CN116656403A - Preparation method for producing biodiesel by using cottonseed oil - Google Patents
Preparation method for producing biodiesel by using cottonseed oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN116656403A CN116656403A CN202310600059.3A CN202310600059A CN116656403A CN 116656403 A CN116656403 A CN 116656403A CN 202310600059 A CN202310600059 A CN 202310600059A CN 116656403 A CN116656403 A CN 116656403A
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- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for producing biodiesel by using cottonseed oil, which comprises the following steps: s1, cotton oil pretreatment: heating cotton oil to 60-70deg.C, adding refined acid for acidification at a temperature of appropriate temperature, adding refined acid to neutralize free acid and other impurities, and adding calcium carbonate for fermentation reaction with the amount of refined acid of 0.5% of cotton oil mass. The invention can effectively provide the yield and quality of high biological oil, the impurities and free fatty acid in cotton oil can be effectively removed by adding high-temperature acid and wax acid in the pretreatment process, the efficiency and quality of the melting reaction are improved, the reaction speed and yield can be improved by adopting the alkalization catalytic reaction, the condensation point and acid value of the biological diesel oil can be effectively reduced, the impurities and additives in the process can be removed by the purification process, the high-purity biological diesel oil is obtained, and the quality and stability of the biological diesel oil are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile control, in particular to a preparation method for producing biodiesel by using cottonseed oil.
Background
In the last decades, with increasing attention to climate change and environmental sustainability, the production of biofuels from renewable resources has become an increasingly important field of research and development, which are fuels extracted from plant and algae and other biological materials, which are considered renewable, because they can be produced using sustainable farming methods and other environmental practices, a class of biofuels of particular interest in recent years is biodiesel, which is a renewable fuel produced by chemical conversion of vegetable oils or animal fats into esters, which can be used in diesel engines without any modification, and which produces much lower emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants than traditional petroleum-based diesel, cotton seed oil is a particularly promising biodiesel production raw material, because it is a relatively low cost and abundant vegetable oil source, however, cotton seed oil contains relatively high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, which can lead to instability and quality degradation of the resulting biodiesel, and therefore, development of an efficient method for producing high quality biodiesel using cotton seed oil is an important field of research.
With the increasing environmental awareness, biodiesel is widely focused and applied as a renewable clean fuel, cotton oil is a common vegetable oil, contains rich grease content, and is considered as a possible biodiesel raw material, however, cotton oil contains a large amount of unsaturated and fatty acids, is easy to oxidize and fuse, and thus the quality of biodiesel is unstable, so that an effective production method is needed to provide the efficiency and quality of high cotton oil product diesel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method for producing biodiesel by using cottonseed oil aiming at the defects in the background technology.
The invention aims to solve the above-mentioned phenomenon, adopt the following technical scheme, a preparation method for producing biodiesel by using cottonseed oil, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, cotton oil pretreatment: heating cotton oil to 60-70 ℃, at the temperature, adding an acid for acidification treatment, adding the acid for neutralization of impurities such as free acid and the like, and facilitating subsequent catalytic acidification reaction, wherein the amount of the added acid is 0.5% of the mass of the cotton oil, adding calcium carbonate for fermentation reaction, wherein the calcium carbonate belongs to an effective starter, and can promote fermentation reaction, the added calcium carbonate is 0.2% of the mass of the cotton oil, the acidification reaction time is 1-2 hours, the acidification reaction time is up to standard according to the specific conditions, so as to ensure that all free fat is neutralized, the impurities are removed, the catalytic fermentation reaction time is 4-6 hours, and the catalytic fermentation reaction time is up to standard according to the specific conditions, so as to ensure that the reaction is completely carried out, and the fermentation effect of the product is up to standard;
s2, biodiesel preparation: the cotton oil and the methanol are added into a reaction kettle according to the proportion of 1:6, the proportion can ensure the full contact of reactants, the reaction in the reaction kettle is promoted, the methanol is one of reactants for alcoholization reaction and is also a dissolving agent, then NaOH is added for alkalization catalytic reaction, the NaOH is an effective alkali catalyst, the catalytic reaction can be promoted, the added NaOH is 1.5% of the methanol, the reaction temperature is 60-65 ℃, the reaction temperature is controlled within a proper temperature range so as to ensure the reaction progress and the quality of materials, excessive side reaction can be avoided under the condition that the reaction temperature is proper, the reaction time is 2.5 hours, and the reaction time is up to standard according to specific conditions so as to ensure the complete entering of the reaction;
s3, purifying biodiesel: setting the reaction kettle in a static state, precipitating impurities and additives in the reaction kettle to the bottom, wherein the precipitating time can be determined according to the property and the temperature of the reaction liquid and the specific production site conditions, generally a few hours, setting the precipitated reaction liquid in a centrifugal machine, separating the impurities and the catalyst from the reaction liquid by using a high-speed rotary centrifugal machine, determining the centrifugal separation time according to the specific production site conditions, generally a few minutes, filtering the centrifuged reaction liquid by using filter paper or filter equipment to remove the additives and the auxiliaries, and judging the filtering time and the filtering method according to the specific filtering equipment;
s4, diesel performance test: the prepared biodiesel is subjected to performance index tests of concentration, temperature, flash point, condensation point, acid value, carbon residue and the like so as to ensure that the biodiesel meets the national standard and the use requirement.
As a further preferable mode of the invention, in the step S1, the reaction liquid is subjected to neutralization treatment by distilled water, after acidification and fermentation reaction, acidic substances and a fermentation agent exist in the reaction liquid, and the distilled water is used for carrying out neutralization treatment on the reaction liquid, so that impurities can be removed, and the reaction liquid is purified, wherein the pH value of the neutralization treatment is required to reach 7-8, so that the reaction liquid is ensured not to have excessive acidic or alkaline substances, and all steps in the pretreatment are required to be carried out under proper temperature and time conditions, and are specifically carried out according to the general industrial standard, so that the completeness of the reaction and the high quality of the product are ensured.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the reaction solution is neutralized with steam water, and after the fermentation reaction, some defective substances are present in the reaction solution, and the reaction solution is neutralized with steam water to remove such impurities, thereby purifying the reaction solution, and the neutralization treatment should be performed to a pH of 7 to ensure that the reaction solution does not contain excessive acidic or basic substances.
In a further preferred mode of the present invention, in step S3, the filtered biological wax oil is washed with distilled water or other solvents to remove residual auxiliary agents and impurities, the washing time and method are determined according to the nature of the reaction liquid and the type of the detergent, the washed biological diesel oil is dried after the washing is completed, the washed biological diesel oil is placed in a dryer to remove water and the detergent, and the drying time and method can be determined according to the nature of the reaction liquid and the temperature of the dryer equipment.
As a further preferred mode of the present invention, in step S4, the precision test refers to the use of a precision balance or a scale, the precision test is performed on the biodiesel to ensure that the quality meets the national standard and the use requirement, the temperature test refers to the use of a thermometer or a temperature calculator, the physical properties of the biodiesel such as density, concentration, etc. at different temperatures are tested to obtain the fluidity and stability of the biodiesel at different temperatures, the flash point test refers to the use of a flash point instrument, the flash point of the biodiesel is tested to obtain the flammability and safety of the biodiesel, the condensation point test refers to the use of a condensation point instrument, the condensation point of the biodiesel is tested to obtain the low-temperature fluidity and the practicability of the biodiesel, the acid value test refers to the use of an acidometer or an acidometer, the acid value of the biodiesel is tested to obtain the ph value and the stability of the biodiesel, the carbon residue test refers to the use of a sublimator other test equipment, and the combustion efficiency and environmental protection performance of the biodiesel are obtained.
Compared with the traditional preparation method, the preparation method has the advantages that the high-temperature acid and the wax acid are added in the first pretreatment process, so that impurities and free fatty acids in cotton oil can be effectively removed, the efficiency and quality of a melting reaction are improved, the reaction speed and yield can be improved by adopting an alkalization catalytic reaction, the condensation point and acid value of biodiesel can be effectively reduced, impurities and additives in the preparation process can be removed by adopting a pure chemical process, high-purity biodiesel is obtained, and the quality and stability of the biodiesel are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the preparation method of biodiesel by using cottonseed oil comprises the following steps:
s1, cotton oil pretreatment: heating cotton oil to 60-70 ℃, at the temperature, adding an acid for acidification treatment, adding the acid for neutralization of impurities such as free acid and the like, and facilitating subsequent catalytic acidification reaction, wherein the amount of the added acid is 0.5% of the mass of the cotton oil, adding calcium carbonate for fermentation reaction, wherein the calcium carbonate belongs to an effective starter, and can promote fermentation reaction, the added calcium carbonate is 0.2% of the mass of the cotton oil, the acidification reaction time is 1-2 hours, the acidification reaction time is up to standard according to the specific conditions, so as to ensure that all free fat is neutralized, the impurities are removed, the catalytic fermentation reaction time is 4-6 hours, and the catalytic fermentation reaction time is up to standard according to the specific conditions, so as to ensure that the reaction is completely carried out, and the fermentation effect of the product is up to standard; after the reaction solution is subjected to neutralization treatment by distilled water, acidic substances and a fermenting agent exist in the reaction solution, and impurities can be removed by the neutralization treatment by distilled water, so that the reaction solution is purified, the pH value of the neutralization treatment is 7-8, the condition that the reaction solution does not contain various acidic or alkaline substances is ensured, and all steps in the pretreatment are performed under proper temperature and time conditions, particularly according to the general standard of industry, so that the completeness of the reaction and the high quality of products are ensured.
S2, biodiesel preparation: the cotton oil and the methanol are added into a reaction kettle according to the proportion of 1:6, the proportion can ensure the full contact of reactants, the reaction in the reaction kettle is promoted, the methanol is one of reactants for alcoholization reaction and is also a dissolving agent, then NaOH is added for alkalization catalytic reaction, the NaOH is an effective alkali catalyst, the catalytic reaction can be promoted, the added NaOH is 1.5% of the methanol, the reaction temperature is 60-65 ℃, the reaction temperature is controlled within a proper temperature range so as to ensure the reaction progress and the quality of materials, excessive side reaction can be avoided under the condition that the reaction temperature is proper, the reaction time is 2.5 hours, and the reaction time is up to standard according to specific conditions so as to ensure the complete entering of the reaction; the reaction liquid is neutralized by steam water, and after the fermentation reaction, some defective substances exist in the reaction liquid, and the impurities can be removed by the neutralization treatment of the reaction liquid by the steam water, so that the reaction liquid is purified, and the pH value of the neutralization treatment is required to reach 7, so as to ensure that the reaction liquid does not contain excessive acidic or alkaline substances.
S3, purifying biodiesel: setting the reaction kettle in a static state, precipitating impurities and additives in the reaction kettle to the bottom, wherein the precipitating time can be determined according to the property and the temperature of the reaction liquid and the specific production site conditions, generally a few hours, setting the precipitated reaction liquid in a centrifugal machine, separating the impurities and the catalyst from the reaction liquid by using a high-speed rotary centrifugal machine, determining the centrifugal separation time according to the specific production site conditions, generally a few minutes, filtering the centrifuged reaction liquid by using filter paper or filter equipment to remove the additives and the auxiliaries, and judging the filtering time and the filtering method according to the specific filtering equipment; the biological wax oil after the reaction liquid is filtered still needs to be cleaned, distilled water or other solvents are used for cleaning the filtered biological wax oil so as to remove residual auxiliary agents and impurities, the cleaning time and method are determined according to the properties of the reaction liquid and the types of detergents, the biological diesel oil after the cleaning is dried, the washed biological diesel oil is arranged in a dryer to remove the water and the detergents, and the drying time and method can be determined according to the properties of the reaction liquid and the temperature of dryer equipment.
S4, diesel performance test: performing performance index tests on the concentration, temperature, flash point, condensation point, acid value, carbon residue and the like of the manufactured biodiesel so as to ensure that the biodiesel meets the national standard and the use requirement; the precision test refers to the precision test of biodiesel by using a precision balance or a scale to ensure that the quality of the biodiesel meets the national standard and the use requirement, the temperature test refers to the test of physical properties such as density, concentration and the like of the biodiesel at different temperatures by using a thermometer or a temperature calculator to obtain the fluidity and the stability of the biodiesel at different temperatures, the flash point test refers to the test of the flash point of the biodiesel by using a flash point instrument to obtain the flammability and the safety of the biodiesel, the condensation point test refers to the test of the condensation point of the biodiesel by using a condensation point instrument to obtain the low-temperature fluidity and the practicability of the biodiesel, the acid value test refers to the test of the acid value of the biodiesel by using an acidometer or an acidometer to obtain the pH value and the stability of the biodiesel, and the carbon residue test refers to the test of the carbon residue of the biodiesel by using a sublimator other test equipment to obtain the combustion efficiency and the environmental protection performance of the biodiesel.
Example two
The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preprocessing cotton oil, namely heating 1000 g of cotton oil to 65 ℃, adding 5g of maleic acid into the cotton oil to perform acidification treatment, simultaneously adding 2 g of wax acid into the cotton oil to perform catalytic fermentation reaction for 5 hours, and neutralizing the reaction liquid by using steam water after the reaction is finished to enable the pH value to reach 7;
secondly, preparing biodiesel, namely adding treated cotton oil and 6000 ml of comparative example of methanol photo 1:6 into a reaction kettle, adding 30 g of Na OH for carrying out base catalytic fermentation reaction at the reaction temperature of 85 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out neutralization treatment on the reaction liquid by using cooking water to ensure that the pH value reaches 7;
thirdly, purifying the biodiesel, namely removing impurities and a catalyst in the reaction liquid through a series of operations such as precipitation, centrifugation, filtration and the like to obtain pure biodiesel;
fourth, performance tests of biodiesel are carried out on the produced biodiesel, and performance indexes such as concentration, temperature, flash point, condensation point, acid value, carbon residue and the like are tested, and the result shows that the produced biodiesel has the concentration of 0.875g/cm < 3 >, the temperature of 4.56mm < 2 >/s, the flash point of 138 ℃, the condensation point of-3 ℃, the acid value of 0.35mgKOH/g and the residue of 0.03%. The performance indexes meet the national standard and the use requirement.
In summary, the present invention can effectively provide high bio-oil yield and quality, and compared with the conventional manufacturing method, the manufacturing method of the present invention has the advantages that the impurities and free fatty acids in cotton oil can be effectively removed by adding high temperature acid and wax acid in the first pretreatment process, the efficiency and quality of the melting reaction are improved, the reaction speed and yield can be improved by adopting the alkalization catalytic reaction, the condensation point and acid value of biodiesel can be effectively reduced, impurities and additives in the manufacturing process can be removed by the third pure chemical process, and the high purity biodiesel is obtained, and the quality and stability of the biodiesel are improved, so that the manufacturing method of the present invention has wide application prospects and economic values.
While the fundamental and principal features of the invention and advantages of the invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method for producing biodiesel by using cottonseed oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cotton oil pretreatment: heating cotton oil to 60-70 ℃, at the temperature, adding an acid for acidification treatment, adding the acid for neutralization of impurities such as free acid and the like, and facilitating subsequent catalytic acidification reaction, wherein the amount of the added acid is 0.5% of the mass of the cotton oil, adding calcium carbonate for fermentation reaction, wherein the calcium carbonate belongs to an effective starter, and can promote fermentation reaction, the added calcium carbonate is 0.2% of the mass of the cotton oil, the acidification reaction time is 1-2 hours, the acidification reaction time is up to standard according to the specific conditions, so as to ensure that all free fat is neutralized, the impurities are removed, the catalytic fermentation reaction time is 4-6 hours, and the catalytic fermentation reaction time is up to standard according to the specific conditions, so as to ensure that the reaction is completely carried out, and the fermentation effect of the product is up to standard;
s2, biodiesel preparation: the cotton oil and the methanol are added into a reaction kettle according to the proportion of 1:6, the proportion can ensure the full contact of reactants, the reaction in the reaction kettle is promoted, the methanol is one of reactants for alcoholization reaction and is also a dissolving agent, then NaOH is added for alkalization catalytic reaction, the NaOH is an effective alkali catalyst, the catalytic reaction can be promoted, the added NaOH is 1.5% of the methanol, the reaction temperature is 60-65 ℃, the reaction temperature is controlled within a proper temperature range so as to ensure the reaction progress and the quality of materials, excessive side reaction can be avoided under the condition that the reaction temperature is proper, the reaction time is 2.5 hours, and the reaction time is up to standard according to specific conditions so as to ensure the complete entering of the reaction;
s3, purifying biodiesel: setting the reaction kettle in a static state, precipitating impurities and additives in the reaction kettle to the bottom, wherein the precipitating time can be determined according to the property and the temperature of the reaction liquid and the specific production site conditions, generally a few hours, setting the precipitated reaction liquid in a centrifugal machine, separating the impurities and the catalyst from the reaction liquid by using a high-speed rotary centrifugal machine, determining the centrifugal separation time according to the specific production site conditions, generally a few minutes, filtering the centrifuged reaction liquid by using filter paper or filter equipment to remove the additives and the auxiliaries, and judging the filtering time and the filtering method according to the specific filtering equipment;
s4, diesel performance test: the prepared biodiesel is subjected to performance index tests of concentration, temperature, flash point, condensation point, acid value, carbon residue and the like so as to ensure that the biodiesel meets the national standard and the use requirement.
2. The method for producing biodiesel from cottonseed oil according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the reaction solution is neutralized with distilled water, after the acidification and fermentation reactions, some acidic substances and fermentation agents are present in the reaction solution, the reaction solution is neutralized with distilled water, impurities can be removed, thereby purifying the reaction solution, the neutralization should be performed to a pH of 7 to 8, so as to ensure that no excessive acidic or alkaline substances are present in the reaction solution, and all steps in the pretreatment should be performed under suitable temperature and time conditions, specifically according to industry standard, so as to ensure the completion of the reaction and high quality of the product.
3. The method for producing biodiesel from cottonseed oil according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the reaction liquid is neutralized with steam water, and after the fermentation reaction, some defective substances are present in the reaction liquid, and the reaction liquid is neutralized with steam water to remove such impurities, thereby purifying the reaction liquid, and the neutralization should be conducted to a pH of 7 to ensure that no excessive acidic or alkaline substances are present in the reaction liquid.
4. The method for preparing biodiesel from cottonseed oil according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the filtered biodiesel is washed with distilled water or other solvents to remove residual additives and impurities, the washing time and method are determined according to the nature of the reaction solution and the type of the detergent, the washed biodiesel is dried after washing, the washed biodiesel is placed in a dryer to remove moisture and the detergent, and the drying time and method are determined according to the nature of the reaction solution and the temperature of the dryer equipment.
5. The method for producing biodiesel from cottonseed oil according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the precision test means that a precision balance or a scale is used for the precision test of biodiesel to ensure the quality of biodiesel to meet national standards and use requirements, the temperature test means that a thermometer or a temperature calculator is used for the physical properties of the biodiesel such as density, concentration and the like at different temperatures are tested to obtain the fluidity and stability of the biodiesel at different temperatures, the flash point test means that a flash point instrument is used for the flash point of biodiesel to obtain the flammability and safety of the biodiesel, the condensation point test means that a condensation point instrument is used for the condensation point of biodiesel to obtain the low-temperature fluidity and practicability of the biodiesel, the acid value test means that an acidity meter or an acidity calculator is used for the acid value of biodiesel to obtain the acidity and stability of the biodiesel, the carbon residue test means that a sublimator other test equipment is used for the carbon residue of the biodiesel to test to obtain the combustion efficiency and environmental protection performance of the biodiesel.
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| CN101081990A (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-05 | 张贵洲 | Preparation method of biological diesel fuel |
| CN101240182A (en) * | 2008-01-19 | 2008-08-13 | 张泉海 | Preparation method for biological diesel oil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101081990A (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-05 | 张贵洲 | Preparation method of biological diesel fuel |
| CN101240182A (en) * | 2008-01-19 | 2008-08-13 | 张泉海 | Preparation method for biological diesel oil |
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