2 so as to realize the transportation of mineral products; the self-moving hydraulic support 4 is kept at a preset safety distance from the heading machine 1 and is used for supporting a roadway where the heading machine 1 is located and protecting equipment in the roadway; backfilling means (not shown) for backfilling the roadway driven by the heading machine 1.
In an exemplary embodiment, heading machine 1 may include a blade (not shown) for collecting mineral products. Mineral products collected by the shovels can be transported by the transfer machine 2 to a three-conveyor, shuttle or loading vehicle, etc., and then automatically transported to the well. The mineral products in the exemplary embodiments may include coal mines, and may also include metal ores such as iron ores, copper ores, aluminum ores, and the like.
The self-moving hydraulic support 4 may represent a hydraulic support that can be automatically moved. Specifically, the self-moving hydraulic support 4 is a hydraulic support that can be controlled to perform automatic movement, for example, automatic movement means that the hydraulic support can be moved according to a pre-programmed program without manual manipulation.
It should be noted that, at least one layer of roadway may be mined, each layer of roadway may include multiple rows of roadways, and the extending directions of the roadways are approximately the same, for example, the extending directions may be horizontal directions.
Further, the heading machine 1 is also configured to: sequentially tunneling odd-numbered rows of roadways and then sequentially tunneling even-numbered rows of roadways for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways; or for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways, tunneling the even rows of roadways in sequence, and then tunneling the odd rows of roadways in sequence.
The following description will take three-layer roadway as an example shown in fig. 7. As shown in fig. 7, each of the three layers includes six rows of lanes, and the first layer includes: a first lane 101, a second lane 102, a third lane 103, a fourth lane 104, a fifth lane 105 and a sixth lane 106. The second layer is arranged in sequence from roadway 201 and the third layer is arranged in sequence from roadway 301. The lanes of each layer are arranged in parallel. The second and third layers are arranged and mined in a manner similar to the first layer, and therefore the first layer will be described as an example. Mining may be performed by the heading machine 1 for the first lane 101, the third lane 103 and the fifth lane 105 in the first layer in sequence. When the tunneling distance of the heading machine 1 in one tunnel reaches a predetermined distance, the exploitation of the tunnel can be ended, and then the next tunnel is entered for exploitation. After the mining of the fifth lane 105 is completed, the second lane 102, the fourth lane 104, and the sixth lane 106 are sequentially mined. After the mining of each roadway of the first layer is finished, the mining of the second layer and the third layer can be sequentially performed.
The roadway structure and mining patterns described above in connection with fig. 7 are merely exemplary, and mining may also be performed for single-layer roadways, two-layer roadways, four-layer roadways, or more in exemplary embodiments of the invention. The specific mining process is similar to the three-layer roadway mining process described in connection with fig. 7, and will not be described again.
In addition, it should be noted that when the mining object is only one layer of roadway, the roadway is tunneled and mined according to the tunnelling mode of the one row of roadway at intervals.
According to the mineral exploitation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least one layer of roadways can be tunneled layer by layer through the tunnelling machine 1, each row of roadways in each layer of roadways is tunneled in a tunneling mode of spacing one row of roadways, and the tunneled roadways of the tunnelling machine 1 can be backfilled through a backfilling device. That is, since the tunneling mode of spacing a row of tunnels is used for tunneling and the tunnels which are tunneling can be backfilled, the bearing capacity of the tunnels can be improved, and the beneficial effect of reducing the damage possibility of earth surface attachments can be achieved. Compared with the mode of tunneling the two adjacent rows of roadways successively, the possibility of stratum damage above the roadway can be reduced, and therefore the safety of roadway operation and the safety of the earth surface above the roadway can be improved.
In an exemplary embodiment, the heading machine 1 can adopt inertial navigation, adaptive cutting, laser ranging, binocular vision, digital twinning and other technologies to perform unmanned roadway exploitation; in the exploitation process, a roadway supporting and position fixing mode of anchor rods, anchor nets and the like is replaced, and a self-moving hydraulic support 4 is adopted for supporting and protecting.
In an exemplary embodiment, the transfer conveyor 2 may be a belt transfer conveyor. The heading machine 1 and the self-moving tail 3 can travel in a roadway, and the reversed loader 2 can travel on the self-moving tail 3; since the reversed loader 2 can be connected with the heading machine 1 and the self-moving tail 3 carrying the reversed loader 2 can travel in the tunnel, the heading machine 1 can drive the reversed loader 2 to travel in the tunnel. The heading machine 1 can cut the roadway in the heading process, so that mineral products fall off from the roadway. The shovels may then collect the shed mineral product, which may be transported to the reversed loader 2 and further automatically transported to the well by the reversed loader, shuttle or loader, etc.
As described above, according to the mineral exploitation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, automatic exploitation can be achieved. In the exploitation process, workers do not need to enter the underground roadway, so that potential safety hazards caused by manual exploitation can be avoided.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the self-moving hydraulic mount 4 includes: the base 41 can drive the self-moving hydraulic support 4 to realize stepping type travelling in the roadway; a top beam 42; a support mechanism 43 (e.g., a telescopic column) disposed between the base 41 and the top beam 42 for supporting the top beam 42; a side plate 44 disposed between the base 41 and the top beam 42 for supporting the side walls of the roadway; a baffle 46 (also referred to as a sideboard) for supporting the empty roof of the roadway; a telescoping mechanism 45 (e.g., a telescoping rod) may be used to support the baffle 46.
Further, the self-moving hydraulic support 3 is further configured to: the tunnelling machine is tunnelled in a row of tunnels, and simultaneously supports the empty tops and the side edges of the row of tunnels and protects equipment in the tunnels through side turning plates or baffles of the self-moving hydraulic support.
The multiple self-moving hydraulic supports 4 of the exemplary embodiment can sequentially follow the heading machine 1 to enter the roadway for supporting and protecting, so that automatic operation is realized, equipment safety is improved, roadway supporting capacity is increased, cyclic utilization rate of supports is improved, more operation space is provided for 'three-lower' exploitation, and more possibility is provided for shallower ore mining.
Although supports such as coal pillars, anchor rods, anchor nets and the like can be used for supporting the roadway for safe mining and ground attachment protection, compared with supports such as coal pillars, anchor rods, anchor nets and the like, the self-moving hydraulic support 4 can be moved, namely, the self-moving hydraulic support 4 can be used for supporting when required, and the self-moving hydraulic support 4 is withdrawn from the roadway after the mining is finished, so that the self-moving hydraulic support 4 can be recycled, and the production cost is saved. In addition, the self-moving hydraulic support 4 is not left in the roadway like the supports such as coal pillars, anchor rods, anchor nets and the like, so that the exploitation of another layer or the adjacent other roadway is not affected.
The moving method of the self-moving hydraulic mount 4 is not limited to the walking method, and may be another moving method.
A mineral exploitation method according to some embodiments of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 6. The mineral exploitation method comprises the following steps:
s1001: and (3) automatically tunneling each layer of roadways in at least one layer of roadways by using a tunneling mode of spacing one row of roadways through a tunneling machine 1 so as to cut and acquire mineral products.
S1002: the obtained mineral products are transported by a reversed loader 2 matched with the heading machine 1 and a self-moving tail 3 matched with the heading machine 1.
S1003: the roadway where the heading machine 1 is located is supported and equipment in the roadway is protected by a self-moving hydraulic support 4 which keeps a preset safety distance with the heading machine 1.
S1004: and backfilling the roadway tunneled by the tunnelling machine 1 by a backfilling device.
It should be noted that, in the mining method according to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one layer of the roadway may be mined, each layer of the roadway may include multiple rows of the roadway, and each roadway extends in a substantially same direction, for example, the extending direction may be a horizontal direction. Mining may be performed with reference to the tunnel structure and mining method described above in connection with fig. 7, and mining may also be performed for a single-layer tunnel, a two-layer tunnel, a four-layer tunnel, or more. The specific mining process is similar to the three-layer roadway mining method described in connection with fig. 7, and will not be described again here.
According to the mineral exploitation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least one layer of roadways can be tunneled layer by the tunnelling machine 1, each row of roadways in each layer of roadways is tunneled in a tunneling mode of spacing one row of roadways, and the tunneled roadways of the tunnelling machine 1 can be backfilled by a backfilling device. That is, since the tunneling mode of spacing a row of tunnels is used for tunneling and the tunnels which are tunneling can be backfilled, the bearing capacity of the tunnels can be improved, and the beneficial effect of reducing the damage possibility of earth surface attachments can be achieved. Compared with the mode of tunneling the two adjacent rows of roadways successively, the possibility of stratum damage above the roadway can be reduced, and therefore the safety of roadway operation and the safety of the earth surface above the roadway can be improved.
Further, using the tunneling mode of the interval row of tunnels, the step of automatically tunneling each layer of tunnels in at least one layer of tunnels by the tunneling machine 1 to cut and obtain mineral products comprises the following steps: sequentially tunneling odd-numbered rows of roadways and then sequentially tunneling even-numbered rows of roadways for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways; or for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways, tunneling the even rows of roadways in sequence, and then tunneling the odd rows of roadways in sequence.
Through the tunneling mode, the tunneling mode of a row of tunnels at intervals can be realized; in the tunneling mode, the tunnel which is not tunneling and the filled tunnel can improve the whole supporting capability of the tunnel, reduce the possibility of tunnel collapse and the like, improve the operation safety and protect the safety of earth surface attachments.
Further, by using the tunneling mode of the interval row of tunnels, each layer of tunnels in at least one layer of tunnels is automatically tunneled by the tunneller 1, so that the steps of cutting and obtaining mineral products further comprise: when the tunneling in one row reaches a predetermined distance, the heading machine 1 is caused to exit the one row and perform the tunneling of the other row.
By automatic tunneling of the heading machine 1, unmanned operation can be realized, the possibility of injury of personnel is reduced, the operation time can be increased, and the operation efficiency is improved.
Further, the step of supporting the tunnel in which the heading machine is located and protecting the equipment in the tunnel by the self-moving hydraulic support 4 which maintains a predetermined safety distance from the heading machine 1 includes: while the heading machine is tunneling in a row of roadways, the empty tops and sides of a row of roadways are supported and equipment in the roadways is protected by side flaps or baffles 46 of the self-moving hydraulic support.
Further, the step of supporting the tunnel in which the heading machine 1 is located and protecting the equipment in the tunnel by the self-moving hydraulic support 4 which maintains a predetermined safety distance from the heading machine 1 includes: after the heading machine 1 exits one row of roadways, the self-moving hydraulic support 4 is caused to exit one row of roadways and enter the other row of roadways for support and protection.
With reference to the structure of the self-moving hydraulic support 4 described in connection with the drawings, during the travel of the heading machine 1 in the roadway, a plurality of self-moving hydraulic supports 4 may follow the heading machine 1 one after the other and be supported and protected by way of side-turning or expanding the baffle 46; when the heading machine 1 exits from the roadway, the plurality of self-moving hydraulic supports 4 can sequentially exit from the roadway in a first-in last-out mode so as to support and protect the next roadway, thereby realizing automatic unmanned operation and recycling of supporting equipment.
Further, the step of backfilling the roadway tunneled by the tunnelling machine by the backfilling device comprises the following steps: and backfilling the one row of roadways through a backfilling device while the heading machine is tunneling the other row of roadways.
The automatic backfilling of the backfilling device can improve the firmness of the roadway, so that the possibility of damage of surface attachments can be reduced, more operation space is provided for 'under three' mining, and the possibility of mining shallower mineral products is increased.
Further, the step of transporting the obtained mineral product by the reversed loader 2 matched with the heading machine 1 and the self-moving tail 3 matched with the heading machine 1 comprises the following steps: the self-moving tail 3 carries a reversed loader 2; the self-moving tail 3 follows the heading machine 1 by stepping movement; the reversed loader 2 moves on the self-moving tail 3 to carry and transport the obtained mineral products.
In an exemplary embodiment, the transfer conveyor 2 may be a belt transfer conveyor. The heading machine 1 and the self-moving tail 3 can travel in a roadway, and the reversed loader 2 can travel on the self-moving tail 3; since the reversed loader 2 is connected with the heading machine 1 and the self-moving tail 3 carrying the reversed loader 2 can travel in the tunnel, the heading machine 1 can drive the reversed loader 2 to travel in the tunnel. The heading machine 1 can cut the roadway in the heading process, so that mineral products fall off from the roadway. Subsequently, the shoveling plate can collect the fallen mineral products, and the collected mineral products can be transported to the reversed loader 2 and further automatically transported to the well through the reversed loader, the shuttle car or the loading car, etc., thereby realizing automatic unmanned underground operation and improving operation safety and equipment safety.
Since the mineral exploitation method provided in this embodiment is implemented based on the mineral exploitation system in any one of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, the mineral exploitation method has all the advantages of the mineral exploitation system provided in any one of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; may be a communication between two elements or an interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature is "on" or "under" a second feature, which may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or in indirect contact with the first and second features via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level lower than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., refer to a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example as being included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of mining, comprising:
using a tunneling mode of spacing one row of tunnels, automatically tunneling each layer of tunnels in at least one layer of tunnels by using a tunneling machine so as to cut and acquire mineral products;
transporting the obtained mineral products through a transfer conveyor matched with the heading machine and a self-moving tail matched with the heading machine;
supporting a roadway where the heading machine is located and protecting equipment in the roadway through a self-moving hydraulic support which keeps a preset safety distance with the heading machine;
and backfilling the roadway tunneled by the tunnelling machine through a backfilling device.
2. The mining method according to claim 1, wherein the step of automatically tunneling each layer of the at least one layer of the roadways by using the tunneling method of the spaced-apart rows of the roadways to perform cutting and obtain the mineral products comprises:
sequentially tunneling odd-numbered rows of roadways and then sequentially tunneling even-numbered rows of roadways for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways; or for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways, tunneling the even rows of roadways in sequence, and then tunneling the odd rows of roadways in sequence.
3. The mining method according to claim 2, wherein the step of automatically tunneling each layer of the at least one layer of the roadways by using the tunneling method of the spaced-apart rows of the roadways to perform cutting and obtain the mineral products further comprises:
when the tunneling in one row of tunnels reaches a preset distance, the tunneling machine is led out of the one row of tunnels and tunneling of the other row of tunnels is carried out.
4. A method of mining products according to claim 3, wherein the step of supporting the roadway in which the heading machine is located and protecting equipment within the roadway by means of a self-moving hydraulic prop which is maintained at a predetermined safety distance from the heading machine comprises:
and when the heading machine performs heading in the row of tunnels, supporting the empty tops and the side edges of the row of tunnels through the side turning plates or the side baffles of the self-moving hydraulic support and protecting equipment in the tunnels.
5. A method of mining products according to claim 3, wherein the step of supporting the roadway in which the heading machine is located and protecting equipment within the roadway by means of a self-moving hydraulic prop which is maintained at a predetermined safety distance from the heading machine comprises:
and after the heading machine exits from the row of roadways, the self-moving hydraulic support exits from the row of roadways and enters into the other row of roadways for supporting and protecting.
6. The mining method of claim 4, wherein the step of backfilling a roadway driven through the development machine by a backfilling device comprises:
and backfilling the one row of roadways through the backfilling device while the heading machine heading the other row of roadways.
7. The method of mining mineral products according to claim 1, wherein the step of transporting the harvested mineral products by a reversed loader associated with the heading machine and a self-moving tail associated with the heading machine includes:
the self-moving tail bears the reversed loader;
the self-moving tail moves by stepping and follows the heading machine;
the reversed loader moves on the self-moving tail to bear and transport the obtained mineral products.
8. A mineral exploitation system, comprising:
the heading machine is used for automatically heading each layer of roadways in at least one layer of roadways by using a heading mode of spacing one row of roadways so as to cut and acquire mineral products;
the reversed loader is matched with the heading machine and used for bearing the obtained mineral products;
the self-moving tail is matched with the heading machine and used for bearing the reversed loader so as to realize the transportation of mineral products;
the self-moving hydraulic support is kept at a preset safety distance from the heading machine and is used for supporting a roadway where the heading machine is located and protecting equipment in the roadway;
and the backfilling device is used for backfilling the roadway tunneled by the tunnelling machine.
9. The mineral production system of claim 8, wherein the heading machine is further configured to:
sequentially tunneling odd-numbered rows of roadways and then sequentially tunneling even-numbered rows of roadways for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways; or for multiple rows of roadways in each layer of roadways, tunneling the even rows of roadways in sequence, and then tunneling the odd rows of roadways in sequence.
10. The mineral production system of claim 8 or 9, wherein the self-moving hydraulic mount is further configured to:
and when the heading machine performs heading in a row of tunnels, supporting the empty tops and the side edges of the row of tunnels through the side turning plates or the side baffles of the self-moving hydraulic support and protecting equipment in the tunnels.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310816296.3A CN116677379A (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Mineral exploitation method and mineral exploitation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310816296.3A CN116677379A (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Mineral exploitation method and mineral exploitation system |
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| CN116677379A true CN116677379A (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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