CN116654798A

CN116654798A - Material lifting machine for building engineering

Info

Publication number: CN116654798A
Application number: CN202310567580.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯桃; 叶诗雨
Original assignee: Guangzhou Zhongchi Construction Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Zhongchi Construction Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-19
Filing date: 2023-05-19
Publication date: 2023-08-29

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material lifts, in particular to a material lift for constructional engineering. The invention provides a material hoister for building engineering, which can improve the stability of materials. The utility model provides a material lifting machine for building engineering, including loop wheel machine, arm, couple, place board, stabilizing mean and separating mechanism, loop wheel machine upper portion rotation type is connected with the arm, and arm left side downside is connected with the couple through connecting the rope, has to place the board through connecting the rope on the couple, is equipped with the stabilizing mean that is used for improving to place the board stability between placing board and the couple, is equipped with the separating mechanism that is used for separating the material of different weights and places on placing the board. According to the invention, different placing areas are divided by the partition plate, and materials with different weights are separated and placed, so that the weight on the placing plate is balanced, the influence of gravity on the placing plate and the materials is reduced, and then the hanger and the placing plate are supported by the stabilizer bar, so that the stability of the placing plate is improved.

Description

Material lifting machine for building engineering

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of material lifts, in particular to a material lift for constructional engineering.

Background

The material elevator is mechanical conveying equipment of a fixing device, can be widely applied to constructional engineering, and can be used for lifting materials upwards to a required position, so that the constructional engineering is more convenient.

The patent publication No. CN105621304A discloses a building material hoister, which comprises a base, a carrying device and a hoister, wherein the hoister is arranged on the base, a push rod, a universal wheel and a supporting rod are further arranged on the base, a movable wheel is arranged below the base, a lifting switch is arranged on the push rod, the hoister is connected with the carrying device through a fixed rope and a pulley, a guide rail is arranged on the supporting rod, the carrying device is connected with the guide rail through a lifting roller, and building materials are arranged on the carrying device; the lifting switch is connected with the winch in a control way; this kind of building material hoist can be with required building material vertical transportation to appointed height to through the mode of placing the heavy object through the counter weight platform of attaching wall fixing device and base, improve the stability of lifting machine, but be connected through the stay cord between the device pulley and the year thing device, lack the stable structure to carrying the thing device, and the wind-force of eminence is great, consequently load the thing device and load the material and rise the in-process and easily take place to rock, carry the thing device to rock in the sky and swing, take place the incident easily.

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, we design a material hoister for building engineering, which can improve the stability of materials.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the device pulley and carry and connect through the stay cord between the thing device, lack the stable structure to carrying the thing device, and the wind-force of eminence is great, consequently easily take place to rock when carrying the thing device and loading the material in-process that rises, carry the thing device and rock the shortcoming of swing in the sky, easily take place the incident, the technical problem who solves is: the material hoister for the building engineering can improve the stability of materials.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a material lifting machine for building engineering, including loop wheel machine, arm, couple, place board, stabilizing mean and separating mechanism, loop wheel machine upper portion rotation type is connected with the arm, and arm left side downside is connected with the couple through connecting the rope, has to place the board through connecting the rope on the couple, is equipped with the stabilizing mean that is used for improving to place the board stability between placing board and the couple, is equipped with the separating mechanism that is used for separating the material of different weights and places on placing the board.

In addition, particularly preferred, the stabilizing mechanism is including stabilizer bar, connecting block and first torsion spring, couple upper portion is connected with the connecting block, and even swivelling joint has the stabilizer bar on the connecting block, and the stabilizer bar lower part is equipped with the wedge, and stabilizer bar lower part and place the board contact, and stabilizer bar upper portion all overlaps has first torsion spring, and first torsion spring both sides are connected with connecting block and stabilizer bar respectively.

In addition, particularly preferred, the separating mechanism is including slide bar, first compression spring, division board, clamping bar and second torsion spring, place on the board all be connected with the slide bar around, all sliding connection has the division board between the relative slide bar, all the cover has first compression spring on the slide bar, first compression spring both sides are connected with slide bar and division board respectively, it has the screens hole to open on the board to place, the equal rotation in division board both ends is connected with the clamping bar, the clamping bar card is on the screens hole on placing the board, all the cover has second torsion spring on the clamping bar, second torsion spring both sides are connected with clamping bar and division board respectively.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the clamping bar is of J-shaped design for fixing the position of the partition plate.

In addition, particularly preferred is, still including being used for keeping stable location adjustment mechanism when placing the board and putting down, location adjustment mechanism is including locating plate, telescopic link and second compression spring, places the board lower part and is connected with the telescopic link, all overlaps on the telescopic link and has second compression spring, and the telescopic link lower part all is connected with the locating plate, and second compression spring both sides are connected with locating plate and telescopic link respectively.

In addition, particularly preferred still including being used for shielding the mechanism that shelters from of material, shelter from the mechanism including shielding plate, fixed block, stay cord, bracing piece and third torsion spring, place four edges of board and all be connected with the fixed block, all rotate between the fixed block on the same side and be connected with the shielding plate, all overlap third torsion spring on the shielding plate, the third torsion spring both sides are connected with fixed block and shielding plate respectively, shielding plate both sides all are connected with the bracing piece, all are connected with the stay cord on the bracing piece, the stay cord passes to place the board and is connected with the locating plate.

In addition, particularly preferred is, still including being used for reducing wind-force and placing the wind-force mechanism of influence of board, wind-force mechanism is including the regulating plate, the gear, rack board, the gag lever post, third pressure spring, fixed plate and fourth pressure spring, all be connected with the regulating plate on the shielding plate in the rotation mode, regulating plate upper portion all is connected with the gear, the shielding plate outside all is connected with the fixed plate, all be connected with rack board between the fixed plate on the same shielding plate, rack board upper portion is equipped with the rack, rack and gear engagement, all be overlapped on the rack board and be connected with fourth pressure spring, fourth pressure spring both sides are connected with fixed plate and rack board respectively, all be connected with the gag lever post on the rack board in the sliding mode, all open the spacing hole on the gag lever post, all overlap third pressure spring on the gag lever post, third pressure spring both sides are connected with gag lever post and rack board respectively.

In addition, particularly preferred is, still including being used for carrying out the weight balance mechanism of gravity adjustment to placing the board, weight balance mechanism is including electronic slide rail, rolling plate, motor, unable adjustment base and gravity piece, and placing the board lower part and being connected with unable adjustment base, the motor is installed to unable adjustment base lower part, is connected with the rolling plate on the output shaft of motor, and electronic slide rail is installed to the rolling plate lower part, is connected with the gravity piece on the slider of electronic slide rail.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. according to the invention, different placing areas are divided by the partition plate, and materials with different weights are separated and placed, so that the weight on the placing plate is balanced, the influence of gravity on the placing plate and the materials is reduced, and then the hanger and the placing plate are supported by the stabilizer bar, so that the stability of the placing plate is improved;

2. the positioning plate is in contact with the appointed ground position in advance when the placing plate is put down, so that the whole placing plate is prevented from being unstable due to uneven ground;

3. the shielding plate shields the materials when lifting, so that the influence of falling of the materials on the overall weight balance is avoided;

4. when the wind force is large and the materials are not easy to blow away, the adjusting plate is turned open, so that the air fluidity is increased, and the influence of the wind force on the placing plate is reduced;

5. the position of the gravity block is adjusted through the cooperation of the motor and the electric sliding rail, and the gravity block is moved to a proper position, so that the whole gravity is adjusted, and the inclination of the placing plate caused by unbalanced gravity is prevented.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a crane according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a stabilizing mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second perspective structure of the stabilizing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the present invention at a.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a partition mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a partially cut-away perspective of a separator mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of the B-site of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a positioning adjusting mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a shielding mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of a shielding mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged perspective view of the C-position structure of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a wind-resistant mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 14 is an enlarged perspective view of the present invention at D.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a partial perspective view of the wind resistance mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a first perspective structure of the weight balance mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a second perspective structure of the weight balance mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a crane, 11, a mechanical arm, 12, a hook, 13, a placing plate, 2, a stabilizing mechanism, 21, a stabilizing rod, 22, a connecting block, 23, a first torsion spring, 3, a separating mechanism, 31, a sliding rod, 32, a first pressure spring, 33, a partition plate, 34, a clamping rod, 35, a second torsion spring, 4, a positioning adjusting mechanism, 41, a positioning plate, 42, a telescopic rod, 43, a second torsion spring, 5, a shielding mechanism, 51, a shielding plate, 52, a fixed block, 53, a pull rope, 54, a supporting rod, 55, a third torsion spring, 6, an anti-wind mechanism, 61, an adjusting plate, 62, a gear, 63, a rack plate, 64, a limiting rod, 65, a third pressure spring, 66, a fixed plate, 67, a fourth pressure spring, 7, a weight balancing mechanism, 71, an electric sliding rail, 72, a rotating plate, 73, a motor, 74, a fixed base, 75 and a gravity block.

Detailed Description

Although the invention may be described with respect to a particular application or industry, those skilled in the art will recognize the broader applicability of the invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize such things as: terms such as above, below, upward, downward, etc. are used for describing the drawings, and do not represent limitations upon the scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims. Such as: any numerical designation of the first or second, etc. is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

Example 1

The utility model provides a material lifting machine for building engineering, refer to fig. 1-8, including loop wheel machine 1, arm 11, couple 12, place board 13, stabilizing mean 2 and separating mean 3, loop wheel machine 1 upper portion rotation type is connected with arm 11, arm 11 left side downside is connected with couple 12 through the connecting rope, hang through the connecting rope on the couple 12 and place board 13, be equipped with separating mean 3 on placing board 13, separating mean 3 is used for separating the material of different weights and places, be equipped with stabilizing mean 2 between placing board 13 and the couple 12, stabilizing mean 2 is used for improving and places board 13 stability.

Referring to fig. 3-5, the stabilizing mechanism 2 comprises a stabilizing rod 21, a connecting block 22 and a first torsion spring 23, wherein the connecting block 22 is connected to the upper portion of the hook 12, four stabilizing rods 21 are uniformly and rotatably connected to the connecting block 22, the stabilizing rod 21 is used for reducing shaking between the hook 12 and the placing plate 13, a wedge-shaped block is arranged at the lower portion of the stabilizing rod 21, the lower portion of the stabilizing rod 21 is in contact with the placing plate 13, two first torsion springs 23 are sleeved on the upper portion of the stabilizing rod 21, one end of each first torsion spring 23 is connected with the connecting block 22, and the other end of each first torsion spring 23 is connected with the stabilizing rod 21.

Referring to fig. 6-8, the separating mechanism 3 includes a sliding rod 31, a first pressure spring 32, a separating plate 33, a clamping rod 34 and a second torsion spring 35, the sliding rod 31 is connected to the front, back, left and right sides of the placing plate 13, the separating plate 33 is connected between the two opposite sliding rods 31 in a sliding manner, the separating plate 33 is used for dividing the placing area of the placing plate 13, two ends of the separating plate 33 are respectively connected with the clamping rod 34 in a rotating manner, the clamping rod 34 is in a J-shaped design, a plurality of clamping holes are formed in the placing plate 13, the clamping rod 34 is clamped in the clamping holes in the placing plate 13, the clamping rod 34 is used for fixing the position of the separating plate 33, two second torsion springs 35 are sleeved on the clamping rod 34, two sides of the second torsion springs 35 are respectively connected with the clamping rod 34 and the separating plate 33, two first pressure springs 32 are sleeved on the sliding rod 31, one ends of the first pressure springs 32 are connected with the sliding rod 31, and the other ends of the first pressure springs 32 are connected with the separating plate 33.

During the use, rotate the stabilizer bar 21 to the outside and open, first torsion spring 23 deformation, then inwards rotate clamping bar 34, second torsion spring 35 deformation, clamping bar 34 no longer blocks on placing board 13 this moment, according to the weight size of material with division board 33 remove suitable position, first pressure spring 32 adaptive deformation, loosen clamping bar 34 after adjusting, second torsion spring 35 resets, clamping bar 34 outside rotates the card under the reset action of second torsion spring 35 and places on board 13, thereby fix the position of dividing board 33, division board 33 will place board 13 and divide four and place the region, at this moment, people can place the material classification on placing board 13, make weight on placing board 13 keep balanced, after placing, loosen stabilizer bar 21, first torsion spring 23 resets, stabilizer bar 21 inwards rotates and blocks on placing board 13 under the reset action of first torsion spring 23, thereby support between couple 12 and placing board 13, then the material lifting machine is started, the material lifting machine drives placing board 13 upwards to promote, place in the board 13 upwards remove in the reset action, place board 12 and place weight on placing board 13 and place the weight on the couple and place board 13 and place the weight on the material lifting machine, and place the material lifting machine is stable after the step is accomplished to the material lifting machine 13, and the material lifting is placed under the operation is stable after the material lifting is accomplished.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, referring to fig. 9, the positioning adjusting mechanism 4 is further included, the positioning adjusting mechanism 4 is used for keeping the placing plate 13 stable when being put down, the positioning adjusting mechanism 4 comprises a positioning plate 41, telescopic rods 42 and second pressure springs 43, four telescopic rods 42 are connected to the lower portion of the placing plate 13, the lower portions of the telescopic rods 42 are connected with the positioning plate 41, the telescopic rods 42 are sleeved with the second pressure springs 43, one ends of the second pressure springs 43 are connected with the positioning plate 41, and the other ends of the second pressure springs 43 are connected with the telescopic rods 42.

When placing board 13 down, locating plate 41 contacts the ground earlier, place board 13 and continue to move down and make telescopic link 42 and second compression spring 43 all compressed, because construction site ground is uneven, and locating plate 41 and ground area of contact are less, make locating plate 41 can support placing board 13, avoid the ground uneven and lead to placing board 13 whole unbalanced, telescopic link 42 and second compression spring 43 can cushion placing board 13 simultaneously, so can improve the stability of placing board 13 and material, drive telescopic link 42 and locating plate 41 upward movement when placing board 13 upwards lifting, when locating plate 41 and ground separation, telescopic link 42 and second compression spring 43 accomplish the reset.

Referring to fig. 10-12, the shielding mechanism 5 is further included, the shielding mechanism 5 is used for shielding materials, the shielding mechanism 5 comprises shielding plates 51, fixing blocks 52, pull ropes 53, supporting rods 54 and third torsion springs 55, two fixing blocks 52 are connected to four edges of the placement plate 13, eight fixing blocks 52 are connected between the two fixing blocks 52 on the same side in a rotating mode, the shielding plates 51 are used for protecting the materials, four third torsion springs 55 are sleeved on the shielding plates 51, one ends of the third torsion springs 55 are connected with the fixing blocks 52, the other ends of the third torsion springs 55 are connected with the shielding plates 51, supporting rods 54 are connected to two sides of the shielding plates 51, pull ropes 53 are connected to the supporting rods 54, and the pull ropes 53 penetrate through the placement plate 13 and are connected with the positioning plate 41.

When placing board 13 and placing the ground, telescopic link 42 and second compression spring 43 are compressed, the distance between locating plate 41 and placing board 13 reduces, make stay cord 53 loosen, the third torsion spring 55 of initial state deformation resets, the shielding plate 51 rotates the outside under the reset action of third torsion spring 55 and opens, can place the material on placing board 13 this moment, when placing board 13 upwards the lift, locating plate 41 moves down under the reset action of telescopic link 42 and second compression spring 43, make the distance between locating plate 41 and the placing board 13 increase, locating plate 41 taut stay cord 53, and pull shielding plate 51 inwards to rotate through stay cord 53, the third torsion spring 55 deformation, when locating plate 41 and ground separation, shielding plate 51 rotates to vertical state, shielding plate 51 can shelter from the material this moment, prevent that the material from dropping in the lifting process influences whole weight balance.

Referring to fig. 13-15, the wind power resisting mechanism 6 is further included, the wind power resisting mechanism 6 is used for reducing the influence of wind power on the placing plate 13, the wind power resisting mechanism 6 comprises an adjusting plate 61, a gear 62, a rack plate 63, a limiting rod 64, a third pressure spring 65, a fixed plate 66 and a fourth pressure spring 67, the shielding plate 51 is rotationally connected with a plurality of adjusting plates 61, the adjusting plates 61 are used for adjusting the air circulation, the upper portions of the adjusting plates 61 are connected with the gear 62, the outer sides of the shielding plate 51 are connected with a plurality of fixed plates 66, the fixed plates 66 on the same shielding plate 51 are connected with a rack plate 63 in a sliding mode, racks are arranged on the upper portions of the rack plate 63, the racks are meshed with the gear 62, the rack plate 63 are connected with a limiting rod 64 in a sliding mode, limiting holes are formed in the upper portions of the shielding plate 51, the limiting rod 64 is clamped on the limiting holes after moving, the third pressure springs 65 are sleeved on the limiting rod 64, two sides of the third pressure springs 65 are respectively connected with the limiting rod 64 and the rack plate 63, the fourth pressure springs 67 are sleeved on the rack plate 63.

According to the wind power on the construction day and the type of the material, adjust regulating plate 61, when wind-force is great, and the material is difficult to be blown away, with rack board 63 to the direction pulling of spacing hole, fourth pressure spring 67 is compressed, rack board 63 removes and drives gag lever post 64 and remove, simultaneously drive regulating plate 61 through gear 62 and rotate and open, when gag lever post 64 moves to the spacing hole contact on the shielding plate 51, the first compressed third pressure spring 65 resets, and drive gag lever post 64 inwards move the card on the spacing hole, thereby fix the position of gag lever post 64, rack board 63, gear 62 and regulating plate 61, when placing board 13 upwards the lifting, wind passes from placing board 13 inside, so strengthen the circulation of air, thereby reduce the influence of wind-force to placing board 13, when not needing to open regulating plate 61, outwards pull out gag lever post 64, third pressure spring 65 is compressed, at this moment, gag lever post 64 no longer blocks on the spacing hole, fourth pressure spring 67 resets, reset plate 63 resets under the reset action of fourth pressure spring 67, when rack board 63 drives regulating plate 61 to rotate through gear 62 and close.

Referring to fig. 16-17, the device further comprises a weight balance mechanism 7, the weight balance mechanism 7 is used for adjusting the gravity of the placing plate 13, the weight balance mechanism 7 comprises an electric sliding rail 71, a rotating plate 72, a motor 73, a fixed base 74 and a gravity block 75, the lower portion of the placing plate 13 is connected with the fixed base 74, the motor 73 is installed at the lower portion of the fixed base 74, the rotating plate 72 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 73, the electric sliding rail 71 is installed at the lower portion of the rotating plate 72, the gravity block 75 is connected to the sliding block of the electric sliding rail 71, and the gravity block 75 is used for keeping the balance of the placing plate 13.

After the placing plate 13 is pulled up for a short distance, if the gravity unbalance of the placing plate 13 is inclined, the motor 73 can be started, the output shaft of the motor 73 drives the rotating plate 72 and the electric sliding rail 71 to rotate to a proper angle, then the electric sliding rail 71 is started, the sliding block of the electric sliding rail 71 drives the gravity block 75 to move to a proper position, so that the gravity of the placing plate 13 is balanced, the placing plate 13 is prevented from being inclined, and the motor 73 and the electric sliding rail 71 are closed after the adjustment is finished.

The technical principles of the embodiments of the present invention are described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is only intended to explain the principles of the embodiments of the invention and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will recognize other embodiments of the present invention without undue burden, and those ways that are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A material hoister for constructional engineering is characterized in that: including loop wheel machine (1), arm (11), couple (12), place board (13), stabilizing mean (2) and separating mechanism (3), loop wheel machine (1) upper portion rotation type is connected with arm (11), arm (11) left side downside is connected with couple (12) through connecting the rope, hang on couple (12) through connecting the rope and place board (13), be equipped with between placing board (13) and couple (12) and be used for improving and place stabilizing mean (2) of board (13) stability, be equipped with on placing board (13) and be used for separating mechanism (3) of placing to the material of different weight.

2. A material hoist for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stabilizing mechanism (2) comprises a stabilizing rod (21), a connecting block (22) and a first torsion spring (23), wherein the connecting block (22) is connected to the upper portion of the hook (12), the stabilizing rod (21) is connected to the connecting block (22) in a uniformly rotating mode, a wedge-shaped block is arranged on the lower portion of the stabilizing rod (21), the lower portion of the stabilizing rod (21) is in contact with the placing plate (13), the first torsion spring (23) is sleeved on the upper portion of the stabilizing rod (21), and two sides of the first torsion spring (23) are connected with the connecting block (22) and the stabilizing rod (21) respectively.

3. A material hoist for construction engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: the separation mechanism (3) comprises a sliding rod (31), a first pressure spring (32), a separation plate (33), clamping rods (34) and a second torsion spring (35), wherein the sliding rod (31) is connected to the placing plate (13) in a front-back and left-right mode, the separation plate (33) is connected between the opposite sliding rods (31) in a sliding mode, the first pressure spring (32) is sleeved on the sliding rod (31), two sides of the first pressure spring (32) are respectively connected with the sliding rod (31) and the separation plate (33), clamping holes are formed in the placing plate (13), clamping rods (34) are respectively connected to the two ends of the separation plate (33) in a rotating mode, the clamping rods (34) are clamped on the clamping holes in the placing plate (13), the second torsion springs (35) are respectively sleeved on the clamping rods (34), and two sides of the second torsion springs (35) are respectively connected with the clamping rods (34) and the separation plate (33).

4. A material hoist for construction engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: the clamping rod (34) is J-shaped and is used for fixing the position of the partition plate (33).

5. A material hoist for construction engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: the positioning adjusting mechanism (4) is used for keeping stability when the placing plate (13) is put down, the positioning adjusting mechanism (4) comprises a positioning plate (41), a telescopic rod (42) and a second pressure spring (43), the lower portion of the placing plate (13) is connected with the telescopic rod (42), the telescopic rod (42) is sleeved with the second pressure spring (43), the lower portion of the telescopic rod (42) is connected with the positioning plate (41), and two sides of the second pressure spring (43) are respectively connected with the positioning plate (41) and the telescopic rod (42).

6. A material hoist for construction engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: the shielding mechanism (5) is used for shielding materials, the shielding mechanism (5) comprises a shielding plate (51), fixing blocks (52), pull ropes (53), support rods (54) and third torsion springs (55), the fixing blocks (52) are connected to four edges of the placing plate (13), the shielding plate (51) is connected between the fixing blocks (52) on the same side in a rotating mode, the third torsion springs (55) are sleeved on the shielding plate (51), two sides of each third torsion spring (55) are connected with the fixing blocks (52) and the shielding plate (51) respectively, the two sides of each shielding plate (51) are connected with the support rods (54), the pull ropes (53) are connected to the support rods (54), and the pull ropes (53) penetrate through the placing plate (13) to be connected with the positioning plate (41).

7. A material hoist for construction engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: the wind power generation device is characterized by further comprising a wind power resisting mechanism (6) for reducing the influence of wind power on the placement plate (13), wherein the wind power resisting mechanism (6) comprises an adjusting plate (61), a gear (62), a rack plate (63), a limiting rod (64), a third pressure spring (65), a fixing plate (66) and a fourth pressure spring (67), the adjusting plate (61) is connected on the shielding plate (51) in a rotating mode, the gear (62) is connected on the upper portion of the adjusting plate (61), the fixing plate (66) is connected on the outer side of the shielding plate (51), the rack plate (63) is connected between the fixing plate (66) on the same shielding plate (51) in a sliding mode, racks are arranged on the upper portion of the rack plate (63) and meshed with the gear (62), the fourth pressure spring (67) is sleeved on the rack plate (63), two sides of the fourth pressure spring (67) are connected with the fixing plate (66) and the rack plate (63) respectively, the limiting rod (64) is connected on the shielding plate (63) in a sliding mode, limiting holes are formed in the upper portion of the shielding plate (61), the third pressure spring (65) is sleeved on the third pressure spring (65), and the two sides of the third pressure spring (65) are connected with the rack plate (63).

8. A material hoist for construction engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: the gravity balance device is characterized by further comprising a weight balance mechanism (7) for carrying out gravity adjustment on the placement plate (13), wherein the weight balance mechanism (7) comprises an electric sliding rail (71), a rotating plate (72), a motor (73), a fixed base (74) and a gravity block (75), the lower part of the placement plate (13) is connected with the fixed base (74), the motor (73) is installed at the lower part of the fixed base (74), the rotating plate (72) is connected to an output shaft of the motor (73), the electric sliding rail (71) is installed at the lower part of the rotating plate (72), and the gravity block (75) is connected to a sliding block of the electric sliding rail (71).