CN116635865A - Automatic measurement system for reading RFID tags during drilling - Google Patents
Automatic measurement system for reading RFID tags during drilling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116635865A CN116635865A CN202180086690.5A CN202180086690A CN116635865A CN 116635865 A CN116635865 A CN 116635865A CN 202180086690 A CN202180086690 A CN 202180086690A CN 116635865 A CN116635865 A CN 116635865A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rfid
- scanner
- drill pipe
- antenna
- rfid antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
- G06K19/0725—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs the arrangement being a circuit for emulating a plurality of record carriers, e.g. a single RFID tag capable of representing itself to a reader as a cloud of RFID tags
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07701—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction
Abstract
An automated measurement device for reading Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags during drilling is installed on an oil and gas drilling apparatus above a wellhead of a well being drilled, the automated measurement device comprising an RFID antenna, a stationary RFID scanner, a network switch and a local server. The combination of the specific number of RFID antennas installed, their distance from the drill pipe and the stationary RFID scanner, and the length of the network cable between the RFID antennas and the RFID scanner makes it possible to automatically read information from the RFID tag during drilling. The RFID antennas are mounted equidistant from each other at the vertices of a regular polygon, the center of which coincides with the rotation axis of the drill pipe. The number of RFID antennas should not exceed four. The plane of the RFID antenna must be oriented towards the rotation axis of the drill pipe perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The drill pipe outer surface is no less than 30 cm and no more than 1 meter from the RFID antenna. The cable length from the RFID antenna to the stationary RFID scanner should not exceed 10 meters. The RFID scanner is placed in an explosion proof box below the rig turret. The RFID scanner and RFID antenna are fixed to the metal structure of the rig turret base. The local server and network switch are installed in the cabin of the operator above the turret of the rig.
Description
Technical Field
The present application pertains to the oil, gas and mining industries, i.e., methods of reading information from RFID tags mounted on oil and gas drilling equipment.
The application has industrial applicability.
Background
Drilling rigs for oil and gas drilling are composed of various types of pipes. Deep wells typically have more than 600 drill pipe joints in the wellbore, and the drill string may include tools such as heavy drill pipe, dilators, stabilizers, engagement adapters for various threaded connections, safety valves, and special logging tools, among others, in addition to the drill pipe.
Drill pipe is the main part of the drill string designed to enter the borehole and lift the rock breaking tool, transmit rotation, create axial loads on the tool, and transport drilling mud to the bottom of the hole. They also account for a significant portion of all oil and gas production costs. It is therefore important to have an effective means of controlling the entire life cycle of the drill pipe, including its operation directly at the drilling machine.
Currently known uses of RFID technology are schlumberger, france, petrobas (petroleo brasileiros.a.), weather for international ltd, switzerland, growth HorizonsLLC.
The application of RFID technology is to assemble an RFID tag on each tube that carries unique information about that particular tube. Reading the information at the correct moment makes it possible to track the "biography (ca, a, i ю)" of the tube. However, reading RFID tags is problematic because electromagnetic radiation from the RFID tags is highly shielded by the metal of the tubing and other drilling tools. For inventory, transportation and logistics tasks, these difficulties are being overcome, but presently reliable automatic reading of RFID tags directly during a real rig process has not been achieved. Theoretical developments do not have practical solutions. In practice, the process is performed in manual mode, wherein when the drill pipe is lowered into or lifted from the borehole, the operator approaches the RFID tagged drill pipe and reads the RFID tag using a handheld RFID scanner. This approach is not acceptable for continuous operation because of the hundreds of tubes in the drill string.
Thus, not only is the drill string required to be specified by individual components, but the process needs to be implemented in an automated mode in order to receive not only an average of the whole string estimates of the predicted parameters (such as operating time, static and dynamic loads, accumulated fatigue, etc.) according to the drilling plan, but also an estimate associated with each individual drill rod or other tool included in the drill string.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application solves this problem of describing the drill string in detail, qualitatively improving the monitoring of the drilling process, other trip operations, and providing the opportunity to directly estimate the changing physical parameters of each individual drill string component during the drilling process in an automatic mode.
For this purpose, an RFID tag is installed in each drill pipe or other drill string element, which RFID tag comprises an electronic circuit with a unique identifier, which electronic circuit can be read by the claimed measurement complex.
The composite body comprises:
1) A stationary RFID scanner generates a scanned direct electromagnetic wave, and reads back the wave reflected from the RFID tag,
2) An RFID antenna that records an electromagnetic field,
3) A network switch connecting the individual elements of the complex,
4) The RFID reader transmits the collected information to the local server with the original software for storage and main processing.
5) The elements of the structured cable network (cable of the RFID antenna is connected to the RFID reader, the RFID reader is connected to the network switch, and the network switch is connected to the local server).
The claimed application relates to an automated measurement complex mounted above a wellhead for reading in real time radio frequency identification passive RFID tags mounted on oil and gas drilling equipment while drilling.
The system is an automated hardware and software system installed above the wellhead and includes four RFID antennas, a stationary RFID scanner placed in an explosion proof box, a cable connecting the RFID antennas to the RFID scanner, the RFID antennas and RFID scanner being attached to a metal structure below the rotary table of the rig. A network switch and a local server with raw software are also included, located in the cabin of the drilling operator above the rotary table of the drilling rig.
The object of the present application is to reliably read passive RFID tags attached to drill string components in order to obtain information about the status of each individual pipe in an automatic mode during drilling without the need for operator intervention.
The combination of a specified number of RFID antennas, their specific positions and distances relative to the drill pipe and relative to the stationary RFID scanner enables automatic reading of the RFID tags during drilling.
This problem is solved by placing an optimal number of receiving RFID antennas, taking into account their effect on each other, determining their configuration with respect to the position of the drill string, optimal distance from the pipe, and protection of complex (RFID scanner) active equipment with respect to fire and explosion safety requirements at the oil and gas drilling site.
Because the drill string on the well is operated in different modes, a series of tests are performed in all of these modes. These tests reveal that the optimal number of RFID antennas is 4 and that the distance of the RFID antenna surface from the outer surface of the drill pipe should be greater than 30 cm, because of the possible contact with the blowout equipment at small distances and should be less than 1 meter due to the limitations of the RFID tag read range.
Dedicated mounts have been designed to place RFID antennas on the drill, which is not the subject of the present application.
It has also been found that the length of the connection cable from the stationary RFID scanner to the RFID antenna affects the read range of the passive RFID tag. Thus, the RFID scanner must be mounted as close as possible to the RFID antenna, for which purpose the RFID scanner is mounted very close to the RFID antenna under the turntable of the drilling machine, and for safety reasons the RFID scanner is placed in an explosion proof box. The length of the connection cable from the stationary RFID scanner to the RFID antenna should be as short as possible due to strong signal attenuation therein, so the scanner is also placed in the space below the turntable, the cable length not exceeding 10 meters.
The schematic layout of the elements of the measurement complex with respect to a drill pipe with an RFID tag is as follows: tube with RFID tag-RFID antenna-stationary RFID scanner-network switch-local server.
Increasing the number of RFID antennas from one to four improves the reading of the RFID tag. However, adding fifth and subsequent RFID antennas does not actually improve the read quality, but is a hazard to it due to interference effects, so this complex uses exactly four RFID antennas.
The geometry of the RFID antenna location follows the axisymmetry due to the rotation of the tube, so the RFID antenna is mounted in the vertex of a regular polygon, the center of which is the point of the tube rotation axis, in the same horizontal plane as the center of the RFID antenna. In this case, the surface plane of the RFID antenna is oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tube.
Drawings
The following is a list of figures. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware measurement complex, wherein 1-a drill pipe with an RFID tag,
a 2-RFID tag is provided that,
a 3-RFID antenna is provided which is configured to be coupled to a wireless communication device,
a connection cable of the 4-RFID antenna and the RFID scanner,
a 5-RFID scanner,
a 6-network switch that is configured to receive the data,
a 7-a local server, wherein,
connection cables between the 9-RFID scanner and the network switch, connection cables between the 10-network switch and the local server,
an 11-explosion-proof box, wherein the explosion-proof box is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof holes,
13-the space under the rotor table,
14-space above the rotor table, fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a hardware measurement system, wherein 1-a drill pipe with RFID tags,
a 2-RFID tag is provided that,
a 3-RFID antenna is provided which is configured to be coupled to a wireless communication device,
4-RFID antenna connection cable to RFID scanner,
a 5-RFID scanner,
a rotary table of the 8-drilling machine,
an 11-explosion-proof box, wherein the explosion-proof box is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof holes,
a 12-well head, wherein the well head is provided with a hole,
13-space under the rotor table, fig. 3 is an overall view of the hardware measurement system, wherein 1-drill pipe with RFID tag, 2-RFID tag,
a 3-RFID antenna is provided which is configured to be coupled to a wireless communication device,
4-connection antenna cable with RFID scanner,
a 5-RFID scanner,
a rotary table of the 8-drilling machine,
an 11-explosion-proof box, wherein the explosion-proof box is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof holes,
a 12-well head, wherein the well head is provided with a hole,
13-the space under the rotor table,
FIG. 4 is a top view of a hardware measurement system, wherein
1-a drill pipe with an RFID tag,
a 2-RFID tag is provided that,
a 3-RFID antenna is provided which is configured to be coupled to a wireless communication device,
the 4-RFID antenna is connected to the RFID scanner 4 by a cable,
a 5-RFID scanner,
a rotary table of the 8-drilling machine,
an 11-explosion-proof box, wherein the explosion-proof box is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof holes,
a 12-well head, wherein the well head is provided with a hole,
13-the space under the rotor table,
Detailed Description
An implementation of the application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The complex is an automated hardware-software system installed above the wellhead 12 (fig. 2, 3, 4) and consisting of four RFID antennas 3 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4). The stationary RFID scanner 5 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) is housed in an explosion proof box 11 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), the cable 4 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) connects the antenna to the RFID scanner 5 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) attached to the metal structure in a space 13 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4), the space 13 is located below the rotary table 8 (fig. 2, 3, 4) of the drilling machine, and the network switch 6 (fig. 1) is connected to the RFID scanner 5 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) by a connection cable 10 (fig. 1), and the local server 7 (fig. 1) with the original software (software) is located in the cabin of the operator in a space 14 (fig. 1) above the rotary table 8 of the drilling machine (fig. 2, 3, 4).
The RFID antenna 3 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) is placed in the apex of a regular polygon, the centre of which is the rotation axis of the drill pipe 1 (fig. 4), which is located in the same horizontal plane as the centre of the RFID antenna 3 (fig. 4), the RFID antenna 3 is oriented perpendicular to the rotation axis of the pipe 1 (fig. 4) of the horizontal plane, and which is located in a space 13 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) below the rotation stage of the drilling machine 8 (fig. 2, 3, 4), which is at least 30 cm and not more than one meter from the outer surface of the drill pipe 1 (fig. 1, 2, 4). The cable length from the fixed entry RFID scanner 5 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) to the RFID antenna 3 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) should not exceed 10 meters.
The network switch 6 (fig. 1) is connected to the RFID scanner 5 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) by a connection cable 9 (fig. 1), and the connection cable 10 (fig. 1) is connected to a local server 7 (fig. 1) with the original software. The network exchange 6 (fig. 1) and the local server 7 (fig. 1) are located in the cabin of the drilling operator in a space 14 (fig. 1) above the rotary table 8 (fig. 2, 3, 4) of the drilling machine.
Claims (1)
1. An automated measurement system for reading radio frequency identification, RFID, tags during drilling, the automated measurement system being mounted on an oil and gas drilling apparatus above a wellhead of a well being drilled, the automated measurement system comprising: RFID antenna, fixed RFID scanner, network switch, local server, connecting cable, and, automatic measurement system's characterized in that:
the number of RFID antennas is at most 4,
the RFID antennas are mounted at equal distances from each other, forming a regular polygon,
the RFID antenna is mounted at the vertex of a regular polygon, the centre of which is the point of the drill pipe rotation axis, in the same horizontal plane as the centre of the RFID antenna,
the surface plane of the RFID antenna is oriented perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drill pipe,
the distance from the RFID antenna to the outer surface of the RFID-tagged drill pipe must be at least 30 cm,
the distance from the RFID antenna to the outside of the RFID-tagged drill pipe must be no more than one meter,
the length of the connection cable from the RFID antenna to the stationary RFID scanner must not exceed 10 meters,
the RFID antenna is placed under the turntable of the drilling machine and attached to the metal structure of the turntable base,
placing a stationary RFID scanner in a space below a rotary table of the drilling machine,
placing the stationary RFID scanner in an explosion proof box mounted in a space below the rotary table of the drilling machine,
the network switch and the local server are placed in the cabin of the drilling operator in the space above the rotary table of the drilling machine.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2020143437A RU2769753C1 (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Automated measuring system for reading the radio frequency identification rfid tag during drilling |
| RU2020143437 | 2020-12-28 | ||
| PCT/RU2021/000595 WO2022146187A1 (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-27 | Automated measuring system for reading an rfid tag during drilling |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116635865A true CN116635865A (en) | 2023-08-22 |
Family
ID=81075924
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202180086690.5A Pending CN116635865A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-27 | Automatic measurement system for reading RFID tags during drilling |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116635865A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2769753C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022146187A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7293715B2 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2007-11-13 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Marking system and method |
| US20090055293A1 (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-02-26 | Mueller Timothy J | System for managing inventories comprising downhole tools used in the drilling, completion, and production of oil and gas wells |
| US9035789B2 (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2015-05-19 | Hm Energy, Llc | Method and apparatus for automatic down-hole asset monitoring |
| NO2676456T3 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2018-08-25 | ||
| GB2488186B (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2013-06-19 | Tech27 Systems Ltd | Improved antenna deployment |
-
2020
- 2020-12-28 RU RU2020143437A patent/RU2769753C1/en active
-
2021
- 2021-12-27 WO PCT/RU2021/000595 patent/WO2022146187A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-12-27 CN CN202180086690.5A patent/CN116635865A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022146187A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
| RU2769753C1 (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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