CN116644116A - Method for extracting site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factors - Google Patents
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000007620 mathematical function Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013210 evaluation model Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for extracting a site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor, which comprises the following steps: standardizing the rock-soil body naming codes, and obtaining standardized rock-soil body naming codes; acquiring conventional information and geological information of karst geological drilling, and acquiring standardized karst geological drilling metadata based on the conventional information and the geological information of the karst geological drilling; constructing a karst geological drilling database based on the standardized rock-soil body nomination code and the karst geological drilling metadata; and acquiring site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factors based on the karst geological drilling database, and realizing the evaluation of karst collapse risk. The database constructed by the application contains the information of the layered structure, the nomination, the sequence, the state, the thickness and the like of the rock-soil body, and can rapidly and automatically extract factors required by the karst collapse risk evaluation through mathematical functions such as searching, positioning and the like, thereby providing data support for realizing a karst collapse risk self-adaptive evaluation model and precise prevention and control.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of geological engineering digitization, and particularly relates to a field-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor extraction method.
Background
The current karst collapse risk or risk evaluation scale is from 1:400 ten thousand to 1: the method is characterized in that 1 ten thousand different types of areas relate to national, provincial, urban and town areas, the national and local space planning is served, the data sources mainly comprise investigation of geological outcrop and few drilling holes, the point density is 0.1-0.5 points/square kilometer, the karst collapse risk evaluation factor precision is low, the result applicability is poor, in addition, the prior art focuses on establishing a system and a model of the evaluation factor, and the source precision of the evaluation factor is avoided. Along with the development of urban, geotechnical engineering survey data of karst engineering sites are increased, the density of drilling points for detailed survey reaches 100-250 points per square kilometer, and the scale reaches 1:1000, how to efficiently utilize the geotechnical engineering investigation drilling holes, improve the karst collapse risk and risk evaluation precision, and achieve the purpose of accurately preventing and controlling karst collapse disasters, is a key technology and method for solving the urgent need of preventing and controlling karst geological disasters in recent years.
Conventionally, a drilling histogram is an important index for truly reflecting the structure of an underground rock-soil body, is also an important result in the detailed investigation of geotechnical engineering, and has important use value in the design and construction of the underground engineering. The characteristics of the method are qualitative description and difficult quantification due to wide regional distribution, multiple landform types, complex geological structure and complex layering of rock and soil mass in China. In addition, the data of the drilling histogram is derived from different working units, so that the time span is large, the industry difference is large, and the specifications and standards are different. For karst areas, geological drilling data are more complex than non-karst areas, and particularly, the multi-layer development of soil holes and karst holes of the karst areas relates to the depth, height, filling condition, filling property and state of the soil (karst) holes. Although some documents propose the idea of carrying out standardized layering on a fourth series soil layer and then carrying out normalization processing on all drilling holes, because the standardized layering is required to be completed by experienced advanced karst geological engineers, the workload is large, the implementation is difficult at home and abroad, the current karst geological drilling database still adopts a mode of storing drilling hole bar charts, such as the current national important city (Guangzhou, shenzhen city, wuhan and the like) geological drilling data service platform, although 60 tens of thousands of drilling holes are provided, the conventional drilling information such as engineering names (or drilling positions), drilling numbers, coordinates, ground elevation, hole depths, underground water level burial depths and the like is mainly input, the structural layering information of a rock-soil body is a direct scanning drilling hole bar chart, the obtained geological drilling information is an independent image, the database has more functions of establishing electronic files of data, and the real-sense rock-soil body layering structure, karst and other related information inquiry is realized with low efficiency. In addition, in the geological drilling data three-dimensional visualization system, the original drilling information is generalized and selected. Although the prior art adopts computer technology to extract information from the borehole histogram, the prior art is limited by various aspects such as image resolution or complex geological description. Therefore, how to realize the information quantization of karst geological drilling (drilling histogram) is also a difficulty to be solved in the digital field of geology at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a method for extracting field-level karst collapse risk evaluation factors, which is characterized by assimilating and characterizing multi-dimensional karst geological drilling data (plane positions, layering depths, thicknesses, names, states and the like of a rock mass) and karst special features (soil holes, karst cave depths, filling conditions, names and states of fillers and the like) described in detail reconnaissance of geotechnical engineering investigation, so that basic data sources of the field-level karst collapse risk evaluation factors are realized, mathematical function expression is adopted, and the field-level large-scale karst collapse risk evaluation factors are extracted, thereby providing important data support for the fine prevention and control of the karst collapse risk.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a method for extracting a site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor, comprising:
standardizing the rock-soil body naming codes, and obtaining standardized rock-soil body naming codes;
acquiring conventional information and geological information of karst geological drilling, and acquiring standardized karst geological drilling metadata based on the conventional information and the geological information of the karst geological drilling;
constructing a karst geological drilling database based on the standardized rock-soil body nomination code and the karst geological drilling metadata;
and acquiring site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factors based on the karst geological drilling database, and realizing the evaluation of karst collapse risk.
Optionally, constructing the karst geological borehole database includes: and inputting the standardized karst geological drilling metadata into the database based on the standardized rock-soil body naming codes, and constructing the karst geological drilling database.
Optionally, entering the normalized karst geological borehole metadata into the database includes: and (3) conventional drilling information input, soil body layered structure and thickness input, rock body layered structure and thickness input and karst characteristic layered information input.
Optionally, the conventional drilling information entry includes: and (5) recording engineering names, drilling numbers, coordinates, ground elevation, hole depth, water level burial depth, water level elevation, final hole date and pumping test parameters.
Optionally, the soil body layered structure and thickness input includes: the fourth system soil structure layering information standard entry and the fourth system soil structure layering thickness information standard entry;
the fourth-line soil structure layering information standard input comprises the following steps: recording a standardized rock-soil body name code according to a fourth system soil layer layered structure in a geological karst borehole histogram from top to bottom;
the fourth-line soil structure layering thickness information standard input comprises the following steps: and recording a layering thickness value corresponding to the layering structure information of the fourth system soil layer.
Optionally, the fourth-system soil layer layered structure information comprises a soil body state and a soil hole code;
and the fourth-series soil structure layering thickness information comprises a height value of a soil hole.
Optionally, the rock mass layering structure and thickness entry includes: the rock mass structure layering information standard input and the rock mass structure layering thickness information standard input;
the rock mass structure layering information standard input comprises: entering a standardized rock mass naming code from top to bottom according to a rock mass layering structure in a drilling histogram;
the rock mass structure layering thickness information standard entry includes: and inputting a layering thickness value corresponding to the layering of the rock mass structure.
Optionally, the rock mass structure layering information comprises the weathering degree of layered rock mass, structure characterization information and karst cave codes;
the rock mass structure layering thickness information comprises a karst cave height value.
Optionally, the karst characteristic layering information input comprises soil cave karst characteristic information standard input and karst characteristic information standard input;
the standard entry of the karst characteristic information of the soil hole comprises the following steps: recording the burial depth and the height of a soil hole in a drilling hole, the filling condition of the soil hole and the filling material, wherein the filling material of the soil hole is recorded through the standardized rock-soil body name code;
the karst characteristic information standard input of the karst cave comprises the following steps: and recording the burial depth and height, filling condition and filling material of the karst cave in the drill hole, wherein the filling material of the karst cave is recorded through the standardized rock-soil body naming code.
Optionally, based on the karst geological drilling database, obtaining the karst collapse risk evaluation factor includes: and extracting soil body evaluation factors, rock mass evaluation factors and karst groundwater evaluation factors from the database through mathematical functions.
The application has the technical effects that: the application utilizes the karst region geotechnical engineering of the site level (the proportion is above 1:2000) to survey the drilling holes in detail (the point density is 100-250 points per square kilometer), and quantitatively records the information of the name, the state and the thickness of the layered soil body of the fourth system structure in the drilling holes, the information of the layered name, the thickness and the weathering degree of the layered structure of the rock body, the karst characteristics and the like by a method of assimilating the drilling hole histogram, so that all the information of the original drilling hole histogram is reserved, the data redundancy is reduced, the storage space is reduced, and the problems that the conventional drilling holes adopt image formats to store the drilling hole histogram, the storage space is large and the layered information of the rock and soil body cannot be directly extracted are avoided; the karst geological drilling database recorded by the method comprises the information of a rock-soil body layered structure, a nomination, a sequence, a state, a thickness and the like, and rock mass, soil body and groundwater factors with high precision and reliable data required by site-level large-scale karst collapse risk evaluation can be rapidly and automatically extracted through mathematical functions such as searching, positioning and the like, so that the utilization efficiency of drilling data is improved, and data support is provided for realizing a karst collapse risk self-adaptive evaluation model and precise prevention and control.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for extracting a site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a karst geological borehole database entry module according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a karst collapse risk evaluation factor extraction module according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for extracting the site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor in the embodiment includes:
standardizing the rock-soil naming code, and obtaining the standardized rock-soil naming code;
acquiring karst geological drilling information and geological information, and acquiring standardized karst geological drilling metadata based on the karst geological drilling information and the geological information;
constructing a karst geological drilling database based on the standardized rock-soil nomination codes and the karst geological drilling metadata;
and acquiring karst collapse risk evaluation factors based on the karst geological drilling database, and realizing the evaluation of the karst collapse risk.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. standardization of rock-soil body nomination codes
And (5) standardizing the rock-soil body naming codes in the drilling histogram according to the latest rock-soil classification naming of the country. Such as:
(1) The name of the fourth-line soil body is expressed by capital letters (A-Z);
(2) Rock mass is indicated by lower case letters (a-z);
(3) The soil hole is denoted by O;
(4) The karst cave is represented by "o";
(5) The hard, hard plastic, soft plastic and plastic flowing states of the soil body are respectively represented by numbers 5-1;
(6) The karst cave filling codes and the fourth-line soil body naming codes;
(7) The block, thick layer, middle thin layer and thin layer of the karst structure are expressed by characters of @ -, and the like;
(8) The weathering degree of the bedrock is full, strong, medium and weak and is expressed by (1) - (4);
2. establishing karst geological drilling metadata standard: engineering name, drilling number, coordinates (X, Y), ground elevation, hole depth, water level burial depth, water level elevation, final hole date, pumping test parameters, fourth series soil layer layering structure, fourth series soil layer layering thickness, rock mass layering structure, rock mass layering thickness, soil hole burial depth and height, karst hole burial depth and height, soil hole filling condition and filler property, karst hole filling condition and filler property.
3. Karst geological drilling database input module
As shown in fig. 2, conventional information of karst geological drilling and multidimensional geological information are input to form a karst geological drilling database.
(1) Conventional borehole information entry
And (3) recording engineering names, drilling numbers, coordinates (X, Y), ground elevation, hole depth, water level burial depth, water level elevation, final hole date and pumping test result parameter information.
(2) Fourth-series soil structure layering information standard input method
And recording a layered structure of a fourth system soil layer in the geological karst borehole histogram by using codes from top to bottom, wherein the layered structure comprises the state of a layered soil body, each layer is connected by using "+" characters, and the layering comprises a soil hole code "O".
(3) The fourth system soil structure layering thickness information standard input method comprises the following steps:
and recording layering thickness values corresponding to the information of the fourth series soil layer layering structure, wherein each layering thickness value is connected by using a "+" character, and the layering comprises the height value of the soil hole.
(4) Rock mass structure layering information standard input method
The method is characterized in that the code is used for recording according to the rock mass layered structure in a drilling histogram from top to bottom, the weathering degree and structure representation information of the layered rock mass are contained, each layer is connected by using "+" characters, and karst cave codes "o" are contained in the layers.
(5) Rock mass structure layering thickness information standard input method
And recording a layering thickness number corresponding to the layering of the rock mass structure, and connecting the layering thickness number with a "+" character, wherein the layering comprises the height value of the karst cave.
(6) Standard entry method for karst characteristic information of soil cave
The depth and height of the earth hole in the drill hole are recorded, corresponding to the earth hole filling condition (full filling, half filling, no filling) and the filling material, the soil layer code for the filling material. If multiple layers of soil holes are encountered, the number of the soil holes and filling conditions of each layer is consistent with the number of codes ' O ' in the 3 rd step, and commas ' are used for separation in the middle.
(7) Karst characteristic information standard entry method for karst cave
The burial depth and height of karst cave in the drilling hole are recorded, the filling condition (full filling, half filling and no filling) and the filling material are recorded, if the karst cave is encountered, the number of each karst cave and filling condition is consistent with the number of codes 'o' in item 5, and commas are used for separating.
4. Establishing karst geological drilling database module
Recording each borehole of the site geotechnical engineering survey detail survey to form a karst geological borehole database.
5. The karst collapse risk evaluation factor extraction is shown in FIG. 3
(1) Soil body evaluation factor extraction
(1) Comprehensive soil layer structural factor extraction
In the 3.2 th item, clay, powdery clay, gravel-containing clay and the like are uniformly named AS 'A', sandy pebbles are uniformly named AS sensitive layers 'S', the codes of sensitive layers such AS sandy pebbles and the like and corresponding soil layer thickness values are extracted from the fourth-system soil layer layered structure and layered thickness information fields recorded in the 3.2 th and 3.3 rd items by adopting functions InStr$and right$, a drill hole with the single-layer sensitive layer thickness of more than 1 meter in a soil body is selected, if the sensitive layer is positioned at the lowest layer, an 'AS' is given in a comprehensive soil layer structure field of the drill hole, and if the sensitive layer is positioned at the middle part of a layer, a field 'ASA' is given to the rest drill holes, and 'A' characters are given to the rest drill holes.
(2) Total soil layer thickness factor extraction
From the layering thicknesses in item 3.3, the Sum of the layering thicknesses is calculated with the function sum$ and given into the factor field.
(3) Fourth-series aquifer water-rich range factor extraction
In the 3.2 and 3.3 items, searching the sandy pebble sensitive layer code and the drill hole with the thickness larger than 5 meters by using the function Search $, extracting the sensitive layer burial depth meeting the requirement, and giving the ratio of the water level burial depth in the 3.1 item to the sensitive layer burial depth into the field.
(4) Soil hole factor extraction
The character "O" and the hierarchical sequence position are searched for by using the function Search $in item 3.6, the burial depth value of the soil hole is calculated by using the functions InStr$and Sum$in item 3.3, and the burial depth value of the soil hole is given to the field.
(2) Rock mass evaluation factor extraction
(1) Linear karst factor extraction
In the 3.4 item rock mass layering entry information, searching for a character 'o' and the layering sequence position by using a function Search $, calculating the total height of the karst cave and the total thickness of the rock mass by using functions InStr$and Sum$ in the 3.5 item information, and giving the ratio of the total height of the karst cave to the total thickness of the rock mass to a linear karst rate field.
(2) Karst cave filling factor extraction
From item 3.7 entry information, the sandy pebble sensitive layer and the Filling code are searched for using the function Search $, and the characters "S" and "rolling" are assigned to this field, respectively.
(3) Karst groundwater evaluation factor extraction
(1) Extraction of water rock burial depth ratio factor
The ratio of the groundwater level burial depth in item 3.1 to the total soil layer thickness in item 3.3 is assigned to this field.
(2) Engineering deep-reduction intensity factor extraction
Extracting the drilling depth (H), the groundwater level burial depth (H1) and the total soil layer thickness (H2) of the 3.1 rd item and calculating the value of (H-H2)/((H2-H1) to be added into the field.
(3) Karst water-rich range factor extraction
Extraction of the pumping test parameters of item 3.1 is assigned to this field.
The application defines the meta data of the layered name, thickness and state of the rock-soil body of the karst geological drilling; the relation between the structural feature combination of the rock-soil body and the thickness and depth is quantized; and extracting the karst collapse accurate prevention and control risk evaluation factors.
According to the method, a karst geological drilling database is established by adopting an assimilation method, instead of adopting an image format to store a drilling histogram, all layering information in the drilling histogram is reserved, the data redundancy is reduced, and the storage space is reduced; as the database contains the layering nomination and thickness information of the rock and soil mass, the karst collapse risk evaluation factor data is extracted through a mathematical function, the utilization efficiency of karst geological drilling data is improved, and the aim of accurately preventing and controlling the karst collapse disaster risk is fulfilled.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for extracting the site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor is characterized by comprising the following steps of: standardizing the rock-soil body naming codes, and obtaining standardized rock-soil body naming codes;
acquiring conventional information and geological information of karst geological drilling, and acquiring standardized karst geological drilling metadata based on the conventional information and the geological information of the karst geological drilling;
constructing a karst geological drilling database based on the standardized rock-soil body nomination code and the karst geological drilling metadata;
and acquiring site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factors based on the karst geological drilling database, and realizing the evaluation of karst collapse risk.
2. The method of site-level karst collapse risk assessment factor extraction of claim 1, wherein constructing the karst geological borehole database comprises: and inputting the standardized karst geological drilling metadata into the database based on the standardized rock-soil body naming codes, and constructing the karst geological drilling database.
3. The method of site-level karst collapse risk assessment factor extraction of claim 2, wherein entering the normalized karst geological borehole metadata into the database comprises: and (3) conventional drilling information input, soil body layered structure and thickness input, rock body layered structure and thickness input and karst characteristic layered information input.
4. The method for extracting the site-level karst collapse risk assessment factor according to claim 3, wherein the conventional borehole information entry comprises: and (5) recording engineering names, drilling numbers, coordinates, ground elevation, hole depth, water level burial depth, water level elevation, final hole date and pumping test parameters.
5. The method for extracting the site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor according to claim 3, wherein the soil body layered structure and thickness recording comprises: the fourth system soil structure layering information standard entry and the fourth system soil structure layering thickness information standard entry;
the fourth-line soil structure layering information standard input comprises the following steps: recording a standardized rock-soil body name code according to a fourth system soil layer layered structure in a geological karst borehole histogram from top to bottom;
the fourth-line soil structure layering thickness information standard input comprises the following steps: and recording a layering thickness value corresponding to the layering structure information of the fourth system soil layer.
6. The method for extracting the field-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor according to claim 5, wherein the fourth-system soil layer layered structure information includes a state of a soil body and a soil hole code;
and the fourth-series soil structure layering thickness information comprises a height value of a soil hole.
7. The method for extracting the site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor according to claim 3, wherein the rock mass layering structure and thickness recording comprises: the rock mass structure layering information standard input and the rock mass structure layering thickness information standard input;
the rock mass structure layering information standard input comprises: entering a standardized rock mass naming code from top to bottom according to a rock mass layering structure in a drilling histogram;
the rock mass structure layering thickness information standard entry includes: and inputting a layering thickness value corresponding to the layering of the rock mass structure.
8. The method for extracting the site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor according to claim 7, wherein the rock mass structure layering information comprises the weathering degree of layered rock mass, structure characterization information and karst cave codes;
the rock mass structure layering thickness information comprises a karst cave height value.
9. The method for extracting the site-level karst collapse risk evaluation factor according to claim 3, wherein the karst characteristic layering information input comprises a soil cave karst characteristic information standard input and a karst cave karst characteristic information standard input;
the standard entry of the karst characteristic information of the soil hole comprises the following steps: recording the burial depth and the height of a soil hole in a drilling hole, the filling condition of the soil hole and the filling material, wherein the filling material of the soil hole is recorded through the standardized rock-soil body name code;
the karst characteristic information standard input of the karst cave comprises the following steps: and recording the burial depth and height, filling condition and filling material of the karst cave in the drill hole, wherein the filling material of the karst cave is recorded through the standardized rock-soil body naming code.
10. The method of site-level karst collapse risk assessment factor extraction of claim 1, wherein obtaining karst collapse risk assessment factors based on the karst geological borehole database comprises: and extracting soil body evaluation factors, rock mass evaluation factors and karst groundwater evaluation factors from the database through mathematical functions.
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