CN116666635A - Preparation method of lithium-sulfur battery based on high-performance water-based binder - Google Patents
Preparation method of lithium-sulfur battery based on high-performance water-based binder Download PDFInfo
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- CN116666635A CN116666635A CN202310660526.1A CN202310660526A CN116666635A CN 116666635 A CN116666635 A CN 116666635A CN 202310660526 A CN202310660526 A CN 202310660526A CN 116666635 A CN116666635 A CN 116666635A
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L disodium;(2r)-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].COC1=CC=CC(C[C@H](CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical compound [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;sulfane Chemical compound C.S YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006112 polar polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910012820 LiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003232 water-soluble binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H6/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignin, e.g. tannins, humic acids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-sulfur battery binder materials, and discloses a preparation method of a lithium-sulfur battery based on a high-performance water-based binder. According to the invention, sodium lignin sulfonate and lithium lignin sulfonate are used as binders of lithium-sulfur batteries. The aqueous binder added in the lithium-sulfur battery is more friendly to the environment and can make the uterine power supply more stable so as to cope with stricter environmental protection policy. Besides, the high-nickel positive electrode material and the silicon-carbon negative electrode material can be adopted to further improve the energy density of the lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-sulfur battery binder materials, and relates to a method for preparing a lithium-sulfur battery by using a high-performance water-based binder.
Background
Classes of existing batteries for energy storage problems include:
1. oil-based adhesive
For example: a fluoropolymer binder.
Fluoropolymers, such as Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), find wide application in the field of lithium sulfur battery binders. Yamin et al (H.Yamin, E.Peled.Electrochemistry of a nonaqueous lithium/sulfur cell [ J ], power Sources 1983,9,281-287.) originally used PTFE as a binder for high specific surface area carbon composite electrodes, but these original studies utilized lithium polysulfide as the active material for the electrode (rather than sulfur). For a long time thereafter, PVDF was the predominant binder in lithium sulfur batteries. But PVDF has toxicity, undesirable mechanical properties and weak adsorption capacity for lithium polysulfide, so that researchers have to find its alternatives.
For example: polar/ionic polymer binders.
Polar/ionic polymers can mitigate diffusion of lithium polysulfide by dipole interactions. Schneider et al (Schneider, H.Garsuch, A.Panchenko, et al Influence of different electrode compositions and binder materials on the performance of lithium-sulfour bacteria [ J ]]Power Sources 2012,205,420-425.) has proven Nafion to be a viable binder material, but even with the application of an additional Nafion layer applied to the sulfur electrode, there is still a significant amount of lithium polysulfide dissolved. Li et al (G.Li, W.Cai, B.Liu, et al, amuli functional binder with lithium ion conductive polymer and polysulfide absorbents to improve cycleability of lithium-sulphur bacteria [ J]Power Sources 2015,294,187-192.) found in lithiated Nafion (Li) + Nafion) works better as a binder. Research shows that Li + Nafion and PVP are more effective as multicomponent mixed binders than alone, and the incorporation of silica (SiO 2) further improves cell performance, with reversible capacities exceeding 1100mAh g after 50 cycles -1 。
Such methods have limitations in that:
a. the adhesive has single performance, and cannot inhibit the shuttle effect of the polysulfide;
b. the high-temperature electrochemical stability is poor, and the electrolyte is easy to swell:
c. the cost is high, and the pollution is high;
d. the conductivity is poor.
2. Synthetic aqueous binder
For example: polyacrylic acid (PAA) binders and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) binders.
Zhang et al (Z.Zhang, W.Bao, H.Lu, M.Jia, K.Xie, Y.Lai, J.Li, ECS electrochem. Lett.2012,1, a 34.) used PAA as a lithium sulfur battery binder. Experimental results show that the current density is 335mAg-1, the current is circulated for 500 times, the discharge capacity of the lithium sulfur battery using PAA as the binder is 325mAh g-1, and the coulomb efficiency is 89.5%. However, under the same condition, the discharge capacity of the lithium sulfur battery taking PVDF as a binder is only 204mAh g-1, and the coulombic efficiency is 83.6%. In addition, electrochemical tests have shown that lithium sulfur batteries with PAA as a binder have better kinetics, lower resistance, and longer cycling stability than lithium sulfur batteries with PVDF as a binder. Comparing the morphology of the sulfur electrode before and after 50 times of circulation by using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to a lithium sulfur battery using PAA as a binder, the morphology of the sulfur electrode is observed to be porous before circulation, lithium polysulfide can be adsorbed, and lithium ions (Li + ) Is transported by the transport system. But after cycling due to Li 2 S and Li 2 S 2 A solid film was formed on the surface of the sulfur electrode, the original porous morphology became dense, and cracks were observed.
For example: a polyacrylic emulsion binder.
LA132 is a water-soluble copolymer having a strong tackiness due to its cyano group (-CN). Pan et al (Jin Pan, guiyin Xu, bing Ding, et al enhanced electrochemical performance of sulfur cathodes with a water-soluble binder [ J)]RSC adv.2015,5,13709) found that the sulfur/LA 132-5wt% electrode had higher battery capacity and cycling stability than the S/PVDF-10wt electrode. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observation shows that 5% of LA132 in the sulfur electrode can inhibit Li 2 S 2 And Li (lithium) 2 S is formed, and the porous structure of the sulfur electrode is maintained. However, the LA132 binder should not be used in excessive amounts, otherwise Li is caused 2 S 2 And Li (lithium) 2 S irreversibly bonds during cycling, reducing the potential between the electrode and electrolyteAnd (3) contact. In addition, the experimental result shows that the lithium sulfur battery using LA132 as the binder has smaller internal resistance and better dynamic performance than the lithium sulfur battery using PVDF as the binder.
Such methods have limitations in that:
a. the synthetic water-based binder is a high-molecular polymer, and the processing technology is complex.
b. The partially synthetic aqueous binder is environmentally friendly.
c. High cost and difficult commercialization.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-performance aqueous binder for lithium-sulfur batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention combines two types of lignosulfonates: sodium lignin sulfonate (LSNa) and lithium Lignin Sulfonate (LSLi) are used as binders for lithium sulfur batteries. On one hand, the shuttle effect of the lithium-sulfur battery can be effectively inhibited, and the shuttle effect can be effectively inhibited due to polar groups such as lignosulfonate and the like, so that the transportation of lithium ions can be promoted, and the lithium polysulfide has a chemical adsorption effect; on the other hand, lignin has wide source, low price and environmental protection, is mainly from the pulping process of paper, is a main waste byproduct in the pulping industry, and has annual output of up to 7000 ten thousand tons.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a lithium-sulfur battery by using a high-performance water-based binder comprises the following steps:
(1) The Critical Aggregation Concentration (CAC) of sodium lignin sulfonate in an aqueous solution is 0.05g/L, and when the concentration is lower than the CAC, a large amount of single molecules and a small amount of aggregates exist in the solution; when the concentration is higher than CAC, the number of single molecules decreases, while the number of aggregates increases rapidly. Preparing a sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.05g/L, adding cation exchange resin into the sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution, heating and stirring for 48 hours at 35 ℃ to ensure that ions are fully exchanged; filtering out cation exchange resin to obtain aqueous solution (LS) of lignin sulfonic acid, and drying in a blast oven to obtain lignin sulfonic acid powder;
(2) Dissolving lignin sulfonic acid and lithium hydroxide with equal molar mass in deionized water, and heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for reaction for 72 hours to obtain lithium lignin sulfonate LSLi;
(3) According to the mass ratio of 8:1:1, uniformly mixing S/KJC, LSLi and conductive agent acetylene black in deionized water, uniformly coating the obtained slurry on a carbon-coated aluminum foil, drying in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours, and performing piece cutting treatment after the pole piece is completely cooled and dried to obtain a round lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode piece with the diameter of 14 mm;
(4) The battery shell used for assembling the lithium-sulfur battery is of a button CR2032 type, and the whole assembling process is carried out in a glove box; and (3) taking a lithium sheet as a battery cathode, single-layer polypropylene as a diaphragm and an ether solvent as an electrolyte, and obtaining the battery anode in the step (3).
Further, the preparation method of the sulfur-carbon composite material (S/KJC) comprises the following steps: sublimed sulfur with ketjen black carbon (KJC) at 2:1, grinding uniformly in a mass ratio to prepare a sulfur-carbon mixture; the sulfur-carbon mixture was heated in a vacuum oven at 155 c for 16 hours to allow sulfur to infiltrate into the pores of the carbon material, resulting in a sulfur-carbon composite (S/KJC).
Further, 2wt% LiNO was added to a 1M solution of lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide as an electrolyte 3 The lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide solution is prepared by dissolving bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide lithium solution in 1:1 dioxolane and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
Further, the size diameter of the negative electrode used in the battery is 15.5mm, the size diameter of the polypropylene separator is 19mm, and the surface loading of sulfur in the positive electrode of each round battery is kept between 1.0 and 1.5mg/cm 2 The amount of electrolyte added and the lithium storage active material (lithium cobalt oxide LiCoO) 2 ) The ratio was controlled at 20. Mu.L/mg.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
with the increasing environmental protection and battery energy density requirements, the development of aqueous adhesives is more environmentally friendly and can make uterine power more stable to cope with stricter environmental policies. Besides, the high-nickel positive electrode material and the silicon-carbon negative electrode material can be adopted to further improve the energy density of the lithium ion battery.
Besides this, the following advantages are achieved: (1) The adhesive property is good, the tensile strength is high, the flexibility is good, and the Young's modulus is low; (2) The chemical stability and the electrochemical stability are good, and the reaction and the deterioration are avoided in the storage and the circulation process; (3) no swelling or a small swelling coefficient in the electrolyte; (3) The dispersion in the slurry medium is good, which is favorable for uniformly bonding the active substances on the current collector; (4) The influence on the conduction of electrons and ions in the electrode is small; and (5) the method is environment-friendly, safe to use and low in cost.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Example 1
A method for preparing a lithium-sulfur battery by using a high-performance water-based binder comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of LSNa is dissolved in deionized water, cation exchange resin is added, heating and stirring are carried out for 48 hours at 35 ℃ to ensure that ions are fully exchanged, the cation exchange resin is filtered to obtain aqueous solution (LS) of lignin sulfonic acid, and lignin sulfonic acid powder is obtained after drying in a blast oven for subsequent testing.
(2) Dissolving lignin sulfonic acid and lithium hydroxide with equal molar mass in deionized water, heating and stirring for 72 hours at 60 ℃ to enable the lignin sulfonic acid and the lithium hydroxide to fully react to generate LSLi;
the synthetic route is as follows:
(3) Uniformly mixing S/KJC (the sublimed sulfur and the Ketjen black carbon (KJC) are uniformly ground in a mass ratio of 2:1 to prepare a sulfur-carbon mixture, heating the sulfur-carbon mixture in a vacuum box at 155 ℃ for 16 hours, enabling sulfur to permeate into pores of a carbon material, marking the obtained sulfur-carbon composite material as (S/KJC)), LSLi and a commercial conductive agent acetylene black in a small amount of deionized water, uniformly coating the obtained slurry on a carbon-coated aluminum foil, drying in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours, and performing cutting treatment after the pole piece is completely cooled and dried to obtain a circular lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode piece with the diameter of 14 mm;
(4) The battery shell used for assembling the lithium-sulfur battery is button CR2032 type, and the whole assembling process is carried out in a glove box. Lithium sheets are used as a battery cathode, monolayer polypropylene (PP, celgard 2500) is used as a diaphragm, an ether-based solvent is used as an electrolyte, and the prepared carbon-sulfur compound is used as a battery anode to assemble a button battery and is subjected to electrochemical test.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a lithium-sulfur battery by using a high-performance water-based binder comprises the following steps:
(1) 1g of LSNa is dissolved in deionized water, cation exchange resin is added, heating and stirring are carried out for 48 hours at 35 ℃ to ensure that ions are fully exchanged, the cation exchange resin is filtered to obtain aqueous solution (LS) of lignin sulfonic acid, and lignin sulfonic acid powder is obtained after drying in a blast oven for subsequent testing.
(2) Dissolving lignin sulfonic acid and lithium hydroxide with equal molar mass in deionized water, heating and stirring for 72 hours at 60 ℃ to enable the lignin sulfonic acid and the lithium hydroxide to fully react to generate LSLi;
(3) S/KJC (90% wt%) was employed separately mixed with binder (10% wt%) and the positive electrode was free of additional conductive agent. The resulting slurries were coated on carbon-coated aluminum foils, respectively, and dried under vacuum at 60 ℃ for 12 hours. Cutting the dried pole piece into a circular positive pole piece with the diameter of 14mm by using a slicer.
(4) The battery shell used for assembling the lithium-sulfur battery is button CR2032 type, and the whole assembling process is carried out in a glove box. Lithium sheets are used as a battery cathode, monolayer polypropylene (PP, celgard 2500) is used as a diaphragm, an ether-based solvent is used as an electrolyte, and the prepared carbon-sulfur compound is used as a battery anode to assemble a button battery and is subjected to electrochemical test.
Supplementary results analysis:
(1) Lithium sulfur battery performance: in example 1, a mixture of S/KJC with LSLi and acetylene black was used as a positive electrode material, and in comparative example 1, a mixture of S/KJC with a binder was used as a positive electrode material. Because acetylene black is a commercial conductive agent and has better conductive performance, the positive electrode material of example 1 may have better conductive performance, so that the electrochemical performance and the cycling stability of the lithium-sulfur battery are expected to be improved.
(2) Energy density: a high performance aqueous binder was used in example 1, which may help to increase the energy density of the battery. In contrast, the use of the binder mixture in comparative example 1 may have some effect on the energy density of the battery. Thus, it is expected that example 1 may have a higher energy density.
(3) Interfacial stability: since a high-performance aqueous binder is used in example 1, this may contribute to an improvement in interface stability between the positive electrode material and the electrolyte. This can reduce interfacial reaction and loss of electrolyte during cycling of the battery, thereby improving cycle life and capacity retention of the battery.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the lithium sulfur battery based on the high-performance water-based binder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.05g/L, adding cation exchange resin into the sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution, heating and stirring for 48 hours at 35 ℃ to ensure that ions are fully exchanged; filtering out cation exchange resin to obtain aqueous solution of lignin sulfonic acid, and drying in a blast oven to obtain lignin sulfonic acid powder;
(2) Dissolving lignin sulfonic acid and lithium hydroxide with equal molar mass in deionized water, and heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for reaction for 72 hours to obtain lithium lignin sulfonate LSLi;
(3) According to the mass ratio of 8:1: uniformly mixing a sulfur-carbon composite material S/KJC, LSLi and an electric conduction agent acetylene black in deionized water, uniformly coating the obtained slurry on a carbon-coated aluminum foil, drying in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours, and performing cutting treatment after the pole piece is completely cooled and dried to obtain a round lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode piece with the diameter of 14 mm;
(4) The battery shell used for assembling the lithium-sulfur battery is of a button CR2032 type, and the whole assembling process is carried out in a glove box; and (3) taking a lithium sheet as a battery cathode, single-layer polypropylene as a diaphragm and an ether solvent as an electrolyte, and obtaining the battery anode in the step (3).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the sulfur-carbon composite material S/KJC is as follows: sublimed sulfur and ketjen black carbon KJC at 2:1, grinding uniformly in a mass ratio to prepare a sulfur-carbon mixture; and heating the sulfur-carbon mixture in a vacuum box at 155 ℃ for 16 hours to enable sulfur to permeate into pores of the carbon material, so as to obtain the sulfur-carbon composite material S/KJC.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein 2wt% LiNO is added to 1M lithium bistrifluoro-methanesulfonimide solution as electrolyte 3 The lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide solution is prepared by dissolving bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide lithium solution in 1:1 dioxolane and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the size diameter of the negative electrode used in the cell is 15.5mm, the size diameter of the polypropylene separator is 19mm, and the surface loading of sulfur in the positive electrode of each circular cell is maintained at 1.0-1.5 mg/cm 2 Electrolyte and lithium cobalt oxide LiCoO 2 The mass ratio of (C) was controlled at 20. Mu.L/mg.
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