CN116666690A - Control method, device, equipment and medium for low-temperature starting of fuel cell engine - Google Patents
Control method, device, equipment and medium for low-temperature starting of fuel cell engine Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
- H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method, a device, equipment and a medium for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell engine, which comprise the following steps: determining a target single voltage and a target overall output current of a galvanic pile in the fuel cell engine according to the starting ambient temperature; after the current pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target integral output current, determining the current single voltage of the current pile; determining cathode pressure regulation information and cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile according to the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage; and regulating the electric pile according to the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information until the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and determining that the engine is started successfully when the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature. The method combines the cell voltage and the whole output current to regulate the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow, so that the cell voltage of the cell can reach the target value more quickly, the cell can generate more heat and the cell consistency is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium for controlling low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine.
Background
The existing fuel cell engine carries out self-heating and temperature rising on a pile through pulling load current in the cold starting process, the pile output power is unstable in the starting process, the pile heat generation amount is unstable and cannot be quantified, a thermal management strategy cannot respond timely, the temperature rising process is difficult to control, the pile heat loss can be caused by the operation of a water pump in the temperature rising process, the cold starting time is long, and the cold starting reliability of the fuel cell engine is low and the time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a control method, a device, equipment and a medium for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell engine, which are used for solving the problems of long cold starting time, low reliability and long time consumption of the cold starting of the fuel cell engine caused by high control difficulty in a temperature rising process and heat loss caused by a water pump in the temperature rising process due to unstable output power of a galvanic pile in the starting process.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method of low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine, comprising:
Determining a target single voltage and a target overall output current of a galvanic pile in the fuel cell engine according to the starting ambient temperature;
after the current pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target integral output current, determining the current single voltage of the current pile;
determining cathode pressure regulation information and cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile according to the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage;
and regulating the electric pile according to the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information until the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and determining that the engine is started successfully when the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control device for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine, comprising:
pile parameter determining module: the method comprises the steps of determining a target single cell voltage and a target overall output current of a pile in a fuel cell engine according to a starting ambient temperature;
the current cell voltage determining module of the electric pile: the method comprises the steps of determining the current single voltage of a galvanic pile after the galvanic pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target overall output current;
pile adjustment information determining module: the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage;
An engine starting module: and the control unit is used for adjusting the electric pile according to the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value and the temperature of the outlet of the electric pile reaches the target temperature to determine that the engine is started successfully.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of controlling low temperature start of a fuel cell engine of any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to execute a control method of low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the target single cell voltage and the target overall output current of the electric pile in the fuel cell engine are determined according to the starting environment temperature, and the step of determining the target single cell voltage and the target overall output current of the engine electric pile according to the environment temperature of the fuel cell can reduce the energy loss in the starting process. After the current cell voltage of the electric pile is determined after the electric pile is pulled to reach the target integral output current, the current cell voltage of the electric pile is determined through the target integral output current, and the difference between the current cell voltage of the electric pile and the target cell voltage is reduced. And the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage, and the monomer voltage is regulated by regulating the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow, so that the efficiency of regulating the monomer voltage is improved, and the accuracy of the regulation information is improved by regulating the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage. And adjusting the electric pile according to the cathode pressure adjusting information and the cathode air flow adjusting information until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value and the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature to determine that the engine is started successfully. The method combines the cell voltage and the whole output current to regulate the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow, so that the cell voltage can reach the target value more rapidly and accurately, thereby ensuring that the cell itself generates more heat and simultaneously ensuring the uniformity of the cells.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description that follows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling low temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another method for controlling low temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for controlling low temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for controlling low temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device embodying an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "candidate," "target," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a control method for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method may be performed by a control device for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine, and the control device for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine may be implemented in hardware and/or software, and the control device for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine may be configured in the control device for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s110, determining a target single cell voltage and a target overall output current of a pile in the fuel cell engine according to the starting environment temperature.
The starting environment temperature is the temperature of the surrounding environment of the fuel cell during starting, the electric pile is a power source of the fuel cell, each small electric pile unit is formed by stacking a plurality of membrane electrodes and bipolar plates, and the electric pile of the fuel cell is formed by stacking a plurality of small electric pile units. The target cell voltage is the voltage that the stack needs to reach when it is able to generate the heat required to start the engine. The target overall input current is the overall output current that the stack is required to achieve when it is able to generate the heat required to start the engine.
Specifically, the electric pile in the fuel cell engine is determined according to the temperature of the surrounding environment where the fuel cell is located, and the target single voltage and the target overall output current corresponding to the heat required for starting the engine can be generated.
By way of example, assuming that the fuel cell is at an ambient temperature of-30 ℃, the target cell voltage is set to 0.2V.
Optionally, determining the target cell voltage and the target overall output current of the electric stack in the fuel cell engine according to the starting ambient temperature includes steps A1-A3:
and A1, determining the total self-generated heat of the electric pile according to the starting ambient temperature and the target temperature.
The target temperature may be a temperature that the galvanic pile needs to reach, that is, the normal start of the engine can be realized after the galvanic pile reaches the target temperature. The total self-generated heat of the electric pile is the total heat generated by the electric pile in the heating process when the engine is successfully started.
Specifically, the total self-generated heat of the electric pile is determined according to the temperature of the surrounding environment where the fuel cell is located and the target temperature of the electric pile. The determination mode can be determined according to the attribute information of the internal components of the engine or according to long-term production experience.
A2, determining a target monomer voltage corresponding to the starting environment temperature according to the total self-generated heat of the galvanic pile and a monomer voltage model constructed in advance; wherein the cell voltage model is constructed according to the relationship between the cell voltage of the fuel cell stack and the heat generation rate of the stack.
The voltage of the single cell is the voltage of the single cell when the electric pile works normally. The heat generation rate of the cell stack refers to the amount of heat that the cell stack can generate per second.
The influence of the cell voltage of the cell on the heat production rate of the cell is determined according to the attribute information of the cell, a cell voltage model is further determined, total self-generated heat of the cell is input into the cell voltage model, and a target voltage value corresponding to the total self-generated heat of the cell is obtained.
And A3, determining a target overall output current according to the target single body voltage and the engine accessory power.
Wherein, the power of the generator accessories is the sum of the power required by each accessory of the generator during the cold start process.
Specifically, the target overall output current is determined according to the target monomer voltage and the power of the generator accessory, wherein the determination mode is obtained by calculation according to a voltage current power calculation formula, namely, the target overall output current=target monomer voltage/generator accessory power.
S120, after the pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target integral output current, determining the current single voltage of the pile.
The pulling load can be a process of converting current through a transformer.
Specifically, the current of the electric pile is carried out by a transformer, and the current single voltage of the electric pile, namely the current actual value of the single voltage of the electric pile, is obtained in real time after the current is carried to the target overall output current.
S130, cathode pressure regulation information and cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage.
The cathode pressure adjusting information is parameter information for adjusting the pressure in a cathode cavity of the electric pile;
the cathode air flow rate adjustment information is parameter information for adjusting the air flow rate in the cathode cavity of the electric pile.
Specifically, the adjustment of the cell voltage can be achieved by adjusting the pressure and air flow in the cathode cavity of the stack. Therefore, the adjusting information of the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow rate is determined according to the difference between the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage, so that the current cell voltage can reach the target cell voltage quickly after the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow rate are respectively adjusted according to the adjusting information. And S140, regulating the electric pile according to the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value and the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature, so as to determine that the engine is started successfully.
The preset threshold may be a deviation value between a current monomer voltage and a target monomer voltage, which is determined according to actual production requirements and can ensure normal operation of the engine, and may be, for example, 0.03V. The stack outlet temperature may be the temperature of the intersection region of the cathode and anode of the stack, or may be the stack cathode outlet temperature or the anode outlet temperature alone. The target temperature may be a temperature that the stack outlet needs to reach to ensure engine start.
Specifically, the electric pile is regulated according to the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information, the oxygen starvation degree is controlled mainly by regulating the cathode air flow and the cathode air flow, the current single voltage of the electric pile is continuously increased, the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is continuously judged until the difference value between the current single voltage of the electric pile and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value, whether the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature is judged at the moment, and if the outlet temperature reaches the target temperature, the engine is successfully started. The itch starvation can be a process that oxygen is gradually consumed along the flow channel direction after being introduced into the fuel cell, so that the concentration is gradually reduced, the oxygen is almost consumed to the outlet of the flow channel, and the oxygen supply is insufficient, so that extremely high concentration polarization is caused.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the target single cell voltage and the target overall output current of the electric pile in the fuel cell engine are determined according to the starting environment temperature, and the step of determining the target single cell voltage and the target overall output current of the engine electric pile according to the environment temperature of the fuel cell can reduce the energy loss in the starting process. After the current cell voltage of the electric pile is determined after the electric pile is pulled to reach the target integral output current, the current cell voltage of the electric pile is determined through the target integral output current, and the difference between the current cell voltage of the electric pile and the target cell voltage is reduced. And the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage, and the monomer voltage is regulated by regulating the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow, so that the efficiency of regulating the monomer voltage is improved, and the accuracy of the regulation information is improved by regulating the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage. And adjusting the electric pile according to the cathode pressure adjusting information and the cathode air flow adjusting information until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value and the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature to determine that the engine is started successfully. The method combines the cell voltage and the whole output current to regulate the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow, so that the cell voltage can reach the target value more rapidly and accurately, thereby ensuring that the cell itself generates more heat and simultaneously ensuring the uniformity of the cells.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of another control method for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is optimized based on the present embodiment and the above embodiments. As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
s210, determining a target single cell voltage and a target overall output current of a pile in the fuel cell engine according to the starting environment temperature.
S220, after the pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target integral output current, determining the current single voltage of the pile.
S230, determining a cathode pressure adjusting weight and a cathode air flow adjusting weight according to the difference value between the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage and the change rate of the difference value based on the weight adjusting fuzzy controller.
The weight adjusting fuzzy controller may be a controller that determines the cathode pressure adjusting weight and the cathode air flow adjusting weight according to a fuzzy rule in the process of controlling the controlled object. The fuzzy rule can be a language control rule which is relatively perfect according to experience and data of on-site operators.
Specifically, the target monomer voltage is used as an initial set value, namely an expected value which needs to be reached by the current monomer voltage of the controlled variable, the difference value and the difference value change rate of the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage are used as the input of the system, fuzzy reasoning is carried out according to a fuzzy control rule table, the respective duty ratio of the cathode regulation pressure and the cathode air flow is obtained, and the cathode pressure regulation weight and the cathode air flow regulation weight are obtained through defuzzification.
The air path accessory can be a device capable of providing clean and dry air, and the duty ratio rule between the flow and the pressure of the fuzzy controller is confirmed, for example, the built fuzzy controller selects a two-dimensional controller and is a dual-input single-output model. The input of the controller is the difference e between the actual value of the monomer voltage and the target value and the change rate ec of the difference between the actual value of the monomer voltage and the target value respectively, and the output u is the weight occupied by the flow in the process of adjusting the cathode pressure and the flow. The input and output variables e, ec and U are converted into corresponding fuzzy variables E, EC and U. Wherein the input variable E corresponds to eight (but not limited to 8) fuzzy subsets of negative large, negative medium, negative small, zero negative, zero positive, positive small, medium, positive large. EC corresponds to seven fuzzy subsets (but is not limited to 7) of negative large, negative medium, negative small, zero, positive small, median, positive large. U corresponds to seven fuzzy subsets of negative big, negative medium, negative small, zero, positive small, median, positive big. By describing the relationships between these status words, the control rules among the controllers and thus the relationships of the input variables to the output variables can be confirmed. The control rules were confirmed based on calibration experience as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| EC/E | NB | NM | NS | Z- | Z+ | PS | PM | PB |
| NB | PB | PB | PM | PS | PS | PS | Z | Z |
| NM | PB | PB | PM | PS | PS | Z | Z | Z |
| NS | PB | PB | PS | PS | Z | Z | PS | PB |
| Z | PB | PM | PS | Z | Z | NS | NM | NB |
| PS | NB | NS | Z | Z | NS | NS | NB | NB |
| PM | Z | Z | Z | NS | NS | NM | NB | NB |
| PB | Z | Z | NS | NS | NS | NM | NB | NB |
Fuzzy rule: for example if e is NS and ec is PS, then u is Z, when the difference e between the actual value of the monomer and the target value is Positive (PB), and the rate of change ec of the difference between the actual value of the monomer and the target value is Negative (NB), this indicates that the input monomer voltage deviates relatively much from the target value, but its rate of change is relatively slow, at which time the output u needs to be further signaled to determine how it will change, so that the fuzzy control variable is zero (Z) at this time. And similarly, the fuzzy control rule in the above table can be used. The fuzzy rule in the weight adjustment fuzzy controller is determined according to the influence degree of the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow on the cell voltage.
The rules in the rule base are independently stored and independently responded to the system by adopting a parallel method, and finally the control effect is synthesized by the distribution response of each rule, so that after the fuzzy control rule is well prepared, the fuzzy controller outputs fuzzy quantity, so that the fuzzy controller needs to be defuzzified by adopting a weighted average method, and the respective duty ratio of cathode regulation pressure and cathode air flow in the regulation process is finally obtained. According to the performance of the galvanic pile at low temperature, confirming the fuzzy control rules in the process of adjusting the cathode flow and the pressure by the fuzzy controller at the temperature of the corresponding galvanic pile cooling liquid, for example, when the deviation between the monomer voltage and the target value reaches-0.05V (but not limited to 0.05V), the cathode flow is preferentially adjusted to be 80 percent, the pressure adjustment ratio is 20 percent, the flow is up-regulated by 10g/s (but not limited to 10 g/s), and the pressure is up-regulated by 0.01bar (but not limited to 0.01 bar).
S240, based on the pressure amplitude adjusting fuzzy controller, determining the cathode pressure adjusting amplitude according to the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage.
Specifically, the input of the pressure amplitude adjusting fuzzy controller is the difference between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage, the output is the analog quantity of the cathode pressure adjusting amplitude, the analog quantity of the cathode pressure adjusting amplitude is defuzzified by adopting a weighted average method, the cathode pressure adjusting amplitude is obtained, and the fuzzy rule of the pressure amplitude adjusting fuzzy controller is determined according to the influence degree of the cathode pressure on the monomer voltage.
S250, based on the flow amplitude adjusting fuzzy controller, determining the cathode air flow adjusting amplitude according to the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage.
Specifically, the input of the flow amplitude adjusting fuzzy controller is the difference between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage, the output is the analog quantity of the cathode flow amplitude adjusting amplitude, the analog quantity of the cathode pressure adjusting amplitude is defuzzified by adopting a weighted average method, the cathode flow amplitude adjusting amplitude is obtained, and the fuzzy rule of the flow amplitude adjusting fuzzy controller is determined according to the influence degree of the cathode flow on the monomer voltage.
And S260, adjusting the electric pile through the decoupling controller according to the cathode pressure adjusting information and the cathode air flow adjusting information respectively until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value and the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature, so as to determine that the engine is started successfully.
The decoupling controller adopts a certain structure, and finds a proper control rule to eliminate the mutual coupling relation among various control loops of the system, so that each input only controls a corresponding output, and each output only receives the action of one control.
Specifically, the coupling relation between the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode control flow regulation information is eliminated through the decoupling controller, the electric pile is regulated according to the decoupled information, whether the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage meets a preset threshold value or not is continuously judged in the regulation process, the electric pile is continuously regulated until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage of the electric pile is smaller than the preset threshold value, whether the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature or not is judged at the moment, and if the outlet temperature reaches the target temperature, the engine is determined to be started successfully.
The cathode flow estimated by the fuzzy controller and the target value of pressure regulation are input to a cathode decoupling controller, the air compressor rotating speed and the back pressure valve opening degree are respectively controlled to regulate the imprinting air flow and the cathode pressure until the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature to determine that the engine is started successfully. Avoiding the influence of the interaction between the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow during the adjustment on the adjustment of the monomer voltage.
According to the technical scheme, the single body voltage in the cold starting process is regulated by adopting a fuzzy control theory, so that the target voltage can be rapidly reached, and the single body consistency is ensured; the cathode air flow and the cathode pressure of the electric pile are decoupled, so that the required power is output while the target single voltage is achieved according to actual requirements.
Example III
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of another control method for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is optimized based on the above embodiments. As shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
s310, determining a target single cell voltage and a target overall output current of a pile in the fuel cell engine according to the starting environment temperature.
S320, after the pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target integral output current, determining the current single voltage of the pile.
S330, cathode pressure regulation information and cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage.
S340, determining corresponding target cathode pressure and target cathode air flow according to the target monomer voltage based on the association relation between the preset monomer voltage, the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow.
The correlation between the predetermined monomer voltage, the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow can be set according to actual production requirements, and can be calibrated according to experimental data.
Specifically, the establishment of the association relationship between the pre-determined monomer voltage, the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow can be determined by adopting an experimental test calibration mode, namely, the pile is pressurized, the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow of the pile under different voltages are measured, and the association relationship is established according to the actual data obtained by measurement. The association relationship can also be determined according to data information obtained from long-term working experience.
And S350, adjusting the electric pile according to the cathode pressure adjusting information and the cathode air flow adjusting information on the basis of taking the target cathode pressure and the target cathode air flow as initial adjusting values until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value and the temperature of the outlet of the electric pile reaches the target temperature, so as to determine that the engine is started successfully.
Specifically, the target cathode pressure and the target cathode air flow are used as initial adjustment values, the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow of the electric pile are adjusted according to the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information, so that the current single voltage of the electric pile is changed, the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is continuously judged until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature, so that the engine is determined to be started successfully.
Optionally, before the stack outlet temperature reaches the target temperature, the method further comprises steps A4-A6:
and A4, determining a corresponding target cooling liquid outlet flow according to the target monomer voltage based on a correlation between the preset monomer voltage and the cooling liquid outlet flow.
The association relationship between the predetermined monomer voltage and the coolant outlet flow can be set according to the implementation production requirement, and can also be determined through experimental tests. The target coolant flow rate may be a flow rate of coolant that the fuel cell should output when the stack reaches the target cell voltage.
Specifically, the establishment of the association relationship between the predetermined monomer voltage and the coolant outlet flow can be determined by adopting an experimental test calibration mode, namely, the pile is pressurized, the magnitude of the coolant outlet flow under different voltages is measured, and the association relationship is established according to the actual data obtained by measurement. The association relationship can also be determined according to data information obtained from long-term working experience.
And step A5, determining the rotating speed of the target water pump according to the outlet flow of the target cooling liquid.
The target rotational speed of the water pump may be a rotational speed that the water pump should reach when the target coolant outlet flow rate is reached.
Specifically, when the coolant outlet flow reaches the target coolant outlet flow, the rotation speed of the water pump is obtained through measurement and is used as the target water pump rotation speed.
And A6, in the process of adjusting the electric pile according to the cathode pressure adjusting information and the cathode air flow adjusting information, adjusting the current water pump rotating speed according to the current temperature rising rate and the current temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the electric pile by taking the target water pump rotating speed as an initial value.
Specifically, the electric pile is adjusted according to the cathode pressure adjusting information and the cathode air flow adjusting information, the temperature of the electric pile can rise in the adjusting process, the rotating speed of the target water pump is taken as an initial value at the moment, and the current rotating speed of the water pump is adjusted according to the current heating rate and the current temperature of cooling liquid at the outlet of the electric pile.
In the cold start process, the voltage of the target monomer is adjusted to heat the electric pile automatically, and meanwhile, according to the self-heat-generating rate of the electric pile under the corresponding voltage of the monomer, the corresponding water pump rotating speed is calibrated on the test bench through testing, so that the electric pile monomer consistency is guaranteed to be good under the corresponding rotating speed, and meanwhile, the electric pile is heated quickly by preserving heat as much as possible, for example, when the voltage of the target monomer is 0.2V, the electric pile temperature is-20 ℃, and the corresponding rotating speed of the water pump is 1000rpm. Meanwhile, the rotating speed of the electric pile is regulated according to the heating rate of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the main waterway of the electric pile, and the regulation mode also needs to calibrate a table of the heating rate and the regulating rotating speed of a water pump on a test bed so as to ensure that the temperature of the main waterway of the electric pile cannot be overtemperature in the heating process of the electric pile, for example, the heating rate of the outlet temperature of the main waterway of the electric pile reaches 1 ℃/s (but not limited to 1 ℃/s), and the rotating speed of the water pump is regulated by 500rpm (but not limited to 500 rpm). Wherein rpm is the rotational speed.
According to the technical scheme, the current monomer voltage of the electric pile is regulated through the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information, so that the consistency of the monomers is ensured while the target voltage can be rapidly reached; meanwhile, the rotating speed of the water pump is regulated through the temperature rising rate of the electric pile in the initial stage of cold start of the generator, so that the electric pile is protected from overtemperature, and meanwhile, heat is accumulated as much as possible.
Example IV
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a control method for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, according to the actual ambient temperature before cold start, the target current and the single target voltage in the engine starting process are confirmed, after the current of the electric pile is carried to the target value through the transformer, the actual single voltage is regulated according to the target voltage, the duty ratio of cathode pressure and flow regulation is obtained through the fuzzy controller according to the difference between the actual single voltage and the target single voltage, the amplitudes of the cathode flow and the pressure regulation are confirmed through the other two fuzzy controllers, the control of the cathode pressure and the flow is realized through the decoupling controller, the single voltage rapidly reaches the target value, the deviation is lower than 0.03V (but not limited to 0.03V), meanwhile, the rotating speed of the water pump is regulated according to the self-generated heat quantity of the electric pile corresponding to the single voltage, the water pump is regulated according to the observed temperature rising rate of the electric pile, the water pump is regulated, and after the temperature of the electric pile reaches the target value, the cold start of the engine is successful, and the response power request is started.
Example five
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes:
pile parameter determination module 410: for determining a target cell voltage and a target overall output current of a stack in a fuel cell engine based on a start-up ambient temperature.
Optionally, the pile parameter determining module 410 includes:
a total heat of self-production determining unit of the electric pile: and the method is used for determining the total self-generated heat of the electric pile according to the starting ambient temperature and the target temperature.
Target cell voltage determining unit: the method comprises the steps of determining a target monomer voltage corresponding to a starting environment temperature according to total self-generated heat of a galvanic pile and a monomer voltage model constructed in advance; wherein the cell voltage model is constructed according to the relationship between the cell voltage of the fuel cell stack and the heat generation rate of the stack.
A target overall output current determination unit: for determining a target overall output current based on the target cell voltage and the engine accessory power.
The stack current cell voltage determination module 420: and the current single voltage of the electric pile is determined after the electric pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target integral output current.
Pile adjustment information determination module 430: and the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage.
Optionally, the pile adjustment information determining module 430 includes:
an adjustment weight determination unit: and the cathode pressure adjusting weight and the cathode air flow adjusting weight are determined according to the difference value between the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage and the change rate of the difference value.
An adjustment amplitude determination unit: and the cathode pressure regulating amplitude and the cathode air flow regulating amplitude of the electric pile are determined according to the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage.
Optionally, the adjustment amplitude determining unit includes:
cathode pressure adjustment amplitude subunit: and the controller is used for adjusting the fuzzy controller based on the pressure amplitude, and determining the cathode pressure adjusting amplitude according to the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage.
Cathode air flow adjustment amplitude subunit: and the controller is used for adjusting the fuzzy controller based on the flow amplitude and determining the cathode air flow adjustment amplitude according to the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage.
Pile adjusting subunit: the galvanic pile is adjusted by the decoupling controller according to the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information, respectively.
The engine start module 440: and the control unit is used for adjusting the electric pile according to the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value and the temperature of the outlet of the electric pile reaches the target temperature to determine that the engine is started successfully.
Optionally, the engine start module 440 includes:
the pile adjusting unit is specifically used for:
determining a corresponding target cathode pressure and target cathode air flow according to the target monomer voltage based on a predetermined association relationship between the monomer voltage and the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow;
the stack is adjusted based on the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information on the basis of the target cathode pressure and the target cathode air flow as initial adjustment values.
The water pump rotational speed adjusting unit is specifically used for:
determining a corresponding target cooling liquid outlet flow according to the target monomer voltage based on a correlation between a predetermined monomer voltage and the cooling liquid outlet flow;
determining a target water pump rotating speed according to the target coolant outlet flow;
in the process of adjusting the electric pile according to the cathode pressure adjusting information and the cathode air flow adjusting information, the target water pump rotating speed is taken as an initial value, and the current water pump rotating speed is adjusted according to the current heating rate and the current temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the electric pile.
The control device for the low-temperature start of the fuel cell engine provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the control method for the low-temperature start of the fuel cell engine provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
The technical scheme of the application is used for acquiring, storing, using and processing the data, and the like, which accords with the relevant regulations of national laws and regulations and does not violate the popular public order.
Example six
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium and a computer program product.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device embodying an embodiment of the present application. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. Electronic equipment may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular telephones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the applications described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 6, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM) 12, a Random Access Memory (RAM) 13, etc., communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, in which the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 may perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the Read Only Memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 may also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12 and the RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input/output (I/O) interface 15 is also connected to bus 14.
Various components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I/O interface 15, including: an input unit 16 such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 18 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 19 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network, such as the internet, and/or various telecommunication networks.
The processor 11 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various specialized Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital Signal Processors (DSPs), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as control of a low temperature start of the method fuel cell engine.
In some embodiments, the control of the method fuel cell engine cold start may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied on a computer readable storage medium, such as the storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and/or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the control of the low temperature start of the fuel cell engine of the method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform control of the method fuel cell engine cold start in any other suitable manner (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), application specific reference products (ASSPs), systems On Chip (SOCs), complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs may be executed and/or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a special purpose or general-purpose programmable processor, that may receive data and instructions from, and transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
A computer program for carrying out methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the computer programs, when executed by the processor, cause the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks to be implemented. The computer program may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) through which a user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic input, speech input, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a background component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such background, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the internet.
The computing system may include clients and servers. The client and server are typically remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical hosts and VPS service are overcome.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, so long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention are achieved, and the present invention is not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine, comprising:
determining a target single voltage and a target overall output current of a galvanic pile in the fuel cell engine according to the starting ambient temperature;
after the current pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target integral output current, determining the current single voltage of the current pile;
determining cathode pressure regulation information and cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile according to the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage;
And regulating the electric pile according to the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information until the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and determining that the engine is started successfully when the outlet temperature of the electric pile reaches the target temperature.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the information comprises adjusting weights;
correspondingly, the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage, and the method comprises the following steps:
and determining a cathode pressure adjustment weight and a cathode air flow adjustment weight according to the difference value between the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage and the change rate of the difference value based on the weight adjustment fuzzy controller.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the information comprises adjusting an amplitude;
correspondingly, the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current cell voltage and the target cell voltage, and the method comprises the following steps:
the fuzzy controller is adjusted based on the pressure amplitude, and the cathode pressure adjusting amplitude is determined according to the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage;
and determining the cathode air flow regulating amplitude according to the difference value between the current monomer voltage and the target monomer voltage based on the flow amplitude regulating fuzzy controller.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein adjusting the stack based on the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information comprises:
the galvanic pile is adjusted by the decoupling controller according to the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information, respectively.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the target cell voltage and the target overall output current of the stack in the fuel cell engine based on the start-up ambient temperature comprises:
determining total self-generated heat of the electric pile according to the starting ambient temperature and the target temperature;
determining a target monomer voltage corresponding to the starting environment temperature according to the total self-generated heat of the electric pile and a monomer voltage model constructed in advance; the single voltage model is constructed according to the relation between single voltage of the fuel cell stack and the heat generation rate of the stack;
a target overall output current is determined based on the target cell voltage and the engine accessory power.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the stack based on the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information comprises:
determining a corresponding target cathode pressure and target cathode air flow according to the target monomer voltage based on a predetermined association relationship between the monomer voltage and the cathode pressure and the cathode air flow;
The stack is adjusted based on the cathode pressure adjustment information and the cathode air flow adjustment information on the basis of the target cathode pressure and the target cathode air flow as initial adjustment values.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein before the stack outlet temperature reaches the target temperature, the method further comprises:
determining a corresponding target cooling liquid outlet flow according to the target monomer voltage based on a correlation between a predetermined monomer voltage and the cooling liquid outlet flow;
determining a target water pump rotating speed according to the target coolant outlet flow;
in the process of adjusting the electric pile according to the cathode pressure adjusting information and the cathode air flow adjusting information, the target water pump rotating speed is taken as an initial value, and the current water pump rotating speed is adjusted according to the current heating rate and the current temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the electric pile.
8. A control apparatus for low-temperature start of a fuel cell engine, comprising:
pile parameter determining module: the method comprises the steps of determining a target single cell voltage and a target overall output current of a pile in a fuel cell engine according to a starting ambient temperature;
the current cell voltage determining module of the electric pile: the current single voltage of the electric pile is determined after the electric pile is pulled and loaded to reach the target overall output current;
Pile adjustment information determining module: the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information of the electric pile are determined according to the current single voltage and the target single voltage;
an engine starting module: and the electric pile is regulated according to the cathode pressure regulation information and the cathode air flow regulation information until the difference value between the current single voltage and the target single voltage is smaller than a preset threshold value and the temperature of the outlet of the electric pile reaches the target temperature, so that the engine is determined to be started successfully.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the control method of low temperature start of the fuel cell engine of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a processor to execute a control method for low temperature start of a fuel cell engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116914199A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-20 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell working parameter control method, electric equipment and electronic equipment |
| CN117276598A (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2023-12-22 | 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 | Temperature control method and device for hydrogen fuel cell engine load-increasing process |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116914199A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-20 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell working parameter control method, electric equipment and electronic equipment |
| CN116914199B (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-12-15 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell working parameter control method, electric equipment and electronic equipment |
| CN117276598A (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2023-12-22 | 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 | Temperature control method and device for hydrogen fuel cell engine load-increasing process |
| CN117276598B (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2024-02-20 | 国家电投集团氢能科技发展有限公司 | Temperature control method and device for hydrogen fuel cell engine load-increasing process |
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