CN116667287A - Single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method and single-phase motor - Google Patents

Single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method and single-phase motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116667287A
CN116667287A CN202310711151.7A CN202310711151A CN116667287A CN 116667287 A CN116667287 A CN 116667287A CN 202310711151 A CN202310711151 A CN 202310711151A CN 116667287 A CN116667287 A CN 116667287A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
phase motor
microcontroller
switching element
thermal
control device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310711151.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
豆建平
王志云
王榜利
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SICHUAN JIANENG ELECTROMECHANICAL CO Ltd
Original Assignee
SICHUAN JIANENG ELECTROMECHANICAL CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SICHUAN JIANENG ELECTROMECHANICAL CO Ltd filed Critical SICHUAN JIANENG ELECTROMECHANICAL CO Ltd
Priority to CN202310711151.7A priority Critical patent/CN116667287A/en
Publication of CN116667287A publication Critical patent/CN116667287A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0852—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load directly responsive to abnormal temperature by using a temperature sensor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-phase motor thermal protection control device, a method and a single-phase motor. The microcontroller is directly connected with the thermal protector, so that the current passing through the thermal protector when the single-phase motor works is small, and even if the thermal protector acts repeatedly, the contacts are difficult to burn. Meanwhile, the microcontroller is provided with more ports, and a plurality of thermal protectors can be connected in an expanding mode, so that the situation that the single-phase motor cannot be comprehensively thermally protected by only adopting one thermal protector is avoided.

Description

Single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method and single-phase motor
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of single-phase motors, and in particular, to a single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method, and a single-phase motor.
Background
Asynchronous motors that employ a single-phase ac power supply are referred to as single-phase asynchronous motors. The single-phase asynchronous motor only needs single-phase alternating current, so the motor is convenient to use and wide in application, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small noise, small interference to a radio system and the like, is commonly used in household appliances and small power machines with low power, such as electric fans, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, smoke ventilators, electric drills, medical appliances, small fans, household water pumps and the like, is widely applied to various mechanical accessories, and can not normally work due to unstable voltage or change of load.
In order to avoid damage caused by overhigh temperature of the single-phase asynchronous motor during operation, a thermal protector is generally connected in series in a winding and is installed and fixed on the winding, when the motor is overheated and overflows, a power supply can be directly cut off to protect the motor winding, but by adopting the thermal protection mode, the current passing through the thermal protector is very large, if the thermal protector acts repeatedly, the contacts of the thermal protector are very likely to be burnt, and the service life of the thermal protector is shortened; moreover, in single-phase asynchronous motors, a thermal protector is usually used for thermal protection, which loses the protection of the motor once damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of single protection function of the single-phase motor, the invention provides a single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method and the single-phase motor, which avoid directly connecting a thermal protector in a winding in series, so that the current passing through the thermal protector when the single-phase motor works is small, and even if the thermal protector acts repeatedly, contacts are hard to burn.
In a first aspect, a single-phase motor thermal protection control device includes: a microcontroller, a switching element, and at least one thermal protector; the switching element is connected in series in a power supply input line of the single-phase motor, and the thermal protector is arranged inside the single-phase motor; the microcontroller is respectively and electrically connected with the control end of the switching element and the two lead ends of each thermal protector, and is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor and display fault information when detecting that the thermal protector performs specified actions.
Further, the microcontroller is configured to have a first type of port for providing an electrical signal applied to the thermal protector and a second type of port for detecting an electrical signal applied to the thermal protector;
the two lead ends of each thermal protector are respectively and electrically connected to a first type port and a second type port provided by the microcontroller to form a detection passage of the electric signals; the microcontroller is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when a specified change occurs in the detection state of the second type of port.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: the current sensor is used for collecting working current information of the single-phase motor; the current sensor is electrically connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when detecting that current information acquired by the current sensor reaches a set condition.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: and the display module is electrically connected to the display interface of the microcontroller so as to display fault information output by the microcontroller.
Further, the microcontroller and the switching element are arranged on a circuit board.
Further, the switching element is a thyristor or a relay.
The method for thermally protecting the single-phase motor by using the single-phase motor thermal protection control device comprises an overheat protection step, wherein when the microcontroller detects that the thermal protector performs specified actions, the microcontroller controls the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor.
Further, the method also comprises an overcurrent protection and locked rotor protection step, wherein the microcontroller is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when detecting that the current information acquired by the current sensor reaches a rated current setting condition or a locked rotor current setting condition; the rated current setting condition is that the working current reaches a rated current threshold value and lasts for a first time; the rated current setting condition is that the working current reaches the locked-rotor current threshold value and lasts for a second time.
A single phase motor comprising: the main winding, the auxiliary winding, the capacitor circuit and the single-phase motor thermal protection control device are connected in series to form an auxiliary winding loop, and the main winding and the auxiliary winding loop are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the switching element.
Further, at least one of the thermal protectors is provided on the primary winding and/or the secondary winding.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the single-phase motor thermal protection control device and the single-phase motor, the microcontroller is respectively and electrically connected with the control end of the switching element and the two lead ends of one or more thermal protectors, and when the microcontroller is configured to detect that the thermal protector performs specified actions, the switching element is controlled to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor. Because the microcontroller is directly connected with the thermal protector, the current passing through the thermal protector when the single-phase motor works is very small, and even if the microcontroller acts repeatedly, the contacts are difficult to burn. Meanwhile, the microcontroller is provided with more ports, and a plurality of thermal protectors can be connected in an expanding mode, so that the situation that the single-phase motor cannot be comprehensively thermally protected by only adopting one thermal protector is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal protection control device for a single-phase motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a microcontroller to a thermal protector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal protection control device for a single-phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control relationship of a microcontroller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a thermal protection control device for a single-phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase motor according to the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the single-phase motor thermal protection control device 100 provided by the present invention includes: a microcontroller, a switching element and n thermal protectors (n is larger than or equal to 1); the switching element is used for connecting or disconnecting a power supply input line of the single-phase motor, and the thermal protector is used for being arranged inside the single-phase motor;
and the microcontroller is respectively and electrically connected with the control end of the switching element and the two lead ends of each thermal protector, and is configured to control the switching element to disconnect the power supply input line of the single-phase motor when the specified action of the thermal protector is detected. For example, the thermal protector is normally open, when the operating temperature is reached, the contact closing action is performed, and when the microprocessor detects that the thermal protector performs the contact closing action, the switching element is controlled to be opened; similarly, the thermal protector is normally closed, and when the operating temperature is reached, the contact opening operation is performed, and when the microprocessor detects that the thermal protector has the contact opening operation, the microprocessor controls the switching element to be opened.
Because the microcontroller is directly connected with the thermal protector, the current passing through the thermal protector when the single-phase motor works is very small, and even if the microcontroller acts repeatedly, the contacts are difficult to burn. Meanwhile, the microcontroller is provided with more ports, and a plurality of thermal protectors can be connected in an expanding mode, so that the situation that the single-phase motor cannot be comprehensively thermally protected by only adopting one thermal protector is avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, taking a single-phase motor thermal protection control device as an example including two thermal protectors, a microcontroller is configured to have a first type of port (A1, A2) and a second type of port (B1, B2), and the first type of port (A1, A2) is used to provide an electrical signal applied to the thermal protector, and the second type of port (B1, B2) is used to detect the electrical signal applied to the thermal protector;
the two lead ends of the thermal protector 1 are respectively provided with a first type port A1 and a second type port B1 by the microcontroller; the two lead ends of the thermal protector 2 are respectively provided with a first type port A2 and a second type port B2 by the microcontroller; thus, the thermal protector 1 and the thermal protector 2 respectively form detection paths of the electric signals provided by the first type of ports with the microcontroller; meanwhile, the microcontroller is configured to control the switching element to disconnect the power supply input line of the single-phase motor when the detection state of any one of the second type ports (B1, B2) changes in a specified manner.
In this embodiment, the first type of port (A1, A2) is used to provide an electrical signal applied to the thermal protector as a current signal, and then the second type of port (B1, B2) is used to detect the current signal applied to the thermal protector; if the thermal protector is normally open, when the operating temperature is reached, the contact closing action is carried out, so that the two lead ends are communicated, correspondingly, the detection state of the second type port of the microprocessor is changed from the state of not detecting the current signal to the state of detecting the current signal, and the microcontroller is required to control the switching element to be switched off; similarly, the thermal protector is normally closed, when the operating temperature is reached, the contacts are opened, so that the two lead ends are opened, correspondingly, the detection state of the second type port of the microprocessor is converted from the detected current signal to the undetected current signal, and the microcontroller is required to control the switching element to be opened.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the single-phase motor thermal protection control device 100 of the present invention further includes: the current sensor is used for collecting working current information of the single-phase motor; and the microcontroller is electrically connected with the current sensor and is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when detecting that the current information acquired by the current sensor reaches a set condition.
Specifically, the microcontroller is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when detecting that the current information acquired by the current sensor reaches a rated current setting condition or a locked-rotor current setting condition;
the rated current setting condition is that the working current reaches a rated current threshold value and lasts for a first time; the rated current setting condition is that the working current reaches the locked-rotor current threshold value and lasts for a second time.
Taking a single-phase asynchronous motor applied to 3KW as an example, the working current is 17.6A under the rated power, so that the rated current threshold value is 20A, the duration time is 30 seconds as the rated current setting condition, if the current reaches 21A when the motor operates and the duration time reaches 30 seconds, the microcontroller judges that the rated current setting condition (namely overcurrent) is reached, and the switching element is controlled to disconnect the power supply input line of the single-phase motor; meanwhile, the locked-rotor current threshold value is 70A, the duration is 3 seconds as a locked-rotor current setting condition, if the running current of the motor reaches 70A and the time reaches 3 seconds, the microcontroller judges that the locked-rotor current setting condition (namely short circuit) is reached, and the switching element is controlled to disconnect the power supply input line of the single-phase motor.
In this embodiment, the control relationship of the microcontroller is specifically shown in fig. 4, and when in operation, the microcontroller obtains the detection state of the second type port and obtains the working current information collected by the current transformer; then, judging whether the second type port does not detect the electric signal provided by the first type port according to the detection state of the second type port, and outputting the electric signal for controlling the switching element to be switched off if the second type port does not detect the electric signal provided by the first type port; meanwhile, according to the working current information collected by the current transformer, whether the rated current setting condition and/or the locked-rotor current setting condition are/is met or not is judged, and if so, an electric signal for controlling the switching element to be switched off is output.
As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the microcontroller is configured to have a display interface, and to output fault information for controlling the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor through the display interface. Fault information such as overheat fault (with thermal protector open), overcurrent (reaching rated current setting condition), short circuit (reaching locked-rotor current setting condition); of course, the microcontroller may also output basic information such as current information (voltage information) through the display interface.
Specifically, the single-phase motor thermal protection control device of the invention further comprises: and the display module is electrically connected to a display interface of the microcontroller so as to display the fault information output by the microcontroller. The display interface configured by the microcontroller is matched with the display input interface of the display module, for example, the display module can be an LED nixie tube or an LCD segment code liquid crystal screen, and correspondingly, the microcontroller is configured with the I/O interface as the display interface to be connected with the LED nixie tube or the LCD segment code liquid crystal screen in a display way.
In one embodiment, the microcontroller, the switching element are provided on a single circuit board; specifically, the circuit board adopts a PCB board, and the PCB board can protect the microcontroller and the switching element due to the fact that larger current can pass through the PCB board; meanwhile, metal wiring, connection points and connection terminals, and connection points or connection terminals for connecting a power supply input line of a single-phase motor are manufactured on a PCB board based on connection relations of a microcontroller with a switching element, a thermal protector, a current transformer and a display module. In practice, the switching element is a thyristor or a relay.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention also provides a single-phase motor 10 including: the main winding 200, the auxiliary winding 300, the capacitor circuit 400 and the single-phase motor thermal protection control device 100.
Specifically, at least one thermal protector is provided on the main winding 200 and/or the sub-winding 300; meanwhile, according to different starting and running performance requirements of the single-phase motor, the capacitor circuit 400 can be any of three structures of a running capacitor, a starting capacitor and a centrifugal switch, and the running capacitor is connected in parallel with the starting capacitor and the centrifugal switch.
Specifically, in the single-phase motor thermal protection control device 100, the microcontroller and the switching element are assembled in the housing of the single-phase motor in the form of a circuit board, the current sensor is disposed on a power supply line of the single-phase motor, and the display module is disposed outside the housing by penetrating out of the housing of the single-phase motor through a connecting line.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and features of the invention and the advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (10)

1. A single-phase motor thermal protection control device, characterized by comprising: a microcontroller, a switching element, and at least one thermal protector; the switching element is connected in series in a power supply input line of the single-phase motor, and the thermal protector is arranged inside the single-phase motor; the microcontroller is respectively and electrically connected with the control end of the switching element and the two lead ends of each thermal protector, and is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor and display fault information when detecting that the thermal protector performs specified actions.
2. The single phase motor thermal protection control device of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is configured to have a first type of port for providing an electrical signal applied to the thermal protector and a second type of port for detecting an electrical signal applied to the thermal protector;
the two lead ends of each thermal protector are respectively and electrically connected to a first type port and a second type port provided by the microcontroller to form a detection passage of the electric signals; the microcontroller is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when a specified change occurs in the detection state of the second type of port.
3. The single-phase motor thermal protection control device according to claim 2, further comprising: the current sensor is used for collecting working current information of the single-phase motor; the current sensor is electrically connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when detecting that current information acquired by the current sensor reaches a set condition.
4. A single phase motor thermal protection control device as claimed in claim 3, further comprising: and the display module is electrically connected to the display interface of the microcontroller so as to display fault information output by the microcontroller.
5. The thermal protection control device for a single-phase motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microcontroller and the switching element are disposed on a circuit board.
6. The thermal protection control device for a single-phase motor according to claim 5, wherein the switching element is a thyristor or a relay.
7. A method for thermal protection of a single-phase motor, based on the implementation of a thermal protection control device for a single-phase motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising an overheat protection step, wherein the microcontroller controls the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when detecting that a specified action occurs in the thermal protector.
8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising an overcurrent protection and locked-rotor protection step, wherein the microcontroller is configured to control the switching element to disconnect a power supply input line of the single-phase motor when detecting that the current information collected by the current sensor reaches a rated current setting condition or a locked-rotor current setting condition; the rated current setting condition is that the working current reaches a rated current threshold value and lasts for a first time; the rated current setting condition is that the working current reaches the locked-rotor current threshold value and lasts for a second time.
9. A single-phase motor, comprising: the main winding, the auxiliary winding, the capacitor circuit and the single-phase motor thermal protection control device according to any one of claims 1-6 are connected in series to form an auxiliary winding loop, and the main winding and the auxiliary winding loop are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the switching element.
10. Single phase motor according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one of the thermal protectors is provided on the primary winding and/or the secondary winding.
CN202310711151.7A 2023-06-15 2023-06-15 Single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method and single-phase motor Pending CN116667287A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310711151.7A CN116667287A (en) 2023-06-15 2023-06-15 Single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method and single-phase motor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310711151.7A CN116667287A (en) 2023-06-15 2023-06-15 Single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method and single-phase motor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116667287A true CN116667287A (en) 2023-08-29

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ID=87713629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310711151.7A Pending CN116667287A (en) 2023-06-15 2023-06-15 Single-phase motor thermal protection control device and method and single-phase motor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116667287A (en)

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