CN116632552A - Dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial, radome and antenna system - Google Patents

Dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial, radome and antenna system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116632552A
CN116632552A CN202310841575.5A CN202310841575A CN116632552A CN 116632552 A CN116632552 A CN 116632552A CN 202310841575 A CN202310841575 A CN 202310841575A CN 116632552 A CN116632552 A CN 116632552A
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China
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frequency end
coil
low
straight edge
longest straight
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Inventor
吴微微
史桐桐
马育红
颜雨晨
王少植
许逸轩
胡学溢
袁乃昌
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National University of Defense Technology
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National University of Defense Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/364—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

A dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial, a radome and an antenna system thereof are characterized in that the electromagnetic metamaterial is virtually divided into a plurality of periodically arranged square unit structures, each square unit structure comprises two identical dielectric substrates, an air layer is arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, bright mode resonator units are respectively arranged on one surface of each dielectric substrate along the x direction and the y direction, each bright mode resonator unit comprises a high-frequency end electric dipole opposite to the inner side and a low-frequency end electric dipole opposite to the outer side, dark mode resonator units are respectively arranged on the other surface of each dielectric substrate along the x direction and the y direction, each dark mode resonator unit comprises a high-frequency end comb tooth coil and a low-frequency end comb tooth coil which respectively correspond to the high-frequency end electric dipoles and the low-frequency end electric dipoles, and the resonator distribution of the two dielectric substrates is consistent along any direction of x, y and z. The invention has the advantages of wave absorption band and wave transmission band, ultra-low section, ultra-wide passband and easy conformal.

Description

Dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial, radome and antenna system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic metamaterials, in particular to a dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterials, an antenna housing and an antenna system thereof.
Background
In the field of radar communication system radome application, there is a clear need for radomes that are electromagnetically transparent in broadband and that are stealth out-of-band. The radome can be realized by using a wave-absorbing-wave-transmitting-absorbing (A-T-A) electromagnetic metamaterial with wave-transmitting and wave-absorbing functions. Currently, the mainstream design of A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial is realized by separating a wave-transmitting screen and a wave-absorbing screen by a quarter of an air space. In the wave-absorbing frequency band, the electromagnetic property of the wave-transmitting screen is equivalent to a metal reflecting screen. When an electromagnetic wave is incident, the wave-transparent screen reflects the wave back. At the front quarter wavelength of the wave-transmitting screen, the incident wave and the reflected wave are superposed in phase, so that the energy is maximum and is just absorbed by the wave-absorbing screen. In the wave-transparent frequency band, the equivalent circuits of the wave-transparent screen and the wave-absorbing screen are similar to the parallel LC resonance circuit, because the structure is open-circuited for electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetic waves are not absorbed, namely the electromagnetic waves smoothly pass through the A-T-A metamaterial. The wave-transmitting frequency band of the A-T-A metamaterial is narrow and limited by the quarter-wavelength air interval, so that the ultra-thin, low-profile and easy conformal structure are difficult to realize. The practical engineering application requirements of the special-shaped radome with broadband electromagnetic transparency and out-of-band electromagnetic stealth can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a dual-polarized ultra-thin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial with an ultra-low section and an ultra-wide passband and having a wave-absorbing frequency band and a wave-transmitting frequency band, an antenna housing and an antenna system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
according to one aspect of the invention, a dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial is provided, the dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial is virtually divided into a plurality of periodically arranged square unit structures, each square unit structure comprises two identical dielectric substrates, each two identical dielectric substrates are parallel and opposite to each other through an air layer, a bright mode resonator unit is respectively arranged on one surface of each dielectric substrate along the x direction and the y direction, each bright mode resonator unit comprises a high-frequency end electric dipole opposite to the inner side and a low-frequency end electric dipole opposite to the outer side, a dark mode resonator unit is respectively arranged on the other surface along the x direction and the y direction, each dark mode resonator unit comprises a high-frequency end comb tooth coil and a low-frequency end comb tooth coil which respectively correspond to the high-frequency end electric dipoles and the low-frequency end electric dipoles, and the resonators of the two dielectric substrates are uniformly distributed along any one direction of x, y and z.
In one embodiment, on the dielectric substrate, the bright mode resonator unit and the dark mode resonator unit along the x direction are symmetrically distributed with the bright mode resonator unit and the dark mode resonator unit along the y direction respectively about a diagonal line of the square unit structure.
In one embodiment, the high-frequency end electric dipole is formed by two high-frequency end bright mode vibrators arranged at intervals on the dielectric substrate, and the low-frequency end electric dipole is formed by two low-frequency end bright mode vibrators arranged at intervals.
In one embodiment, the high-frequency end bright mode vibrator and the low-frequency end bright mode vibrator are both designed to be rectangular, the length of the rectangular low-frequency end bright mode vibrator is 2.5-3.5 mm, the width of the rectangular low-frequency end bright mode vibrator is 0.3-1.5 mm, and the interval between two adjacent low-frequency end bright mode vibrators along the length direction is 0.2-1 mm; the length of the rectangular high-frequency end bright mode vibrator is 1-3 mm, the width of the rectangular high-frequency end bright mode vibrator is 0.2-1 mm, and the interval between two adjacent high-frequency end bright mode vibrators along the length direction is 0.2-0.5 mm.
In one embodiment, the high-frequency end comb coil comprises a convex peripheral coil and an inner comb structure distributed on the longest straight edge of the peripheral coil, the longest straight edge is parallel to the side length of the square unit structure, the peripheral coil protrudes towards the direction close to the center of the square unit structure, at the diagonal line, the opposite edge of the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil in the x direction is connected with the opposite edge of the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil in the y direction through a microstrip line, and the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil is connected with the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil in the y direction through a lumped resistor; the shape of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil is the same as that of the high-frequency end comb tooth coil, the outer periphery coil of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil protrudes towards the direction away from the center of the square unit structure, the opposite side of the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil in the x direction is connected with the opposite side of the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil in the y direction through a microstrip line, the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil in the x direction is connected with the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil in the y direction through a lumped resistor, and the inner comb tooth structure of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil is connected with the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil through the lumped resistor.
In one embodiment, the length of the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb coil is 7-8 mm, and the width from the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb coil to the opposite edge of the longest straight edge is 0.5-1.5 mm; the length of the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil is 4-6 mm, and the width from the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil to the opposite edge of the high-frequency end comb coil is 0.5-1.2 mm.
In one embodiment, the low-frequency end comb coil comprises three inner comb structures which are distributed at intervals, the inner comb structures are perpendicular to the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb coil, the length of the inner comb structures is 0.3-0.8 mm, and the width of the inner comb structures is 0.2-1 mm; the high-frequency end comb tooth coil comprises three inner comb tooth structures which are distributed at intervals, the inner comb tooth structures are perpendicular to the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb tooth coil, the length of each inner comb tooth structure is 0.3-0.8 mm, and the width of each inner comb tooth structure is 0.2-0.5 mm.
In one embodiment, the side length of the square structural unit is 8-12 mm, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 2.2-4, the loss angle is 0.001-0.03, the thickness is 0.5-2 mm, and the bright mode resonator and the dark mode resonator on the surface of the dielectric substrate are designed into gold foil/silver foil/copper foil with the thickness of 0.017-0.035 mm.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a radome comprising a dual polarized ultra-thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial as defined in any one of the preceding claims.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna system comprising an antenna and a radome as described above, said radome being provided on said antenna.
Unlike the wave absorption principle of the mainstream design mentioned in the background art, the dual-polarized ultra-thin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial is designed based on the electromagnetic induction wave absorption (Electromagnetically Induced Absorption, EIA) principle. This principle is an innovation of electromagnetic induction transparency (Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, EIT) technology, which originates from quantum physics, a technology that removes the effects of electromagnetic waves as they propagate in a medium.
The invention designs a metamaterial structural unit based on an electromagnetic induction wave absorption principle, and provides a novel dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial, wherein a bright mode resonator on the metamaterial is an electric dipole excitation mode capable of being directly excited by incident waves, a dark mode resonator is formed by electromagnetic coupling between the bright mode resonator and the dark mode resonator, and electromagnetic energy is absorbed by loading a resistor on a dark mode resonance structure. In the frequency band of 14.6 GHz-18.2 GHz, an ultra-wide passband with an absolute bandwidth of 3.6GHz and a relative bandwidth of 21.9% is realized, and simultaneously, two wave-absorbing frequency bands with wave-absorbing bandwidths of nearly 1GHz are respectively appeared from 13.2 GHz-14 GHz and from 18.7 GHz-19.4 GHz, and simultaneously, the wave-absorbing frequency band and the wave-transmitting frequency band are provided, and the relative bandwidth of the wave-transmitting frequency band reaches 21.9%, which is generally superior to other A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterials; in addition, the thickness of the metamaterial design can be as low as 3mm, the metamaterial belongs to an ultra-thin A-T-A metamaterial, is a wave-absorbing-wave-transmitting-absorbing metamaterial with an ultra-low section and an ultra-wide passband and easy to be conformal, and provides a new technical way for realizing the special-shaped radome with the broadband electromagnetic transparency and the out-of-band stealth of the radar communication system. Correspondingly, the antenna housing and the antenna system manufactured by the dual-polarized ultra-thin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial can realize broadband electromagnetic transparency and electromagnetic characteristics of out-of-band wave absorption.
Other advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side view of a square unit structure of one embodiment of a dual polarized ultra-thin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric substrate, a bright mode resonator and a dark mode resonator with square unit structures, wherein the specific arrangement of lumped resistors on the dark mode resonator is omitted, and the specific arrangement mode of the lumped resistors of the dark mode resonator is shown in fig. 4 in detail;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a bright mode resonator, wherein the boundaries of the dielectric substrate are shown with dashed lines;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a dark mode resonator, wherein the boundaries of the dielectric substrate are shown with dashed lines;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the transmission/reflection characteristics of a single square cell structure when the spacing between one dielectric substrate and another dielectric substrate is 2 mm;
fig. 6 shows the transmission/reflection characteristics of a single square cell structure when the spacing between one dielectric substrate and another dielectric substrate is 3 mm.
Reference numerals illustrate: 10 dielectric substrate, 101 bright mode resonator, 1011 low frequency side bright mode vibrator, 1012 low frequency side bright mode vibrator, 1013 low frequency side bright mode vibrator, 1014 low frequency side bright mode vibrator, 1015 high frequency side bright mode vibrator, 1016 high frequency side bright mode vibrator, 1017 high frequency side bright mode vibrator, 1018 high frequency side bright mode vibrator, 102 dark mode resonator, 1021 high frequency side comb teeth coil, 10211 internal comb teeth structure, 1022 high frequency side comb teeth coil, 10221 internal comb teeth structure, 1023 low frequency side comb teeth coil, 10231 internal comb teeth structure, 1024 low frequency side comb teeth coil, 10241 internal comb teeth structure, 1031 lumped resistance, 1032 lumped resistance, 1033 lumped resistance, 1034 lumped resistance, 20 dielectric substrate, 201 bright mode resonator, 202 dark mode resonator.
Detailed Description
For further explanation of the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like parts.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, the dual-polarized ultra-thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial is virtually divided into a plurality of periodically arranged square unit structures, in this embodiment, the square unit structures include a dielectric substrate 10 and a dielectric substrate 20 made of non-conductive materials with parallel and opposite air-isolation layers and identical size structures, and resonators on surfaces of the dielectric substrate 10 and the dielectric substrate 20 are uniformly distributed along any direction of x, y and z, and two-dimensional plane dimensions of the square unit structures are 10mm by 10mm. The dielectric substrate 10 will be described as an example.
In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 10 and the dielectric substrate 20 are separated by an air space of 2mm, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 10 is 1mm, the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 10 is etched with the bright mode resonator 101, and the lower surface is etched with the dark mode resonator 102. In this embodiment, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is optimized by comprehensively considering the wave absorption/transmission characteristics, the total weight of the whole structure, the total section height, and other factors, and the air space of 2mm is a value optimized according to the wave transmission performance and the wave absorption performance.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 10, a high-frequency side electric dipole and a low-frequency side electric dipole are etched in the y direction, the low-frequency side electric dipole is composed of a low-frequency side bright mode oscillator 1011 and a low-frequency side bright mode oscillator 1012 which are arranged at intervals, the high-frequency side electric dipole is composed of a high-frequency side bright mode oscillator 1015 and a high-frequency side bright mode oscillator 1016 which are arranged at intervals, the high-frequency side bright mode oscillator 1015 and the high-frequency side bright mode oscillator 1016 are opposite to each other, the low-frequency side bright mode oscillator 1011 and the low-frequency side bright mode oscillator 1012 are opposite to each other, the low-frequency side bright mode oscillators 1011 and 1012 with relatively large dimensions are arranged on the outer sides, and the high-frequency side bright mode oscillators 1015 and 1016 with relatively small dimensions are arranged on the outer sides, so that the occurrence of a short circuit of a metal coil in the x direction and the y direction can be avoided. Similarly, in the x-direction, the dielectric substrate 10 is etched with the low-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1013, the low-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1014, the high-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1017, and the high-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1018 at the corresponding positions, and the low-frequency side bright mode vibrators 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014 are identical in shape and size, and the high-frequency side bright mode vibrators 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018 are identical in shape and size. The low-frequency side bright mode oscillators 1011, 1012 and the high-frequency side bright mode oscillators 1015, 1016 correspond to polarization in the y direction, the low-frequency side bright mode oscillators 1013, 1014 and the high-frequency side bright mode oscillators 1017, 1018 correspond to polarization in the x direction, and the 8 bright mode oscillators are metal microstrip bright mode oscillators.
The lower surface of the dielectric substrate 10 is respectively etched with a low-frequency end comb coil 1021, a high-frequency end comb coil 1023, a low-frequency end comb coil 1022 and a high-frequency end comb coil 1024 along the x direction and the y direction, the shape and the size of the low-frequency end comb coil 1021 are consistent with those of the low-frequency end comb coil 1022, the low-frequency end comb coil 1021 is directly connected with the low-frequency end comb coil 1022 through a metal microstrip line, and the shape and the size of the high-frequency end comb coil 1023 are consistent with those of the high-frequency end comb coil 1024 through a metal microstrip line.
On the dielectric substrate 10, the low-frequency side comb-teeth coil 1021 is approximately aligned with a low-frequency side electric dipole composed of the low-frequency side bright-mode vibrator 1011 and the low-frequency side bright-mode vibrator 1012, and the high-frequency side comb-teeth coil 1023 is approximately aligned with a high-frequency side electric dipole composed of the high-frequency side bright-mode vibrator 1015 and the high-frequency side bright-mode vibrator 1016. On the dielectric substrate 10, the low-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1011, the low-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1012, the high-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1015, the high-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1016, the low-frequency side comb-tooth coil 1021, the high-frequency side comb-tooth coil 1023, and the low-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1013, the low-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1014, the high-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1018, the high-frequency side bright mode vibrator 1017, the low-frequency side comb-tooth coil 1022, and the high-frequency side comb-tooth coil 1024 are symmetrically arranged with respect to a diagonal line of the square cell structure.
Specifically, the low-frequency side bright mode vibrators 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014 and the high-frequency side bright mode vibrators 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018 are rectangular, the length of the low-frequency side bright mode vibrators 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014 is 3mm, the width is 0.9mm, and the interval between two adjacent low-frequency side bright mode vibrators is 0.5mm; the length of the high-frequency end bright mode vibrators 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018 is 2mm, the width is 0.4mm, and the interval between two adjacent high-frequency end bright mode vibrators is 0.5mm.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, on the medium substrate 10, the shape and the size of the low-frequency end comb coil 1021 are consistent with those of the low-frequency end comb coil 1022, the shape and the size of the high-frequency end comb coil 1023 are consistent with those of the high-frequency end comb coil 1024, the high-frequency end comb coil 1023 includes an outer peripheral coil in a convex shape and an inner comb structure 10231 distributed on the longest straight edge of the outer peripheral coil, the longest straight edge of the inner comb structure is parallel to the side length of the square unit structure, the outer peripheral coil protrudes towards the direction close to the center of the square unit structure, the longest straight edge is not connected with the opposite edge when extending to the diagonal of the square unit structure, at the diagonal of the square unit structure, the opposite edge of the longest straight edge of the y-direction high-frequency end comb coil 1023 is connected with the longest straight edge of the x-direction high-frequency comb coil 1024 through a metal microstrip 1024, and the longest straight edge of the y-direction high-frequency comb coil 1024 is connected with the longest straight edge of the x-direction high-frequency comb coil 1024 through the microstrip 1024; the shape of the low-frequency end comb coil 1021 is the same as that of the 1023 high-frequency end comb coil, the outer periphery coil of the low-frequency end comb coil 1021 protrudes in a direction away from the center of the square unit structure, at the diagonal of the square unit structure, the opposite side of the longest straight edge of the y-direction low-frequency end comb coil 1021 is connected with the opposite side of the longest straight edge of the x-direction low-frequency end comb coil 1022 through microstrip lines, the longest straight edge of the y-direction low-frequency end comb coil 1021 is connected with the longest straight edge of the x-direction low-frequency end comb coil 1022 through lumped resistor 1031, a lumped resistor 1032 is connected between the inner comb structure 10211 of the y-direction low-frequency end comb coil 1021 and the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb coil 1021, and a lumped resistor 1033 is connected between the inner comb structure 10221 of the x-direction low-frequency end comb coil 1022 and the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb coil 1022. In the dark mode resonator 102, the lumped resistance is placed according to the principles of highest absorption efficiency, least number of resistances, and lowest cost.
Specifically, the length of the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb coil 1021 is 8mm, the width from the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb coil 1021 to the opposite edge thereof is 1mm, the number of the internal comb structures 10211 in the low-frequency end comb coil 1021 is three, the three internal comb structures 10211 are distributed at intervals, the internal comb structures 10211 are perpendicular to the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb coil 1021, and the length of the internal comb structures 10211 is 0.6mm and the width is 0.5mm; the length of the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil 1023 is 6mm, the width from the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil 1023 to the opposite edge thereof is 0.8mm, the number of the internal comb structures 10231 in the high-frequency end comb coil 1023 is three, the three internal comb structures 10231 are distributed at intervals, the internal comb structures 10231 are perpendicular to the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil 1023, and the length of the internal comb structures 10231 is 0.5mm and the width is 0.2mm.
In the present embodiment, the dielectric substrate 10 has a dielectric constant of 2.8 and a loss angle of 0.015, and the bright mode resonator 101 and the dark mode resonator 102 on the surface of the dielectric substrate 10 are designed as gold foils having a thickness of 0.025 mm.
In other embodiments, the bright mode resonator 101 and the dark mode resonator 102 on the surface of the dielectric substrate 10 may also be silver foil/copper foil with a thickness between 0.017 and 0.035 mm.
FIG. 5 shows the transmission/reflection characteristics of a single square unit structure in which the pitch between the dielectric substrate 10 and the dielectric substrate 20 is 2mm, and the transmission passband (S 11 Less than or equal to-10 dB and S 21 Not less than-3 dB) is from 14.6GHz to 18.2GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 3.6GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 21.9%; wave-absorbing frequency band (S) 11 Less than or equal to-10 dB and S 21 -10 dB) from 13.2GHz to 14GHz, and from 18.7GHz to 19.4GHz, respectively. Fig. 6 shows the transmission/reflection characteristics of a single square unit structure with a 3mm spacing between the dielectric substrate 10 and the dielectric substrate 20, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that the transmission passband is from 14.9GHz to 17.9GHz with an absolute bandwidth of 3GHz and a relative bandwidth of 18.2% with an air spacing of 3 mm. The frequency band of the wave absorbing wave is from 12.5GHz to 13.9GHz, and from 18.8GHz to 19.5GHz, respectively. Based on this, an air space of 2mm was taken as an optimum value.
The dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial provided by the invention has the advantages that the bright mode resonator is an electric dipole excitation mode capable of being directly excited by incident waves, the dark mode resonator is formed by electromagnetic coupling between the bright mode resonator and the dark mode resonator, and the electromagnetic energy is absorbed by loading a resistor on the dark mode resonance structure. In the frequency band of 14.6 GHz-18.2 GHz, an ultra-wide passband with an absolute bandwidth of 3.6GHz and a relative bandwidth of 21.9% is realized, and simultaneously, two wave-absorbing frequency bands with wave-absorbing bandwidths of nearly 1GHz are respectively appeared from 13.2 GHz-14 GHz and from 18.7 GHz-19.4 GHz, and simultaneously, the wave-absorbing frequency band and the wave-transmitting frequency band are provided, and the relative bandwidth of the wave-transmitting frequency band reaches 21.9%, which is generally superior to other A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterials; in addition, the thickness of the metamaterial design can be as low as 3mm, the metamaterial belongs to an ultra-thin A-T-A metamaterial, is a wave-absorbing-wave-transmitting-absorbing metamaterial with an ultra-low section and an ultra-wide passband and easy to be conformal, and provides a new technical way for realizing the special-shaped radome with the broadband electromagnetic transparency and the out-of-band stealth of the radar communication system. Correspondingly, the antenna housing and the antenna system manufactured by the dual-polarized ultra-thin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial can achieve the electromagnetic characteristics of broadband electromagnetic transparency and out-of-band wave absorption.
In the foregoing, only the embodiments of the present invention have been described, and it should be noted that any changes and substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial is characterized in that the dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial is virtually divided into a plurality of periodically arranged square unit structures, each square unit structure comprises two identical dielectric substrates, air isolation layers are parallel and opposite to each other, bright mode resonator units are respectively arranged on one surface of each dielectric substrate along the x direction and the y direction, each bright mode resonator unit comprises a high-frequency end electric dipole opposite to the inner side and a low-frequency end electric dipole opposite to the outer side, dark mode resonator units are respectively arranged on the other surface along the x direction and the y direction, each dark mode resonator unit comprises a high-frequency end comb tooth coil and a low-frequency end comb tooth coil which respectively correspond to each of the high-frequency end electric dipoles and the low-frequency end electric dipoles, and the resonator distribution of the two dielectric substrates is consistent along any direction of x, y and z.
2. The dual polarized ultra-thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the bright mode resonator unit and the dark mode resonator unit along the x direction are symmetrically distributed on the dielectric substrate along a diagonal line of the square unit structure respectively with the bright mode resonator unit and the dark mode resonator unit along the y direction.
3. The dual polarized ultra-thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the high frequency end electric dipole is composed of two high frequency end bright mode vibrators arranged at intervals on the dielectric substrate, and the low frequency end electric dipole is composed of two low frequency end bright mode vibrators arranged at intervals.
4. The dual-polarized ultra-thin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial according to claim 3, wherein the high-frequency end bright mode vibrator and the low-frequency end bright mode vibrator are respectively designed into a rectangle, the length of the rectangular low-frequency end bright mode vibrator is 2.5-3.5 mm, the width is 0.3-1.5 mm, and the interval between two adjacent low-frequency end bright mode vibrators along the length direction is 0.2-1 mm; the length of the rectangular high-frequency end bright mode vibrator is 1-3 mm, the width of the rectangular high-frequency end bright mode vibrator is 0.2-1 mm, and the interval between two adjacent high-frequency end bright mode vibrators along the length direction is 0.2-0.5 mm.
5. The dual polarized ultra-thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the high frequency end comb teeth coil comprises a convex peripheral coil and an inner comb teeth structure distributed on the longest straight edge of the peripheral coil, the longest straight edge is parallel to the side length of the square unit structure, the peripheral coil protrudes towards the direction close to the center of the square unit structure, at the diagonal, the opposite edge of the longest straight edge of the high frequency end comb teeth coil in x direction is connected with the opposite edge of the longest straight edge of the high frequency end comb teeth coil in y direction through a microstrip line, and the longest straight edge of the high frequency end comb teeth coil is connected with the longest straight edge of the high frequency end comb teeth coil in y direction through a lumped resistor; the shape of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil is the same as that of the high-frequency end comb tooth coil, the outer periphery coil of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil protrudes towards the direction away from the center of the square unit structure, the opposite side of the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil in the x direction is connected with the opposite side of the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil in the y direction through a microstrip line, the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil in the x direction is connected with the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil in the y direction through a lumped resistor, and the inner comb tooth structure of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil is connected with the longest straight edge of the low-frequency end comb tooth coil through the lumped resistor.
6. The dual polarized ultra-thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial according to claim 5, wherein the length of the longest straight edge of the low frequency end comb coil is 7-8 mm, and the width from the longest straight edge of the low frequency end comb coil to the opposite edge thereof is 0.5-1.5 mm; the length of the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil is 4-6 mm, and the width from the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb coil to the opposite edge of the high-frequency end comb coil is 0.5-1.2 mm.
7. The dual polarized ultra-thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial according to claim 6, wherein the low frequency end comb coil comprises three inner comb structures which are distributed at intervals, wherein the inner comb structures are perpendicular to the longest straight edge of the low frequency end comb coil, and the length of the inner comb structures is 0.3-0.8 mm, and the width of the inner comb structures is 0.2-1 mm; the high-frequency end comb tooth coil comprises three inner comb tooth structures which are distributed at intervals, the inner comb tooth structures are perpendicular to the longest straight edge of the high-frequency end comb tooth coil, the length of each inner comb tooth structure is 0.3-0.8 mm, and the width of each inner comb tooth structure is 0.2-0.5 mm.
8. The dual polarized ultra thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the square structural unit has a side length of 8 to 12mm, the dielectric substrate has a dielectric constant of 2.2 to 4, a loss angle of 0.001 to 0.03 and a thickness of 0.5 to 2mm, and the bright mode resonator and the dark mode resonator on the surface of the dielectric substrate are designed as gold foil/silver foil/copper foil with a thickness of 0.017 to 0.035 mm.
9. A radome comprising a dual polarized ultra-thin a-T-a electromagnetic metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An antenna system comprising an antenna and the radome of claim 9, wherein the radome is provided on the antenna.
CN202310841575.5A 2023-07-10 2023-07-10 Dual-polarized ultrathin A-T-A electromagnetic metamaterial, radome and antenna system Pending CN116632552A (en)

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