CN116653460A - High-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process - Google Patents

High-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116653460A
CN116653460A CN202310918715.4A CN202310918715A CN116653460A CN 116653460 A CN116653460 A CN 116653460A CN 202310918715 A CN202310918715 A CN 202310918715A CN 116653460 A CN116653460 A CN 116653460A
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China
Prior art keywords
printing
tray
ceramic plate
ceramic
gear
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Granted
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CN202310918715.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116653460B (en
Inventor
秦双红
辛长林
金巨万
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Suzhou Gaoxin Zhongke Semiconductor Co ltd
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Suzhou Gaoxin Zhongke Semiconductor Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/12—Stencil printing; Silk-screen printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/14—Forme preparation for stencil-printing or silk-screen printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00—Screen printers
    • B41F15/08—Machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00—Screen printers
    • B41F15/08—Machines
    • B41F15/12—Machines with auxiliary equipment, e.g. for drying printed articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00—Screen printers
    • B41F15/14—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00—Screen printers
    • B41F15/14—Details
    • B41F15/16—Printing tables
    • B41F15/18—Supports for workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
    • B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
    • B41M1/34—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on glass or ceramic surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
    • B41M7/009—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using thermal means, e.g. infrared radiation, heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2215/00—Screen printing machines
    • B41P2215/10—Screen printing machines characterised by their constructional features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2215/00—Screen printing machines
    • B41P2215/50—Screen printing machines for particular purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field related to high-temperature co-fired ceramic production, and discloses a high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw ceramic side printing process.

Description

High-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to high-temperature co-fired ceramic production, in particular to a high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw ceramic side printing process.
Background
The high-temperature co-fired ceramic is an advanced ceramic material, and is generally formed by mixing two or more ceramic materials, wherein the materials are sintered together at high temperature to form a ceramic substrate, and the upper side and the lower side of the ceramic substrate are required to be electrically connected through printed metal slurry.
The high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process, such as a ceramic substrate side printing method and a printing device with the application number of 201210332571.6, adopts a mode of embedding a curing adhesive into an opening to fix a ceramic plate, so that a large number of substrates can be printed at one time, but the curing adhesive is cured, slotting and the ceramic plate is embedded into the slot, so that the operation flow is complex, the repeated utilization is difficult, the positioning of a clamp is difficult in the traditional process, the printing efficiency and the printing accuracy are affected, and in addition, a large number of organic compounds can be emitted when the conductor paste for printing is dried, so that the physical health of operators is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process, which aims to solve the problems of low clamping and leveling efficiency, difficult positioning and waste gas pollution of the traditional ceramic side printing process in the background.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process comprises the following steps:
step 1, pattern design: according to the needs of customers, designing and typesetting are carried out, and the patterns and characters to be printed on the ceramic plate are determined;
step 2, plate making: transferring the designed pattern onto a printing plate, and adopting manual plate making or digital plate making;
and 3, clamping: filling cured cement into the printing tray, and uniformly distributing the printing surface of the ceramic plate on the printing tray;
step 4, leveling: placing the printing tray with the ceramic plate raw porcelain on a tray conveyor, enabling the printing tray to pass through from a ceramic plate flattening mechanism, and enabling the printing surface of the ceramic plate to be flattened by the ceramic plate flattening mechanism in a rolling way, so that the printing surfaces of all the ceramic plates are on the same plane;
step 5, curing: when the printing tray provided with the ceramic plate raw porcelain moves to the screen printer, the printing tray stays above the ultraviolet lamp for 10-12 s, so that the curing cement is cured to fix the ceramic plate raw porcelain;
step 6, printing: the flattened ceramic plate moves to a screen printer along with a printing tray through a conveyor belt, and the screen printer prints patterns and characters on the side surface of the ceramic plate;
step 7, drying: after printing, the ceramic plate is moved into a drying furnace through a conveyor belt, the drying furnace is heated to completely dry printing ink, meanwhile, the solidified cement is dissociated and restored, and then the green ceramic of the printed ceramic plate is taken down;
the equipment used in the steps 2 to 6 comprises a tray conveyor, a screen printer and a drying furnace, wherein a printing tray is supported on the tray conveyor, a ceramic plate flattening mechanism is arranged above the tray conveyor, the screen printer is arranged on the right side of the tray conveyor, an ultraviolet lamp is arranged at the screen printer, and the drying furnace is arranged on the right side of the screen printer.
Further, a plurality of ceramic plate clamping grooves are formed in the printing tray needed in the step 3, a layer of curing cement is laid at the bottom of the ceramic plate clamping grooves, the curing cement is formed by mixing reversible photo-curing adhesive and transparent glass sand, and the bottom plate of the printing tray is made of transparent toughened glass.
Further, the preparation process of the cured cement comprises the following steps:
preparing a base material: selecting high-permeability glass sand with the diameter of 0.1-1 mm, and then placing the glass sand into a polishing machine for cleaning and polishing;
the raw materials are as follows: 88% of glass sand, 10% of reversible ultraviolet curing glue and 2% of cross-linking agent are selected;
mixing and stirring: and (3) placing the reversible ultraviolet curing adhesive into a stirrer, slowly adding glass sand for stirring, slowly adding a cross-linking agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the curing adhesive plaster with certain plasticity.
Further, the curing cement is formed by mixing reversible photo-curing glue and transparent glass sand, and the bottom plate of the printing tray is made of transparent toughened glass.
Further, when clamping is performed in step 3, the ceramic plate is placed in the ceramic plate clamping groove, the ceramic plate clamping groove is filled when placing, no gap is left, and meanwhile, whether the printing surface of the ceramic plate faces upwards or not needs to be checked.
Further, a plurality of groups of metal conveying wheels are arranged on two sides of the guide groove of the tray conveyor, the metal conveying wheels are driven by a group of servo motors, the servo motors are connected with the metal conveying wheels through belt wheel transmission, and inclined guide baffle plates are arranged on the outer sides of the metal conveying wheels.
Further, ceramic plate flattening mechanism includes the fixing base, tray conveyer both sides have two sets of fixing bases through bolt fixed mounting, be provided with first gear on the fixing base, first gear below is provided with compression spring, first gear upper end is provided with adjust knob through the connecting axle fixedly connected with, the connecting axle overcoat is equipped with the sleeve pipe, sleeve pipe bottom and first gear upper surface processing have the block tooth of mutual gomphosis, first gear engagement has the second gear, fixedly connected with third gear on the second gear, third gear engagement has two sets of fourth gears, fourth gear engagement has the fifth gear, fixedly connected with threaded rod on the fifth gear, the threaded rod has the bearing frame through threaded connection, be connected with the flattening roller through the bearing on the bearing frame, be provided with micro motor in the flattening roller, micro motor is provided with the multiunit, micro motor's output fixedly connected with flexible lead screw, flexible lead screw transmission is connected with the flexible section of thick bamboo through the lead screw nut, flexible lead screw one end fixedly connected with pressure sensor, the pressure sensor has the extrusion outside the surface to wrap up outside the material.
Further, be provided with accurate conveyer belt on the screen printer, be provided with the location cylinder in printing tray printing position edge, carry the upper end fixedly connected with positioning baffle of location cylinder, still be provided with four sets of supporting cylinders in the location cylinder left side, four sets of supporting cylinders are the rectangle and distribute, are located printing tray four corners department respectively.
Further, the drying furnace adopts an infrared drying method to dry the conductor slurry, and an exhaust pump is arranged above the drying furnace and connected with a pipeline of the waste gas treatment system.
Further, the drying temperature of the drying furnace in the step 6 is set between 60 ℃ and 100 ℃, and the conveying speed of the conveyor belt in the drying furnace is between 0.05m/s and 0.2 m/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process, the curing cement, the ceramic plate flattening mechanism and the drying furnace are matched, the ceramic plate flattening mechanism can flatten a ceramic printing surface in the conveying process of the printing tray, the flattening operation is simple, the flatness is high, the curing cement can effectively support the ceramic before and after flattening, the curing cement can fix and position the ceramic after curing through ultraviolet irradiation, ceramic displacement is avoided, in addition, the curing cement can be dissociated and restored while the drying furnace dries the conductor slurry, and the ceramic is convenient to take down and reuse.
2. According to the high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process, through the arrangement of the metal conveying wheels, the positioning air cylinders and the supporting air cylinders, positioning is not needed when the printing tray is placed, when the metal conveying wheels rotate, the printing tray can be guided through the inclined guide baffle plates, so that longitudinal positioning is automatically performed, the positioning air cylinders can accurately position the printing tray moving on the precise conveying belt, the printing tray is stopped through the positioning baffle plates, then the supporting air cylinders can lift the printing tray, stable printing is performed, manual positioning and clamping are not needed in the whole process, and the operation efficiency is greatly improved.
3. According to the high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process provided by the invention, the exhaust pump on the drying furnace is arranged, so that the drying furnace is heated and dried by infrared rays, the efficiency is high, and meanwhile, compared with the traditional hot air drying, the process can not blow off volatilized organic gas, and the exhaust pump can collect and discharge the organic gas into an exhaust gas treatment system, so that the environment is prevented from being polluted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high temperature co-fired ceramic green ceramic side printing device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a printing tray according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pallet conveyor according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3A according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a flattening mechanism of a ceramic plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flattening roll of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a screen printer according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the flattening mechanism of the ceramic plate of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a structure of a latch tooth according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a printing tray; 101. a ceramic plate clamping groove; 102. solidifying the cement; 2. a tray conveyor; 201. a metal delivery wheel; 202. a servo motor; 203. guiding the baffle plate; 3. a ceramic plate flattening mechanism; 301. a fixing seat; 302. a first gear; 303. a pressure spring; 304. an adjustment knob; 305. a sleeve; 306. a clamping tooth; 307. a second gear; 308. a third gear; 309. a fourth gear; 310. a fifth gear; 311. a threaded rod; 312. a bearing seat; 313. a flattening roller; 314. a micro motor; 315. a telescopic screw rod; 316. a screw nut; 317. a telescopic cylinder; 318. a pressure sensor; 4. an ultraviolet lamp; 5. a screen printer; 501. a precision conveyor belt; 502. positioning a cylinder; 503. positioning a baffle; 504. a support cylinder; 6. a drying furnace; 601. an exhaust pump.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 8, a high temperature co-fired ceramic green ceramic side printing process includes the following steps:
s1, pattern design: according to the needs of customers, designing and typesetting are carried out, and the patterns and characters to be printed on the ceramic plate are determined;
s2, plate making: transferring the designed pattern onto a printing plate, and adopting manual plate making or digital plate making;
s3, clamping: filling the printing tray 1 with the cured cement 102, and uniformly distributing the ceramic plate printing surface upwards on the printing tray 1;
s4, leveling: placing the printing tray 1 with the ceramic plate raw porcelain on a tray conveyor 2, enabling the printing tray 1 to pass under a ceramic plate flattening mechanism 3, and enabling the ceramic plate flattening mechanism 3 to roll and flatten the printing surfaces of the ceramic plates so that the printing surfaces of all the ceramic plates are on the same plane;
s5, curing: when the printing tray 1 on which the ceramic plate raw porcelain is distributed moves to the screen printer 5, the printing tray stays above the ultraviolet lamp 4 for 10-12 s, and the curing cement 102 is cured to fix the ceramic plate raw porcelain;
s6, printing: the flattened ceramic plate moves to a screen printer 5 along with a printing tray 1 through a conveyor belt, and the screen printer 5 prints patterns and characters on the side surface of the ceramic plate;
s7, drying: after printing, the ceramic plate moves into the drying furnace 6 through the conveyor belt, the drying furnace 6 is heated to enable the printing ink to be completely dried, so that deviation or fading is avoided in the firing process, meanwhile, the reversible ultraviolet curing adhesive in the curing adhesive cement 102 can be dissociated and restored at high temperature, the curing adhesive cement 102 is enabled to restore plasticity, and then the printed ceramic plate raw porcelain is taken down. The drying temperature is set between 80 ℃ and 100 ℃, the conveying speed of a conveyor belt in the drying furnace 6 is between 0.05m/s and 0.2m/s, and the conductor paste can be sufficiently dried through the drying furnace 6 at the temperature, and the reversible ultraviolet curing adhesive can be dissociated and heated;
referring to fig. 1, the apparatuses used in steps 2 to 6 include a tray conveyor 2, a screen printer 5 and a drying oven 6, and ceramic plates are placed on a printing tray 1 and sequentially pass through the tray conveyor 2, an ultraviolet lamp 4, the screen printer 5 and the drying oven 6, so as to implement a series of processes of clamping, leveling, curing, printing and drying.
The plate making in the step 2 comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a silk screen: a suitable screen, typically nylon, stainless steel or metal alloy screen, is selected according to the requirements of the print.
S2, adjusting a net frame: the silk screen is fixed on the screen frame, and the tension of the screen frame is adjusted to ensure that the surface of the silk screen is flat and the tension is uniform.
S3, layout making: the design pattern of the print is made to the corresponding layout, usually using computer-to-plate or hand-to-plate, to print the pattern onto the screen.
S4, gluing: the glue is applied to the screen and uniformly applied to the mesh using a doctor blade or squeegee to form a pattern upon exposure.
S5, exposure: the screen is placed in an exposure machine and the plate is placed over the screen, which is then exposed using a light source to transfer the pattern to the screen.
S6, flushing: the exposed screen was placed in a washer and the unexposed gel was applied with a water spray to wash off to form a mesh.
S7, drying: the screen is placed in a drying apparatus for drying so that the screen surface is dried and fixed.
Through the steps, a high-quality silk screen can be manufactured and used for silk screen printing. It should be noted that during the process of manufacturing the screen, the quality and stability of each link should be strictly controlled to ensure the quality and stability of the screen.
Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of ceramic board engaging grooves 101 are provided on a printing tray 1 required in step 3, a layer of curing cement 102 is laid at the bottom of the ceramic board engaging grooves 101, the curing cement 102 is formed by mixing reversible photo-curing glue and transparent glass sand, and the bottom plate of the printing tray 1 is made of transparent toughened glass, so that ultraviolet rays can penetrate through the bottom plate of the printing tray 1 and the curing cement 102 to cure the same.
The preparation process of the cured cement 102 is as follows:
preparing a base material: selecting high-permeability glass sand with the diameter of 0.1-1 mm, and then placing the glass sand into a polishing machine for cleaning and polishing;
the raw materials are as follows: 88% of glass sand, 10% of reversible ultraviolet curing glue and 2% of cross-linking agent are selected;
mixing and stirring: and (3) placing the reversible ultraviolet curing adhesive into a stirrer, slowly adding glass sand for stirring, slowly adding a cross-linking agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the curing adhesive plaster 102 with certain plasticity.
The cured cement 102 that the preparation was accomplished has good plasticity, when ceramic plate flattening mechanism 3 was pressed the ceramic plate, cured cement 102 can be compressed down and reduce the volume or flow to other ceramic plate block groove 101 in to make the ceramic plate can down imbed cured cement 102 inside, make the ceramic plate become level and smooth, then cured cement 102 after shining the ultraviolet ray, ultraviolet ray cured glue can make cured cement 102 solidification, can fix the ceramic plate after the curing cement 102 solidification, avoid its shift at printing in-process.
The reversible photo-curing adhesive is a reversible ultraviolet curing adhesive developed by Shanghai high-grade research team of China academy of sciences, the curing adhesive can be cured by ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 365 nm, and meanwhile, the cross-linking bond between molecules of the photo-curing adhesive can be opened at the temperature of more than 60 ℃, so that the curing adhesive becomes plastic, and the curing adhesive can be cured again after ultraviolet rays are irradiated again.
When clamping is carried out in the step 3, the ceramic plate is placed in the ceramic plate clamping groove 101, the ceramic plate clamping groove 101 needs to be filled when placing, no gaps exist, and meanwhile, whether the printing surface of the ceramic plate faces upwards needs to be checked.
The guide groove both sides of tray conveyer 2 are provided with multiunit metal delivery wheel 201, metal delivery wheel 201 adopts a set of servo motor 202 to drive, servo motor 202 passes through the pulley drive and is connected with metal delivery wheel 201, the metal delivery wheel 201 outside is provided with the guide separation blade 203 of slope, when placing printing tray 1, the edge of printing tray 1 can slide to metal delivery wheel 201 along guide separation blade 203, because guide separation blade 203 is the slope setting, when consequently printing tray 1 is placed on metal delivery wheel 201, need not accurate positioning, printing tray 1 can slide down to the metal delivery wheel 201 of bottom along guide separation blade 203 under self gravity effect, at this moment the minimum distance between left and right sides guide separation blade 203 is unanimous with printing tray 1 width, thereby make printing tray 1 be limited between the guide separation blade 203 of left and right sides, thereby realize controlling the location to printing tray 1 fast.
Referring to fig. 3-6, the ceramic plate flattening mechanism 3 includes a fixing base 301, two sets of fixing bases 301 are fixedly mounted on two sides of the pallet conveyor 2 through bolts, a first gear 302 is provided on the fixing base 301, a pressure spring 303 is provided below the first gear 302, an adjusting knob 304 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first gear 302 through a connecting shaft, a sleeve 305 is sleeved outside the connecting shaft, the sleeve 305 is fixedly connected with the fixing base 301, and meanwhile, the connecting shaft is connected with a connecting shaft rotating sleeve, so that the connecting shaft can freely stretch and rotate in the sleeve 305, mutually embedded clamping teeth 306 are machined on the bottom end of the sleeve 305 and the upper surface of the first gear 302, the clamping teeth 306 on the upper surface of the first gear 302 are mutually meshed with each other, so that the sleeve 305 and the first gear 302 cannot rotate relatively, the first gear 302 is meshed with a second gear 307, the second gear 307 is fixedly connected with a third gear 308, the third gear 308 is meshed with two groups of fourth gears 309, the fourth gear 309 is meshed with a fifth gear 310, a threaded rod 311 is fixedly connected to the fifth gear 310, the threaded rod 311 is connected with a bearing seat 312 through threads, the bearing seat 312 is connected with a flattening roller 313 through a bearing, a plurality of groups of micro motors 314 are arranged in the flattening roller 313, the output end of each micro motor 314 is fixedly connected with a telescopic screw rod 315, the telescopic screw rods 315 are in transmission connection with telescopic drums 317 through screw nuts 316, one end of each telescopic drum 317 is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor 318, the pressure sensors 318 are uniformly and densely distributed on the flattening roller 313, the distribution density is determined according to the side area of a ceramic plate, so that the flattening roller 313 is provided with at least four groups of micro motors 314, telescopic screw rods 315, a plurality of telescopic screw rods 315 in the contact range of the flattening roller 313 and each ceramic plate when the ceramic plate is flattened side surfaces are flattened, the screw nut 316, the telescopic tube 317 and the pressure sensor 318 can realize that each ceramic plate is precisely pushed downwards, the pressure sensor 318 protrudes out of the surface of the flattening roller 313, and the pressure sensor 318 is wrapped with wear-resistant elastic materials.
When the printing surface of the ceramic plate is leveled in step 4, the adjusting knob 304 can be pressed, the first gear 302 is pushed downwards through the adjusting knob 304 and the pressure spring 303 is compressed, so that the clamping teeth 306 on the first gear 302 are disengaged from the clamping teeth 306 at the bottom end of the sleeve 305, when the adjusting knob 304 is released, the pressure spring 303 below the first gear 302 pushes the first gear 302 upwards, so that the clamping teeth 306 on the first gear 302 are engaged with the clamping teeth 306 at the bottom end of the sleeve 305, the first gear 302 and the sleeve 305 cannot rotate relatively, and the sleeve 305 is fixed on the fixed seat 301, so that the first gear 302 is clamped, and the phenomenon of high deviation caused by rotation during operation is avoided.
The first gear 302 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the adjusting knob 304, the first gear 302 drives the two threaded rods 311 to rotate together through the meshing transmission of the second gear 307, the third gear 308, the fourth gear 309 and the fifth gear 310, thereby driving the bearing seat 312 to ascend and descend, and further adjusting the height of the leveling roller 313, the adjusting knob 304 at the two ends of the leveling roller 313 keeps synchronous rotation adjustment, the rotation synchronization deviation of the adjusting knob 304 should be less than 720 degrees, because the adjusting knob 304 is provided with scales, the adjusting knob 304 at the two ends of the leveling roller 313 can be adjusted according to the scale indication, the action of the adjusting knob 304 is reflected to the above-mentioned descent of the bearing seat 312 through a series of gears and thread transmission, the transmission ratio of the gears enables the adjusting knob 304 to rotate more circles to enable the bearing seat 312 to descend by a small distance, therefore the adjusting deviation of the adjusting knob 304 does not have great influence on the ascending and descending synchronization degree of the two ends of the leveling roller 313 in a reasonable range, and simultaneously, when the height of the leveling roller 313 is adjusted, a measuring tool is required to measure the leveling roller 313, so as to ensure that the leveling roller 313 is in a level, the leveling roller 318 is in a synchronous rotation, the leveling roller is in a large scale, the leveling roller is capable of being detected, the same size, the leveling roller is detected by the contour of the leveling roller is pressed by the leveling roller, and the contour of the leveling roller is pressed by the ceramic plate, and the contour of the leveling roller is pressed by the contour of the leveling roller, and the leveling roller is pressed by the contour of the contour sensor, and the contour of the leveling roller, and the leveling roller is pressed by the contour of the contour, and the contour of the leveling roller is pressed by the contour, and the contour is pressed by the contour, and the contour is measured The pressure sensor 318 has the characteristics of high sensitivity, quick response and the like, and the detection principle is that the external pressure presses the thin film sensitive element to deform the thin film sensitive element, and the deformation of the thin film sensitive element can lead to the resistance change of the thin film sensitive element, so that the deformation degree of the thin film sensitive element can be indirectly reflected through the resistance change, and the pressure born by the thin film sensitive element is directly proportional to the deformation degree of the thin film sensitive element, thereby realizing indirect pressure measurement).
When the flattening roller 313 flattens ceramic, the flatness deviation of the ceramic surface is different from tens to hundreds of micrometers due to the flatness problem, and the compression distances of elastic materials and film sensitive elements outside the pressure sensor 318 are different due to the non-flatness of the ceramic surface, so that the deformation degrees of the film sensitive elements of the pressure sensor 318 are different, the pressures received by the elastic materials and the film sensitive elements are in direct proportion to the compression distances, so that the pressure values detected by the pressure sensor 318 are different, the ceramic surface corresponding to the lower part of the pressure sensor 318 with larger pressure value is higher than the ceramic surface corresponding to the lower part of the pressure sensor 318 with smaller pressure value, and thus, the micro motor 314 drives the telescopic screw 315 to rotate, thereby driving the telescopic cylinder 317 to outwards stretch, downwards pressing the ceramic surface corresponding to the lower part of the pressure sensor 318 with larger pressure value, after the ceramic surface is compressed to a certain distance, the micro motor 314 drives the telescopic cylinder 317 to return to the original position, because the ceramic surface is pushed downwards to a certain distance, the compression distance of the ceramic to the elastic material and the film sensitive element is reduced, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 318 is reduced, so that the reduction of the ceramic surface by a certain distance can be calculated through the detection value of the pressure sensor 318 in the initial state, the detection values of all the pressure sensors 318 which are combined with the ceramic are consistent at the moment, the compression distances of the elastic material outside the pressure sensor 318 and the film sensitive element are consistent, the compression distance of the pressure sensor 318 is consistent with the compression distance of the film sensitive element under the driving of the telescopic screw 315, the heights of the ceramic surfaces are consistent at the moment, the height adjustment of each ceramic is realized, the flatness error can be smaller than 0.05mm through micro-level fine adjustment, and further, the patterns on all ceramic plates have higher consistency.
The algorithm for calculating the telescopic distance of the telescopic tube 317 according to the difference between the detection values of the pressure sensor 318 is as follows:
let the pressure applied to ceramics A and B be P A And P B Their difference is Δp=p A -P B (positive for A and negative for B), A moving downward a distance d A B moves downward by a distance d B The mass of the object is m, and we need to calculate d A And d B Relationship between them.
Since telescoping barrels 317 above ceramic a and ceramic B need to move downward a certain distance and push the object downward a certain distance, we need to consider the effect of the mass and acceleration of the object on the pressure sensor readings. According to newton's second law, the force to which an object is subjected is proportional to the acceleration, i.e. f=m×a, where m is the mass of the object and a is the acceleration of the object. When the object accelerates upwards, it will have an effect on the pressure to which a and B are subjected, so we need to consider the effect of the acceleration of the object on the pressure sensor readings.
Let the acceleration of the object accelerating upward be a, then there are:
P A =
P B =
wherein g is gravitational acceleration.
According to the working principle of the pressure sensor, the output voltage is proportional to the stress, namely the output voltage=k×p, wherein K is the sensitivity of the sensor. Therefore, we can calculate the voltage difference Δv corresponding to the difference between the pressures applied to a and B from the difference Δp of the pressure readings in the initial state and the sensitivity K of the sensor:
ΔV=K×ΔP
next, we need to calculate the distance d that A and B need to move downward from DeltaV A And d B . Since the screw nuts of A and B need to be moved down a certain distance and push the object up a certain distance, respectively, we need to assume that their screw pitches are different, i.e. one pitch is p A Another pitch is p B . Let the screw pitches of A and B be p A And p B The displacements corresponding to each of their helical periods are respectively:
x A =
x B =
when the screw nuts of A and B move downwards d A And d B When they rotate, the angles of rotation are respectively:
θ A =2π×
θ B =2π×
thus, the difference between the angles of rotation of A and B is:
Δθ=θ A -θ B =2π×(-)
according to the proportional relation between the output voltage of the pressure sensor and the stress, we can link DeltaV and DeltaP, namely:
ΔV=K×ΔP=K×(P A -P B )=K×(-)=K×m×a
substituting DeltaV into the above equation and solving for d A And d B The relation between them is obtained:
d A /d B =
therefore, we can read the difference DeltaP, the sensitivity K of the sensor, the screw pitch P according to the initial pressure value A And p B The value of (a) and the mass m and acceleration a of the object, the distance d that A and B need to move downwards is calculated A And d B 。
Referring to fig. 7, a precise conveyor belt 501 is provided on a screen printer 5 for conveying a printing tray 1 to a predetermined printing position, a positioning cylinder 502 is provided at the edge of the printing position of the printing tray 1, a positioning baffle 503 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conveying positioning cylinder 502, four groups of supporting cylinders 504 are also provided at the left side of the positioning cylinder 502, the four groups of supporting cylinders 504 are distributed in a rectangular shape and are respectively positioned at four corners of the printing tray 1, when the positioning cylinder 502 is started, the positioning baffle 503 is lifted to block the printing tray 1, then the four groups of supporting cylinders 504 are started to lift the printing tray 1, so that the screen printer 5 can put down the screen template to press the printing tray 1 to print patterns, after the printing is completed, the positioning cylinder 502 and the supporting cylinders 504 retract, and the printing tray 1 continues to be conveyed to a drying furnace 6.
Referring to fig. 1, a drying furnace 6 adopts an infrared drying method to dry the conductor paste, and simultaneously dissociates and restores the cured cement 102, and an exhaust pump 601 is arranged above the drying furnace 6, and the exhaust pump 601 is connected with a pipeline of an exhaust gas treatment system for collecting volatile organic compounds during drying of the conductor paste, so as to avoid damage to human bodies.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A high-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, pattern design: according to the needs of customers, designing and typesetting are carried out, and the patterns and characters to be printed on the ceramic plate are determined;
step 2, plate making: transferring the designed pattern onto a printing plate, and adopting manual plate making or digital plate making;
and 3, clamping: filling the printing tray (1) with cured cement (102), and uniformly distributing the ceramic plate printing surface upwards on the printing tray (1);
step 4, leveling: placing a printing tray (1) with ceramic plate raw porcelain on a tray conveyor (2), enabling the printing tray (1) to pass under a ceramic plate flattening mechanism (3), and enabling printing surfaces of the ceramic plates to be in the same plane by the ceramic plate flattening mechanism (3) in a rolling and flattening mode;
step 5, curing: when the printing tray (1) on which the ceramic plate raw porcelain is distributed moves to the screen printer (5), the printing tray stays above the ultraviolet lamp (4) for 10-12 s, and the curing cement (102) is cured to fix the ceramic plate raw porcelain;
step 6, printing: the flattened ceramic plate moves to a screen printer (5) along with a printing tray (1) through a conveyor belt, and the screen printer (5) prints patterns and characters on the side surface of the ceramic plate;
step 7, drying: after printing, the ceramic plate is moved into a drying furnace (6) through a conveyor belt, the drying furnace (6) is heated to enable printing ink to be completely dried, meanwhile, the solidified clay (102) is dissociated and restored, and then the green ceramic of the printed ceramic plate is taken down;
the equipment used in the steps 2 to 6 comprises a tray conveyor (2), a screen printer (5) and a drying furnace (6), wherein a printing tray (1) is supported on the tray conveyor (2), a ceramic plate flattening mechanism (3) is arranged above the tray conveyor (2), the screen printer (5) is arranged on the right side of the tray conveyor (2), an ultraviolet lamp (4) is arranged at the screen printer (5), and the drying furnace (6) is arranged on the right side of the screen printer (5).
2. The high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process according to claim 1, wherein: the printing tray (1) that needs to use in step 3 is provided with a plurality of ceramic plate block grooves (101), one deck solidification daub (102) has been laid to ceramic plate block groove (101) bottom, solidification daub (102) are mixed by reversible photocuring adhesive and transparent glass sand and form, printing tray (1) bottom plate is transparent toughened glass material.
3. The high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation process of the cured cement (102) is as follows:
preparing a base material: selecting high-permeability glass sand with the diameter of 0.1-1 mm, and then placing the glass sand into a polishing machine for cleaning and polishing;
the raw materials are as follows: 88% of glass sand, 10% of reversible ultraviolet curing glue and 2% of cross-linking agent are selected;
mixing and stirring: and (3) placing the reversible ultraviolet curing adhesive into a stirrer, slowly adding glass sand for stirring, slowly adding a cross-linking agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the curing adhesive plaster (102) with certain plasticity.
4. The high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process according to claim 2, wherein: the curing cement (102) is formed by mixing reversible photo-curing glue and transparent glass sand, and the bottom plate of the printing tray (1) is made of transparent toughened glass.
5. A high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process as set forth in claim 3, wherein: and 3, placing the ceramic plate in the ceramic plate clamping groove (101) during clamping in the step 3, and filling the ceramic plate clamping groove (101) when placing, so that no gaps are left, and checking whether the printing surface of the ceramic plate faces upwards or not is needed.
6. The high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process according to claim 1, wherein: the tray conveyor (2) is characterized in that a plurality of groups of metal conveying wheels (201) are arranged on two sides of a guide groove of the tray conveyor (2), the metal conveying wheels (201) are driven by a group of servo motors (202), the servo motors (202) are connected with the metal conveying wheels (201) through belt wheel transmission, and inclined guide baffle plates (203) are arranged on the outer sides of the metal conveying wheels (201).
7. The high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process according to claim 1, wherein: the ceramic plate flattening mechanism (3) comprises a fixed seat (301), two groups of fixed seats (301) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the tray conveyor (2) through bolts, a first gear (302) is arranged on the fixed seat (301), a pressure spring (303) is arranged below the first gear (302), an adjusting knob (304) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first gear (302) through a connecting shaft, a sleeve (305) is sleeved outside the connecting shaft, mutually embedded clamping teeth (306) are machined on the upper surface of the bottom end of the sleeve (305) and the upper surface of the first gear (302), a second gear (307) is meshed with the first gear (302), a third gear (308) is fixedly connected to the second gear (307), two groups of fourth gears (309) are meshed with a fifth gear (310), a threaded rod (311) is fixedly connected to the fifth gear (310) through a bearing seat (312), a miniature motor (314) is connected to the bearing seat (312) through a miniature motor (314), a miniature roller (313) is fixedly connected to the miniature motor (314), miniature roller (313) is connected to the miniature motor (314), the telescopic screw rod (315) is connected with a telescopic cylinder (317) through a screw rod nut (316) in a transmission mode, one end of the telescopic cylinder (317) is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor (318), the pressure sensor (318) protrudes out of the surface of the flattening roller (313), and elastic materials are wrapped outside the pressure sensor (318).
8. The high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with accurate conveyer belt (501) on screen printer (5), be provided with location cylinder (502) in printing tray (1) printing position edge, the upper end fixedly connected with positioning baffle (503) of carrying location cylinder (502), still be provided with four sets of support cylinders (504) in location cylinder (502) left side, four sets of support cylinders (504) are the rectangle and distribute, are located printing tray (1) four corners department respectively.
9. The high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process according to claim 1, wherein: the drying furnace (6) adopts an infrared drying method to dry the conductor slurry, and an exhaust pump (601) is arranged above the drying furnace (6), and the exhaust pump (601) is connected with a pipeline of the waste gas treatment system.
10. The high temperature co-fired ceramic green porcelain side printing process according to claim 1, wherein: the drying temperature of the drying furnace in the step 6 is set between 60 ℃ and 100 ℃, and the conveying speed of a conveyor belt in the drying furnace (6) is between 0.05m/s and 0.2 m/s.
CN202310918715.4A 2023-07-25 2023-07-25 High-temperature co-fired ceramic raw porcelain side printing process Active CN116653460B (en)

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CN103247650A (en) * 2013-05-09 2013-08-14 格科微电子（上海）有限公司 Onboard chip module and manufacturing method thereof
CN103481642A (en) * 2013-10-14 2014-01-01 湖南省新化县鑫星电子陶瓷有限责任公司 Precise automatic press for electronic ceramics
CN106696444A (en) * 2017-01-06 2017-05-24 厦门大学 Continuous screen printing machine for ceramic substrate and printing method thereof
CN111114104A (en) * 2019-08-28 2020-05-08 石家庄胜辉机械科技有限公司 Screen printing conveying device, sheet-fed screen printing machine and synchronous conveying method
CN111267472A (en) * 2020-03-21 2020-06-12 长兴创智科技有限公司 Full-automatic printing equipment for garment materials
CN114005782A (en) * 2016-08-05 2022-02-01 应用材料公司 Precision screen printing with sub-micron uniformity of metallization material on green sheet ceramic
CN217495373U (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-09-27 青岛佳之彩包装制品有限公司 Bubble flattening and positioning device of paper box edge folding and bubble pressing machine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103247650A (en) * 2013-05-09 2013-08-14 格科微电子（上海）有限公司 Onboard chip module and manufacturing method thereof
CN103481642A (en) * 2013-10-14 2014-01-01 湖南省新化县鑫星电子陶瓷有限责任公司 Precise automatic press for electronic ceramics
CN114005782A (en) * 2016-08-05 2022-02-01 应用材料公司 Precision screen printing with sub-micron uniformity of metallization material on green sheet ceramic
CN106696444A (en) * 2017-01-06 2017-05-24 厦门大学 Continuous screen printing machine for ceramic substrate and printing method thereof
CN111114104A (en) * 2019-08-28 2020-05-08 石家庄胜辉机械科技有限公司 Screen printing conveying device, sheet-fed screen printing machine and synchronous conveying method
CN111267472A (en) * 2020-03-21 2020-06-12 长兴创智科技有限公司 Full-automatic printing equipment for garment materials
CN217495373U (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-09-27 青岛佳之彩包装制品有限公司 Bubble flattening and positioning device of paper box edge folding and bubble pressing machine

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