CN116664159A - Method, device and system for determining total installation cost of PMU (Power management Unit) - Google Patents

Method, device and system for determining total installation cost of PMU (Power management Unit) Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116664159A
CN116664159A CN202310535505.7A CN202310535505A CN116664159A CN 116664159 A CN116664159 A CN 116664159A CN 202310535505 A CN202310535505 A CN 202310535505A CN 116664159 A CN116664159 A CN 116664159A
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cost
pmu
relation
installation cost
node
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Inventor
谈赢杰
王庆斌
梁晓榴
覃家露
梁致麟
袁桦菁
叶海文
刘晓腾
潘一叶
刘成功
柯迪
黄辉
温喜灵
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CSG Electric Power Research Institute
Yunfu Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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CSG Electric Power Research Institute
Yunfu Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310535505.7A priority Critical patent/CN116664159A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
    • G06Q30/0201—Market modelling; Market analysis; Collecting market data
    • G06Q30/0206—Price or cost determination based on market factors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Electricity, gas or water supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

Abstract

The application provides a method, a device and a system for determining total installation cost of a PMU, wherein the method comprises the following steps: generating a first relationship, a second relationship, and a third relationship; constructing a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relation, the second relation and the third relation; the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator are used as inputs by adopting a PMU optimal configuration model, the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator are processed by utilizing the PMU optimal configuration model, and the output of the PMU optimal configuration model is obtained; and determining the minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimal configuration model. Therefore, when the total installation cost is minimized in the subsequent calculation, the problem that PMU configuration cost of the existing scheme cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring observability is solved.

Description

Method, device and system for determining total installation cost of PMU (Power management Unit)
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of PMU (Power management Unit) optimal configuration, in particular to a method, a device, a computer-readable storage medium and a system for determining total installation cost of a PMU.
Background
The PMU optimization configuration algorithm uses a minimum number of PMU measurement devices to make the whole system observable. Compared with a main network, the micro-grid has wide coverage range, multiple and complex branch nodes, huge quantity of PMU equipment and higher precision requirement. In general, the more measurement devices are installed, the better the measurement devices are, the more accurate the data analysis is, but the current PMU cost is higher, and in view of economy, it is not practical to install PMUs at all nodes of the power distribution network, so that the PMU optimization configuration is especially necessary. When considering both the economics and observability of the micro-grid, the current PMU optimization configuration model not only needs to include the economic cost of PMU configuration, but also generally considers maximizing measurement redundancy, minimizing the risk of system failure, improving poor data processing capability, and the like. However, the unavoidable simultaneous optimization of multiple objectives creates contradictions, and how to build an appropriate mathematical model and solve the optimization problem of PMU optimization configuration becomes the focus of research. Meanwhile, most of the current PMU optimization configuration aims at a single application target, a better solution to the multi-target optimization problem is not obtained, and the configuration method for optimizing the specific targets is not uniform.
The WAMS is composed of a primary station system taking PMU as a basic information acquisition unit and a communication system meeting the information exchange between the primary station system and the primary station system, and compared with the traditional SCADA system, the WAMS acquisition unit not only replaces RTU by PMU, but also has more severe requirements on the communication system besides the enhancement of the primary station system function. Because the information source of WAMS is the accurate, real-time and synchronous information collected by PMU, WAMS has the technical characteristics of off-site high-precision synchronous phasor measurement, high-speed communication, quick response and the like, and is very suitable for large-scale power grid dispatching. The WAMS can be seen as a further extension of it with respect to steady state monitoring and control of SCADA.
Mainly comprises a power system synchronous phasor measurement unit (Phasor Measurement Unit, PMU), a phasor data concentrator (Phasor Data Concentrator, PDC), a control center (Controller Centre, CC), a high-speed data communication network (Communication Networks, CN) serving as a data transmission basis, and the like.
The current micro-grid state estimation only uses traditional SCADA data, and the traditional SCADA has long data refreshing time and long delay, so that the data obtained by different monitoring points have no uniform time identification, and the recorded data can only be applied to local analysis. Therefore, in order to solve the problem and limitation of SCADA, it is necessary to use PMU to obtain the operation information of the micro-grid in the remote area, estimate the state of the micro-grid through further calculation, and solve the current system state according to the measured system information on the basis of the topology structure of the micro-grid in the known area, which is called the system has observability, in particular, when each node in the micro-grid is observability, the system is called as global observability, thereby improving the flexibility of micro-grid control in the remote area and the stability of operation.
The current PMU optimization configuration model not only needs to include economic cost of PMU configuration, but also generally considers maximizing measurement redundancy, minimizing risk of system faults and improving poor data processing capacity, and the PMU configuration cost of the existing scheme cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring considerable.
Disclosure of Invention
The main objective of the present application is to provide a method, apparatus, computer readable storage medium and system for determining the total installation cost of a PMU, so as to at least solve the problem that the PMU configuration cost of the existing solution cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring a considerable.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for determining total installation costs of a PMU, the method comprising: generating a first relation, a second relation and a third relation, wherein the first relation is a relation between the total installation cost and the unit installation cost of a synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU of a power system, the installation cost of an additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of a phasor data concentrator, the second relation is a relation between the total number of key elements and the number of each key element, the key elements are used for representing elements which cannot be observed through a network when the key elements are missing, the third relation is a relation between a total set of key elements and each key element set, and a subset of the key element set is used for replacing the subset of the key elements after the key elements are missing; constructing a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relation, the second relation and the third relation; acquiring unit installation cost of a PMU, installation cost of an additional channel, communication network cost of each node and cost of a phasor data concentrator, taking the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator as inputs by adopting the PMU optimal configuration model, processing the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator by utilizing the PMU optimal configuration model, and acquiring output of the PMU optimal configuration model; and determining the minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimal configuration model.
Optionally, generating the first relationship includes:
determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the total installation cost, the unit installation cost of the PMU of the power system, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost and the cost of the phasor data concentrator;
generating the first relation according to the total number and the total installation cost, the unit installation cost of the power system synchrophasor measurement unit PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost and the cost of the phasor data concentrator, wherein the first relation is represented by a first formula:
wherein OF 1 For the total installation cost, m i B for the unit installation cost of the power system synchrophasor measurement unit PMU at node i i K (i) is the communication network cost at node i, x, for the installation cost of the additional channel at node i i The pdc is the cost of the phasor data concentrator, either 0 or 1, and N is the total number of nodes.
Optionally, in generating the first relationship, the method further comprises:
acquiring a connection relation between the nodes and a connection cost between the nodes;
Determining the cost of the communication network based on the connection relationship between the nodes and the connection cost between the nodes, wherein,
according toDetermining the cost of the communication network, len ij Cc is the connection relationship between node i and node j ij Is the cost of the connection between node i and node j.
Optionally, generating the second relationship includes:
determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the total number of the key elements and the number of each key element;
generating the second relation according to the total number of the key elements and the number of each key element, wherein the second relation is expressed by a second formula, and the second formula is as follows:
wherein OF 2 For the total number of key elements, < > and->For the number of key elements at node i, N is the total number of nodes.
Optionally, generating the third relationship includes:
determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the key element total set and each key element set;
generating the second relation according to the total set of key elements and each set of key elements, wherein the third relation is represented by a third formula, and the third formula is:
Wherein OF 3 For the total set of key elements +.>N is the total number of nodes for the set of key elements at node i.
Optionally, after building the PMU optimization configuration model, the method further includes:
by usingConstraint is carried out on the PMU optimization configuration model, wherein j epsilon B is node set, N is total number of nodes, and a ij Is 1 or 0, and a ij For characterizing the connection relation of node i and node j, x j Is the element of an n-dimensional vector with an installation vector of x.
Optionally, after building the PMU optimization configuration model, the method further includes:
by usingAnd->Constraint is carried out on the PMU optimal configuration model, wherein +.>y ij As an auxiliary variable, z j The measurement vector of the voltage or current phasors given is recorded for the PMU.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a device for determining total installation costs of a PMU, the device including a generating unit, a constructing unit, a first processing unit, and a second processing unit; the generating unit is used for generating a first relation, a second relation and a third relation, wherein the first relation is a relation between the total installation cost and the unit installation cost of a synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU of the power system, the installation cost of an additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of a phasor data concentrator, the second relation is a relation between the total number of key elements and the number of each key element, the key elements are used for representing elements which cannot be observed through a network when the key elements are missing, the third relation is a relation between a total set of key elements and each key element set, and a subset of the key element set is used for replacing the subset of the key elements after the key elements are missing; the construction unit is used for constructing a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relation, the second relation and the third relation; the first processing unit is used for obtaining the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of an additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator, adopting the PMU optimal configuration model to take the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator as inputs, processing the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator by using the PMU optimal configuration model, and obtaining the output of the PMU optimal configuration model; and the second processing unit is used for determining the minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimal configuration model.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a computer readable storage medium, where the computer readable storage medium includes a stored program, and when the program runs, the program controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to execute any one of the methods for determining the total installation cost of the PMU.
According to another aspect of the present application there is provided a system for determining the total installation cost of a PMU, the system comprising one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising a method for performing the determination of the total installation cost of any of the PMUs.
By applying the technical scheme of the application, the relation between the total number of the key elements and the relation between the total set of the key elements and the set of the key elements are considered, so that the PMU configuration cost can be ensured to be minimized on the premise of ensuring that the total installation cost is minimized in the subsequent calculation, and the problem that the PMU configuration cost cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring the observability in the conventional scheme is solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the hardware architecture of a mobile terminal for performing a method for determining the total installation cost of a PMU according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining total installation costs of a PMU according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a PMU optimization configuration method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the construction of a device for determining the total installation cost of a PMU according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the application herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As described in the background art, the current PMU optimization configuration model not only needs to include the economic cost of PMU configuration, but also generally considers maximizing measurement redundancy, minimizing the risk of system faults and improving poor data processing capacity, and the like.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application may be performed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or similar computing device. Taking the operation on a mobile terminal as an example, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of a mobile terminal according to a method for determining a total installation cost of a PMU according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, a mobile terminal may include one or more (only one is shown in fig. 1) processors 102 (the processor 102 may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a processing device such as a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input-output device 108. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 1 is merely illustrative and not limiting of the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include more or fewer components than shown in fig. 1, or have a different configuration than shown in fig. 1.
The memory 104 may be used to store computer programs, such as software programs of application software and modules, such as computer programs corresponding to the method for determining the total installation cost of the PMU in the embodiment of the present application, and the processor 102 executes the computer programs stored in the memory 104 to perform various functional applications and data processing, i.e., implement the above-described method. Memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, which may be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or transmit data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, simply referred to as NIC) that can connect to other network devices through a base station to communicate with the internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, which is configured to communicate with the internet wirelessly.
In this embodiment, a method for determining the total installation cost of a PMU operating on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or similar computing device is provided, it being noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the figures may be performed in a computer system, such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical sequence is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in a different order than that illustrated herein.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining total installation cost of a PMU according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the steps of:
step S201, generating a first relation, a second relation and a third relation, wherein the first relation is a relation between total installation cost and unit installation cost of a synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU of a power system, installation cost of an additional channel, communication network cost of each node and cost of a phasor data concentrator, the second relation is a relation between total number of key elements and number of each key element, the key elements are used for representing elements which cannot be observed through a network when the key elements are missing, the third relation is a relation between a total set of key elements and each key element set, and a subset of the key element set is used for replacing the subset of the key elements after the key elements are missing;
Specifically, in a set of measurement values, if the absence of a measurement value associated with a certain installed PMU causes the network to become invisible, then the measurement is called a critical measurement (i.e. the number of critical elements), the critical measurement is classified into a non-redundant one, the parameter can prevent serious error of state detection, and likewise, the measurement device is classified into a critical measurement set, when a certain measurement in the set is lost, the measurement of the remaining subset becomes a critical measurement, and then we call the set of measurement as a critical measurement set (i.e. the set of critical elements);
in one embodiment of the application, generating the first relationship includes:
determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the total installation cost, the unit installation cost of the PMU of the power system, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost and the cost of the phasor data concentrator;
the unit installation cost of the PMU is the average cost of installing PMU equipment (for example, the total installation cost of four locations is a, the unit installation cost of the PMU is a/4), the installation cost of the additional channel is the cost of the PMU for transmitting measurement data by using the GPS communication channel, and the cost of the communication network is the cost of the PMU for building the communication network infrastructure.
Generating the first relation from the total number and the total installation cost, the unit installation cost of the power system synchrophasor measurement unit PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost, and the cost of the phasor data concentrator, wherein the first relation is expressed by a first formula:
wherein OF 1 For the total installation cost, m i B for the unit installation cost of the above-mentioned power system synchrophasor measurement unit PMU at node i i For the installation cost of the additional channel at node i, k (i) is the communication network cost at node i, x i The pdc is 0 or 1, the cost of the phasor data concentrator described above, and N is the total number of nodes. PMUs are typically distributed and include phasor synchronous acquisition units and phasor data concentrators. The phasor data concentrator is responsible for the functions of summarizing, storing and forwarding the data of a plurality of PMU devices in the station. It is an indispensable consideration in optimizing the PMU configuration installation costs.
In particular, the total installation costs are minimized.
In one embodiment of the present application, in the generating the first relationship, the method further includes:
Acquiring a connection relation between the nodes and a connection cost between the nodes;
determining the cost of the communication network based on the connection relationship between the nodes and the connection cost between the nodes, wherein,
according toDetermining the cost of the communication network, len ij Cc is the connection relationship between node i and node j ij Is the cost of the connection between node i and node j.
Specifically, in order to exhibit the connection relationship between two nodes, when a tie line exists between node i and node j, len ij =1, and when there is a tie, the corresponding cc ij For fixing at 8000 yuan, otherwiseIs 0 yuan.
In one embodiment of the application, generating the second relationship includes:
determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the total number of the key elements and the number of each key element;
generating the second relation according to the total number of the key elements and the number of the key elements, wherein the second relation is expressed by a second formula, and the second formula is as follows:
wherein OF 2 For the total number of the key elements, < > and->For the number of key elements described above at node i, N is the total number of nodes.
In particular, in order to reduce the risk of non-observability in the state estimation while ensuring observability, the second formula is set to minimize the total number of critical elements.
In one embodiment of the application, generating the third relationship includes:
determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the key element total set and each key element set;
generating the second relation according to the total set of key elements and each set of key elements, wherein the third relation is expressed by a third formula, and the third formula is as follows:
wherein OF 3 For the above-mentioned key element total set, +.>For the set of key elements described above at node i, N is the total number of nodes.
In particular, to reduce the probability of an unobservable risk occurring, a third formula is provided to minimize the total set of critical elements.
Step S202, constructing a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relationship, the second relationship and the third relationship;
step S203, obtaining the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the extra channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator, using the PMU optimal configuration model to take the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the extra channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator as inputs, processing the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the extra channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator by using the PMU optimal configuration model, and obtaining the output of the PMU optimal configuration model;
Step S204, determining the minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimal configuration model.
In the method, the relation between the total number of the key elements and the relation between the total set of the key elements and the set of the key elements are considered, so that the PMU configuration cost can be ensured to be minimized on the premise of ensuring that the total installation cost is minimized in subsequent calculation, and the problem that the PMU configuration cost cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring the observability in the conventional scheme is solved.
In one embodiment of the present application, after constructing the PMU optimization configuration model, the method further includes:
by usingConstraint is carried out on the PMU optimization configuration model, wherein j epsilon B is node set, N is total number of nodes, and a ij Is 1 or 0, and a ij For characterizing the connection relation of node i and node j, x j Is the element of an n-dimensional vector with an installation vector of x.
In particular, to ensure a global observability of the system, it is necessary to satisfyIn the presence of zero injection nodes (ZIB), the system remains considerable, and in order to determine ZIB observability in the power network, kirchhoff's law may be applied to ZIB, with the following effect:
First effect: when the voltage phasors of only one node in all the connected nodes of ZIB are not available and the voltage phasors of ZIB are observable, the voltage phasors of the connected nodes can be calculated according to kirchhoff's law;
the second effect is: when the voltage phasors of all connected nodes of ZIB are observable, the voltage phasors of ZIB can be calculated according to kirchhoff's law.
In one embodiment of the present application, after constructing the PMU optimization configuration model, the method further includes:
by usingAnd->Constraint is carried out on the PMU optimization configuration model, wherein +.>y ij As an auxiliary variable, z j The measurement vector of the voltage or current phasors given is recorded for the PMU.
Specifically, if node j is ZIB, then z j =1. And y is ij Is an auxiliary variable representing the observability of node j by applying kirchhoff's law at node i, if node i becomes observable by applying the first effect of kirchhoff's law at ZIB node j, then y ij =1. If ZIB node j becomes observable through the second term of kirchhoff's law, then y ij ＝1。
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, the implementation process of the method for determining the total installation cost of the PMU of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The embodiment relates to a specific PMU optimization configuration method, as shown in FIG. 3, comprising the following steps:
step S1: and acquiring a power grid topological structure, inputting rated parameters of a power transmission line, and determining a plurality of groups of PMU configuration schemes which enable all node voltages in the system to be directly or indirectly acquired.
Step S2: in order to meet the requirements of economy and observability simultaneously, a PMU optimal configuration mathematical model with multiple targets is established with the aim of minimizing configuration cost, minimizing the number of key measurement elements (namely the number of key elements) and minimizing the number of key measurement sets (namely the number of key element sets), and constraint conditions are determined;
step S3: based on NSGA-II, respectively solving a plurality of PMU configuration models (namely PMU optimization configuration models), searching different connected support sets (CDSs) in an algorithm, classifying the CDSs into total cost and observability indexes, obtaining a plurality of groups of non-dominant pareto solution sets, and generating a minimum connected support set (MCDS);
step S4: according to the minimum connected support set, a PMU configuration scheme comprehensively considering economy and unobservable risk of the system is obtained, and the positions of key measurement elements and key measurement sets in the power distribution network are calculated; a set of PMU configuration schemes is calculated, including total cost and risk observability, specifically based on the NSGA-II algorithm. Because these targets conflict with each other, iterative solution is needed to obtain a non-dominant pareto solution set to find the pareto balance point and obtain the optimal configuration scheme, the application focuses on how to ensure that the PMU configuration cost can be minimized on a considerable premise, and therefore the specific process of how to obtain the optimal configuration scheme is not repeated.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
The embodiment of the application also provides a device for determining the total installation cost of the PMU, and the device for determining the total installation cost of the PMU can be used for executing the method for determining the total installation cost of the PMU. The device is used for realizing the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and is not described in detail. As used below, the term "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. While the means described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
The following describes a device for determining the total installation cost of a PMU according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a device for determining total installation costs of a PMU according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus includes a generating unit 41, a constructing unit 42, a first processing unit 43, and a second processing unit 44; the generating unit 41 is configured to generate a first relationship between a total installation cost and a unit installation cost of the power system synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU, an installation cost of an additional channel, a communication network cost of each node, and a cost of the phasor data concentrator, a second relationship between a total number of key elements and a number of key elements, the key elements being used for characterizing elements that cannot be observed through the network when the key elements are missing, and a third relationship between a total set of key elements and a set of key elements, a subset of the set of key elements being used for replacing the subset of the key elements after the key elements are missing; the construction unit 42 is configured to construct a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relationship, the second relationship, and the third relationship; the first processing unit 43 is configured to obtain a unit installation cost of the PMU, an installation cost of an additional channel, a communication network cost of each node, and a cost of the phasor data concentrator, and use the PMU optimization configuration model to take the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node, and the cost of the phasor data concentrator as inputs, process the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node, and the cost of the phasor data concentrator by using the PMU optimization configuration model, and obtain an output of the PMU optimization configuration model; the second processing unit 44 is configured to determine a minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimization configuration model.
In the device, the relation between the total number of the key elements and the relation between the total set of the key elements and the set of the key elements are considered, so that the PMU configuration cost can be minimized on the premise of ensuring considerable minimization of the subsequent calculation when the total installation cost is minimized, and the problem that the PMU configuration cost cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring considerable minimization in the conventional scheme is solved.
In one embodiment of the present application, the generating unit includes a first determining module, a first obtaining module, and a first generating module;
the first determining module is used for determining the total number of nodes in the power grid wide-area detection system;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring the total installation cost, the unit installation cost of the PMU of the power system, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost and the cost of the phasor data concentrator;
the first generating module is configured to generate the first relationship according to the total number and the total installation cost, the unit installation cost of the power system synchrophasor measurement unit PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost, and the cost of the phasor data concentrator, where the first relationship is represented by a first formula:
Wherein OF 1 For the total installation cost, m i To be at node iUnit installation cost of the synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU of the power system, b i For the installation cost of the additional channel at node i, k (i) is the communication network cost at node i, x i The pdc is 0 or 1, the cost of the phasor data concentrator described above, and N is the total number of nodes.
In one embodiment of the application, the generating unit further comprises a second acquisition module and a second determination module, which, in generating the first relationship,
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the connection relation between the nodes and the connection cost between the nodes;
the second determining module is configured to determine the cost of the communication network according to a connection relationship between the nodes and a connection cost between the nodes, where,
according toDetermining the cost of the communication network, len ij Cc is the connection relationship between node i and node j ij Is the cost of the connection between node i and node j.
In one embodiment of the present application, the generating unit further includes a third determining unit, a third obtaining module, and a second generating module;
the third determining unit is used for determining the total number of nodes in the power grid wide-area detection system;
The third obtaining module is used for obtaining the total number of the key elements and the number of each key element;
the second generating module is configured to generate the second relationship according to the total number of the key elements and the number of the key elements, where the second relationship is represented by a second formula, and the second formula is:
wherein OF 2 For the total number of the key elements, < > and->For the number of key elements described above at node i, N is the total number of nodes.
In one embodiment of the present application, the generating unit further includes a fourth determining module, a fourth obtaining module, and a third generating module;
the fourth determining module is used for determining the total number of nodes in the power grid wide-area detection system;
the fourth obtaining module is used for obtaining the key element total set and each key element set;
the third generating module is configured to generate the second relationship according to the total set of key elements and each of the total set of key elements, where the third relationship is represented by a third formula, and the third formula is:
wherein OF 3 For the above-mentioned key element total set, +.>For the set of key elements described above at node i, N is the total number of nodes.
In one embodiment of the application, the apparatus further comprises a third processing unit that, after constructing the PMU optimization configuration model,
The third processing unit is used for adoptingConstraint is carried out on the PMU optimization configuration model, wherein j epsilon B is node set, N is total number of nodes, and a ij Is 1 or 0, and a ij For characterizing the connection relation of node i and node j, x j Is the element of an n-dimensional vector with an installation vector of x.
In one embodiment of the application, the apparatus further comprises a fourth processing unit that, after constructing the PMU optimization configuration model,
the fourth processing unit is used for adoptingAnd->Constraint is carried out on the PMU optimization configuration model, wherein +.>y ij As an auxiliary variable, z j The measurement vector of the voltage or current phasors given is recorded for the PMU.
The determining device for the total installation cost of the PMU comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the generating unit, the constructing unit, the first processing unit, the second processing unit and the like are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions. The modules are all located in the same processor; alternatively, the above modules may be located in different processors in any combination.
The processor includes a kernel, and the kernel fetches the corresponding program unit from the memory. The kernel can be provided with one or more than one kernel, and the problem that PMU configuration cost of the existing scheme cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring observability is solved by adjusting kernel parameters.
The memory may include volatile memory, random Access Memory (RAM), and/or nonvolatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), among other forms in computer readable media, the memory including at least one memory chip.
The embodiment of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium, which comprises a stored program, wherein the program is controlled to run so as to control a device where the computer readable storage medium is located to execute the method for determining the total installation cost of the PMU.
The embodiment of the invention provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the program runs to execute the method for determining the total installation cost of the PMU.
The embodiment of the invention provides equipment, which comprises a processor, a memory and a program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes at least the following steps when executing the program: generating a first relationship, a second relationship and a third relationship, wherein the first relationship is a relationship between total installation cost and unit installation cost of a synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU of a power system, installation cost of an additional channel, communication network cost of each node and cost of a phasor data concentrator, the second relationship is a relationship between total number of key elements and number of each key element, the key elements are used for representing elements which cannot be observed through a network when the key elements are missing, the third relationship is a relationship between a total set of key elements and each key element set, and a subset of the key element sets is used for replacing the subset of the key elements after the key elements are missing; constructing a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relation, the second relation and the third relation; acquiring unit installation cost of the PMU, installation cost of an additional channel, communication network cost of each node and cost of a phasor data concentrator, taking the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator as inputs by adopting the PMU optimal configuration model, processing the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator by utilizing the PMU optimal configuration model, and acquiring output of the PMU optimal configuration model; and determining the minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimal configuration model. The device herein may be a server, PC, PAD, cell phone, etc.
The application also provides a computer program product adapted to perform, when executed on a data processing device, a program initialized with at least the following method steps: generating a first relationship, a second relationship and a third relationship, wherein the first relationship is a relationship between total installation cost and unit installation cost of a synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU of a power system, installation cost of an additional channel, communication network cost of each node and cost of a phasor data concentrator, the second relationship is a relationship between total number of key elements and number of each key element, the key elements are used for representing elements which cannot be observed through a network when the key elements are missing, the third relationship is a relationship between a total set of key elements and each key element set, and a subset of the key element sets is used for replacing the subset of the key elements after the key elements are missing; constructing a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relation, the second relation and the third relation; acquiring unit installation cost of the PMU, installation cost of an additional channel, communication network cost of each node and cost of a phasor data concentrator, taking the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator as inputs by adopting the PMU optimal configuration model, processing the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator by utilizing the PMU optimal configuration model, and acquiring output of the PMU optimal configuration model; and determining the minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimal configuration model.
The application also provides a system for determining the total installation cost of a PMU, the system comprising one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising a method for determining the total installation cost of any of the PMUs. By taking the relation between the total number of key elements and the number of each key element and the relation between the total set of key elements and each key element set into consideration, when the total installation cost is minimized in the subsequent calculation, the PMU configuration cost can be ensured to be minimized on the premise of ensuring observability, and the problem that the PMU configuration cost cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring observability in the existing scheme is solved.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the application described above may be implemented in a general purpose computing device, they may be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed across a network of computing devices, they may be implemented in program code executable by computing devices, so that they may be stored in a storage device for execution by computing devices, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown or described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present application is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, etc., such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises an element.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
1) According to the method for determining the total installation cost of the PMU, the relation between the total number of key elements and the number of each key element and the relation between the total set of key elements and each key element set are considered, so that when the total installation cost is minimized in subsequent calculation, the PMU configuration cost can be ensured to be minimized on the premise of ensuring considerable, and the problem that the PMU configuration cost cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring considerable in the conventional scheme is solved.
2) According to the determining device for the total installation cost of the PMU, the relation between the total number of the key elements and the relation between the total set of the key elements and the set of the key elements are considered, so that the PMU configuration cost can be ensured to be minimized on the premise of ensuring that the subsequent calculation is performed to minimize the total installation cost, and the problem that the PMU configuration cost cannot be minimized on the premise of ensuring the observability in the conventional scheme is solved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method for determining a total installation cost of a PMU, comprising:
generating a first relation, a second relation and a third relation, wherein the first relation is a relation between the total installation cost and the unit installation cost of a synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU of a power system, the installation cost of an additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of a phasor data concentrator, the second relation is a relation between the total number of key elements and the number of each key element, the key elements are used for representing elements which cannot be observed through a network when the key elements are missing, the third relation is a relation between a total set of key elements and each key element set, and a subset of the key element set is used for replacing the subset of the key elements after the key elements are missing;
constructing a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relation, the second relation and the third relation;
acquiring unit installation cost of a PMU, installation cost of an additional channel, communication network cost of each node and cost of a phasor data concentrator, taking the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator as inputs by adopting the PMU optimal configuration model, processing the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator by utilizing the PMU optimal configuration model, and acquiring output of the PMU optimal configuration model;
And determining the minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimal configuration model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the first relationship comprises:
determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the total installation cost, the unit installation cost of the PMU of the power system, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost and the cost of the phasor data concentrator;
generating the first relationship from the total number and the total installation cost, a unit installation cost of the power system synchrophasor measurement unit PMU, an installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost and a cost of the phasor data concentrator,
wherein the first relationship is represented by a first formula:
wherein OF 1 For the total installation cost, m i B for the unit installation cost of the power system synchrophasor measurement unit PMU at node i i K (i) is the communication network cost at node i, x, for the installation cost of the additional channel at node i i The pdc is the cost of the phasor data concentrator, either 0 or 1, and N is the total number of nodes.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in generating the first relationship, the method further comprises:
acquiring a connection relation between the nodes and a connection cost between the nodes;
determining the cost of the communication network based on the connection relationship between the nodes and the connection cost between the nodes, wherein,
according toDetermining the cost of the communication network, len ij Cc is the connection relationship between node i and node j ij Is the cost of the connection between node i and node j.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the second relationship comprises:
determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the total number of the key elements and the number of each key element;
generating the second relation according to the total number of the key elements and the number of each key element, wherein the second relation is expressed by a second formula, and the second formula is as follows:
wherein OF 2 For the total number of key elements, < > and->For the number of key elements at node i, N is the total number of nodes.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a third relationship comprises:
Determining a total number of nodes in the grid wide area detection system;
acquiring the key element total set and each key element set;
generating the second relation according to the total set of key elements and each set of key elements, wherein the third relation is represented by a third formula, and the third formula is:
wherein OF 3 For the total set of key elements +.>N is the total number of nodes for the set of key elements at node i.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein after constructing the PMU optimization configuration model, the method further comprises:
by usingConstraints are placed on the PMU optimal configuration model, wherein,j epsilon B, B is node set, N is total number of nodes, a ij Is 1 or 0, and a ij For characterizing the connection relation of node i and node j, x j Is the element of an n-dimensional vector with an installation vector of x.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein after constructing the PMU optimization configuration model, the method further comprises:
by usingAnd->Constraints are placed on the PMU optimal configuration model, wherein,y ij as an auxiliary variable, z j The measurement vector of the voltage or current phasors given is recorded for the PMU.
8. A device for determining total installation costs of a PMU, comprising:
The generating unit is used for generating a first relation, a second relation and a third relation, wherein the first relation is a relation between the total installation cost and the unit installation cost of a synchronous phasor measurement unit PMU of the power system, the installation cost of an additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of a phasor data concentrator, the second relation is a relation between the total number of key elements and the number of each key element, the key elements are used for representing elements which cannot be observed through a network when the key elements are missing, the third relation is a relation between a total set of key elements and each key element set, and a subset of the key element set is used for replacing the subset of the key elements after the key elements are missing;
the building unit is used for building a PMU optimization configuration model according to the first relation, the second relation and the third relation;
the first processing unit is used for acquiring the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of an additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator, adopting the PMU optimal configuration model to take the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator as inputs, processing the unit installation cost of the PMU, the installation cost of the additional channel, the communication network cost of each node and the cost of the phasor data concentrator by using the PMU optimal configuration model, and acquiring the output of the PMU optimal configuration model;
And the second processing unit is used for determining the minimum value of the total installation cost according to the output of the PMU optimal configuration model.
9. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium comprises a stored program, wherein the program when run controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the method of determining the total installation cost of the PMU according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A system for determining total installation costs of a PMU, comprising: one or more processors, memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising a determination method for performing the total installation cost of the PMU of any one of claims 1 to 7.
CN202310535505.7A 2023-05-11 2023-05-11 Method, device and system for determining total installation cost of PMU (Power management Unit) Pending CN116664159A (en)

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