CN116642762B - Quantitative evaluation method for compressibility of shale oil reservoir rock - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation method for rock compressibility of a shale oil reservoir, which comprises the following steps: and carrying out bedding division on the standard rock sample, dividing the bedding into thin, medium and thick layer bedding, obtaining the total bedding number of the standard rock sample, determining the total extrusion layer bedding number and the total extrusion layer bedding thickness through Young modulus, further obtaining non-uniformity and longitudinal non-uniformity, and finally calculating to obtain the compressibility index. According to the method, the bedding development degree is introduced for the first time to evaluate the compressibility of the rock, meanwhile, different mineral differences are combined with the bedding heterogeneity, the method is also applicable to similar unconventional strong heterogeneous reservoirs, and the adaptability of shale oil reservoir evaluation is improved by the novel method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum and natural gas engineering, in particular to a quantitative evaluation method for rock compressibility of a shale oil reservoir in the process of exploration and development of the shale oil and gas reservoir.
Background
The Chinese shale oil has very rich resources and huge development potential. The volume fracturing of the horizontal well is a key for realizing the efficient development of shale oil, wherein the rock compressibility is one of core factors for evaluating the unconventional shale oil and gas resource exploration engineering to obtain high productivity, and at present, researchers are carrying out a great deal of research on the rock compressibility, and the rock compressibility is mainly evaluated from the aspects of rock mineral composition, mechanical parameter characteristics, microcrack development degree and the like.
However, compared with north america, the Chinese shale oil reservoir has strong heterogeneity, and a longitudinal multi-stage stacking layer theory is extremely developed, wherein the layer theory is a core factor influencing crack extension, and further controls the complexity of the crack, so that the oil gas seepage contact area is maximized, and the method is an important point of shale oil gas exploration and development. Thus, how to quantify the bedding properties is a primary challenge in studying the compressibility of unconventional shale oil rocks. However, the factors influencing the compressibility of unconventional shale reservoir rock are numerous and complex in relation and mutually influence each other to different degrees, and the following methods mainly aiming at rock compressibility evaluation and quantitative characterization are available at present:
liao Rugang et al (Liao Rugang, guo Jianchun, gao Dongwei, et al. A shale compressibility evaluation method, patent number: CN 201811353712.6). The method mainly starts from the influence of mineral brittleness and natural cracks, and according to the principle that the better the mineral brittleness is, the larger the natural crack influence factor is, and the better the rock compressibility is, the rock compressibility is evaluated by utilizing the principle that the number of cracks in the triaxial test of rock mechanics is preferably mineral compressibility, then describing the rock compressibility characteristics by combining the natural crack characteristics of a reservoir, and calculating the weight coefficients of the mineral compressibility and the natural crack influence factor. The method only considers the influence of reservoir rock mineral components and natural cracks on compressibility, and omits key rock mechanical parameters.
Dan Shanzhi (Dan Shanzhi, tian Gang, yu Huiyong, etc. method for determining the compressibility of rock at different well sections of a horizontal well developing a natural fracture reservoir, patent No. cn201911044838. X). In the method, rock debris samples at different well sections are collected in the horizontal well drilling process; and observing the rock debris sample by using an electron scanning microscope to obtain the compressibility index of the rock of the corresponding well section, which is obtained by calculating the natural crack development condition, the rock brittleness and the rock pore development process condition of the corresponding well section through a weight scoring method, so as to evaluate the compressibility of the rock. The method only considers the influence of natural cracks on the compressibility, and omits key rock mechanical parameters and mineral components.
Zhou Lihong (Zhou Lihong, liu Xuewei, by far) and the like-evaluation and application of the influence factors of the fracturing property of the land shale oil rock-taking two sections of the east-concave holes as an example [ J ]. Chinese oil exploration, 2019, 24 (5): 670-678), a fracture network index model is established by comprehensively considering three factors of rock brittleness, natural cracks and ground stress, and qualitative analysis and quantitative characterization are carried out on the fracturing property of the land shale oil rock typical of the two sections of the east-concave holes in the hong Kong detection zone, so that the perforation parameters and the fracturing construction parameters of the horizontal well are further optimized. The method also only considers the rock compressibility engineering factors, and ignores the influence of geological factors.
None of the above methods consider the special geological features of shale oil development layer, which is the main factor for controlling compressibility. And meanwhile, the influence of the target engineering for finally pursuing the maximum productivity by volume fracturing is ignored, so that not only is the effective seam network wave and volume formed, but also the maximum productivity is pursued at the same time. Therefore, a quantitative evaluation method for considering the influence of core factor layer rationality on rock compressibility is needed, and important guidance is provided for efficient exploration and development of shale oil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a quantitative evaluation method for the compressibility of shale oil reservoir rock.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
A method for quantitatively evaluating the compressibility of shale oil reservoir rock, comprising:
(1) Coring a target reservoir, processing the cored rock into a standard rock sample, and drying the standard rock sample to constant weight;
(2) Performing bedding classification by using the standard rock core in the step (1), dividing the bedding into a thin layer bedding, a middle layer bedding and a thick layer bedding, and superposing the number of the thin layer bedding, the middle layer bedding and the thick layer bedding to obtain the total bedding number of the standard rock sample;
(3) For each area divided in the step (2), obtaining Young's modulus of each area, and determining total extrusion layer thickness and total extrusion layer thickness;
(4) Measuring the clay percentage content K of different areas in the standard rock sample i Calculating to obtain non-uniformity;
(5) Considering the influence of the layering of the extrusion layer, and calculating the longitudinal unevenness by using the unevenness calculated in the step (4);
(6) And (5) calculating the compressibility index by using the longitudinal non-uniformity of each region in the step (5), and quantitatively evaluating the compressibility of the shale oil reservoir rock by using the compressibility index.
Further, in the step (1), the standard rock sample has a diameter of 2.5cm and a length of 5cm.
Further, in the step (2), the step of performing layer classification on the standard core includes: dividing each standard rock core into 2 areas with the length of 2.5cm on average, taking the length of 0.5mm from the position of 1.25cm for each rock core area, and recording the number of lamellar layers, middle-layer layers and thick-layer layers of each rock core, wherein the layer thickness of the lamellar layers is smaller than 0.05mm, the layer thickness of the middle-layer layers is in the interval of 0.05-0.1 mm, and the layer thickness of the thick-layer layers is larger than 0.1mm.
Further, the determining the extrusion layer in the step (3) includes: for the divided 5 areas, respectively taking a length of 0.5mm from a position of 0.5cm of each area to obtain Young's modulus E of each layer of the length ij The layer theory with the Young's modulus larger or smaller than that of the two adjacent layers is recorded as the extrusion layer theory, and the total number F of the extrusion layer theory of each area is recorded i Wherein the judgment criterion of the extrusion layer is shown as formula (2):
E i(j-1) ≤E ij ≥E i(j+1) or E is i(j-1) ≥E ij ≤E i(j+1) (2)
F i ＝∑F ij (3)
After the number of the extrusion layers is determined, the total thickness L of the extrusion layers in each area is measured i ，
L i ＝∑L ij (4)
Wherein: e (E) ij Young's modulus of the jth layer representing the ith region, MPa; f (F) i Representing the total number of layers satisfying the formula (2) in the i-th region; l (L) ij The thickness of the jth layer representing the ith region, mm; l (L) i Represents the layer thickness satisfying the formula (2) in the i-th region, and mm.
Further, the calculating method of the unevenness in the step (4) is as shown in the formula (5):
wherein: z is Z i Is non-uniformity; k (K) i Clay percentage for each zone.
Further, the method for calculating the longitudinal unevenness in the step (5) is as shown in the formula (6):
P i ＝Z i L i (6)
where Pi is the longitudinal non-uniformity of the rock sample.
Further, the formula of the compressibility index in the step (6) is shown in formula (7):
wherein P is a compressibility index.
Further, the greater the value of the compressibility index, the better the rock compressibility.
Further, the clay content of the core was measured using an X-ray diffractometer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a novel quantitative evaluation method for the rock compressibility of a shale oil reservoir, which is characterized in that the rock compressibility is evaluated by firstly carrying out fracturing on the volume of the shale oil reservoir to form the bedding development degree of potential factors of complex fracture network, meanwhile, different mineral differences are combined with the bedding heterogeneity to define a novel rock compressibility coefficient, the rock compressibility of a target area can be rapidly and quantitatively evaluated, the calculation method is accurate and reliable, compared with the prior evaluation method, the quality change is realized, the evaluation precision and the shale oil reservoir evaluation adaptability are greatly improved, the method is also applicable to similar unconventional strong heterogeneous reservoirs, and has good application prospect, and reliable basis can be provided for efficient exploration and development of shale oil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of a comparison of different types of layer textures for different regions of a shale oil reservoir sample in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of mineral inhomogeneity versus different areas of a shale oil reservoir sample in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for rock compressibility of a shale oil reservoir, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a rock sample: dividing a shale reservoir target evaluation section into a plurality of units, and carrying out continuous coring operation on each evaluation unit. Making the rock of the shale reservoir section into a standard rock sample with the diameter of 2.5cm and the length of 5cm, and placing the standard rock sample into a 100 ℃ oven for drying to constant weight;
(2) Layer thickness division: layering is divided into three major categories, wherein layering with a layering thickness of less than 0.05mm is referred to as lamellar layering; the layer theory with the layer theory thickness ranging from 0.05mm to 0.1mm is called a middle layer theory; a layer theory having a layer theory thickness greater than 0.1mm is referred to as a thick layer theory. Dividing each rock sample in the step (1) into 5 areas with the length of 1cm on average, taking the length of 0.5mm from the position of 0.5cm for each area, and recording the total number of lamellar layer structures, middle layer structures and thick layer structures with the length, wherein the total number is expressed as shown in the expression (1):
B Z ＝B T +B M +B K (1)
wherein: b (B) Z The total layering number of the rock sample; b (B) T The number of lamellar layers of the rock sample; b (B) M The number of the lamellar layers of the rock sample; b (B) K Is the number of thick layer-like layers of the rock sample.
(3) And (3) layer arrangement determination of an extrusion layer: for the divided 5 areas, respectively taking a length of 0.5mm from a position of 0.5cm of each area to obtain Young's modulus E of each layer of the length ij The layer theory with Young's modulus larger or smaller than that of two adjacent layers is recorded as an extrusion layer theory, the judgment criterion of the extrusion layer theory is shown as a formula (2), and after the number of extrusion layers is determined, each area is recordedThe extrusion layer number is F i 。
E i(j-1) ≤E ij ≥E i(j+1) Or E is i(j-1) ≥E ij ≤E i(j+1) (2)
F i ＝∑F ij (3)
After the number of the extrusion layers is determined, the total thickness L of the extrusion layers in each area is measured i 。
L i ＝∑L ij (4)
Wherein: e (E) ij Young's modulus of the jth layer representing the ith region, MPa; f (F) i Representing the total number of layers satisfying the formula (2) in the i-th region; l (L) ij The thickness of the jth layer representing the ith region, mm; l (L) i Represents the layer thickness satisfying the formula (2) in the i-th region, and mm.
(4) Shale unevenness calculation: the layer having a regional clay content of 30% is referred to as shale stabilization layer, where the regional unevenness is 1, and when the regional clay content is 100%, the unevenness is 0.
Measurement of the percentage of clay K in different areas of a rock sample by means of an X-ray diffractometer i 。
The calculation formula of the unevenness is then as shown in formula (5):
wherein: z is Z i Is non-uniformity; k (K) i Clay percentage for each zone.
(5) Longitudinal non-uniformity: the longitudinal unevenness mainly considers the influence of the layer layering of the extruded layer, and its calculation formula is shown in formula (6).
P i ＝Z i L i (6)
(6) Compressibility evaluation: after the longitudinal unevenness of each region is calculated, the entire compressibility needs to be evaluated, and the calculation formula of the compressibility index is shown as formula (7).
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and a block of a shale oil reservoir horizontal well coring rock sample as an example.
The example provides a quantitative evaluation method for the compressibility of shale oil reservoir rock, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a rock sample: dividing a shale oil reservoir target evaluation section into a plurality of units, carrying out continuous coring operation on each evaluation unit, processing the shale oil reservoir target evaluation section into standard rock samples with the diameter of 2.5CM and the length of 5CM, taking one standard rock sample with the number of CM, and placing the standard rock sample in a 100 ℃ oven for drying to constant weight;
(2) Layer thickness division: taking a length of 0.5mm from a position of 0.5cm for each area, and recording the total number of lamellar layer structures, middle lamellar layer structures and thick lamellar layer structures of the length, wherein the data result is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 different area layer reason quantity table of rock sample
| Layer management type | CM1 | CM2 | CM3 | CM4 | CM5 | CM average layer number |
| Lamellar layer arrangement | 11 | 8 | 11 | 7 | 9 | — |
| Middle layer theory | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| Thick lamellar layer | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | — |
| Total layer number | 13 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 11.4 |
(3) And (3) layer arrangement determination of an extrusion layer: the layer Young's modulus of the selected region was obtained as shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2 different regional layer physical and mechanical parameter tables of rock sample
Wherein the thickness of each layer within the region is also shown in the table;
(3) Calculating the unevenness of the rock sample: the clay content values of the selected five regions were measured by an X-ray diffractometer, and the unevenness was calculated by the formula (5), as shown in table 3,
TABLE 3 Clay content and non-uniformity in different areas of rock samples
| Name of the name | CM1 | CM2 | CM3 | CM4 | CM5 |
| Clay content (%) | 34 | 42 | 38 | 41 | 35 |
| Unevenness of | 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 0.93 |
(4) Longitudinal non-uniformity: from table 2, the thickness of the extruded layers was found, using the judgment criteria of formula (2), in which the extruded layers of the first block region were CM14, CM17, CM19, CM110 and CM111, the extruded layers of the second block region were CM24, CM27 and CM29, the extruded layers of the third block region were CM32, CM34 and CM39, the extruded layers of the fourth block region were CM42 and CM47, and the extruded layers of the fifth block region were CM54, CM55 and CM57. And calculating the total thickness of the extrusion layer by using the formula (4), and combining the non-uniformity of the table 3, and obtaining the longitudinal non-uniformity of each region by using the formula (6), as shown in the table 4;
TABLE 4 longitudinal non-uniformity of rock samples
| Name of the name | CM1 | CM2 | CM3 | CM4 | CM5 |
| Thickness of extrusion layer (mm) | 0.187 | 0.192 | 0.123 | 0.137 | 0.162 |
| Unevenness of | 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 0.93 |
| Longitudinal non-uniformity | 0.1758 | 0.1594 | 0.1095 | 0.1151 | 0.1507 |
(5) Compressibility evaluation: the compressibility index of the rock sample was calculated using equation (7), yielding a result of 0.1192, which was higher than in other areas, thus indicating that the core block was more compressible.
Firstly, acquiring a shale reservoir target evaluation layer underground rock sample or a same-layer outcrop, and testing mineral components and rock mechanical parameters of the rock sample; secondly, according to rock mechanical parameters of the tested rock sample, calculating the number of bedding compressible layers, quantitatively evaluating the bedding development degree, and further according to mineral components of the rock sample, calculating a rock mineral difference coefficient, wherein the larger the difference coefficient is, the stronger the reservoir heterogeneity is. And finally, calculating a rock compressibility index according to the bedding number and the difference coefficient of the rock sample, wherein the rock compressibility index is better as the value is larger, so that the aim of evaluating the rock compressibility of the shale oil reservoir is fulfilled. According to the method, rock compressibility is evaluated by firstly utilizing the bedding development degree of factors affecting the volume fracturing of the shale oil reservoir to form complex fracture network potential, meanwhile, different mineral differences are combined with bedding heterogeneity to define a new rock compressibility coefficient, the rock compressibility of a target area can be rapidly and quantitatively evaluated, the calculation method is accurate and reliable, quality changes are realized in comparison with the conventional evaluation method, the evaluation precision and the shale oil reservoir evaluation adaptability are greatly improved, and the method is applicable to similar unconventional strong heterogeneous reservoirs, and has good application prospects
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, and it should be understood that the present embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the form disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments. And the modifications and simple changes carried out by the person skilled in the art do not deviate from the technical idea and scope of the invention, and all belong to the protection scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for quantitatively evaluating the compressibility of shale oil reservoir rock, comprising:
(1) Coring a target reservoir, processing the cored rock into a standard rock core, wherein the diameter of the standard rock core is 2.5cm, the length of the standard rock core is 5cm, and drying the standard rock core to constant weight;
(2) Performing layer-structure division by utilizing the standard core in the step (1), and dividing the layer structure into a thin layer-like layer structure, a middle layer-like layer structure and a thick layer-like layer structure, wherein the layer structure with the layer structure thickness smaller than 0.05mm is called as the thin layer-like layer structure; the layer theory with the layer theory thickness ranging from 0.05mm to 0.1mm is called a middle layer theory; the bedding thickness of the bedding is more than 0.1mm and is called thick-layer bedding, each rock sample in the step (1) is divided into 5 areas with the length of 1cm on average, the length of 0.5mm is taken from the position of 0.5cm for each area, the total number of the thin-layer bedding, the middle-layer bedding and the thick-layer bedding with the length is recorded, and the total number of the layering of the standard rock core is obtained by superposing the numbers of the thin-layer bedding, the middle-layer bedding and the thick-layer bedding;
(3) For each area divided in the step (2), obtaining Young's modulus of each area, and determining total extrusion layer thickness and total extrusion layer thickness;
wherein determining the extrusion layer comprises: for the divided 5 areas, respectively taking a length of 0.5mm from a position of 0.5cm of each area to obtain Young's modulus E of each layer of the length ij The layer theory with the Young's modulus larger or smaller than that of the two adjacent layers is recorded as the extrusion layer theory, and the total number F of the extrusion layer theory of each area is recorded i Wherein the judgment criterion of the extrusion layer is shown as formula (2):
E i(j-1) ≤E ij ≥E i(j+1) or E is i(j-1) ≥E ij ≤E i(j+1) (2)
F i ＝∑F ij (3)
After the number of the extrusion layers is determined, the total thickness L of the extrusion layers in each area is measured i ，
L i ＝∑L ij (4)
Wherein: e (E) ij Young's modulus of the jth layer representing the ith region, MPa; f (F) i Representing the total number of layers satisfying the formula (2) in the i-th region; l (L) ij The thickness of the jth layer representing the ith region, mm; l (L) i Represents the layer thickness satisfying the formula (2) in the i-th region, mm;
(4) Measuring the clay percentage K of different areas in the standard core i Calculating to obtain non-uniformity;
the calculating method of the unevenness is shown in the formula (5):
wherein: z is Z i Is non-uniformity; k (K) i Clay percentage for each zone;
(5) Considering the influence of the layering of the extrusion layer, and calculating the longitudinal unevenness by using the unevenness calculated in the step (4);
the longitudinal unevenness calculating method is shown in the formula (6):
P i ＝Z i L i (6)
p in the formula i Is the longitudinal unevenness of the rock sample
(6) Calculating to obtain a compressibility index by utilizing the longitudinal non-uniformity of each area in the step (5), and quantitatively evaluating the compressibility of the shale oil reservoir rock by utilizing the compressibility index;
the calculation formula of the compressibility index is shown as formula (7):
wherein P is a compressibility index.
2. The method for quantitatively evaluating the compressibility of shale oil reservoir rock of claim 1, wherein the larger the value of the compressibility index is, the better the rock compressibility is indicated.
3. The quantitative evaluation method for the compressibility of shale oil reservoir rock according to claim 1, wherein the clay content of the core is measured by an X-ray diffractometer.
4. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method for quantitatively evaluating shale oil reservoir rock compressibility of one of claims 1-3 when the computer program is executed.
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| CN114018697A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-02-08 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for evaluating compressibility of bedding shale reservoir based on micro-mechanics experiment |
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| WO2016186691A1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2016-11-24 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Hydraulic fracturability index using high resolution core measurements |
| CN110714753A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-01-21 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Shale reservoir compressibility evaluation method |
| CN114018697A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-02-08 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for evaluating compressibility of bedding shale reservoir based on micro-mechanics experiment |
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