CN116658150B - Test device and method for casing hole erosion simulation based on hydraulic fracturing method - Google Patents
Test device and method for casing hole erosion simulation based on hydraulic fracturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116658150B CN116658150B CN202310659797.5A CN202310659797A CN116658150B CN 116658150 B CN116658150 B CN 116658150B CN 202310659797 A CN202310659797 A CN 202310659797A CN 116658150 B CN116658150 B CN 116658150B
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/006—Detection of corrosion or deposition of substances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a test device and a test method for casing hole erosion simulation based on a hydraulic fracturing method, wherein the device comprises an erosion test kettle which is provided with a containing cavity, a simulation liquid supply unit which is communicated with the containing cavity, and a parameter monitoring unit which is at least connected with the erosion test kettle; wherein, the sleeve is positioned in the accommodating cavity, and the simulated liquid supply unit is used for supplying simulated liquid to the interior of the sleeve; the simulated liquid supply unit at least comprises a simulated liquid storage tank and a simulated liquid parameter adjusting component which is communicated with the simulated liquid storage tank and is used for adjusting parameters of the simulated liquid. According to the application, through the arrangement of the integral structure, the parameter adjustment of the simulation liquid is combined, and the corresponding parameter monitoring unit is further introduced, so that the erosion damage behavior of the casing hole under the action of multiple factors can be simulated, and powerful reference and support are provided for the optimal design of the fracturing scheme and temporary plugging parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of flow erosion experiments, in particular to a test device and a test method for casing hole erosion simulation based on a hydraulic fracturing method.
Background
In recent years, with the increase of the exploration reserves of low permeability oil fields, oil field enterprises increase the strength of developing low permeability oil and gas reservoirs in order to relieve the national energy crisis. Hydraulic fracturing technology with large discharge capacity and high sand ratio is widely applied as one of important means for developing low-permeability and ultra-low-permeability oil reservoirs. In the hydraulic fracturing process, sand-carrying fluid consisting of solid such as propping agent, sand and fracturing fluid is injected into the casing, and flows to the cracks through casing perforation, so that the effects of supporting the cracks and guiding the flow are achieved. During this process, the casing perforations are subjected to varying degrees of flow washout, resulting in increased casing pore size, thinner wall thickness, and even cracking and failure.
With the development of the fracturing technology, in order to further improve the fracturing transformation effect, on the basis of the multi-section clustering fracturing technology of the horizontal well and primary shaping of main parameters, the cluster spacing and the number of perforation clusters of the fracturing transformation section are continuously optimized, the cluster spacing is greatly reduced, the number of perforation clusters of a single section is increased, namely, the number of holes is reduced, the sand adding amount of the single section is increased, so that the erosion of the holes is aggravated, and especially, under extreme working conditions such as bridge plug displacement, temporary blocking failure in the section and the like, the erosion suffered by the perforation holes is obviously enhanced. In the large-displacement high-strength sand-adding fracturing process, the flow velocity at the perforation holes often reaches hundreds of meters, so that serious erosion of the perforation holes after fracturing construction is caused, sand-carrying fluid throttles the perforation holes, and after serious erosion, geometric parameters of the perforation holes are increased, even cracks are generated, so that pipelines are damaged, and the construction effect is affected.
At present, the detection of the casing pipe for simulating the hydraulic fracturing technology in the prior art is often limited to the detection from the inside and the outside of the pipeline, namely, after the erosion and the pressurization of the inner wall or the outer wall of the pipeline, the corresponding analysis of the overall performance of the pipeline sample is carried out by combining the change of environmental parameters. For example:
the patent No. CN105403503B discloses a high-temperature corrosion and erosion test device for an oil well pipe buckling pipe column, and the method establishes an erosion loop between a storage tank and an erosion corrosion channel, and can detect the erosion quantity and electrochemical parameters of a small-size sample under the action of high-temperature condensation water gas phase, gas-solid two-phase, liquid phase or liquid-solid two-phase fluid. Meanwhile, in the technical scheme, the sample is connected to the sample mounting port so as to detect the corresponding thermodynamic information of the sample. That is, the sample (i.e., the pipeline) is still simulated as a whole, and the mechanical properties of the whole are correspondingly detected after the whole is eroded.
For another example, a test device and a method for evaluating erosion corrosion of an oil and gas pipeline at a high flow rate are disclosed in CN105866018B, where it is described that the device and the method mainly include a fluid circuit composed of a thin liquid layer erosion channel and a fluid storage tank, and can obtain erosion thermodynamic information, kinetic information, average erosion rate information and mechanical information of fluid to the surface of a sample under a high flow rate Bao Yeceng (gas-liquid two-phase) erosion condition of a small-size sample. The method mainly provides comprehensive corrosion thermodynamic information, kinetic information, average corrosion rate information and mechanical information of fluid on the surface of a sample for the pipeline under the high-flow-rate thin liquid layer flushing condition, namely, the method is a simulation test for the whole mechanical information of the whole pipeline under the flushing state by taking the simulation of the external environment as a main means.
For another example, a "method for testing erosion of fracturing sliding sleeve" is disclosed in the patent number CN103575639B, and the method is established in a closed circulation system which is mainly formed by serially connecting a sand mixer, a high-pressure pump, a detecting instrument, a ball seat sliding sleeve and a circulation liquid storage tank through a high-pressure pipeline in sequence, so that the erosion behavior of the sand-liquid two-phase flow to the fracturing sliding sleeve sample can be simulated. It is still a test simulation of erosion of the entire tubular body structure of the sliding sleeve.
However, one of the important roles of the sliding sleeve in the fracturing technology is that after entering the rock drilling hole, the hole is further perforated on the side wall of the sliding sleeve, and then perforation liquid of the fracturing liquid is achieved through the hole, so that in actual use, a simulation test of the state of the hole formed after the sliding sleeve can provide a very significant reference value for the performance in actual use. Meanwhile, the influence of the geometric dimension of the sleeve is required to be considered in the evaluation of the erosion behavior of the sleeve hole, and the device and the method for realizing the erosion test in the prior art mainly aim at small-size standard samples and cannot simulate the sand erosion behavior of the hole after the perforation of the real sleeve.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides the test device and the test method for the casing hole erosion simulation based on the hydraulic fracturing method, which are used for combining simulation liquid parameter adjustment through the setting of the integral structure and further introducing corresponding parameter monitoring units, so that the erosion damage behavior of the casing hole under the multi-factor effect can be simulated, and powerful reference and support are provided for the optimal design of the fracturing scheme and temporary plugging parameters.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:
in one aspect of the embodiment of the application, a test device for simulating casing hole erosion based on a hydraulic fracturing method is provided, which comprises an erosion test kettle with a containing cavity, a simulated liquid supply unit communicated to the containing cavity, and a parameter monitoring unit connected with at least the erosion test kettle; wherein,
the casing is positioned in the accommodating cavity, and the simulated liquid supply unit is used for supplying simulated liquid to the inside of the casing;
the simulated liquid supply unit at least comprises a simulated liquid storage tank and a simulated liquid parameter adjusting component which is communicated with the simulated liquid storage tank and is used for adjusting parameters of the simulated liquid.
As a preferable scheme of the application, the simulated liquid parameter adjusting component at least comprises a heating component communicated with the simulated liquid storage box and a liquid pressurizing component communicated between the simulated liquid storage box and the erosion test kettle.
As a preferable scheme of the application, the simulated liquid storage box is also communicated with a temperature monitoring piece.
As a preferable scheme of the application, the erosion test kettle is communicated with the simulated liquid storage box.
As a preferable scheme of the application, the parameter monitoring unit is a pressure gauge, and the erosion test kettle, the simulated liquid storage box and the communication passages of the erosion test kettle and the simulated liquid storage box are respectively provided with the pressure gauge.
As a preferable mode of the application, the erosion test kettle comprises a containing body with one end formed to be open, and an end cover assembly for closing the containing body, wherein the liquid outlet end of the simulated liquid supply unit is arranged through the end cover assembly.
As a preferred aspect of the present application, the end cap assembly includes a cap body for closing the receiving body, and an adjustable end seal plug provided in the cap body at one end of the receiving cavity, the adjustable end seal plug being for sealing one end of the sleeve and being adjustably provided according to a specification of the sleeve.
As a preferred aspect of the present application, the adjustable end seal plug includes a steering cylinder coaxially and rotatably disposed with the cover, an extending contact rod disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the steering cylinder, and at least one set of oppositely disposed moving blocks movably mounted on the cover in a radial direction; and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
the steering cylinder is rotated to drive the moving block to move through the extending contact rod;
one end of the moving block, which is far away from the steering cylinder, is provided with an arc-shaped abutting surface.
As a preferable mode of the application, the anti-skid fastening gasket is arranged on the abutting surface.
In another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a hydraulic fracturing method-based casing hole erosion simulation method is provided, and the hydraulic fracturing method-based casing hole erosion simulation method includes:
s100, preprocessing the sleeve to be simulated to form holes with preset sizes on the outer wall of the sleeve to be simulated;
s200, placing the pretreated sleeve to be simulated in a containing cavity, sealing the containing cavity, and correspondingly communicating an outlet of a simulated liquid supply unit with the sleeve to be simulated;
s300, preliminarily preparing simulation liquid with preset parameters, and correspondingly measuring corresponding parameters of the simulation liquid;
s400, adjusting parameters of the simulation liquid to a preset value, and determining corresponding parameters of the simulation liquid until the parameters reach the preset value;
s500, starting a simulation liquid supply unit, and supplying simulation liquid to the erosion test kettle;
s600, after the erosion simulation is finished, pumping out the simulation liquid, and pressurizing and flushing the erosion test kettle by adopting clear water;
and S700, taking out the sleeve after the test, and observing to obtain an erosion simulation result.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, in the step S100, the maximum width of the perforation is 2mm to 10mm.
Embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:
the test device for simulating the erosion of the casing hole provided by the application can effectively evaluate the erosion behavior of the injection hole when fluid flows from the inner wall of the casing to the outer wall of the casing. Meanwhile, the test method based on the test device for the casing hole erosion simulation can truly simulate complex environments and stress working conditions under various conditions in the hydraulic fracturing process, overcomes the defect that the prior art is difficult to carry out physical verification experiments, effectively evaluates erosion damage characteristics of the casing hole of the injection hole, and provides technical support for fracturing parameter design and temporary plugging parameter design optimization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are shown only for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the application, which is defined by the claims, so that any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments of sizes, which do not affect the efficacy or the achievement of the present application, should fall within the ambit of the technical disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for simulating casing hole erosion according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a pod provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a container according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a side view of one of the end cap assemblies provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a top view of one of the end cap assemblies provided in accordance with embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a fracturing fluid injector in a simulated fluid supply unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a fracturing fluid injector in a simulated fluid supply unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a partial top view of another end cap assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present application.
In the figure:
1-an erosion test kettle; 2-an analog liquid supply unit; 3-a parameter monitoring unit; 4-sleeve;
11-a receiving cavity; 12-a cover; 13-an adjustable end seal plug;
131-steering cylinder; 132-extending the abutment bar; 133-moving blocks; 134-anti-slip tightening shims; 135-a linear groove;
21-an analog liquid storage tank; 22-a heating assembly; 23-a liquid pressurization assembly; 24-temperature monitoring; 25-stirring water pump;
31-a first pressure gauge; 32-a second pressure gauge; 33-third pressure gauge.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
A specific embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the application provides a hydraulic fracturing method-based test device for simulating casing perforation erosion, which specifically comprises:
the simulation liquid storage tank 21, the stirring water pump 255, the liquid pressurizing assembly 23 (specifically, the pressurizing water pump can be selected) and the erosion test kettle 1. The simulated liquid storage tank 21, the stirring water pump 25, the liquid pressurizing assembly 23 and the erosion test kettle 1 are connected through pipelines to form a fluid circulation loop; the fluid is firstly uniformly mixed by the simulated liquid storage tank 21 through the stirring water pump 25, then pumped into the erosion test kettle 5 provided with the sleeve 4 to be tested by the liquid pressurizing assembly 23 under high pressure, the fluid in the erosion test kettle 5 always flows from the inner wall of the sleeve 4 to the outer wall through holes, then flows out from the outlet of the erosion test kettle 5, and finally enters the simulated liquid storage tank 21 to start the next circulation. The analog liquid storage tank 21 is mounted with a heating unit 22, a temperature monitor 24 (for example, a thermometer of a suitable specification may be specifically adopted), a stirring water pump 25, and a first pressure gauge 31; a valve and a second pressure gauge 32 are arranged between the simulated liquid storage box 21 and the erosion test kettle 5 through pipelines; a third pressure gauge 33 is arranged on the erosion test kettle 5.
Because of the limitation of the sample size in the prior art, the existing erosion test device and method for the physical sample are not designed with a closed erosion test box, so that the erosion behavior of the inner wall of the pipe body sample can be simulated only; when the sample size is large, the sample is difficult to load, and the erosion characteristics of the sample under the condition of externally applied load cannot be estimated; because the physical test is carried out outdoors by large-scale equipment such as a high-power pump truck or a fracturing truck, the risk of simulating a high-temperature high-pressure three-phase flow circulation loop is high. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the arrangement mode can effectively overcome the problems and form a fluid circulation loop, and meanwhile, based on the closed erosion test kettle 1, the sleeve perforation fracturing erosion process under the action of multiple factors can be simulated.
More specifically, the main simulated liquid storage tank 21 and the erosion test kettle 1 in the above structure are operated according to the following connection manner and operation procedure:
the device comprises a simulated liquid storage box 21, wherein an outlet of the simulated liquid storage box 21 is sequentially connected with a liquid pressurizing assembly 23 (a pressurizing water pump can be specifically selected for use) and an erosion test kettle 1, and an outlet of the erosion test kettle 1 is connected with the simulated liquid storage box 21 to form a fluid circulation loop; the simulated liquid storage tank 21 is further connected with a stirring water pump 255 (for stirring and mixing the raw materials constituting the simulated liquid) and a heating unit 22.
The erosion test kettle 1 is internally formed with a receiving chamber 11 for mounting the sleeve 4 to be tested. During the test, the three-phase fluid always keeps flowing from the inner wall of the sleeve 4 to the outer wall through the holes, and then flows out from the outlet of the erosion test kettle 1, finally flows back to the simulated liquid storage box 21 to start the next circulation.
Wherein, a second pressure gauge 32 is arranged on a pipeline between the liquid pressurizing assembly 23 and the inlet of the erosion test kettle 1, and the pressure in the kettle can be focused in real time through the pressure gauge. The casing 4 is provided with holes, and the liquid pressurizing assembly 2 injects fracturing fluid (i.e. simulated fluid) into the casing 4 through a pipeline, so that the inner wall of the casing 4 near the holes is pressed, and in a specific embodiment, the diameters of the holes are 2mm-10mm unequal. One end of the sleeve 4 is an opening, and the other end is welded with a plug; the erosion test kettle 1 comprises a containing body with an opening at one end, an end cover assembly is arranged at the opening end and is in sealing connection, a liquid inlet is arranged in the middle of the end cover assembly in a penetrating way, and the liquid inlet is centered with an eyelet of the sleeve 4; a liquid outlet is arranged on the side surface of the erosion test kettle 1, and the liquid outlet is connected with a simulated liquid storage box 21 through a pressure-resistant hose. The end cover component is sealed with the open end of the erosion test kettle 1 through a sealing ring and is fixed through a plurality of fastening bolts. The side surface of the erosion test kettle 1 can be provided with a heating wire.
Since one end of the sleeve 4 is sealed to the end cap assembly, it is normally necessary to tightly attach the end of the sleeve 4 to the end cap assembly by a connector such as a screw, as shown in fig. 4 and 5. However, this approach also often requires the replacement of the end cap assembly for different sizes of sleeve 4, which is time consuming and labor intensive, and requires each disassembly and installation by means of fasteners such as screws. Thus, in a more preferred embodiment, there is provided a further arrangement of an end cap assembly comprising a cover body 12 for closing the receiving body, and an adjustable end seal plug 13 provided in the cover body 12 at one end of the receiving cavity 11, the adjustable end seal plug 13 being adapted to seal against one of the ends of the sleeve 4 and being adjustably positionable according to the specifications of the sleeve 4. By such arrangement, after the sleeve 4 is placed, the sleeve 4 can be directly tightened by adjusting the adjustable end seal plug 13. In particular, the adjustable end seal plug 13 here can be connected to the inner wall of the erosion test vessel 1 and can be moved towards or away from one end of the cover 12, for example, in a radial or axial direction, in order to clamp the outer wall of the sleeve 4 tightly. Of course, since the arrangement is provided outside the sleeve 4, the arrangement is mounted on the inner wall of the erosion test vessel 1 for a long period of time, and there is a problem that replacement is inconvenient,
in a more preferred embodiment of the application, the adjustable end seal plug 13 may be mounted directly to the cover 12. Specifically, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the adjustable end seal plug 13 includes a steering cylinder 131 coaxially and rotatably provided with the cover 12, an extending abutment lever 132 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the steering cylinder 131, and at least one set of oppositely provided moving blocks 133 movably mounted on the cover 12 in the radial direction; moreover, the rotary steering cylinder 131 can drive the moving block 133 to move by extending the contact rod 132; an arc-shaped abutting surface is formed at one end of the moving block 133 away from the steering cylinder 131. The steering cylinder 131 may have one end extending to the outside of the cover 12 and be driven to rotate by an external driving structure, for example, by cooperation of a rotating motor and a gear set. Meanwhile, the surface of the steering cylinder 131 penetrating through the cover body 12 can be further provided with a plurality of jogged rings, and a sealing gasket is arranged on the jogged surface, and further, a sealing ring can be arranged between the part of the steering cylinder 131 positioned in the accommodating cavity 11 and the end surface of the cover body 12, so that a sealing effect can be better realized.
As shown in fig. 8, the moving block 133 is formed with a linear slot 135, the end of the extending contact rod 132 is hinged in the linear slot 135, and the steering cylinder 131 drives the extending contact rod 132 to rotate, so that the vertical distance between the linear slot 135 and the center of the steering cylinder 131 is reduced or increased, and the moving block 133 is limited to be mounted on the cover 12, so that the moving block 133 can only approach or depart from the steering cylinder, thereby corresponding adjustment is performed according to different specifications of the sleeve 4, and the inner wall of the sleeve 4 is abutted through abutting surface, so as to complete the abutting fixation of the sleeve 4. Moreover, the mode can be effectively and reasonably adjusted according to the specification of the sleeve 4 and the fastening force required to be applied, so that the operation is convenient, and the replacement is very convenient when a plurality of sleeves 4 are simulated simultaneously.
The specific simulation experiment process comprises the following steps:
step one: a hole with the diameter of 2mm-10mm (for example, 9mm or 5mm or other any required specification) is penetrated from inside to outside at the center of the test sleeve;
step two: placing the sleeve into the accommodating body, mounting the end cover assembly onto the erosion test kettle, and centering the hole with a liquid inlet (namely a liquid outlet communicated with the simulated liquid storage box) on the side surface of the erosion test kettle;
step three: according to the test requirement, preparing a simulated stratum water solution, and adding the simulated stratum water solution into a simulated solution storage box;
step four: adding gravel into the stirring tank according to the sand ratio required by the test, introducing the simulated stratum aqueous solution in the water tank into the stirring tank, and starting a heater after stirring uniformly to heat the sand solution to the temperature required by the test;
step five: starting a booster water pump, adjusting the flow speed of sand liquid at the outlet of the booster water pump to a test requirement value, and recording the pressure at the inlet of the erosion test kettle;
step six: starting a heating device of the erosion test kettle, and considering the temperature as the test start after the temperature is stabilized at the test required temperature;
step seven: after the test is completed, pumping the erosion fluid out of the erosion test kettle;
step eight: flushing the erosion loop by using clean water, closing the booster water pump after flushing is completed, and then removing the clean water;
step nine: taking out the test sleeve, observing the erosion condition of the hole, and analyzing the macro-micro morphology and physical properties of the hole to finally obtain the aperture after erosion.
While the application has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the application and are intended to be within the scope of the application as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. The test device for simulating casing hole erosion based on the hydraulic fracturing method is characterized by comprising an erosion test kettle (1) formed with a containing cavity (11), a simulated liquid supply unit (2) communicated into the containing cavity (11), and a parameter monitoring unit (3) connected with at least the erosion test kettle (1); wherein,
the sleeve (4) is positioned in the accommodating cavity (11), and the simulation liquid supply unit (2) is used for supplying simulation liquid to the inside of the sleeve (4);
the simulated liquid supply unit (2) at least comprises a simulated liquid storage tank (21) and a simulated liquid parameter adjusting component which is communicated with the simulated liquid storage tank (21) and is used for adjusting parameters of the simulated liquid;
the erosion test kettle (1) comprises an accommodating body with one end formed to be open and an end cover assembly for closing the accommodating body, wherein a liquid outlet end of the simulated liquid supply unit (2) penetrates through the end cover assembly;
the end cover assembly comprises a cover body (12) for closing the accommodating body, and an adjustable end sealing plug (13) arranged in the cover body (12) and positioned on one end of the accommodating cavity (11), wherein the adjustable end sealing plug (13) is used for sealing one end of the sleeve (4) and can be adjustably arranged according to the specification of the sleeve (4);
the adjustable end sealing plug (13) comprises a steering cylinder (131) which is coaxial with the cover body (12) and can be arranged in a autorotation way, an extending contact rod (132) which is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the steering cylinder (131), and at least one group of oppositely arranged moving blocks (133) which are movably arranged on the cover body (12) along the radial direction; and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
rotating the steering cylinder (131) can drive the moving block (133) to move through the extending contact rod (132);
an arc-shaped abutting surface is formed at one end, far away from the steering cylinder (131), of the moving block (133).
2. Test device for simulation of casing perforation erosion based on hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1, characterized in that the simulation fluid parameter adjusting assembly comprises at least a heating assembly (22) in communication with the simulation fluid storage tank (21), and a fluid pressurizing assembly (23) in communication between the simulation fluid storage tank (21) and the erosion test tank (1).
3. The hydraulic fracturing-based casing perforation erosion simulation test device according to claim 2, wherein the simulation liquid storage tank (21) is further communicated with a temperature monitoring piece (24).
4. The test device for simulating casing hole erosion based on the hydraulic fracturing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the erosion test kettle (1) is communicated with the simulated fluid storage tank (21).
5. The test device for simulating casing hole erosion based on hydraulic fracturing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the parameter monitoring unit (3) is a pressure gauge, the erosion test tank (1), the simulated fluid storage tank (21), and the pressure gauge is respectively arranged on the communication passages of the erosion test tank (1) and the simulated fluid storage tank (21).
6. The hydraulic fracturing-based casing hole erosion simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein an anti-slip tightening gasket (134) is arranged on the abutting surface.
7. A hydraulic fracturing method-based casing hole erosion simulation method, characterized in that the hydraulic fracturing method-based casing hole erosion simulation test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted, and the hydraulic fracturing method-based casing hole erosion simulation method comprises:
s100, preprocessing the sleeve to be simulated to form holes with preset sizes on the outer wall of the sleeve to be simulated;
s200, placing the pretreated sleeve to be simulated in a containing cavity, sealing the containing cavity, and correspondingly communicating an outlet of a simulated liquid supply unit with the sleeve to be simulated;
s300, preliminarily preparing simulation liquid with preset parameters, and correspondingly measuring corresponding parameters of the simulation liquid;
s400, adjusting parameters of the simulation liquid to a preset value, and determining corresponding parameters of the simulation liquid until the parameters reach the preset value;
s500, starting a simulation liquid supply unit, and supplying simulation liquid to the erosion test kettle;
s600, after the erosion simulation is finished, pumping out the simulation liquid, and pressurizing and flushing the erosion test kettle by adopting clear water;
and S700, taking out the sleeve after the test, and observing to obtain an erosion simulation result.
8. The method for simulating perforation erosion of a casing by hydraulic fracturing according to claim 7, wherein in step S100, the maximum width of the perforation is 2mm to 10mm.
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