CN1166720A - Versatile unit-block combined trigger - Google Patents
Versatile unit-block combined trigger Download PDFInfo
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- CN1166720A CN1166720A CN 96107625 CN96107625A CN1166720A CN 1166720 A CN1166720 A CN 1166720A CN 96107625 CN96107625 CN 96107625 CN 96107625 A CN96107625 A CN 96107625A CN 1166720 A CN1166720 A CN 1166720A
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the electric power and electronic technology field, and makes SCR trigger application have versatility and interchangeability through production of standard serial modules. It includes three kinds of unit blocks, and through changing the position and number of unit blocks in hardware, various trigger is obtained. The trigger has two serial pulse control gates for simultaneous automatic or manual control, and it has monitoring alarm. It is suitable for various equipment in important load and production line.
Description
This class combination series trigger comprises " simulation "/" integrated "/" numeral "/" microcomputer " trigger, belongs to electric and electronic technical field (OHZP).The controlled rectification circuit connection type is various, requires trigger characteristic different, and people wish to design and manufacture general-purpose flip-flop for a long time.
Recently for over ten years, the integrated trigger kind that adopts special integrated chip to make both at home and abroad is a lot of, as the K C series of China's Shanghai production and the KC series (adopting homemade chip KC004, KJ004 or KC009, KJ009) of Xi'an production; TY series is produced in the Xiamen and thick film trigger HCA/HCL series (adopting chip inlet TCA785) etc. is produced in Xi'an, but its product (KCZ2, KCZ3, KCZ, KJZ3, KJZ6, HCL-KM-32, HCL-KM-33, HCL-KM-34 etc.) is the dedicated trigger device, does not also possess versatility; Though TY-SM1, TY-SM2, TY-SM3 product versatility improve to some extent, the same plate structure cabinet that adopts with the discrete device trigger is assembled, and the big heaviness of body is used inconvenience; The microcomputer trigger hardware circuit that development in recent years is got up is simplified, and adopts the software engineering highly versatile, uses flexibly, be the direction of trigger development, digital integrated trigger is formed with hardware, and China reached and used the stage of ripeness present stage, the workman is easy to grasp, and is convenient to large-scale popularization and uses.The file of reflection above-mentioned background technology has: KC series silicon controlled toggle operation instructions " (Machinery Ministry Shanghai Electric Appliances Science Inst, 1983); " KJ phase-shift circuit and control board product manual " (Ministry of Aerospace Industry Xi'an 691 factories, 1988); " general controls of TY series controllable silicon complete machine device triggers the cabinet operation instructions " (Xiamen pioneer industrial corporation, 1988); " thyristor thick film circuit trigger and application thereof " (Chinese-foreign joint Xi'an friendship Electronics Co., Ltd. of section, 1993); " the microcomputerization design of power electronic equipment " (Liang Hanbin, clock man of virtue and ability son write China Machine Press).
The disadvantage that existing trigger product lacks versatility and interchangeability must cause that trigger is of a great variety, circuit is complicated, the structure disunity, make difficulty, use inconvenience.According to the inherent development law of controlled rectification circuit design feature and different connection type thereof and modern age microelectronic circuit modularization development trend, inventor Liu Qun proposes to adopt " unit---inserted blockization " structure, be combined into required trigger by grafting, or on a tellite that has designed the method by changing hardware combinations, promptly just can obtain required multiple circuits for triggering by changing inserted block quantity and insertion position, thereby can satisfy the needs of any rectification circuit.
Existing multiple circuits for triggering though be not quite similar, can be divided into three kinds basic " unit " by the difference " function " that forms trigger impulse, and the first is based on " synchronously " unit of phase shift function; It is two based on pulse shaping " along separate routes " unit; It is three based on triggering " output " unit, each unit all can be divided into several identical separately circuit (" phase " circuit, " bat " circuit, " road " circuit), each circuit is made dismountable module (band contact pin), inserted block structure (band plug) or circuit block structure (band lead-in wire), then each unit has the inserted block or the circuit block of varying number, but the circuit of each inserted block of same unit or circuit block is formed and operation principle all is the same.Select different classes of inserted block to connect, perhaps they are just made up on the tellite socket and can form multiple circuits for triggering.The main effect of the present invention three kinds " unit " and inserted block or circuit block is:
1, " synchronously " unit and " phase " inserted block thereof (or " phase " circuit block): produce 1,2,3,6 pulse a complete cycle to a certain synchronised power supply, is two phase-shift pulses of 180 ° as producing phase difference, or produces the pulse of 360 ° of phase differences; Or six pulses that produce 60 ° of phase differences; The width of pulse, symmetry, initial position, position limitation protection etc. all scalable, adjust; Have pulse gate k2 and K switch 2 thereof, but paired pulses carries out " open---block " control, phase-shifting control method is not limit (can adopt phase-locked, synchronized oscillation, vertical control, step-by-step counting, microcomputer software etc.).The quantity of " phase " inserted block (or " phase " circuit block) equals the trigger synchronizing voltage number of phases, span commonly used=1～6, and the position mark on constitutional diagram is a, b ..., or ± a, ± b ...
2, " along separate routes " unit and " bat " inserted block thereof (or " bat " circuit block): the pulse that lock unit is produced is converted into dipulse by certain requirement and splits into two passages transmits: wherein "+1 " passage transmits direct impulse specially; " 1 " passage transmits negative-going pulse specially; Have pulse gate (k1), and switch (K1), can carry out " opening-blockade " control to its pulse.The quantity of " bat " inserted block (or " bat " circuit block) equals the umber of beats of rectification circuit, and value is 1 or 2, " bat " inserted block (or " bat " circuit block)=1, and explanation is single rectification circuit of clapping, its constitutional diagram position mark is "+1 " or " 1 "; " bat " inserted block (or " bat " circuit block)=2, explanation is the doublebeat rectification circuit, its constitutional diagram position mark is "+1 " and " 1 ".
3, " output " unit and " road " inserted block thereof (or " road " circuit block): controllable silicon is transported in each road pulse that branching unit is transmitted (as shaping, amplification, coupling, isolation etc.) after treatment.The inserted block quantity of output unit equals the way number of rectification circuit silicon controlled main rectifier (or equal) of trigger output trigger impulse, and value is commonly used 1～6, and the constitutional diagram position mark is 1,2,3 ...
Fig. 1 is " general " unit-inserted block " combined trigger " unitary construction block diagram
Fig. 2 is " phase " inserted block circuit diagram that adopts TCA785 to form
Fig. 3 is " bat " inserted block circuit diagram that adopts KJ041 and MC1413 to form
Fig. 4 is " road " the inserted block circuit diagram that adopts optocoupler (or magnetic coupling) to form
Fig. 5 is the three-phase fully-controlled trigger bridge circuit of " connecting combination "
Fig. 6 is the three-phase semiwave or the three-phase half controlled bridge circuits for triggering of " connecting combination "
Fig. 7 is the single-phase fully controlled bridge circuits for triggering of " connecting combination "
Fig. 8 is the single-phase pair of half-wave or the single-phase half-controlled trigger bridge circuit of " connect combination "
Fig. 9 is the single-phase half-wave circuits for triggering of " connecting combination "
Figure 10 is that " inserting combination " uses substrate circuit figure
Figure 11 is the single-phase half-wave trigger of " inserting combination "
Figure 12 is the single-phase semi-controlling bridge trigger of " inserting combination "
Figure 13 is the single-phase fully controlled bridge trigger of " inserting combination "
Figure 14 is the single-phase pair of half-wave trigger of " inserting combination "
Figure 15 is the three-phase semiwave or the three-phase half controlled bridge trigger of " inserting combination "
Figure 16 is the three-phase full-controlled bridge trigger of " inserting combination "
Figure 17 is the 12-phase rectification circuit triggers device of " inserting combination "
Figure 18 is " analog " unijunction transistor " phase " inserted block circuit
Figure 19 is " analog " sinusoidal wave synchronization transistor " phase " inserted block circuit
Figure 20 is " analog " sawtooth waveforms synchronization transistor " phase " inserted block circuit
Figure 21 is " analog " integrated transporting discharging (A) " phase " inserted block circuit
Figure 22 is " digital " " phase " inserted block circuit
Figure 23 is " phase-locking type " " phase " inserted block circuit
Figure 24 is " microcomputer type " " phase " inserted block circuit
Figure 25 is " unit-inserted block " with three divided channel (" phase " inserted block W=3)
Trigger
Figure 26 is three divided channel connecting circuit figure on substrate
Figure 27 is overall package " unit-inserted block " formula trigger structure block diagram
Figure 28 is the converter circuit block diagram of " double trigger " control
Figure 29 is " double trigger " control system that band " ripple collapses " detects
Figure 30 is " ripple collapses " detector (TB) electrical schematic diagram
Figure 31 is the actual composition diagram of " ripple collapses " detector
Figure 32 is " double trigger " control system that automaticallyes switch
Figure 33 is level translator (TW) electrical schematic diagram
Figure 34 is the actual composition diagram of level translator
Figure 35 is " unit-inserted block " formula trigger of band " ripple collapses " inserted block
Figure 36 is that standby each other " double trigger " (closed loop automatically/open loop is manual) is online
Switched system
Figure 37 is synchronous motor excitation " double trigger " control system
Figure 38 is dc motor speed regulating " double trigger " control system
Figure 39 is armature inverse parallel " double trigger " control reversible speed control system
Figure 40 exchanges tandem control " double trigger " control system
Figure 41 is " generation six " " KGLF excitation unit " winding diagram that renovates
Be example now, the specific implementation method of each unit inserted block (or circuit block) is described to adopt above-mentioned three kinds of unit inserted blocks (or circuit block) to form " integrated " trigger.Fig. 2 is that the special-purpose integrated phase shift chip TCA785 of employing (also can adopt KJ004 or KJ009) is main " phase " inserted block (or circuit block) circuit diagram of forming, in order to improve the symmetry regulating effect, increased " simultaneous phase-shifting " and done fine tuning, parallel pulse diverter switch (K2) and added " work " indicator light on chip 6 pin pulse gates; Fig. 3 is " bat " inserted block (or circuit block) circuit diagram that adopts two integrated chips (KJ041 and MC1413) to be composed in series, and the former makes dipulse and forms, and 7 pin are adorned diverter switch K1, and are connected in series with K2, and the latter makes power amplifier and divided channel; Fig. 4 is " road " inserted block (or circuit block) circuit diagram that adopts optocoupler (as 4N39 etc.) or magnetic coupling (as pulse transformer etc.) to form.
In order to form required " GU Generic Unit inserted block " integrated " trigger " with above-mentioned three unit inserted blocks, can be by the requirement of different wiring pattern rectification circuits, select for use each unit inserted block (or circuit block) different classes of, varying number to carry out " connecting combination " (promptly each circuit block being connected) by outside lead, just can form various circuits for triggering.Fig. 5 is applicable to three-phase full-controlled bridge (or three-phase fully-controlled voltage regulator) main circuit; Fig. 6 is applicable to three-phase semiwave (or three-phase half controlled bridge) main circuit; Fig. 7 is applicable to single-phase fully controlled bridge main circuit; Fig. 8 is applicable to single-phase pair of half-wave (or single-phase semi-controlling bridge main circuit) main circuit; Fig. 9 is applicable to the single-phase half-wave rectifier circuit main circuit.Or each unit inserted block (or circuit block) connect pulse shaping " M synchronised-W is logical to be made-output of P road " working method reasonable Arrangement on tellite, as designing printed board (substrate) by " three synchronous (M=3)--two passages (W=2)---six outputs (P=6) " working method, at this moment the socket number of each unit is " phase " socket number=3 (a, b, c); " bat " socket number=2 (+1 ,-1); " road " socket number=6 (1,2,3,4,5,6).Adopt " inserting combination " method (promptly to select inserted block number or insertion position for use, on substrate, can be combined into multiple circuits for triggering by " inserting operation " by different rectification circuit requirements.Figure 10 is by M=3, W=2, and the substrate of P=6 design can obtain following circuits for triggering (seeing the above table) by " inserting combination " on its substrate:
Figure 11 adopts a substrate to carry out " inserting combination " resulting single-phase half-wave trigger; Figure 12 adopts a substrate to carry out " inserting combination " resulting single-phase semi-controlling bridge (or single-phase half-controlled voltage regulator) trigger; Figure 13 adopts a substrate to carry out " inserting combination " resulting single-phase fully controlled bridge trigger; Figure 14 adopts a substrate to carry out " inserting combination " resulting single-phase pair of half-wave trigger; Figure 15 adopts a substrate to carry out " inserting combination " resulting three-phase semiwave (or three-phase half controlled bridge) trigger; Figure 16 adopts a substrate to carry out " inserting combination " resulting three-phase full-controlled bridge (or three-phase fully-controlled voltage regulator) trigger.
Trigger requirement for satisfying heterogeneous high-power circuit, can adopt many plates (substrate) to constitute " unit-inserted block " combined trigger, Figure 17 is exactly the trigger that provides for two and level three-phase full-controlled bridge 12-phase rectification circuit that adopts that the double-basis plate forms, and at this moment exports ten two tunnel pulses.
The best form of " synchronously " unit is to get " phase " inserted block to equal 3, and connects prior art
(Figure 18 is " simulation " formula " phase inserted block " circuit that adopts unijunction transistor to form to make " simulation " formula that can select for use for the user, Figure 19 is " simulation " formula " inserted block mutually " circuit that adopts triode to form with Figure 20, Figure 21 is " simulation " formula " phase inserted block " circuit that adopts integrated transporting discharging A to form), (Figure 22 is by A/D converter to " numeral " formula, frequency divider, " phase inserted block " circuit that digital integrated chipset such as counter becomes), " phase-locked " formula (Figure 23 forms " phase inserted block " circuit by the phase shift of pll oscillation Current Control), (Figure 24 is by Z80-CPU to " microcomputer " formula, CTC, PIO, or MC6800 or MCS-51, " phase inserted block " circuit that 98 grades are formed).Select above-mentioned dissimilar phase shift inserted block for use, then can make things convenient for the user to form " GU Generic Unit " analog/digital/integrated/microcomputer " trigger ".
| Inserted block | Phase | Clap | The road | The circuits for triggering of forming | Constitutional diagram |
| Inserted block (circuit block) number/insertion position | |||||
| Monobasal | ??1/a | ?1/+1 | ?1/1 | Single-phase half-wave is controlled | Figure 11 |
| ??1/a | ?2/+1 | ?2/1，3 | Single-phase semi-controlling bridge (common cathode) | Figure 12 | |
| ??1/a | ?2/+1 ?-1 | ?4/1，3 ?4，6 | Single-phase fully controlled bridge | Figure 13 | |
| ?2/a，b | ?1/+1 | ?2/1，3 | The two half-waves (common cathode) of two-phase | Figure 14 | |
| ?2/a，b | ?1/-1 | ?2/4，6 | The two half-waves of two-phase (anode altogether) | ||
| ?3/a，b ?，c | ?1/+1 | ?3/1，3 ??，5 | Three-phase semiwave (common cathode) or three-phase half controlled bridge (common cathode) | Figure 15 | |
| ?3/a，b ?，c | ?1/-1 | ?3/2，4 ??，6 | Three-phase semiwave (anode altogether) or three-phase half controlled bridge (anode altogether) | ||
| ?3/a，b ?，c | ?2/+1 ?-1 | ?6/ ?1～6 | Three-phase full-controlled bridge or two mutually anti-star (six phases) | Figure 16 | |
| The double-basis plate | ?6/2× ?a，b，c) | ?4/+1 ?-1 | ?12/2 ?(1～6) | Two phase commit | Figure 17 |
" along separate routes " the best form of unit is to equal 3 design three divided channel (Figure 25 is the trigger with three branching units) by " bat " inserted block, wherein "+1 " position (passage) transmit direct impulse+A ,+B ,+C; " 1 " position (passage) transmission negative-going pulse-A ,-B ,-C; " ± 1 " position (passage) transmission ± A, ± B, ± the C pulse.In concrete the use, if "+1 " or " 1 " position is then inserted in " bat " inserted block=1; If "+1 " and " 1 " position (inserting two) is then inserted in " bat " inserted block=2, perhaps insert " ± 1 " position (inserting).Figure 26 is binary channels connecting circuit figure on tellite.
The best form of " output " unit is to get " road " inserted block to equal 6, and optocoupler and magnetic coupling have concurrently, adopts double winding high frequency magnetic core 1.35mH to make pulse transformer, is beneficial to that the user selects for use or standby each other.
From as can be known above-mentioned, by " GU Generic Unit-inserted block combined trigger " of " unit-inserted block " concept the integral body of a complexity is divided into the more single parts of function, make circuit reduction, be convenient to standardization, seriation design and manufacturing, one plate is used more, assembling is flexible, debugging is convenient, interchangeability strong (not only different rectification circuits are had interchangeability, and same trigger same unit inserted block being used interchangeably also); This trigger has two series connection pulse gates (K1, K2), and not only favourable son is regulated automatically, the composition of automatic control system, and can be simultaneously by artificial participation manual operation or control; Printed circuit board (PCB) not only can be made into " phase-bat-road " three inserted block structures, also can be made into " phase-road " two inserted block structures (" bat " circuit is contained on the substrate), perhaps makes " phase " single inserted block structure (" bat " and " road " circuit is contained on the substrate).Figure 27 is the trigger structure block diagram that is applicable to the middle low power overall package, have before the substrate panel and handle, after turnover line plug is arranged, relay indicating light, symmetry fine tuning potentiometer, selection " work---standby " switch (K2), " operation-debugging " change over switch (K1) are housed on the panel, the auxiliary circuit of trigger also is housed on the substrate, as working power (± 15V/24V etc.), phase shift signal inverter, the coarse adjustment of pulse symmetry, pulse inversion angle adjust potentiometer and high-frequency impulse row modulator etc.Plug has into/goes out 22 in lead-in wire: three-phase synchro source-a～a
o, b～b
o, c～c
oAC power-2 * 18V and center line |; Direct current phase shift power supply-+ED～ED; Gate circuit transistor gate signal-g1～g6; Thyristor cathode signal k1, k3, k5 or ∑ k, k2, k4, k6; Pulse gate K etc.Control switch (K1, K2) and two pulse gates are connected in parallel, and they are equivalent to series connection in pulse passage.
In electric and electronic technical field (OHZP).Its feedback quantity of existing " threshold " value feedback control system generally is " numerical value " amount, promptly characterizes the amount (becoming to call " amount " in the following text) of population size.In the power electronic technology in modern times, medical electronics, digit pulse technology, use " waveform ", " figure " more and more and reach the conversion (to call " shape " change in the following text) of " picture ", as the transformation of electrical energy in the Semiconductor Converting Technology, its different electricity " amount " (electric current, voltage, frequency, phase places ... Deng) variation nearly all be that conversion by waveform realizes.Here; " shape " becomes and causes that not only " amount " becomes; decision " amount " becomes size; and the operation conditions of sign and tracing device; thereby can be by to the detection of " shape " variable wave form varies or trace and monitor the malfunction of the equipment of announcement; or the composition supervisory control system, device is protected or proofreaies and correct, guarantee system safety operation.
Since the sixties, the silicon-controlled conversion device obtains common applying in countries in the world.Trigger and rectifier are its elements.Under normal operation, output pulse waveform of trigger (Ug) and rectifier DC side voltage waveform (Ud) all are the waveforms by the rule variation of showing preface, and its variation characteristics are: similar symmetry, impartial at interval, wherein mostly Ud is the continually varying waveform.In case trigger breaks down, " shape " all taken place and become in both, wherein Ug show as the pulse spacing does not wait, partial pulse retardation even partial pulse are lost etc., and Ud shows as extremely asymmetric, obviously interrupted even oppositely extension.So Ug and Ud are two very important " shape " variablees of convertor assembly." shape " of trigger Ug becomes or rectifier Ud " shape " becomes as untimely eliminating, causes then that gently the complete machine tripping operation has a power failure; Heavy then damage equipment and parts cause stopping production.Especially " ripple collapses " fault effects is bigger, and the rectifier of divided ring operation will directly cause voltage (Ud) to descend the breaking load operate as normal; To the rectifier of operation with closed ring, will make part thyristor overcurrent, soon fuse disconnected; For active inverter, will cause that inverter failure or inversion overturn, thereby cause serious short circuit; In Synchronous Motor Excitation System, make the long-term overcurrent of de-excitation resistance and generate heat, even burn ...Therefore; if can in convertor assembly, introduce " deformation " amount; " shape " change of Ud and " shape " change of Ud are detected; and disclose the malfunction of current transformer on this basis or form monitor protective system; eliminating fault " shape " becomes; recover the normal state waveform, then can improve the on-road efficiency and the reliability of device, guarantee that system is continuous, long-time running.
The Ug of current transformer and Ud deformation fail to detect or forecast always, cause " losing ripple " or " ripple collapses " to become hidden danger of hiding of current transformer, jeopardize the device safe and reliable operation at any time but for a long time.Ug and Ud " shape " change is that its inner link and interactional is arranged in fact.The reason that produces Ud " shape " change is many-sided, but Ug " shape " change must causing Ud " shape " change, and Ug " shape " change is the main cause that causes that Ud " shape " becomes.Not only because trigger is compared with rectifier, trigger is a weak link for this.Trigger is a kind of complicated light current electronic building brick, combination with a large amount of electronic devices and components, printed circuit board is close, solder joint is many, fault randomness is big, and rectifier is the forceful electric power electronic circuit, installation, affixed more convenient, and practical operating experiences also proves: almost half above rectifier fault all causes owing to the trigger fault, and is all the more so under the situation that the rectifier cell quality has significantly improved and design margin is bigger now.Because it is more simple and important to detect Ud deformation ratio detection Ug deformation.So this paper is said, eliminating the current transformer fault mainly is that " shape " of eliminating Ud becomes (i.e. " ripple collapses "), is the influence of trigger of fixing a breakdown and eliminate " ripple collapses " fault key.
Only inserted a cover work trigger (to call " online trigger " in the following text) in existing converter device, its standby trigger is an off-line, if the work trigger produces fault, its replacing method is earlier device to be had a power failure, and replaces with the off-line trigger again.Though this method is simple, do not allow charged for replacement fault trigger, otherwise cause shutdown, have a power failure, production process is interrupted, this is unallowed for some important loads and automatic assembly line, because this can cause heavy economic losses.Notion and the detection method that proposed relevant " ripple collapses " on " novel integrated synchronous motor thyristor excitation assembly " literary composition that be entitled as that in May, 1993, the inventor once delivered in the 5th the national meeting of power electronics association of China Institute of Electrical Engineering Technology, this article is collected on this proceeding and in 1994 and is published in instalments in the 7th phase of " electric era " magazine, the 8th phase, but the effect that this article and undeclared " ripple collapses " are detected and constitute the method for supervisory control system with its; " electric drive " magazine fourth phase nineteen ninety-five " thyristor converter devices fault monitoring new method " and " electrotechnics magazine " fifth phase " the automatic detection of thyristor trigger impulse " are all only emphasized disastrous effect and detection method that trigger pulse is lost; and all adopted the guard method of cutting off the electricity supply according to " losing ripple " fault; finally still cause complete machine to have a power failure; produce and interrupt, its guard method is further improved.
" ripple collapses " is partial loss of Ud wave head or extremely asymmetric abbreviation.Purpose of the present invention is exactly to introduce Ud as feedback quantity and form an open loop or closed loop failure monitoring system; make convertor assembly under the situation of not shutting down, not having a power failure; elimination is guaranteed complete machine safety, reliable, operation continuously by " ripple collapses " phenomenon that trigger causes.
According to " uniqueness " principle that controllable silicon triggers, if a controllable silicon provides trigger impulse by two triggering sources simultaneously, after controllable silicon was accepted first triggering source pulse, second triggering source can be done standby; If first triggers the pulse missing in source, then second triggering source can replenish.Figure 28 is the converter circuit block diagram of band double trigger, allows wherein cover (CF1) job (its pulse open to the outside world), another set of (CF2) online standby (its pulse " blockade ").Two cover triggers are in stand-by state each other all the time, in case the work trigger breaks down, need only trigger impulse is carried out online switching: 1. make online standby trigger (CF2) drop into (being its trigger impulse of open to the outside world); 2. make fault trigger (CF1) withdraw from (i.e. " blockade " its trigger impulse); 3. the fault trigger that charged " extraction " blocked is provided under the situation of normal burst at standby trigger; 4. insert offline standby trigger (CF3) in the position of same jack.More change jobs thereby finish the online of fault trigger, make current transformer continue to keep continuous safe operation.
Online switching---be meant open to the outside world-" blockade " hot line job control to trigger output pulse.Its switch means is in the trigger pulse passage special control switch to be set---pulse gate (k2) or diverter switch (K2), and the former is controlled by logic level (" 1 " or " 0 "); The latter is controlled by switch (" leading to "-" breaking ").Changing method can adopt " manually " to switch or " automatically " switches.
The online manual switchover of first " ripple collapses " open loop monitoring double trigger system.
The converter system of the double trigger control that Figure 29 band " ripple collapses " detects; this system is made up of current transformer (ZL), two cover online triggers (CF1, CF2) and " shape " variable (" ripple collapses ") detector (TB), and in fact this is one has the people to participate in " ripple collapses " fault monitoring open loop protection system.Its manual switchover operation sequence is as follows: by the detection to current transformer VD waveform (Ud), after " degree of asymmetry " of adjusting when exceeding or " losing the ripple number ", " ripple collapses " detector (TB) sends alarm signal; The operator on duty can carry out online handover operation after learning " ripple collapses " fault: 1. connect the diverter switch (K2) on the online standby trigger (CF2), make its pulse open to the outside world; 2. the diverter switch (K2) on the open failure trigger (CF1) makes its pulse " blockade "; 3. charged extraction fault trigger (CF1) after warning automatically terminates; 4. insert to give and block off-line trigger (CF3), make system keep double trigger stand-by state each other again.Be interrupted a moment of " blockade " of the open to the outside world of (CF2) in the online handover operation → (CF1), makes double trigger obtain time of one section open to the outside world simultaneously, and this is to guarantee safety, reliably finish the essential condition of manual switchover.
(Figure 30) be a kind of simple " ripple collapses " detector (TB) and circuit diagram thereof that is suitable for, Figure 31 is the actual composition diagram of ripple detector of collapsing, and it only forms (NE555 and MC1413) by two integrated chips.Current transformer direct voltage (Ud) is transformed into 4-10V voltage through resistance current limliting slicing, voltage stabilizing, this Signal-controlled switch pipe T1 and capacitance-resistance charge-discharge circuit thereof, via the 555 time-base circuit 3/7 pin outputs of forming, a route T2, T3 pipe amplifies driving buzzer " ripple collapses " audible warning; " ripple collapses " electric impulse signal is made through the T4 paraphase in another road.The potentiometer W1 minimum (Ud) of adjusting; W22 sets up " losing the ripple number " (or " degree of asymmetry "); K3-synchronous detecting control switch.
Open loop manual switchover supervisory control system response speed is slower, is applicable to simple rectification circuit or works in the current transformer of " commutating zone " (0 °≤α≤90 °).
The second, the on-line automatic switched system of the two triggerings of " ripple collapses " closed loop monitoring.
Ripple detects Figure 32 and the converter system of the double trigger control of automatic switchover link for band collapses, this system is by current transformer (ZL), double trigger (CF1, CF2), " shape " variable (" ripple collapses ") detector (TB) and level translator (TW) are formed, because (K2) of Q and the direct control impuls of Q signal, in fact this is unmanned " ripple collapses " fault feedback monitoring closed loop protection system that participates in, the automatic on-line handoff procedure is as follows: by the detection to current transformer VD waveform (Ud), after exceeding " degree of asymmetry " or " losing the ripple number " of adjusting, " ripple collapses " detector (TB) sends alarm signal and electric impulse signal simultaneously, the former notifies the operator on duty, latter's incoming level transducer (TW); Level translator upset output Q and Q, the standby trigger of 1. instantaneous open to the outside world (CF2) control impuls door (K2); 2. the time-delay " blockade " fault trigger (CF1) control impuls door (K2); 3. after artificial releasing is reported to the police, manual charged for replacement fault trigger: " extraction " fault trigger (CF1); 4. " insertion " give the off-line trigger (CF3) of blockade, make system keep the standby each other state of a control of double trigger again." instantaneous " opening → CF1 of CF2 " time-delay " blockade in the automatic on-line handoff procedure makes CF1 and CF2 obtain the chance of open to the outside world simultaneously, and this is an essential condition of guaranteeing that safety, reliable realization are automaticallyed switch.
Figure 33 is a kind of operation principle circuit diagram of the simple level translator (TW) that is suitable for, and it is made up of 4013 and 4069 chips.
Figure 34 is the actual composition diagram of level translator.4013 are in reset mode during use, when " ripple collapses " electric impulse signal can make 4013 output Q ' overturn simultaneously with Q ' by 1 → 0, and 4069 output Q and Q have the instantaneous upset in one tunnel (by 0 → 1), another road (by 1 → 0) time-delay upset; Giving of Q or Q put " work-standby " and switched realization by commutator K2; Sound equipment " keeps removing " to be changed by commutator K4.
Closed loop automatic switchover supervisory control system response speed very fast (μ s level), be applicable to active inverter or work in the current transformer of inversion district (0 °＜β＜90 °).
Realize the best mode of the present invention be will " ripple collapses " detector (TB) and level detector (TW) be incorporated in the trigger, make CF1, CF2 in the native system all have TB and TW, to constitute a kind of trigger of special band " shape " Variable Control---i.e. " band collapse the trigger that ripple detects ".For example TB and TW makes the inserted block structure and pack into " GU Generic Unit-inserted block combined trigger " in, Figure 35 is " band " ripple collapses " detect trigger ".Get two " triggers that band " ripple collapses " detects " and just can form the 1. standby each other double trigger closed loop automatic monitored control system of Figure 36; After removing level translator TW (or 4069 chips), can form the open loop manual monitored control system of Figure 36 shown in 2..
" GU Generic Unit-inserted block combined trigger " is applicable to replacement discrete component triggers such as various controllable silicon AC-DC speed-regulating current transformers, excitation regulation, AC voltage adjusting, power regulating eqiupment, zero cross fired electronic switch, metallide power-supply device.New plug-in unit (as " integrated " formula) is compared new functions such as having the ripple of collapsing detection with former discrete plug-in unit, and volume-diminished 4/5, weight saving 80%, economize material economize on electricity 60%, investment reduces nearly 1/2, and circuit is simple, stable performance, debugging is convenient, and standby redundancy greatly reduces, the unbalanced degree of output waveform little (± 1.5 °), allow working temperature wide (25 ℃～+ 85 ℃), phase shift range big (0～180 °), output pulse width is adjustable, (30us～20ms), be that discrete component triggers the desirable renewal product of plug-in unit.
" GU Generic Unit-inserted block combined trigger that band " shape " variable detects " can be used for forming " ripple collapses " monitoring double trigger (CF1 and CF2) open loop or closed loop is manual or the automatic on-line switched system, is particularly useful in the convertor assembly of important load or automatic assembly line.Figure 37 is the double trigger control system that is used for synchronous motor excitation, and Figure 38 is the double trigger control system that is used for dc motor speed-regulating system; Figure 39 be used for armature inverse parallel double trigger control bilateral system, Figure 40 be used to exchange tandem control double trigger control system, double trigger control also can be used for AC voltage adjusting, power regulating eqiupment, zero cross fired electronic switch, metallide power-supply device and current source inverter.It can and be deposited with monocycle, dicyclo feedback control system, and current transformer is formed three ring control system with them, make current transformer not only have the FEEDBACK CONTROL that " amount " becomes, and have the monitoring function of " shape " change, the former mainly improves dynamic and static state performance, and the latter mainly improves reliability.
Be that example illustrates that it connects and concrete using method now to adopt " integrated " trigger in this series KGLF type excitation unit that renovates.
KGLF11, the 12nd, the synchronous motor thyristor excitation device of the unified design of China, apply in the whole nation beginning of the seventies, because historical conditions is limit, circuits for triggering adopt discrete component to form in this device, its function is dispersed in six cards, the circuit complexity, and wiring is various, component parameter disperses in addition, performance drift, debug difficulties, the trigger impulse symmetry is poor, unbalanced degree big (reaching ± 5 °), most plug-in units are in bad repair with age, and loose contact causes that controlled rectification and excitation unit accident take place again and again, jeopardize the process equipment safe operation, anxious transformation to be updated.
" power electronic technology " magazine publication " the synchronous motor excitation unit integrated control unit of thyristor " literary composition (third phase nineteen eighty-three), introduced the renovate scheme of KGLF of KJ series integrated trigger that adopts, this scheme has only been utilized main circuit and the relay circuit in the original equipment, and adopt speed detect circuit to realize throwing and encourage or throw total head, change former KGLF slippage and thrown the principle of encouraging.The retrofit work amount is big, and waste is big.
Adopt this trigger that KGLF is renovated, in implementation process, only need to increase 10VA, a 220V/2 * 18V wattage transformer (for trigger provides+the 15V/24V DC power supply), neither change the operation principle of original device, do not change any wiring of original equipment yet, make full use of each parts, as long as in the standby jack of former card cage, insert new triggering plug-in unit, can obtain three kinds of important purposes by following method wiring, the user can select for use as required.
1, " generation six " (or " generation three ") replaced---and " new ← → old " plug-in unit is auxiliary excitation system (Figure 41) each other
Substitute six (three-phase full-controlled bridge) or three blocks of (half control bridge) discrete plug-in units with a new plug-in unit.This system comprises that demagnetization, phase shift, throwing are encouraged, additional 1, idle, six blocks of pulse plug-in units, and one of new plug-in unit (Figure 27 or Figure 35) is inserted in the standby jack, and its mode of connection is:
1. new plug-in unit six tunnel output trigger impulses amount to 10 lead-in wires and (comprise gate pole g
1～g
6, negative electrode K
2, K
4, K
6And ∑ K) with former six corresponding connection of pulse plug-in unit terminal;
2. the required phase shift controlling voltage of new plug-in unit by former phase shift plug-in unit+E
DWith-E
DProvide, but the diode 20BZ in the phase shift plug-in unit is by new plug-in unit plug short circuit;
The pulse gate K of 3. new plug-in unit
1Be used for throwing automatically encouraging (K
2Be used for online manual operation), and directly control (5BG collector electrode, emitter in parallel) with K1 by the switching tube 5BG in the additional plug-ins I; A, the b, the c that quote former three-phase synchro source make synchronizing voltage;
4. the 220V/2 that increases newly * winding of 18V wattage transformer and a winding of synchrotrans (not being subjected to the control of 1DL and 1QC) in parallel;
On the plug of 5. new plug-in unit with synchrotrans secondary mid point a
o, b
o, c
o, direct current phase-shifting voltages-E
D, 2 * 18V mid point short circuit, as the common point of system |.
Newly-and the switching operation of high school leavers who have settled in the countryside's part is very simple: when using new plug-in unit socket is extracted or pulled away to six high school leavers who have settled in the countryside's parts; When using high school leavers who have settled in the countryside's part socket is extracted or pulled away to new plug-in unit.
2, " double trigger " (CF1, CF2) online switched energization system (Figure 36)
This system comprises that demagnetization, phase shift, throwing are encouraged, plug-in unit such as additional 1, idle.Get two of new plug-in units (Figure 27 or Figure 35), the lead-in wire of its socket is connected in parallel with one or two cover, can pass through pulse gate K
2Put one of them and be " work " trigger (its trigger impulse is open), another is online " standby " trigger (its trigger impulse blocks); Also can pass through K
2Carry out online switching.All the other mode of connections are with reference to Figure 41.
3, band " ripple collapses " detects the excitation system of (the double as slippage is thrown and encouraged)
Get band " band collapse the GU Generic Unit combined trigger that ripple detects ", increase (W
22+ R
2) * C, adjustable time constant is made automatic slippage and is thrown and encourage (seeing Figure 30), throwing encourage finish after, pass through K switch
4Carry out " slippage is thrown and encouraged → collapse the ripple detection " and switch, then same TB unit inserted block is with the function of " throw automatically and encourage " and " ripple that collapses detection ".
This system comprises demagnetization, phase shift, additional 1, idle plug-in unit, and the new triggering plug-in unit of one (realize " generation six " replace) or two (forming online switched system) band TB:
The pulse gate K of 1. new plug-in unit
1Ground connection (pulse is open), K
2Be used for manual switchover;
2. the output pulse of new plug-in unit TB is used to control the small thyristor 10KGZ of former phase shift plug-in unit, realizes throwing automatically encouraging;
3. other wiring is with 1.
Claims (15)
1, a kind of " GU Generic Unit-inserted block combined trigger " of being made up of links such as synchronous, phase shift, pulse shaping, power amplifier, coupling isolation and fault detects is characterized in that forming (lock unit, branching unit and output unit) by three kinds of unit; Each unit has several circuit inequality separately (lock unit " phase " circuit, branching unit " bat " circuit and output unit " road " circuit); The operation principle of each circuit of same unit, structure composition, manufacturing process, size and adjustment method are all identical, but the quantity difference; Trigger has twice series connection pulse gates (k1 and k2) and the control switch (K1 and K2) in parallel with it; Trigger band collapse ripple testing circuit (TB) and level shifting circuit (TW).
2, right 1 trigger " phase " but the feature of circuit is that a certain synchronised voltage is produced 1,2,3,6 impartial at interval phase-shift pulse, it has four types at " pulse " (360 degree are at interval), " dipulse " (180 degree are at interval), " three pulses " (120 degree are at interval) and " six pulses " (60 degree interval) etc.; Phase-moving method unrestricted (can adopt control of existing synchronized oscillation or orthogonal vertical or step-by-step counting or Current Control is phase-locked or technology such as software programming); Phase-shift circuit can be analog (comprising discrete device) circuit or integrated circuit (comprising special-purpose integrated phase-shift circuit) or digital circuit (comprising DPLL digital phase-locked loop) or hardware and software hybrid (microcomputer, microprocessor, single-chip microcomputer etc.) circuit.
3, the feature of right 1 trigger " bat " circuit is shunt to be carried out in the pulse that its " phase " circuit produces transmit, it have "+1 " (transmit direct impulse+A ,+B ,+C etc.), " 1 " (transmission negative-going pulse-A ,-B ,-C etc.) and " ± 1 " (transmission ± A, ± B, ± C etc.) three types; Its function can be realized by hardware or software (when " phase " circuit adopts microcomputer).
4, the feature of right 1 trigger " road " circuit is to give controllable silicon with each road pulse distribution that " bat " circuit transmits; Have magnetic coupling-optocoupler characteristic concurrently; Its output can insert silicon controlled gate pole and negative electrode or gate pole and anode.
5, the collapse feature of ripple testing circuit (TB) of right 1 trigger is that Ud " shape " to current transformer becomes and monitors, it can generate (when " mutually " circuit employing microcomputer circuit) by hardware (NE555 forms with the MC1413 chip) or by software; By (W21+R1) C and (W22+R2) conversion of C time constant have the function of the detection or the time-delay triggering (start) of " losing wave number " and " slip " concurrently; Be subjected to the control of synchro switch (K3).
6, the feature of right 1 trigger level shifting circuit (TW) is the ripple that collapses to be detected (TB) output signal be converted into " 0 " and level"1" and automatically " open---block " carried out in its output pulse and control; It can generate (when " mutually " circuit adopts microcomputer circuit) by hardware (forming with 4069 chips as 4013) or by software; Level conversion is instantaneous during the open to the outside world pulse finishes, and the level conversion time-delay is finished during " blockade " pulse.
7, the manufacture method of " GU Generic Unit-inserted block combined trigger " is to adopt undersized printed board that three kinds of circuit are made " inserted block " of band connection-peg or " module " or " circuit block " of band lead-in wire of band contact pin, select for use then different classes of, varying number inserted block (or circuit block), dress up required trigger by the method that changes hardware combinations.Combined method can adopt " connecting combination " or " inserting combination ".The feature of " connect combination " be according to actual main circuit connection form requirement, with reference to the inserted block (or circuit block) of the listed data of table one, selected different classes of, varying number, three kinds " circuit blocks " are coupled together by outer lead by the order on " phase " → " bat " → " road " and promptly to can be assembled into required circuits for triggering; The feature of " insert combination " be connect earlier pulse shaping " the M synchronised--W along separate routes---the output of P road " require designing printed circuit board (substrate), comprise the socket position of arranging inserted block, arrange its line, making printed board (substrate), then according to the requirement of actual main circuit connection form, with reference to the listed data of table one, selected different classes of, the inserted block of varying number and relevant socket position thereof, assemble by " insertions " and can obtain required circuits for triggering.
8, right 7 " phase " inserted block or circuit block dissimilar are to adopt in the prior art different circuits for triggering to make, and wherein " monopulse-type " is to adopt the simulation discrete device, as sawtooth waveforms synchronously or sinusoidal wave synchronous transistor circuits for triggering etc. make; " dipulse type " is to adopt circuits for triggering such as application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), unijunction transistor, operational amplifier to make; " six impulse types " is to adopt microcomputer or digital phase-locked loop circuits for triggering to make; Requirement equals the number of phases of the synchronizing voltage got in the combination.
9, right 7 " bat " inserted block or circuit block are to be made by integrated chip KJ041 and MC1413, wherein the feature of "+1 " type be with forward three tunnel output of KJ041 (+A0 ,+B0 ,+C0) amplify output again through the MC1413 two-stage parallel connection; The feature of " 1 " type be with negative sense three tunnel output of KJ041 (A0 ,-B0 ,-C0) amplify output again through the MC1413 two-stage parallel connection; The feature of " ± 1 " type be with positive negative sense six tunnel output of KJ041 (± A0, ± B0, ± C0) amplify output again through MC1413 six tunnel single-stages; In combination, clap or half-wave rectifying circuit is got 1 (wherein common cathode type circuit is got "+1 " type for single, anode type circuit is got " 1 " type altogether), got for 2 (comprising "+1 " type and " 1 " type got) for doublebeat or full-wave rectifying circuit, or get 1 (" ± 1 " type).
10, the optocoupler of right 7 " road " inserted block or circuit block is assembled by plug socket; The magnetic coupling adopts double winding high-frequency inductor magnetic core filter, passes through welding assembly; The requirement silicon controlled number that equals to be triggered in the combination.
11, right 7 printed panels (substrate) designing and manufacturing method is to get " phase " socket number (M) to equal 1 (when selecting six impulse types for use) or 3 (when selecting the dipulse type for use) or 6 (when selecting monopulse-type for use), get " bat " socket number (W) and equaled for 2 (comprising "+1 " type and " 1 " type) or 3 (comprising "+1 ", " 1 " and " ± 1 " type), get " road " socket number (P) and equal 6, connect " phase " → " bat " → " road " sequence arrangement socket position, it is the object placement circuit diagram that three-phase full-controlled bridge is sent out in contact; Substrate can be made into " " phase "-" bat "-" road " " full inserted block structure or " " phase ", " road " inserted block---" bat " circuit " structure or " " phase " inserted block--" bat ", " road " circuit structure "; Adopt the polylith substrate, can be assembled into heterogeneous (ten two-phases, 24 phases ...) trigger.
12, the purposes of " GU Generic Unit-inserted block combined trigger " is supporting, assemble, renovate rectifier, current transformer, voltage regulator, power regulating eqiupment ... the method of attachment of its socket lead-in wire is: the trigger impulse output lead (comprises gate pole g1--g6, negative electrode k1,3,5 or ∑ K and K2, K4, K6, anode A 1,3,5 and A2, A4, A6 or ∑ A) be connected to the corresponding gate pole of main circuit silicon controlled, negative electrode or anode; Pulse gate (k1) and switch (K1) thereof are used for automatic control, connection, lock protection or startup-shutdown operation; Pulse gate (k2) and switch (K2) thereof are used for online manual or automatic switchover; The aanalogvoltage of required 0-10 volt directly or through phase inverter as phase-shifted control signal; Insert 220V/2 * 18V small transformers and be the flip-flop operation power supply (± 15V/+24V) provide AC power, its 220V powers through the current transformer master switch; The negative pole of trigger synchrotrans secondary neutral, phase-shifting voltages, 220V/2 * 18V transformer secondary neutral point link together, to form system's common point (when renovating, by lead-in wire short circuit when plate inserts of its plug).
13, the feature of right 12 " " generation six " (or " generation three ") replace use " is to adopt right 1 trigger to substitute three-phase full-controlled bridge or six or three triggers of half control bridge monopulse-type, and by artificial " insert---extract " operation realize " new---always " trigger is standby each other.
14, the feature of right 12 " the ripple detection alarm of collapsing application " is to adopt right 1 trigger (band TB or band TB and TW) to substitute original six or three triggers, and by artificial " insert---extract " operation realize " new---always " trigger is standby each other; Utilize W
21* C time constant the ripple that collapses detect to be realized manual or automatic locking pulse; Utilize W
22* C time constant makes slippage or time-delay obtains regularly to trigger function.
15, the feature of right 12 " online switch application " is to adopt two (CF1 and CF2) right 1 triggers (band TB or band TB and TW): two triggers are online to be connected in parallel, " work " trigger, another pulse " blockade " work " standby " trigger are made in one pulse open to the outside world; System sends alarm signal during fault, and " standby " trigger is (band TB) or automatic (band TB and TW) online input manually; " fault " trigger allows charged for replacement.
Table one is different classes of, the selected reference table of varying number, diverse location inserted block (or circuit block)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96107625A CN1062093C (en) | 1996-05-24 | 1996-05-24 | Versatile unit-block combined trigger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96107625A CN1062093C (en) | 1996-05-24 | 1996-05-24 | Versatile unit-block combined trigger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1166720A true CN1166720A (en) | 1997-12-03 |
| CN1062093C CN1062093C (en) | 2001-02-14 |
Family
ID=5119677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96107625A Expired - Fee Related CN1062093C (en) | 1996-05-24 | 1996-05-24 | Versatile unit-block combined trigger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1062093C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102255551A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-23 | 上海欧达电气成套设备工程有限公司 | Electrolysis power rectification control system |
| CN102957375A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-06 | 刘群 | Low-medium-high voltage phase shift rotating frequency converter formed by three-phase rectifier bridges and speed regulating system thereof |
| CN104421478A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-03-18 | 通用设备和制造公司 | Switching module for a valve controller |
| CN106067722A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-11-02 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | A kind of signal synchronizing method |
| CN110519918A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-29 | 广东虹勤通讯技术有限公司 | A kind of circuit board and electronic equipment |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2069632U (en) * | 1990-03-24 | 1991-01-16 | 北京市西城新开通用试验厂 | Large thyristor controlled module |
-
1996
- 1996-05-24 CN CN96107625A patent/CN1062093C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102255551A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-23 | 上海欧达电气成套设备工程有限公司 | Electrolysis power rectification control system |
| CN102957375A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-06 | 刘群 | Low-medium-high voltage phase shift rotating frequency converter formed by three-phase rectifier bridges and speed regulating system thereof |
| CN104421478A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-03-18 | 通用设备和制造公司 | Switching module for a valve controller |
| CN104421478B (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2019-02-19 | 通用设备和制造公司 | Switch module for valve control |
| CN106067722A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-11-02 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | A kind of signal synchronizing method |
| CN110519918A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-29 | 广东虹勤通讯技术有限公司 | A kind of circuit board and electronic equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1062093C (en) | 2001-02-14 |
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