CN116647112B - Converter based on active direct current buffer chain and control method thereof - Google Patents
Converter based on active direct current buffer chain and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116647112B CN116647112B CN202310930609.8A CN202310930609A CN116647112B CN 116647112 B CN116647112 B CN 116647112B CN 202310930609 A CN202310930609 A CN 202310930609A CN 116647112 B CN116647112 B CN 116647112B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
- H02M1/344—Active dissipative snubbers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
- H02M7/068—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode mounted on a transformer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention relates to a converter based on an active direct current buffer chain and a control method thereof, wherein the converter based on the active direct current buffer chain comprises a rectifying module, a power supply and a control circuit, wherein the rectifying module is connected with an input end and a radio frequency power supply; the active direct current buffer chain comprises a first capacitor and an active direct current buffer module, wherein the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the output end of the rectifying module, the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the active direct current buffer module, and the second end of the active direct current buffer module is grounded; and the input end of the voltage reducing module is connected with the active direct current buffer chain. The active direct current buffer module has small volume, high efficiency and strong ripple suppression capability of the active direct current buffer chain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of converters, and particularly relates to a converter based on an active direct current buffer chain and a control method thereof.
Background
In a radio frequency power generator, a rectifier is required to convert an input alternating current into a direct current (AC-DC), and simultaneously, to perform a step-down output (DC-DC) according to the requirements of different modules. However, an energy buffer is usually required between the connecting rectifier and the inverter to compensate for the energy difference in one cycle, so that the dc power supply can be decoupled from the ac power supply ripple.
A common solution is a passive dc buffer chain, with the most widely used solution being a dc bus capacitor bank. However, due to the tight limitation of the voltage ripple, the capacitance is made of a sufficiently large value to provide the required buffering capacity. While large capacitances are typically electrolytic capacitors, they suffer from high power losses, low reliability and limited current ripple control capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an active direct current buffer chain-based converter and a control method thereof, aiming at the problems of high power loss and poor ripple suppression capability caused by providing a buffer capability through a large capacitance capacitor in a direct current bus capacitor bank.
In a first aspect, an active dc buffer chain-based converter is provided, comprising:
the input end of the rectifying module is connected with the radio frequency power supply;
the active direct current buffer chain comprises a first capacitor and an active direct current buffer module, wherein the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the output end of the rectifying module, the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the active direct current buffer module, and the second end of the active direct current buffer module is grounded;
and the input end of the voltage reducing module is connected with the active direct current buffer chain.
Optionally, the active direct current buffer module comprises a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube and a second inductor;
the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the third switching tube and the first end of the third capacitor, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the second switching tube and the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the third switching tube is connected with the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the fourth switching tube, the second end of the fourth switching tube is connected with the second end of the second switching tube and the second end of the third capacitor, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected with the first end of the second inductor;
the first end of the second capacitor is the second end of the active direct current buffer module, and the second end of the second capacitor is the first end of the active direct current buffer module.
Optionally, the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube and the fourth switching tube are controllable switching tubes.
Optionally, the rectifying module comprises a transformer and a rectifying bridge;
the input end of the transformer is connected with a radio frequency power supply, the output end of the transformer is connected with a rectifier bridge, and the output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the first end of the first capacitor.
Optionally, the rectifier bridge includes a first diode, a second diode, a third diode and a fourth diode, where the cathode of the first diode is connected with the anode of the second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the anode of the third diode, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the anode of the fourth diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode; the anode of the third diode is grounded;
the transformer comprises a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the first end of the primary winding is connected with the first end of the radio frequency power supply, and the second end of the primary winding is connected with the second end of the radio frequency power supply; the first end of the secondary winding is connected with the cathode of the first diode, the second end of the secondary winding is connected with the cathode of the third diode, and the anode of the first diode is grounded.
Optionally, the step-down module includes a fifth switching tube, a first inductor, a fourth capacitor and a fifth diode;
the first end of the fifth switch tube is an input end of the voltage reduction module, the second end of the fifth switch tube is connected with the cathode of the fifth diode and the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor, and the second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded with the anode of the fifth diode.
Optionally, the fifth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the fifth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the fifth switching tube is a gate electrode of the field effect tube.
Optionally, the device further comprises a first control module, wherein the first control module is used for respectively generating control signals of the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube and the fourth switching tube according to the voltage of the third capacitor, the voltage of the second capacitor and the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module.
Optionally, the system further comprises a second control module, wherein the second control module comprises a first error comparator, a second error comparator, a third error comparator, a fourth error comparator, a first compensation circuit, a second compensation circuit, a PWM generator and a carrier generator;
the first input end of the first error comparator receives the reference voltage of the third capacitor, the second input end of the first error comparator receives the voltage of the third capacitor, and the output end of the first error comparator is connected with the input end of the first compensation circuit;
the first input end of the second error comparator receives a zero voltage signal, the second input end of the second error comparator receives the voltage of the second capacitor, and the output end of the second error comparator is connected with the input end of the second compensation circuit;
the first input end of the third error comparator is connected with the output end of the first compensation circuit, the second input end of the third error comparator is connected with the output end of the second compensation circuit, and the output end of the third error comparator is connected with the first input end of the fourth error comparator;
the second input end of the fourth error comparator receives the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module, and the output end of the fourth error comparator is connected with the first input end of the PWM generator;
the input end of the carrier generator receives the voltage of the third capacitor, and the output end of the carrier generator is connected with the second input end of the PWM generator;
the PWM generator is used for outputting PWM control signals and controlling the fifth switching tube.
Optionally, a band-pass filter is disposed at an input end of the buck module, and the band-pass filter is configured to obtain an ac component of an input current of the buck module.
Optionally, the first compensation circuit is a first PI adjustment circuit, and the second compensation circuit is a second PI adjustment circuit.
In a second aspect, there is provided a control method of the active dc-buffer chain based converter according to the first aspect, including controlling an active dc-buffer module, the controlling the active dc-buffer module including the steps of:
comparing the voltage of the second capacitor with zero voltage to obtain a first comparison signal; performing voltage compensation on the second capacitor according to the first comparison signal to enable the voltage average value of the second capacitor to be 0;
comparing the current of the second inductor with the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module to obtain a second comparison signal, and enabling the current of the second inductor to be equal to the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module according to the second comparison signal;
and comparing the voltage of the third capacitor with the reference voltage of the third capacitor to obtain a third comparison signal, and performing voltage compensation on the third capacitor according to the third comparison signal so that the voltage average value of the third capacitor is equal to the reference voltage of the third capacitor.
In a third aspect, there is provided a control method of the active dc-buffer chain based converter according to the first aspect, including controlling a fifth switching tube, the controlling of the fifth switching tube including the steps of:
obtaining a first error signal according to the voltage of the third capacitor and the reference voltage of the third capacitor;
obtaining a second error signal according to the voltage of the second capacitor and the zero voltage;
respectively carrying out signal compensation on the first error signal and the second error signal, and obtaining a third error signal according to the compensated first error signal and the compensated second error signal;
obtaining a fourth error signal according to the third error signal and the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module;
controlling the amplitude of the carrier wave according to the voltage amplitude of the third capacitor;
and outputting a PWM control signal according to the amplitude of the carrier wave and the third error signal, and controlling a fifth switching tube through the PWM control signal.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the converter based on the active direct current buffer chain, the active direct current buffer chain is provided with the first capacitor and the direct current buffer module, and most direct current bus voltage is isolated by the first capacitor, so that voltage stress of the active direct current buffer module can be effectively crossed, namely the first capacitor provides most power pulsation decoupling through wide voltage swing, and the active direct current buffer module only needs to process a small part of total power, so that the active direct current buffer module is small in size, high in efficiency and strong in ripple suppression capability of the active direct current buffer chain. In the active direct current buffer chain, the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor are allowed to have very large voltage ripple, and a large enough capacitance is not needed to provide the required buffer capacity, so that the problems of high power loss, low reliability and the like caused by the large capacitor can be avoided.
Drawings
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology of an active dc-buffer chain based converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second control module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a control flow diagram of an active dc buffer module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a control flow diagram of a fifth switching tube according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
t, a transformer; d1, a first diode; d2, a second diode; d3, a third diode; d4, a fourth diode; d5, a fifth diode; c1, a first capacitor; c2, a second capacitor; c3, a third capacitor; l1, a first inductor; l2, a second inductor; s1, a first switching tube; s2, a second switching tube; s3, a third switching tube; s4, a fourth switching tube; s5, a fifth switching tube; a1, a first error comparator; a2, a second error comparator; a3, a third error comparator; and A4, a fourth error comparator.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In addition, the terms "first" and "second" etc. are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a converter based on an active direct current buffer chain, which comprises a rectifying module, an active direct current buffer chain and a voltage reduction module as shown in fig. 1.
The input end of the rectifying module is connected with a power supply, and the output end of the rectifying module is connected with an active direct current buffer chain. Specifically, the rectification module comprises a transformer T and a rectification bridge, the transformer T comprises a primary winding and a secondary winding, the two ends of the primary winding are the input ends of the transformer T and the input ends of the rectification module, the two ends of the primary winding are connected with the two ends of the radio frequency power supply, the two ends of the secondary winding are the output ends of the transformer T, and the output ends of the transformer T are connected with the rectification module. The rectifier bridge comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4, wherein the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of the third diode D3, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the anode of the fourth diode D4, and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2; the anode of the third diode D3 is grounded; the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first end of the secondary winding, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the second end of the secondary winding. The cathode of the second diode D2 is the output end of the rectifier bridge, and is also the output end of the rectifier module.
The active direct current buffer chain comprises a first capacitor C1 and an active direct current buffer module, wherein the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the rectifying module, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of the active direct current buffer module, and the second end of the active direct current buffer module is grounded. The first capacitor C1 is a main energy storage capacitor, and is charged and discharged in series with the active dc buffer module to buffer energy.
The active direct current buffer module comprises a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a first switching tube S1, a second switching tube S2, a third switching tube S3, a fourth switching tube S4 and a second inductor L2; the first switching tube S1, the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 are preferably controllable switching tubes, such as field effect transistors and triodes. Specifically, a first end of the first switching tube S1 is connected to a first end of the third switching tube S3 and a first end of the third capacitor C3, a second end of the first switching tube S1 is connected to a first end of the second switching tube S2 and a second end of the second inductor L2, a second end of the third switching tube S3 is connected to a first end of the second capacitor C2 and a first end of the fourth switching tube S4, a second end of the fourth switching tube S4 is connected to a second end of the second switching tube S2 and a second end of the third capacitor C3, and a second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to a first end of the second inductor L2; the first end of the second capacitor C2 is the second end of the active direct current buffer module, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is the first end of the active direct current buffer module.
In this embodiment, the type of the first switching tube S1, the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to the specific structure of the active dc buffer module, and the ports of the first switching tube S1, the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 are configured according to the type of the switching tube and the structure of the active dc buffer module.
The step-down module comprises a fifth switch tube S5, a first inductor L1, a fourth capacitor and a fifth diode D5; the first end of the fifth switch tube S5 is an input end of the voltage reduction module, the second end of the fifth switch tube S5 is connected with the cathode of the fifth diode D5 and the first end of the first inductor L1, the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor, and the second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded with the anode of the fifth diode D5. In this embodiment, the fifth switching tube S5 is a field effect tube, the first end of the fifth switching tube S5 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube S5 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the fifth switching tube S5 is a gate electrode of the field effect tube.
As a further improvement of the embodiment, the converter based on the active dc buffer chain further includes a first control module and a second control module, where the first control module is used to control the active dc buffer module, and the second control module is used to control the fifth switching tube S5.
Specifically, the first control module is configured to generate control signals of the first switching tube S1, the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3, and the fourth switching tube S4 according to the voltage of the third capacitor C3, the voltage of the second capacitor C2, and the ac component of the input current of the step-down module. The first control module comprises a second capacitor C2 voltage control unit, a third capacitor C3 capacitor control unit, a second inductor L2 current control unit and a driving chip.
The second capacitor C2 voltage control unit is used for comparing the voltage of the second capacitor C2 with zero voltage to obtain a first comparison signal and outputting a first compensation modulation signal according to the first comparison signal; comparing the current of the second inductor L2 with the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module to obtain a second comparison signal, and outputting a second compensation modulation signal according to the second comparison signal; the third capacitor C3 capacitor control unit is used for comparing the voltage of the third capacitor C3 with the reference voltage of the third capacitor C3 to obtain a third comparison signal, and outputting a third compensation modulation signal according to the third comparison signal; the driving chip outputs control signals of the first switching tube S1, the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 according to the first compensation modulation signal, the second compensation modulation signal and the third compensation modulation signal respectively, so that the voltage average value of the second capacitor C2 is 0, the current of the second inductor L2 is equal to the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module, and the voltage average value of the third capacitor C3 is equal to the reference voltage of the third capacitor C3.
In this embodiment, the voltage of the second capacitor C2 is obtained by providing voltage sensors at both ends of the second capacitor C2, the voltage of the third capacitor C3 is obtained by providing voltage sensors at both ends of the third capacitor C3, and the voltage of the second capacitor C2 and the voltage of the third capacitor C3 have a voltage delay due to the voltage obtained by the voltage sensors.
The voltage compensation is performed on the second capacitor C2 according to the first comparison signal, so that the average value of the voltage of the second capacitor C2 is 0, so as to ensure that the buffer current is pure ac. The first capacitor C1 is a main energy storage capacitor, and is charged and discharged in series with the active dc buffer module to buffer energy, and in an ideal case, the input current of the active dc buffer module, that is, the current of the second inductor L2, should be an ac waveform, so that the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is balanced in each period, and the output voltage is small and stable. Therefore, in steady state operation, the average voltage of the first capacitor C1 should be equal to the bus voltage, so the average voltage of the second capacitor C2 needs to be controlled to be 0, and the error between the voltage of the second capacitor C2 and the zero voltage is compensated by the voltage to correct the dc offset, so that the input current of the active dc buffer module is pure ac.
The ac component of the input current of the step-down module is the difference between the output current of the rectifying module and the input current of the step-down module, i.e. the ac component of the input current of the step-down module is shown in fig. 1The voltage reducing circuit is obtained through a band-pass filter, and the band-pass filter is arranged at the input end of the voltage reducing module.
Performing voltage compensation on the third capacitor C3 according to the third comparison signal, so that the average value of the voltage of the third capacitor C3 is equal to the reference voltage of the third capacitor C3; the voltage of the third capacitor C3 should be kept balanced every cycle, so that the average value of the voltage of the third capacitor C3 needs to be controlled to be unchanged, however, in practical application, the active dc buffer chain charges and discharges in one cycle to cause a certain power loss of the third capacitor C3, and if the voltage compensation is not performed on the third capacitor C3, the voltage of the third capacitor C3 will be gradually reduced until the voltage of the third capacitor C3 is lower than the voltage of the second capacitor C2, which will affect the normal operation of the active dc buffer module.
As shown in fig. 2, the second control module includes a first error comparator A1, a second error comparator A2, a third error comparator A3, a fourth error comparator A4, a first compensation circuit, a second compensation circuit, a PWM generator, and a carrier generator. The first input terminal of the first error comparator A1 receives the reference voltage of the third capacitor C3 (FIG. 2) The second input terminal of the first error comparator A1 receives the voltage of the third capacitor C3 (+.>) The output end of the first error comparator A1 is connected with the input end of the first compensation circuit; the first compensation circuit is a first PI regulating circuit. The first input terminal of the second error comparator A2 receives the zero voltage signal, and the second input terminal of the second error comparator A2 receives the voltage of the second capacitor C2 (see +.>) The output end of the second error comparator A2 is connected with the input end of the second compensation circuit; the second compensation circuit is a second PI regulating circuit. The first input end of the third error comparator A3 is connected with the output end of the first compensation circuit, the second input end of the third error comparator A3 is connected with the output end of the second compensation circuit, and the output end of the third error comparator A3 is connected with the first input end of the fourth error comparator A4. The second input of the fourth error comparator A4 receives the ac component of the input current of the buck module (+.>) First, theThe output end of the fourth error comparator A4 is connected with the first input end of the PWM generator; the input end of the carrier generator receives the voltage of the third capacitor C3, and the output end of the carrier generator is connected with the second input end of the PWM generator; the PWM generator is configured to output a PWM control signal and control the fifth switching tube S5.
According to the converter based on the active direct current buffer chain, the active direct current buffer chain is provided with the first capacitor C1 and the direct current buffer module, and most of direct current bus voltage is isolated by the first capacitor C1, so that voltage stress of the active direct current buffer module can be effectively crossed, namely the first capacitor C1 provides most of power pulsation decoupling through wide voltage swing, and the active direct current buffer module only needs to process a small part of total power, so that the active direct current buffer module is small in size and high in efficiency, and the active direct current buffer chain is strong in ripple suppression capability. In the active dc buffer chain, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are allowed to have very large voltage ripple, and a large enough capacitance is not needed to provide the required buffering capacity, so that the problems of high power loss, low reliability and the like caused by large capacitors can be avoided.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a control method of an active direct current buffer chain-based converter, which comprises the steps of controlling an active direct current buffer module and controlling a fifth switching tube S5.
As shown in fig. 3, the active dc buffer module is controlled by:
s11, comparing the voltage of the second capacitor C2 with zero voltage to obtain a first comparison signal; performing voltage compensation on the second capacitor C2 according to the first comparison signal to enable the average value of the voltage of the second capacitor C2 to be 0;
s12, comparing the voltage of the third capacitor C3 with the reference voltage of the third capacitor C3 to obtain a third comparison signal, and performing voltage compensation on the third capacitor C3 according to the third comparison signal so that the average value of the voltage of the third capacitor C3 is equal to the reference voltage of the third capacitor C3;
and S13, controlling the current of the second inductor L2 to make the current of the second inductor L2 equal to the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module.
As shown in fig. 4, controlling the fifth switching tube S5 includes the steps of:
s21, obtaining a first error signal according to the voltage of the third capacitor C3 and the reference voltage of the third capacitor C3;
s22, obtaining a second error signal according to the voltage of the second capacitor C2 and zero voltage;
s23, respectively carrying out signal compensation on the first error signal and the second error signal, and obtaining a third error signal according to the compensated first error signal and the compensated second error signal;
s24, obtaining a fourth error signal according to the third error signal and the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module;
s25, controlling the amplitude of the carrier according to the voltage amplitude of the third capacitor C3;
s26, outputting a PWM control signal according to the amplitude of the carrier wave and the third error signal, and controlling the on or off of the fifth switching tube S5 through the PWM control signal.
It is noted that the flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be other manners of division in actual implementation, and for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some communication interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the embodiments, and are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and description.
Claims (12)
1. An active dc buffer chain based converter comprising:
the input end of the rectifying module is connected with the radio frequency power supply;
the active direct current buffer chain comprises a first capacitor (C1) and an active direct current buffer module, wherein the first end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected with the output end of the rectifying module, the second end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected with the first end of the active direct current buffer module, and the second end of the active direct current buffer module is grounded;
the input end of the voltage reducing module is connected with the active direct current buffer chain;
the active direct current buffer module comprises a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a first switching tube (S1), a second switching tube (S2), a third switching tube (S3), a fourth switching tube (S4) and a second inductor (L2);
the first end of the first switch tube (S1) is connected with the first end of the third switch tube (S3) and the first end of the third capacitor (C3), the second end of the first switch tube (S1) is connected with the first end of the second switch tube (S2) and the second end of the second inductor (L2), the second end of the third switch tube (S3) is connected with the first end of the second capacitor (C2) and the first end of the fourth switch tube (S4), the second end of the fourth switch tube (S4) is connected with the second end of the second switch tube (S2) and the second end of the third capacitor (C3), and the second end of the second capacitor (C2) is connected with the first end of the second inductor (L2);
the first end of the second capacitor (C2) is the second end of the active direct current buffer module, and the second end of the second capacitor (C2) is the first end of the active direct current buffer module.
2. An active dc buffer chain based converter according to claim 1, wherein the first switching tube (S1), the second switching tube (S2), the third switching tube (S3) and the fourth switching tube (S4) are controllable switching tubes.
3. An active dc buffer chain based converter according to claim 1, wherein the rectifying module comprises a transformer (T) and a rectifier bridge;
the input end of the transformer (T) is connected with a radio frequency power supply, the output end of the transformer (T) is connected with the input end of the rectifier bridge, and the output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the first end of the first capacitor (C1).
4. An active dc buffer chain based converter as claimed in claim 3, wherein,
the rectifier bridge comprises a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a third diode (D3) and a fourth diode (D4), wherein the cathode of the first diode (D1) is connected with the anode of the second diode (D2), the anode of the first diode (D1) is connected with the anode of the third diode (D3), the cathode of the third diode (D3) is connected with the anode of the fourth diode (D4), and the cathode of the fourth diode (D4) is connected with the cathode of the second diode (D2); the anode of the third diode (D3) is grounded;
the transformer (T) comprises a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the first end of the primary winding is connected with the first end of the radio frequency power supply, and the second end of the primary winding is connected with the second end of the radio frequency power supply; the first end of the secondary winding is connected with the cathode of the first diode (D1), the second end of the secondary winding is connected with the cathode of the third diode (D3), and the anode of the first diode (D1) is grounded.
5. An active dc buffer chain based converter according to claim 1, wherein the buck module comprises a fifth switching tube (S5), a first inductance (L1), a fourth capacitance and a fifth diode (D5);
the first end of the fifth switch tube (S5) is an input end of the voltage reduction module, the second end of the fifth switch tube (S5) is connected with the cathode of the fifth diode (D5) and the first end of the first inductor (L1), the second end of the first inductor (L1) is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor, and the second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded with the anode of the fifth diode (D5).
6. The converter based on the active direct current buffer chain according to claim 5, wherein the fifth switching tube (S5) is a field effect tube, a first end of the fifth switching tube (S5) is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, a second end of the fifth switching tube (S5) is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and a third end of the fifth switching tube (S5) is a gate electrode of the field effect tube.
7. The converter according to claim 5, further comprising a first control module configured to generate control signals for the first switching tube (S1), the second switching tube (S2), the third switching tube (S3) and the fourth switching tube (S4) according to the voltage of the third capacitor (C3), the voltage of the second capacitor (C2) and the ac component of the input current of the step-down module, respectively.
8. The active dc buffer chain based converter of claim 5, further comprising a second control module comprising a first error comparator (A1), a second error comparator (A2), a third error comparator (A3), a fourth error comparator (A4), a first compensation circuit, a second compensation circuit, a PWM generator, and a carrier generator;
the first input end of the first error comparator (A1) receives the reference voltage of the third capacitor (C3), the second input end of the first error comparator (A1) receives the voltage of the third capacitor (C3), and the output end of the first error comparator (A1) is connected with the input end of the first compensation circuit;
the first input end of the second error comparator (A2) receives a zero voltage signal, the second input end of the second error comparator (A2) receives the voltage of the second capacitor (C2), and the output end of the second error comparator (A2) is connected with the input end of the second compensation circuit;
the first input end of the third error comparator (A3) is connected with the output end of the first compensation circuit, the second input end of the third error comparator (A3) is connected with the output end of the second compensation circuit, and the output end of the third error comparator (A3) is connected with the first input end of the fourth error comparator (A4);
the second input end of the fourth error comparator (A4) receives the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module, and the output end of the fourth error comparator (A4) is connected with the first input end of the PWM generator;
the input end of the carrier generator receives the voltage of the third capacitor (C3), and the output end of the carrier generator is connected with the second input end of the PWM generator;
the PWM generator is used for outputting PWM control signals and controlling a fifth switching tube (S5).
9. The converter of claim 8, wherein a bandpass filter is disposed at an input of the buck module, the bandpass filter being configured to obtain an ac component of an input current of the buck module.
10. The active dc buffer chain based converter of claim 8, wherein the first compensation circuit is a first PI regulation circuit and the second compensation circuit is a second PI regulation circuit.
11. A method of controlling an active dc buffer chain based converter according to any of claims 1-10, comprising controlling an active dc buffer module, the controlling the active dc buffer module comprising the steps of:
comparing the voltage of the second capacitor (C2) with zero voltage to obtain a first comparison signal; performing voltage compensation on the second capacitor (C2) according to the first comparison signal, so that the average voltage value of the second capacitor (C2) is 0;
comparing the current of the second inductor (L2) with the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module to obtain a second comparison signal, and enabling the current of the second inductor (L2) to be equal to the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module according to the second comparison signal;
comparing the voltage of the third capacitor (C3) with the reference voltage of the third capacitor (C3) to obtain a third comparison signal, and performing voltage compensation on the third capacitor (C3) according to the third comparison signal so that the voltage average value of the third capacitor (C3) is equal to the reference voltage of the third capacitor (C3).
12. A method of controlling an active dc buffer chain based converter according to any of claims 5-10, comprising controlling a fifth switching tube (S5), the controlling of the fifth switching tube (S5) comprising the steps of:
obtaining a first error signal according to the voltage of the third capacitor (C3) and the reference voltage of the third capacitor (C3);
obtaining a second error signal according to the voltage of the second capacitor (C2) and the zero voltage;
respectively carrying out signal compensation on the first error signal and the second error signal, and obtaining a third error signal according to the compensated first error signal and the compensated second error signal;
obtaining a fourth error signal according to the third error signal and the alternating current component of the input current of the voltage reduction module;
controlling the amplitude of the carrier wave according to the voltage amplitude of the third capacitor (C3);
and outputting a PWM control signal according to the amplitude of the carrier wave and the third error signal, and controlling a fifth switching tube through the PWM control signal (S5).
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