CN116657311A - In-situ net forming weaving method for three-dimensional curved woven fabric - Google Patents
In-situ net forming weaving method for three-dimensional curved woven fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN116657311A CN116657311A CN202310652298.3A CN202310652298A CN116657311A CN 116657311 A CN116657311 A CN 116657311A CN 202310652298 A CN202310652298 A CN 202310652298A CN 116657311 A CN116657311 A CN 116657311A
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- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
- D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
- D03D49/04—Control of the tension in warp or cloth
- D03D49/06—Warp let-off mechanisms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
- D03D49/60—Construction or operation of slay
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional curved woven fabric in-situ net forming weaving method, which comprises a three-dimensional curved woven fabric model, wherein the three-dimensional curved woven fabric model comprises m curved woven fabric areas, and the j-th curved woven fabric area is formed by n sequentially arranged along the radial direction j The ith sub-zone is composed of warp yarns and the (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn composition; the ith sub-zone is woven by adopting a pair of convex parts and concave parts, and the specific process is as follows: warp yarns are first combined with the (r) th to (r+N) i 1 weft yarn is interwoven in a plane to form an interweaving area, a convex part is inserted below the interweaving area, the interweaving area is jacked up to the ith subarea, a concave part is inserted above the interweaving area, and after the convex part and the concave part are inserted, a concave-convex matching structure is formed, and the convex part and the concave part jointly clamp the interweaving area. The invention can realize the accurate profiling of the three-dimensional curved surface and the yarn separationThe cloth is precisely positioned and formed in situ, and warp and weft yarns can be evenly and straightly distributed in the plane projection of the fabric.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile, and relates to a three-dimensional curved woven fabric in-situ net forming weaving method.
Background
The three-dimensional curved woven fabric is a profiling three-dimensional curved shell structure fabric, such as helmets, toe caps and brassieres, fibers are continuously distributed in the curved fabric, and the three-dimensional curved woven fabric has the structure and the strength enhancing effect and is widely applied to army and civil products. With the development of textile composite materials and rapid prototyping techniques, there is an increasing demand for such fabrics.
At present, the modeling articles are generally cut, spliced and formed, the method is high in cost, and the discontinuous fibers can reduce the protection level and shorten the service life of the articles.
The profiled curved woven fabric is similar to the traditional fabric and is formed by interweaving a warp yarn system and a weft yarn system. Warp is led out by a let-off mechanism, is interwoven with weft yarn through an opening mechanism, and then a profiling fabric is formed by using different modeling methods. Three profiling methods are currently adopted. Firstly, converting a three-dimensional curved woven fabric into a multi-layer folding structure fabric by a plane method, so that the multi-layer folding structure fabric can be woven on a traditional plane woven fabric loom; however, the method has large deviation between the formed shape and the end article, needs to use a die for molding after being taken off, is easy to wrinkle, and forms higher yarn distribution density at the folded edge. Secondly, the warp-changing dense weaving method is that warp density is changed regularly in the warp direction of the fabric by a special-shaped reed, the weaving process is relatively simple, the forming effect is better than that of a plane method, but the warp and weft densities of the fabric are uneven, the mechanical property of the profiling fabric is affected, and the fabric with large change of the three-dimensional section cannot be woven due to the limitation of opening height. In the non-uniform winding method, the fabric is wound by using a special-shaped winding roller or simultaneously wound at different speeds by using a plurality of winding rollers, and in the weaving principle, as the warp consumption rate of each area of the fabric is not uniform, if the special-shaped winding roller is used, the weft yarn at the small end of the winding roller is delayed from the weft yarn at the large end, and the interior of the fabric is subjected to shearing deformation, so that the fabric with a curved surface structure is formed; although the non-uniform coiling method has simple weaving process and good forming, can be realized by modifying a common plane loom, has low loom modification cost, the design and manufacture of the coiling roller are difficult, the beating-up force presents larger fluctuation along the weft direction, and the shearing caused by non-uniform coiling is difficult to eliminate.
CN112680863a proposes a 3D curved fabric weaving technique, in which the heald eye height of each heald wire corresponding to each warp yarn is adjusted before each beat-up according to the curved surface form during weaving, the front beam and the back beam are consistent and unchanged in height, a group of curved surface isomorphic sheet supports with the same sheet thickness direction as the weft yarn direction are adopted for auxiliary forming, and one end of the sheet located at the weaving port and the first heald wire row area is inserted into the reed gap of a reed during weaving. This patent has inherent drawbacks: firstly, the thickness of the thin plate inserted into the reed is necessarily positioned between warp yarns during forming, the curved surface top surface of the thin plate is higher than the plane of the warp yarns except the top of the weaving curved surface, otherwise, the thin plate cannot be formed during weaving the curved surface of the first half part, the way of embedding the thin plate into the warp yarns influences the arrangement density of the warp yarns in the fabric, high warp density weaving cannot be realized, and the relationship among the warp yarn density, the warp yarn diameter, the thickness of a supporting body sheet and the reed specification exists, so that linkage is required for process design and equipment transformation; secondly, when weaving a three-dimensional curved surface, particularly a large-curvature curved surface, the warp yarns and the weft yarns in a bending state have a straightening trend, so that the weft yarns slide along the surfaces of the warp yarns and the support sheet, and uneven weft density is caused; thirdly, when weaving three-dimensional curved woven fabrics in different forms, not only the shape of the supporting body is required to be redesigned, but also a control device for the height of each warp harness eye is required to be synchronously designed, so that the production cost and the process complexity are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor forming, uneven distribution density of warp yarns and weft yarns and the like in the weaving and forming technology of a three-dimensional curved woven fabric in the prior art, and provides a weaving technology which adopts a curved surface profiling rigid auxiliary die (namely a convex part and a concave part) to realize curved surface accurate profiling, yarn distribution accurate positioning and in-situ net forming, and can realize straight and uniform distribution of warp yarns and weft yarns in plane projection of the fabric.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in-situ net forming weaving method for three-dimensional curved woven fabric, three-dimensional curved woven fabric model comprises m curved woven fabric areas, the firstThe j curved fabric areas are formed by sequentially arranging n along the warp direction j Individual sub-regions consist of, j=1, 2,..m, the ith sub-zone is formed by warp yarns and the (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn composition, r being the number of the first weft yarn of the ith sub-zone, i=1, 2,.. j When i=1, the number of the cells,when i > 1, & gt & lt>T i For the width (T i The value of (2) is mainly set according to the bending rigidity of the sheet, based on the fact that the sheet does not bend under the friction stretching action of warp yarn when in operation), d is the diameter of weft yarn,the weft tightness of the fabric;
the ith sub-zone is woven by adopting a pair of convex parts and concave parts, and the specific process is as follows: warp yarns are first combined with the (r) th to (r+N) i After 1 weft yarn is interwoven in a plane to form an interweaving area, a convex part is inserted below the interweaving area, the interweaving area is jacked up to the ith subarea, a concave part is inserted above the interweaving area, and after the convex part and the concave part are inserted, a concave-convex matching structure is formed, and the convex part and the concave part clamp the interweaving area together.
In-situ net forming weaving means that in the process of three-dimensional curved surface weaving, the weaving process and the forming process are synchronous, and in the weaving process, no fabric coiling motion exists, the formed fabric keeps stable forming position under the clamping of a pair of convex parts and concave parts fixed along the length direction of a loom, and the problem of poor forming caused by warp tension difference during crimping is solved. The convex part and the concave part are cooperated to weave, so that the three-dimensional curved woven fabric meeting the shape and size requirements can be obtained, the curved surface shape is contoured realistically, lateral sliding of warp yarns on the upper surface of the convex part can be avoided, uneven distribution and even local aggregation of the warp yarns are avoided, and uniform distribution of the warp yarns on a projection plane of the three-dimensional woven fabric is realized.
As a preferable technical scheme:
according to the in-situ net forming weaving method for the three-dimensional curved woven fabric, the convex piece and the concave piece are made of aluminum alloy or hard plastic materials, and the butt joint surfaces of the convex piece and the concave piece are frosted surfaces, so that the yarn slippage is prevented.
In the method for weaving the three-dimensional curved woven fabric in situ net forming mode, the male part and the female part are respectively connected with a solenoid valve controlled cylinder, and the solenoid valve controlled cylinder is inserted into the male part and the female part.
According to the in-situ net forming weaving method of the three-dimensional curved woven fabric, the differential warp yarn supply system is adopted for warp feeding in the weaving process; the differential warp yarn supply system comprises a bracket, a yarn disc shaft and a warp yarn tension adjusting rod;
the bracket comprises a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate, the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate are parallel to the front-back direction, and the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate are arranged at left-right intervals;
the number of the yarn disc shafts is more than 1, the yarn disc shafts are parallel to the left-right direction, the left ends of the yarn disc shafts are rotationally connected with the left vertical plate, and the right ends of the yarn disc shafts are rotationally connected with the right vertical plate;
each yarn disc shaft is provided with s pairs of circular ring sheets and s warp discs, wherein s is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 (the specific value of s is determined according to the specific number of warp yarns and the design of the configuration process); s pairs of circular ring sheets are fixedly sleeved on the yarn disc shaft; the s warp yarn discs are in one-to-one correspondence with the s pairs of circular ring sheets, each warp yarn disc is sleeved on the corresponding pair of circular ring sheets and is in clearance fit with the corresponding pair of circular ring sheets, and the friction force between the warp yarn discs and the circular ring sheets is 0.1-2.0N; when the yarn disc shaft rotates, the ring piece fixed on the shaft synchronously rotates, and the ring piece drives the yarn disc sleeved on the yarn disc shaft to intermittently rotate under the action of stick-slip friction, so that tension adjustment is realized;
The number of the warp tension adjusting rods is more than 1, the warp tension adjusting rods are the same as the number of the yarn disc shafts, the warp tension adjusting rods are parallel to the left-right direction, the left ends of the warp tension adjusting rods are fixedly connected with the left vertical plates, and the right ends of the warp tension adjusting rods are fixedly connected with the right vertical plates; the warp tension adjusting rod senses the total tension of all warp yarns on the surface of the warp tension adjusting rod, so that the warp tension of each warp yarn disc cannot be sensed independently, and only the loose warp yarn tension is adjusted cooperatively;
one end of each yarn disc shaft is connected with a servo motor a, and the servo motor a is used for driving the yarn disc shafts to rotate along the direction opposite to the let-off direction, so that warp yarns always keep a tensioning and tension uniform state during shedding and heald flattening.
Because the three-dimensional curved woven fabric is reduced from the top to the two sides according to the curved arc height when the curved woven fabric is woven, the warp lengths at corresponding positions are different, the traditional warp beams with equal length warp let-off in the prior art do not meet the requirement of differential warp let-off length, the bobbin cradle of the differential warp let-off in the prior art has large occupied area, and the single tension is passively controlled by the tension of the warp, so that the warp cannot be actively tensioned. The invention provides a disc type yarn storage warp feeding system which can realize independent control of single warp yarn, 1 warp yarn is stored on 1 warp yarn disc, the warp yarn disc strings are sleeved on different yarn disc shafts according to yarn positions in a three-dimensional curved woven fabric, tension on the warp yarns at different positions in the coplanar state is different, the warp feeding is differentiated, the warp yarn discs are rotated differently by different angles, namely, the passive warp feeding caused by the tension is realized, different warp yarn lengths are fed out by the warp yarn discs according to the needs, and the tension of all warp yarns is balanced again. The yarn disc shaft is connected with the servo motor a, the rotation direction of the yarn disc shaft is opposite to the let-off direction, once a certain warp yarn is loosened, the shaft drives the yarn disc to reversely rotate (relative to the let-off direction), the loosened warp yarn is actively wound to tension the warp yarn, and the real-time regulation and control of the tension of the single warp yarn are realized. After the weaving starts, the yarn disc shaft keeps rotating at a fixed speed, the loose yarn disc is driven to rotate by virtue of friction between a plastic sheet fixed on the shaft and the yarn disc, and once the friction force and the tension reach balance, the yarn disc is in a slipping state to stop rotating, so that passive let-off is formed, loose warp yarns are actively detected, and the warp yarns are rotationally tensioned. The existing creel is also passively let-off, but can not actively detect loose warp yarn and rotate the yarn drum to tension, and the space occupied by the same number of warp yarns by adopting the warp yarn supply system used in the invention is about 1/6 of the creel relative to the creel (the thickness of each yarn disc and ring piece is about 1-2 cm, and the length of a common yarn drum is at least 12 cm).
The three-dimensional curved woven fabric in-situ net forming weaving method adopts a variable-stroke parallel beating-up system to perform beating-up in the weaving process; the variable stroke parallel beating-up system comprises a reed, a cross beam, a left transmission mechanism and a right transmission mechanism;
the reed is vertically arranged and parallel to the left-right direction;
the cross beam is parallel to the left-right direction;
the left transmission mechanism and the right transmission mechanism are of symmetrical structures; the right transmission mechanism comprises a sliding block, a sliding rail and a servo motor b; the sliding rail is parallel to the front-back direction; the sliding block is in sliding connection with the sliding rail, and the sliding direction is parallel to the front-back direction; the servo motor b is used for driving the sliding block to move along the front-back direction;
the bottom of the reed is fixedly connected with the cross beam; the left end of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the left transmission mechanism, and the right end of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the right transmission mechanism.
In the process of in-situ net forming weaving, the woven fabric keeps in-situ, every time one weft yarn is woven, the weaving port moves forward, the beating-up stroke is shortened, the beating-up acting force is gradually reduced, the density distribution of the weft yarn is uneven, and the problem of forming caused by the movement of the weaving port in-situ weaving forming needs to be solved.
The variable-stroke parallel beating-up system is a system for controlling the plane state and the movement distance of the reed by a servo motor b in a programming way and compensates beating-up force deviation caused by small reduction of the beating-up distance. Specifically, the reed slides in parallel under the drive of the servo motor b to push the weft yarn to move towards the weaving port, and the thrust is dependent on the moment of the servo motor b, rather than the length of a beating-up force arm connected with a rotating cam of a traditional beating-up system. At the same time, the electronic control of the servo motor b enables programmed variation Cheng Da of the weft thread, and the variation of each beating-up stroke is determined according to the required weft density. Essentially, the system can also implement programmed continuous variable stroke beating-up.
The parallel beating-up means that the reed plane keeps upright state all the time to push the weft yarn to the fell in the beating-up process, thus being beneficial to reducing the tension difference of the upper and lower layer warp yarns and the up and down fluctuation of the fell.
The continuous variable stroke is realized by driving a reed fixed on a conveyor belt to move back and forth on a slide rail through a servo motor b, controlling the forward and backward movement distance through the number of rotation turns, and changing the number of rotation turns during each beating-up. The forward and backward movement distance is determined according to the projected length of the plane of the forming fabric after each weft yarn is introduced, and the maximum movement of the reed at the beginning is taken as a reference, and the movement of the reed is reduced by the projected length of the plane of the corresponding forming fabric when each weft yarn is introduced. Thereby, the position of the reed after each weft is introduced and beaten up is controlled by a continuous variable stroke. Essentially, this is due to the precise control of the number of turns of the servo motor b which effects an equidistant change in reed stroke, which results in a uniform weft yarn density in the plane projection of the forming fabric.
According to the in-situ net forming weaving method for the three-dimensional curved woven fabric, the number of the servo motors b in the right transmission mechanism is two, and the servo motors b drive the sliding blocks to move along the front-back direction through the connection wheels of the two servo motors and the annular conveyor belt; the two servo motor connecting wheels are arranged at intervals in the front-back direction, and the central shafts are parallel to the left-right direction; two ends of the annular conveyor belt are respectively sleeved on the connecting wheels of the two servo motors, and the middle part of the annular conveyor belt is fixedly connected with the sliding block; the two servo motor connecting wheels are respectively fixedly sleeved on the output shafts of the two servo motors b.
The method for weaving the three-dimensional curved woven fabric in situ net forming shape comprises the following specific steps:
establishing a three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model;
the three-dimensional curved woven fabric model comprises m curved woven fabric areas;
designing m pairs of upper and lower dies;
the j-th pair of upper and lower dies has the shape and size that: the shape and size of the cavity after mold closing is the same as the j-th curved surface fabric area of the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model, j=1, 2, & m;
dividing;
dividing the j-th curved surface fabric area into n which are arranged in sequence along the warp direction j A sub-region;
upper die of j pairsAnd the lower die is divided into n j Female members and n j The shape and size of the cavity after clamping of the ith male part, the ith female part and the ith male part are the same as the ith sub-zone, i=1, 2 j The ith sub-zone is formed by warp yarns and the (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn composition;
setting the insertion time and the insertion position of the ith concave part and the ith convex part;
the insertion timings of the i-th female member and the i-th male member are: warp yarn and (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn interweaving just after the end; firstly inserting the ith convex part and then inserting the ith concave part;
the insertion positions of the i-th female member and the i-th male member satisfy: the ith male member connects the warp yarn with the (r) th to (r+N) i -the interwoven region of 1 weft yarn is jacked up to the shape of the ith sub-zone, the ith female member being clamped with the ith male member;
and (3) inserting the ith concave piece and the ith convex piece according to the inserting time and the inserting position set in the step (4) in the weaving process.
In the method for weaving the three-dimensional curved woven fabric in situ net forming mode, the concave piece and the convex piece are arranged in parallel with the reed at a certain interval.
According to the in-situ net forming weaving method for the three-dimensional curved woven fabric, the weaving of different three-dimensional curved woven fabrics can be realized only by changing the concave piece and the convex piece in pairs.
Advantageous effects
(1) According to the invention, in the weaving process of any subarea of the curved surface fabric area of the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric, the convex part supports the fabric upwards at the weaving port, the concave part presses the fabric downwards at the weaving port, so that a pair of convex parts and concave parts are matched to clamp the woven three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric, warp yarns of the woven fabric are prevented from sliding to two sides along the upper surface of the convex part when the warp yarns are introduced into the next weft opening, and weft yarns in the woven fabric are prevented from being inclined due to differential stretching of warp yarns with different tensions;
(2) The invention realizes the real-time adjustment of the tension of the single warp yarn which is passively stretched and let-off and actively reversely wound, and satisfies the conditions that the warp yarn is always tensioned and the tension is uniform when the inelastic or low elastic warp yarn is opened and healed;
(3) The invention adopts the linkage control of the servo motor and the conveyor belt to control the reed to move, realizes the continuous change and the accurate control of the beating-up stroke, and solves the problems of constant beating-up force beating-up and weft density control as required;
(4) The invention realizes the profiling automatic net forming shape weaving of the three-dimensional curved woven fabric, and solves the technical problems of uneven warp tension, uneven warp/weft density, poor forming and poor shape retention in the weaving of the existing weaving forming technology;
(5) From the principle of non-uniform winding weaving, it is necessary to precisely design the profiling roller according to profiling size and yarn properties, because the arching is induced by virtue of large openings and shear stress generated by non-uniform winding; the invention provides a weaving forming auxiliary method, which does not depend on the shear stress difference, but realizes coplanar net forming by means of a profiling curved surface auxiliary, and overcomes the technical defects of the current non-uniform coiling forming;
(6) Compared with CN112680863A, the invention provides that the structure and the movement of the auxiliary forming support body and the reed are completely separated, so that the thickness of the support body is irrelevant to the gap between the reed and the reed; the auxiliary forming support body consists of a convex part and a concave part which are mutually matched to clamp the formed fabric so as to prevent uncontrolled slippage of warp and weft yarns near a weaving port in the three-dimensional curved surface weaving, and the movement of a traditional lifting mechanism and an opening is reserved, so that only the convex part and the concave part need to be changed when the variety of the three-dimensional curved surface fabric is changed; the integrated differential warp yarn feeding system is assisted with passive warp feeding and active reverse winding tension conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional curved woven fabric in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a male profiling mold according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of a weaving process of the three-dimensional curved woven fabric in-situ net forming weaving method of the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower dies in the method of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a differential warp supply system according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a variable stroke parallel beating-up system according to the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the partitioning of the three-dimensional curved woven fabric in example 1, wherein the upward arrow points to the fixed position of the warp yarn at the head, the downward arrow points to the differential let-off direction, the upward right arrow points to the last weft position, and the downward right arrow points to the first weft position;
the warp tension adjusting device comprises a 1-male part, a 2-female part, a 3-cylinder, a 4-warp tension adjusting rod, a 5-warp disc, a 6-yarn disc shaft, a 7-reed, an 8-beam, a 9-slider, a 10-slide rail, an 11-annular conveyor belt, a 12-servo motor connecting wheel, a 13-first weft plane fabric area, a 14-curved surface fabric area and a 15-second weft plane fabric area.
Detailed Description
The application is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present application, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.
Provision in the detailed description for orientation terms: the present invention is not limited by these directional terms, but is merely for convenience of description of the present invention, with the conveying direction of the warp yarns in the weaving process being the front-rear direction and the conveying direction of the weft yarns being the left-right direction.
The in-situ net forming weaving process of stereo curved woven fabric includes the following steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model;
the three-dimensional curved woven fabric model comprises m curved woven fabric areas;
(2) Designing m pairs of upper and lower dies;
the j-th pair of upper and lower dies has the shape and size that: the shape and size of the cavity after mold closing is the same as the j-th curved surface fabric area of the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model, j=1, 2, & m;
(3) Dividing;
dividing the j-th curved surface fabric area into n which are arranged in sequence along the warp direction j A sub-region;
dividing the j-th pair of upper die and lower die into n corresponding to each other j Female members and n j A plurality of male members (as shown in figures 2 and 4), the shape and size of the cavity after clamping the ith concave part and the ith convex part are the same as those of the ith subarea, i=1, 2,.. j The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The ith sub-zone is formed by warp yarns and the (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn, r being the number of the first weft yarn in the ith sub-zone, i=1,when i > 1, & gt & lt >T i For the width of the ith subregion in the warp direction, d is the diameter of the weft yarn,/for the weft yarn>The weft tightness of the fabric;
(4) Setting the insertion time and the insertion position of the ith concave part and the ith convex part;
the insertion timings of the i-th female member and the i-th male member are: warp yarn and (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn interweaving just after the end; firstly inserting the ith convex part and then inserting the ith concave part;
the insertion positions of the i-th female member and the i-th male member satisfy: the ith male member connects the warp yarn with the (r) th to (r+N) i The interweaving area of 1 weft yarn is jacked up to the shape same as the ith subarea, the ith concave part and the ith convex part are matched, as shown in figure 3, the two parts form a concave-convex matching structure, and the interweaving area is clamped together;
(5) And (3) inserting the ith concave piece and the ith convex piece according to the inserting time and the inserting position set in the step (4) in the weaving process.
In the three-dimensional curved woven fabric in-situ net forming weaving method, a convex part 1 and a concave part 2 are respectively connected with a cylinder 3 controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the convex part 1 and the concave part 2 are made of aluminum alloy or hard plastic materials, and the butt joint surfaces of each pair of the convex part 1 and the concave part 2 are frosted surfaces; in the weaving process, a differential warp feeding system is adopted for warp let-off, and a variable-stroke parallel beating-up system is adopted for beating-up;
As shown in fig. 5, the differential warp supply system comprises a bracket, a yarn spool 6 and a warp tension adjusting lever 4;
the bracket comprises a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate, the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate are parallel to the front-back direction, and the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate are arranged at left-right intervals;
the number of the yarn disc shafts 6 is more than 1, the yarn disc shafts 6 are parallel to the left-right direction, the left ends of the yarn disc shafts 6 are rotationally connected with the left vertical plates, and the right ends of the yarn disc shafts 6 are rotationally connected with the right vertical plates;
each yarn disc shaft 6 is provided with s pairs of circular ring sheets and s warp discs 5,s which are positive integers more than or equal to 1; the s pairs of circular ring sheets are fixedly sleeved on the yarn disc shaft 6; the s warp yarn discs 5 are in one-to-one correspondence with the s pairs of circular ring sheets, each warp yarn disc 5 is sleeved on the corresponding pair of circular ring sheets and is in clearance fit with the corresponding pair of circular ring sheets, and the friction force between the warp yarn disc 5 and the circular ring sheets is 0.1-2.0N;
the number of the warp tension adjusting rods 4 is more than 1, the warp tension adjusting rods 4 are the same as the number of the yarn disc shafts 6, the warp tension adjusting rods 4 are parallel to the left-right direction, the left ends of the warp tension adjusting rods 4 are fixedly connected with the left vertical plates, and the right ends of the warp tension adjusting rods 4 are fixedly connected with the right vertical plates;
one end of each yarn disc shaft 6 is connected with a servo motor a, and the servo motor a is used for driving the yarn disc shafts 6 to rotate in the direction opposite to the warp feeding direction, so that warp yarns always keep a tensioning and tension uniform state during shedding and heald flattening;
As shown in fig. 6, the variable stroke parallel beating-up system comprises a reed 7, a cross beam 8, a left transmission mechanism and a right transmission mechanism which are symmetrical to each other;
the right transmission mechanism comprises a sliding block 9, a sliding rail 10, an annular conveying belt 11, two servo motors b and two servo motor connecting wheels 12;
the slide rail 10 is parallel to the front-rear direction; the sliding block 9 is in sliding connection with the sliding rail 10, and the sliding direction is parallel to the front-back direction;
the two servo motor connecting wheels 12 are arranged at intervals front and back, and the central shafts are parallel to the left-right direction;
the two ends of the annular conveyor belt 11 are respectively sleeved on two servo motor connecting wheels 12, the middle part of the annular conveyor belt 11 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 9, and the two servo motor connecting wheels 12 are respectively fixedly sleeved on output shafts of the two servo motors b; the servo motor b drives the sliding block 9 to slide through a servo motor connecting wheel 12 and an annular conveyor belt 11;
the reed 7 is vertically arranged and parallel to the left-right direction;
the cross beam 8 is parallel to the left-right direction;
the bottom of the reed 7 is fixedly connected with the cross beam 8; the left end of the cross beam 8 is fixedly connected with a sliding block 9 of the left transmission mechanism, and the right end of the cross beam 8 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 9 of the right transmission mechanism.
Example 1
The in-situ net forming weaving process of stereo curved woven fabric includes the following steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model;
as shown in fig. 1 and 7, the three-dimensional curved woven fabric model is composed of a first weft-wise planar fabric region 13, a middle region, and a second weft-wise planar fabric region 15, which are sequentially arranged along the warp direction, and the number of curved fabric regions 14 in the middle region is 1;
the edge of the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model is square, and the side length is 15cm; the curved fabric region 14 is hemispherical and has a diameter of 10cm; the curved fabric area 14 is located in the very center area, and the width of the first weft plane fabric area 13 and the second weft plane fabric area 15 along the warp direction is 2.5cm;
the warp yarn and the weft yarn are flat filament yarns, and the width is 2mm;
the warp tightness and the weft tightness of the fabric in the curved fabric area 14 are 80%;
the fabric weave is a simple plain weave;
the first weft planar fabric area 13 is comprised of warp yarns and 1 st to 10 th weft yarns; the middle zone is composed of warp yarns and 11 th to 51 th weft yarns; the second weft planar fabric area 15 consists of warp yarns and 52 th to 60 th weft yarns;
(2) Designing 1 a pair of upper die and lower die;
the shape and size of the upper die and the lower die satisfy: the shape and size of the cavity after mold closing are the same as those of the curved fabric area of the three-dimensional curved woven fabric model, namely the hemispherical part shown in fig. 1;
(3) Dividing;
dividing the curved surface fabric area into 10 subareas which are sequentially arranged along the warp direction, wherein the width of each subarea along the warp direction is 1cm;
dividing an upper die and a lower die into 10 concave parts and 10 convex parts which are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the shape and the size of a die cavity after the i-th concave part and the i-th convex part are matched with those of the i-th sub-area, i=1, 2, & gt, 10;
the 1 st subarea is composed of warp yarns and 11 to 15 weft yarns, the width of each subarea along the warp direction is 1cm, the warp tightness of the fabric is 80%, a 1cm long fabric is formed by interweaving the warp yarns and 4 weft yarns, the 1 st convex part is inserted at the moment, the fabric is conformal with the top surface of the 1 st convex part, the cambered surface length of the top surface of the 1 st convex part in the thickness direction is about 1.57cm, the weft density of the formed fabric after conformally covering the whole sheet is less than 4 weft/cm, therefore, when weaving, reed beating does not strike the sheet, and when inserting the 1 st convex part, at least 5 weft yarns are introduced for interweaving; the 2 nd sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 16 th to 19 th weft yarns; the 3 rd sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 20 th to 23 th weft yarns; the 4 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 24 th to 27 th weft yarns; the 5 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 28 th to 31 th weft yarns; the 6 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 32 th to 35 th weft yarns; the 7 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 36 th to 39 th weft yarns; the 8 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 40 th to 43 th weft yarns; the 9 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns, 44 th to 47 th weft yarns; the 10 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 48 th to 51 th weft yarns;
(4) Setting the insertion time and the insertion position of the ith concave part and the ith convex part;
the insertion timings of the i-th female member and the i-th male member are: warp yarn and (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn interweaving just after the end;firstly inserting the ith convex part and then inserting the ith concave part;
the insertion positions of the i-th female member and the i-th male member satisfy: the ith male member connects the warp yarn with the (r) th to (r+N) i -1 interweaving area of the weft yarns is jacked up to the shape of the ith sub-area, the ith concave part and the ith convex part are matched with each other, and the ith concave part and the ith convex part form a concave-convex matching structure, so that the interweaving area is clamped together;
(5) The ith concave part and the ith convex part are inserted according to the inserting time and the inserting position set in the step (4) in the weaving process, and the specific steps are as follows:
(5.1) weaving the first weft planar fabric area;
interweaving the warp yarns and the 1 st to 10 th weft yarns in a plane to form a first weft-wise planar fabric area;
(5.2) weaving the intermediate zone;
(5.2.1) after interweaving the warp yarns and 11 th to 15 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 1 st convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 1 st subarea, inserting a 1 st concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 1 st convex part and the 1 st concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.2) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 16 th to 19 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 2 nd convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as the 2 nd subarea, inserting a 2 nd concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 2 nd convex part and the 2 nd concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.3) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 20 th to 23 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 3 rd convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 3 rd subarea, inserting a 3 rd concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 3 rd convex part and the 3 rd concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.4) after interweaving the warp yarns and 24 th to 27 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 4 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 4 th subarea, inserting a 4 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 4 th convex part and the 4 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.5) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 28 th to 31 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 5 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 5 th subarea, inserting a 5 th concave part above the interweaving area, and forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 5 th convex part and the 5 th concave part after insertion, wherein the interweaving area is clamped by the 5 th convex part and the 5 th concave part;
(5.2.6) after interweaving the warp yarns and 32 th to 35 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 6 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as the 6 th subarea, inserting a 6 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 6 th convex part and the 6 th concave part, wherein the interweaving area is clamped by the two parts together;
(5.2.7) after interweaving warp yarns and 36 th to 39 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 7 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as the 7 th subarea, inserting a 7 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 7 th convex part and the 7 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.8) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 40 th to 43 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting an 8 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 8 th subarea, inserting an 8 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 8 th convex part and the 8 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.9) after interweaving warp yarns and 44 th to 47 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 9 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 9 th subarea, inserting a 9 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 9 th convex part and the 9 th concave part, wherein the two parts clamp the interweaving area together;
(5.2.10) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 48 th to 51 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 10 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 10 th subarea, inserting a 10 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 10 th convex part and the 10 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.3) weaving a second weft planar fabric area;
the warp yarns and the 52 th to 60 th weft yarns are interwoven in-plane to form a second weft-wise planar fabric zone.
The technology of the invention realizes the net forming weaving of the spherical three-dimensional fabric. By adopting the same weaving principle, the shape of the profiling mould is changed, and the net forming weaving of curved fabrics such as vamps and the like can be realized.
Example 2
The in-situ net forming weaving process of stereo curved woven fabric includes the following steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model;
the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model consists of a first weft-direction planar fabric area, a middle area and a second weft-direction planar fabric area which are sequentially arranged along the warp direction, wherein the number of the curved surface fabric areas in the middle area is 1;
the edge of the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model is square, and the side length is 15cm; the curved fabric area is hemispherical, and the diameter is 10cm; the curved surface fabric area is positioned in the right central area, and the widths of the first weft-direction plane fabric area and the second weft-direction plane fabric area along the warp direction are 2.5cm;
the warp yarn and the weft yarn are flat filament yarns, and the width is 1mm;
the warp direction tightness and the weft direction tightness of the fabric in the curved fabric area are 80 percent;
the fabric weave is a simple plain weave;
The first weft planar fabric area is comprised of warp yarns and 1 st to 20 th weft yarns; the middle zone is composed of warp yarns and 21 st to 101 th weft yarns; the second weft planar fabric area is comprised of warp yarns and 102 to 120 weft yarns;
(2) Designing 1 a pair of upper die and lower die;
the shape and size of the upper die and the lower die satisfy: the shape and size of the cavity after mold closing are the same as those of the curved fabric area of the three-dimensional curved woven fabric model, namely the hemispherical part shown in fig. 1;
(3) Dividing;
dividing the curved surface fabric area into 10 subareas which are sequentially arranged along the warp direction, wherein the width of each subarea along the warp direction is 1cm;
dividing an upper die and a lower die into 10 concave parts and 10 convex parts which are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the shape and the size of a die cavity after the i-th concave part and the i-th convex part are matched with those of the i-th sub-area, i=1, 2, & gt, 10;
the 1 st subarea is composed of warp yarns and 21 st to 29 weft yarns, the width of each subarea along the warp direction is 1cm, the warp tightness of the fabric is 80%, a 1cm long fabric is formed by interweaving the warp yarns and 8 weft yarns, the 1 st convex part is inserted at the moment, the fabric is conformal with the top surface of the 1 st convex part, the cambered surface length of the top surface of the 1 st convex part in the thickness direction is about 1.57cm, the weft density of the formed fabric after conformally covering the whole sheet is less than 4 weft/cm, therefore, when weaving, reed beating does not strike the sheet, and when inserting the 1 st convex part, at least 9 weft yarns are introduced for interweaving; the 2 nd sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 30 th to 37 th weft yarns; the 3 rd sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 38 th to 45 th weft yarns; the 4 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 46 th to 53 th weft yarns; the 5 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 54 th to 61 th weft yarns; the 6 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 62 th to 69 th weft yarns; the 7 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 70 th to 77 th weft yarns; the 8 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 78 th to 85 th weft yarns; the 9 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 86 th to 93 th weft yarns; the 10 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 94 th to 101 th weft yarns;
(4) Setting the insertion time and the insertion position of the ith concave part and the ith convex part;
the insertion timings of the i-th female member and the i-th male member are: warp yarn and (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn interweaving just after the end; firstly inserting the ith convex part and then inserting the ith concave part;
the insertion positions of the i-th female member and the i-th male member satisfy: the ith male member connects the warp yarn with the (r) th to (r+N) i -1 interweaving area of the weft yarns is jacked up to the shape of the ith sub-area, the ith concave part and the ith convex part are matched with each other, and the ith concave part and the ith convex part form a concave-convex matching structure, so that the interweaving area is clamped together;
(5) The ith concave part and the ith convex part are inserted according to the inserting time and the inserting position set in the step (4) in the weaving process, and the specific steps are as follows:
(5.1) weaving the first weft planar fabric area;
interweaving the warp yarns and the 1 st to 20 th weft yarns in a plane to form a first weft-wise planar fabric area;
(5.2) weaving the intermediate zone;
(5.2.1) after interweaving the warp yarns and 21 st to 29 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 1 st convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 1 st subarea, inserting a 1 st concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 1 st convex part and the 1 st concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.2) after interweaving the warp yarns and 30 th to 37 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 2 nd convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as that of the 2 nd subarea, inserting a 2 nd concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 2 nd convex part and the 2 nd concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.3) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 38 rd to 45 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 3 rd convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 3 rd subarea, inserting a 3 rd concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 3 rd convex part and the 3 rd concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.4) after interweaving the warp yarns and 46 th to 53 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 4 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 4 th subarea, inserting a 4 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 4 th convex part and the 4 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.5) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 54 th to 61 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 5 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 5 th subarea, inserting a 5 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 5 th convex part and the 5 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.6) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 62 th to 69 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 6 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as the 6 th subarea, inserting a 6 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 6 th convex part and the 6 th concave part, wherein the interweaving area is clamped by the two parts together;
(5.2.7) after interweaving the warp yarns and 70 to 77 weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 7 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as the 7 th subarea, inserting a 7 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 7 th convex part and the 7 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.8) after interweaving the warp yarns and 78 th to 85 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting an 8 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 8 th subarea, inserting an 8 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 8 th convex part and the 8 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.9) after interweaving the warp yarns and 86 to 93 weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 9 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 9 th subarea, inserting a 9 th concave part above the interweaving area, and forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 9 th convex part and the 9 th concave part after inserting, wherein the two parts clamp the interweaving area together;
(5.2.10) after interweaving the warp yarns and 94 th to 101 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 10 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 10 th subarea, inserting a 10 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 10 th convex part and the 10 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.3) weaving a second weft planar fabric area;
the warp yarns and the 102 th to 120 th weft yarns are interwoven in-plane, forming a second weft-wise planar fabric zone.
Example 3
The in-situ net forming weaving process of stereo curved woven fabric includes the following steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model;
the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model consists of a first weft-direction planar fabric area, a middle area and a second weft-direction planar fabric area which are sequentially arranged along the warp direction, wherein the number of the curved surface fabric areas in the middle area is 1;
the edge of the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model is square, and the side length is 15cm; the curved fabric area is hemispherical, and the diameter is 10cm; the curved surface fabric area is positioned in the right central area, and the widths of the first weft-direction plane fabric area and the second weft-direction plane fabric area along the warp direction are 2.5cm;
the warp and the weft are flat filament yarns, the width of the warp is 1.0mm, and the width of the weft is 2.0mm;
the warp direction tightness and the weft direction tightness of the fabric in the curved fabric area are 90 percent;
the fabric weave is a simple plain weave;
the first weft planar fabric area is comprised of warp yarns and 1 st to 12 th weft yarns; the middle zone is composed of warp yarns and 13 th to 57 th weft yarns; the second weft planar fabric area is comprised of warp yarns and from 53 to 68 weft yarns;
(2) Designing 1 a pair of upper die and lower die;
the shape and size of the upper die and the lower die satisfy: the shape and the size of the cavity after the die assembly are the same as those of the curved fabric area of the three-dimensional curved woven fabric model;
(3) Dividing;
dividing the curved surface fabric area into 10 subareas which are sequentially arranged along the warp direction, wherein the width of each subarea along the warp direction is 1cm;
dividing an upper die and a lower die into 10 concave parts and 10 convex parts which are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the shape and the size of a die cavity after the i-th concave part and the i-th convex part are matched with those of the i-th sub-area, i=1, 2, & gt, 10;
the 1 st subarea is composed of warp yarns and 13 to 17 weft yarns, the width of each subarea along the warp direction is 1cm, the warp tightness of the fabric is 90%, a 1cm long fabric is formed by interweaving the warp yarns and 5 (4.5 data are calculated, and 5 weft yarns are obtained after rounding), at the moment, a 1 st convex part is inserted, the fabric is conformal with the top surface of the 1 st convex part, the cambered surface length of the top surface of the 1 st convex part in the thickness direction is about 1.57cm, and the weft density of the formed fabric after the conformal covering the whole sheet is less than 5 weft/cm; the 2 nd sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 18 th to 22 nd weft yarns; the 3 rd sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 23 rd to 27 th weft yarns; the 4 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 28 th to 32 th weft yarns; the 5 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 33 to 37 weft yarns; the 6 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 38 th to 42 th weft yarns; the 7 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 43 th to 47 th weft yarns; the 8 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 48 th to 52 th weft yarns; the 9 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 53 th to 57 th weft yarns; the 10 th sub-zone consists of warp yarns and 58 th to 62 th weft yarns;
(4) Setting the insertion time and the insertion position of the ith concave part and the ith convex part;
the insertion timings of the i-th female member and the i-th male member are: right after the interweaving of the warp yarn and the r+Ni-1 th weft yarn is finished; firstly inserting the ith convex part and then inserting the ith concave part;
the insertion positions of the i-th female member and the i-th male member satisfy: the ith convex part jacks up the interweaving area of the warp yarn and the (r+Ni-1) th weft yarn to the shape same as the ith sub-area, the ith concave part and the ith convex part are matched with each other, and the ith concave part and the ith convex part form a concave-convex matching structure to jointly clamp the interweaving area;
(5) The ith concave part and the ith convex part are inserted according to the inserting time and the inserting position set in the step (4) in the weaving process, and the specific steps are as follows:
(5.1) weaving the first weft planar fabric area;
interweaving the warp yarns and the 1 st to 12 th weft yarns in a plane to form a first weft-wise planar fabric area;
(5.2) weaving the intermediate zone;
(5.2.1) after interweaving the warp yarns and 13 th to 17 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 1 st convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 1 st subarea, inserting a 1 st concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 1 st convex part and the 1 st concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.2) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 18 th to 22 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 2 nd convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as the 2 nd subarea, inserting a 2 nd concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 2 nd convex part and the 2 nd concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.3) after interweaving the warp yarns and 23 rd to 27 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 3 rd convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 3 rd subarea, inserting a 3 rd concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 3 rd convex part and the 3 rd concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.4) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 28 th to 32 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 4 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 4 th subarea, inserting a 4 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 4 th convex part and the 4 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.5) after interweaving the warp yarns and 33 to 37 weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 5 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as that of a 5 th subarea, inserting a 5 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 5 th convex part and the 5 th concave part, wherein the two parts clamp the interweaving area together;
(5.2.6) after interweaving warp yarns and 38 th to 42 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 6 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to a shape same as that of a 6 th subarea, inserting a 6 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 6 th convex part and the 6 th concave part, wherein the interweaving area is clamped by the 6 th convex part and the 6 th concave part together;
(5.2.7) after interweaving warp yarns and 43 to 47 weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 7 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the shape same as the 7 th subarea, inserting a 7 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 7 th convex part and the 7 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.8) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 48 th to 52 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting an 8 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 8 th subarea, inserting an 8 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 8 th convex part and the 8 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.2.9) after interweaving the warp yarns and 53-57 weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 9 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 9 th subarea, inserting a 9 th concave part above the interweaving area, and forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 9 th convex part and the 9 th concave part after inserting, wherein the two parts clamp the interweaving area together;
(5.2.10) after interweaving the warp yarns and the 58 th to 62 th weft yarns in a plane to form an interweaving area, inserting a 10 th convex part below the interweaving area, jacking the interweaving area to the 10 th subarea, inserting a 10 th concave part above the interweaving area, and after inserting, forming a concave-convex matching structure by the 10 th convex part and the 10 th concave part, and clamping the interweaving area together;
(5.3) weaving a second weft planar fabric area;
the warp yarns and the 63-68 th weft yarn are interwoven in-plane to form a second weft-wise planar fabric zone.
Claims (7)
1. A three-dimensional curved woven fabric in-situ net forming weaving method is characterized in that a three-dimensional curved woven fabric model comprises m curved woven fabric areas, and the j-th curved woven fabric area is formed by n sequentially arranged along the warp direction j Individual sub-regions consist of, j=1, 2,..m, the ith sub-zone is formed by warp yarns and the (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn composition, r being the number of the first weft yarn of the ith sub-zone, i=1, 2,.. j When i=1, the number of the cells,when i > 1, & gt & lt>T i For the width of the ith subregion in the warp direction, d is the diameter of the weft yarn,/for the weft yarn>The weft tightness of the fabric;
weaving an ith subregion using a pair of male and female membersThe specific process is as follows: warp yarns are first combined with the (r) th to (r+N) i After 1 weft yarn is interwoven in a plane to form an interweaving area, a convex part is inserted below the interweaving area, the interweaving area is jacked up to the ith subarea, a concave part is inserted above the interweaving area, and after the convex part and the concave part are inserted, a concave-convex matching structure is formed, and the convex part and the concave part clamp the interweaving area together.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the male and female members are made of aluminum alloy or hard plastic material, and the mating surfaces of the male and female members are frosted surfaces.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the male member and female member are each connected to a solenoid operated cylinder.
4. The method for in-situ net forming and weaving of a three-dimensional curved woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein a differential warp yarn feeding system is adopted for warp feeding in the weaving process; the differential warp yarn supply system comprises a bracket, a yarn disc shaft and a warp yarn tension adjusting rod;
the bracket comprises a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate, the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate are parallel to the front-back direction, and the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate are arranged at left-right intervals;
the number of the yarn disc shafts is more than 1, the yarn disc shafts are parallel to the left-right direction, the left ends of the yarn disc shafts are rotationally connected with the left vertical plate, and the right ends of the yarn disc shafts are rotationally connected with the right vertical plate;
each yarn disc shaft is provided with s pairs of circular ring sheets and s warp discs, and s is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; s pairs of circular ring sheets are fixedly sleeved on the yarn disc shaft; the s warp yarn discs are in one-to-one correspondence with the s pairs of circular ring sheets, each warp yarn disc is sleeved on the corresponding pair of circular ring sheets and is in clearance fit with the corresponding pair of circular ring sheets, and the friction force between the warp yarn discs and the circular ring sheets is 0.1-2.0N;
the number of the warp tension adjusting rods is more than 1, the warp tension adjusting rods are the same as the number of the yarn disc shafts, the warp tension adjusting rods are parallel to the left-right direction, the left ends of the warp tension adjusting rods are fixedly connected with the left vertical plates, and the right ends of the warp tension adjusting rods are fixedly connected with the right vertical plates;
One end of each yarn disc shaft is connected with a servo motor a, and the servo motor a is used for driving the yarn disc shafts to rotate along the direction opposite to the let-off direction, so that warp yarns always keep a tensioning and tension uniform state during shedding and heald flattening.
5. The method for weaving the three-dimensional curved woven fabric in-situ net forming shape according to claim 1, wherein a variable-stroke parallel beating-up system is adopted for beating-up in the weaving process; the variable stroke parallel beating-up system comprises a reed, a cross beam, a left transmission mechanism and a right transmission mechanism;
the reed is vertically arranged and parallel to the left-right direction;
the cross beam is parallel to the left-right direction;
the left transmission mechanism and the right transmission mechanism are of symmetrical structures; the right transmission mechanism comprises a sliding block, a sliding rail and a servo motor b; the sliding rail is parallel to the front-back direction; the sliding block is in sliding connection with the sliding rail, and the sliding direction is parallel to the front-back direction; the servo motor b is used for driving the sliding block to move along the front-back direction;
the bottom of the reed is fixedly connected with the cross beam; the left end of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the left transmission mechanism, and the right end of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the right transmission mechanism.
6. The method for in-situ net forming and weaving of three-dimensional curved woven fabric according to claim 5, wherein the number of servo motors b in the right transmission mechanism is two, and the servo motors b drive the sliding blocks to move along the front-back direction through two servo motor connecting wheels and an annular conveyor belt; the two servo motor connecting wheels are arranged at intervals in the front-back direction, and the central shafts are parallel to the left-right direction; two ends of the annular conveyor belt are respectively sleeved on the connecting wheels of the two servo motors, and the middle part of the annular conveyor belt is fixedly connected with the sliding block; the two servo motor connecting wheels are respectively fixedly sleeved on the output shafts of the two servo motors b.
7. The method for weaving the three-dimensional curved woven fabric in situ net forming shape according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model;
(2) Designing m pairs of upper and lower dies;
the j-th pair of upper and lower dies has the shape and size that: the shape and the size of the cavity after the die assembly are the same as those of the j-th curved surface fabric area of the three-dimensional curved surface woven fabric model;
(3) Dividing;
dividing the j-th curved surface fabric area into n which are arranged in sequence along the warp direction j A sub-region;
dividing the j-th pair of upper and lower dies into n j Female members and n j The shape and the size of the cavity after the ith concave part and the ith convex part are matched with the ith subarea;
(4) Setting the insertion time and the insertion position of the ith concave part and the ith convex part;
the insertion timings of the i-th female member and the i-th male member are: warp yarn and (r) to (r+N) i -1 weft yarn interweaving just after the end; firstly inserting the ith convex part and then inserting the ith concave part;
the insertion positions of the i-th female member and the i-th male member satisfy: the ith male member connects the warp yarn with the (r) th to (r+N) i -the interwoven region of 1 weft yarn is jacked up to the shape of the ith sub-zone, the ith female member being clamped with the ith male member;
(5) And (3) inserting the ith concave piece and the ith convex piece according to the inserting time and the inserting position set in the step (4) in the weaving process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310652298.3A CN116657311A (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | In-situ net forming weaving method for three-dimensional curved woven fabric |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310652298.3A CN116657311A (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | In-situ net forming weaving method for three-dimensional curved woven fabric |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116657311A true CN116657311A (en) | 2023-08-29 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310652298.3A Pending CN116657311A (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | In-situ net forming weaving method for three-dimensional curved woven fabric |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116657311A (en) |
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- 2023-06-05 CN CN202310652298.3A patent/CN116657311A/en active Pending
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