CN116630872A - Building site safety monitoring method based on three-dimensional modeling - Google Patents
Building site safety monitoring method based on three-dimensional modeling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a safety monitoring method of a building site based on three-dimensional modeling, which relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of the building site, and aims to realize more comprehensive monitoring of the building site, and comprises the steps of collecting pictures of all areas in the building site; collecting the real-time position of staff in a construction site; constructing a real-time three-dimensional model of a building site map through the picture of the whole area in the building site and the real-time position of the staff; carrying out real-time accident monitoring, abnormal situation monitoring and site area monitoring on a safety monitoring target through a plurality of groups of sensors and the real-time three-dimensional model; and remotely reporting the results of the accident monitoring, the abnormal situation monitoring and the site area monitoring. The invention has the advantages of comprehensive monitoring and reducing the accident rate of the construction site.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building site safety monitoring, in particular to a building site safety monitoring method based on three-dimensional modeling.
Background
The building site refers to a site where civil engineering is being developed in the building project, and the range of the site is often enclosed by coamings, wire meshes or enclosing walls, so that personnel, materials, machinery and vehicles are restricted from entering and exiting.
Because of the complex geographical environment and equipment placement conditions within the building site, the building site is also a high incidence of various accidents. The existing monitoring system in the building site is single and simple, is mainly aimed at monitoring abnormal intrusion and common environments, is difficult to realize omnibearing monitoring of the condition of the building site, and is still difficult to control the generation of negative events such as accidents.
To better reduce the incidence of accidents within a construction site, a more comprehensive monitoring of the construction site is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safety monitoring method for a building site based on three-dimensional modeling, which aims to realize more comprehensive monitoring of the building site.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for safety monitoring of a building site based on three-dimensional modeling, comprising the steps of:
collecting pictures of the whole area in the construction site;
collecting the real-time position of staff in a construction site;
constructing a real-time three-dimensional model of a building site map through the picture of the whole area in the building site and the real-time position of the staff;
carrying out real-time accident monitoring, abnormal situation monitoring and site area monitoring on a safety monitoring target through a plurality of groups of sensors and the real-time three-dimensional model;
and remotely reporting the results of the accident monitoring, the abnormal situation monitoring and the site area monitoring.
Preferably, the method for constructing the real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map through the pictures of the whole area in the building site and the real-time positions of the staff comprises the following steps:
installing a plurality of binocular cameras within a building site;
starting a binocular camera to acquire pictures of the whole area in the construction site, and obtaining image data and corresponding three-dimensional coordinate information;
constructing a three-dimensional model of the building site map according to the image data and the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate information;
identifying a human body through a binocular camera in real time and obtaining human body position information through global coordinates corresponding to the position of the human body;
and adding the human body position information to the three-dimensional model of the building site map to obtain a real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map.
Preferably, the accident monitoring includes fire monitoring, equipment failure monitoring and personnel safety monitoring or accident monitoring.
Preferably, the fire monitoring is realized by arranging a plurality of smoke alarms outdoors and arranging a camera indoors and carrying out fog state identification through the image acquisition result of the camera; the equipment fault monitoring is realized by setting an operation state monitoring module for each piece of equipment; fall detection is performed by collecting the gestures of staff in the building site to realize safety monitoring or accident monitoring.
Preferably, the abnormal situation monitoring includes monitoring displacement and toppling of the object.
Preferably, the method for monitoring displacement and dumping of the key monitoring object comprises the following steps:
selecting and marking a plurality of groups of key monitoring objects, and extracting a reference top view according to the real-time three-dimensional model to set a warning area for each key monitoring object as a monitoring box of the key monitoring object;
extracting a monitoring box on a key monitoring object when no abnormality occurs as a reference box;
periodically extracting a top view for inspection through the real-time three-dimensional model, wherein a monitoring box on the key monitoring object is used as an inspection box;
the reference frame and the check frame are circumscribed quadrilaterals of circumscribed circles of the top view of the key monitoring object;
combining the top view for inspection and the top view for reference, calculating the overlapping area of the inspection box and the reference box:
and if the overlapping area is less than 85% of the total area of the reference square frame, judging that the displacement and/or tilting of the key monitoring object occur, and carrying out equipment displacement and tilting early warning.
Preferably, the abnormal situation monitoring further comprises safety distance monitoring;
setting a safety distance for each key monitoring object;
installing a positioning device in a worker safety helmet, displaying the real-time position of a worker on a three-dimensional model by positioning when the worker is indoors, and importing worker information;
and when the worker approaches the key monitoring object, namely the distance from the real-time position of the worker to the checking box is smaller than the safety distance of the corresponding key monitoring object, carrying out safety distance early warning, and assisting in positioning the position of the worker and extracting the worker information.
Preferably, the site environment monitoring is implemented by a weather monitoring module.
Preferably, the object monitored by the weather monitoring module comprises future wind power, rainfall grade, lightning condition, extreme high temperature weather and extreme low temperature weather;
acquiring the topography condition of each region in the building site according to the real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map;
setting a rainfall grade threshold for each area according to the topography of each area;
and when the rainfall occurs in the future, sending out early warning if the rainfall level is greater than the rainfall level threshold value of a certain area.
Preferably, the navigation of the intelligent trolley and the navigation of the intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle are realized through the real-time three-dimensional model.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention monitors various conditions, including accidents which are easy to happen on the construction site, the environment in which the construction site is positioned, any abnormal conditions in the construction site and the like, has comprehensive monitoring range, and can more timely and effectively discover hidden trouble conditions on various construction sites;
the invention can realize fire monitoring and equipment fault monitoring in accident monitoring through the conventional sensor, and can realize convenient implementation through pose detection in the safety accident monitoring of staff;
the invention mainly monitors the displacement and dumping of the monitored object in an important way for monitoring the abnormal situation, and can simultaneously consider the displacement and dumping of the monitored object through one operation step, thereby reducing the operation quantity;
the invention can realize the intelligent trolley navigation and the intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle navigation on the completed three-dimensional modeling, can realize purposeful navigation for the vehicle travel and aerial photography on the site or based on the intelligent trolley navigation, such as realizing material transportation by using the intelligent trolley;
the method is mainly based on three-dimensional modeling, is mature and excellent, is easy to realize and is convenient to popularize and apply.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a three-dimensional modeling-based safety monitoring method for a construction site according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a case of monitoring displacement and tilting of an important monitored object according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an example of calculating the distance from the real-time position of the staff member to the inspection box according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship in which a product of the application is conventionally put in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it is not indicated or implied that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a safety monitoring method for a building site based on three-dimensional modeling, which includes the following steps:
step S1: collecting pictures of the whole area in the construction site;
step S2: collecting the real-time position of staff in a construction site;
step S3: constructing a real-time three-dimensional model of a building site map through the picture of the whole area in the building site and the real-time position of the staff;
step S4: carrying out real-time accident monitoring, abnormal situation monitoring and site area monitoring on a safety monitoring target through a plurality of groups of sensors and the real-time three-dimensional model;
step S5: and remotely reporting the results of the accident monitoring, the abnormal situation monitoring and the site area monitoring.
The method comprises the following modules, namely an image acquisition module, a three-dimensional model construction module, a personnel positioning module, an intelligent safety real-time monitoring module and a monitoring platform;
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring pictures of the whole area in the building site, wherein the image acquisition module can adopt the arrangement of a plurality of groups of cameras, and the pictures of the whole area are acquired through the cameras so as to realize three-dimensional processing such as splicing of the images;
the personnel positioning module is used for collecting the real-time position of the staff in the construction site; setting a three-dimensional model construction module for constructing a real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map according to the acquisition contents of the image acquisition module and the personnel positioning module; the intelligent safety real-time monitoring module is used for carrying out real-time accident monitoring, abnormal situation monitoring and site environment monitoring on the safety monitoring target; a monitoring platform may also be provided for receiving and displaying the real-time three-dimensional model so that the site situation may be visualized.
And carrying out remote reporting on the results of the accident monitoring, the abnormal situation monitoring and the site area monitoring, and specially setting abnormal early warning in the reporting process. The results of the unexpected event monitoring, abnormal situation monitoring and site area monitoring include the monitored object, the monitored status structure and the location of the object.
In summary, the conditions in the construction site are monitored in an omnibearing manner, and corresponding operation problems and accidents are positioned, displayed and marked on the monitoring platform timely and conveniently.
In particular, all the calculation and judgment can be realized by the processing module by integrating the data into the processing module.
The three-dimensional modeling has the main effects that the positions of the workers can be identified more accurately, three-dimensional display can be performed more intuitively, and the rear-end workers can check conveniently. And in addition, when the monitored abnormality occurs, the abnormal occurrence place can be accurately and intuitively detected and displayed, and excellent guarantee can be provided for the addition of the follow-up more accurate navigation functions and the like, and further guarantee is provided for the safety of the construction site.
Example 2
The present embodiment further describes a method for acquiring the real-time position of a worker in a construction site based on the technical solution of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the method for collecting the real-time position of the staff in the building site in step S2 is as follows:
installing a plurality of binocular cameras within a building site;
starting a binocular camera to acquire pictures of the whole area in the construction site, and obtaining image data and corresponding three-dimensional coordinate information;
constructing a three-dimensional model of the building site map according to the image data and the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate information; when a three-dimensional model of a building site map is constructed, technologies such as computer vision, image recognition and the like are generally adopted to finish the construction;
identifying a human body through a binocular camera in real time and obtaining human body position information through global coordinates corresponding to the position of the human body;
and adding the human body position information to the three-dimensional model of the building site map to obtain a real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map.
In particular, the three-dimensional model of the building site map may change after a period of time, so the embodiment can reconstruct the three-dimensional model of the building site map periodically, so as to construct an accurate real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map with the human body position information acquired in real time.
Example 3
The present embodiment further describes accident monitoring in step S4 based on the technical scheme of embodiment 1.
As a preferable mode of the present embodiment, the accident monitoring includes fire monitoring, equipment failure monitoring, and worker safety monitoring or accident monitoring.
Further, the fire monitoring can be achieved by arranging a plurality of smoke alarms outdoors and arranging a camera indoors and performing fog recognition through the image acquisition result of the camera; the smoke alarm can be arranged in a plurality of key prevention areas outside the building site, the camera is arranged in a plurality of key prevention areas inside the building site, and if the fire is monitored and reported again, alarm signals such as sound and light can be sent out simultaneously;
the equipment fault monitoring is realized by arranging an operation state monitoring module for each piece of equipment, for example, the electrical equipment can basically detect the voltage and current detection modules and the like, and the common mechanical equipment can set a displacement sensor, a rotation speed sensor and the like according to the functions of the equipment to monitor the working state;
the falling detection is carried out by collecting the postures of the staff in the construction site so as to realize safety monitoring or accident monitoring, for example, if the postures are in a state of falling, sitting and the like and exceed a time threshold value, the falling detection can be added, for example, if the detected moving down speed of the portrait in a short period exceeds the threshold value, the falling is judged.
Example 4
The present embodiment further describes abnormal situation monitoring in step S4 based on the technical scheme of embodiment 1.
Firstly, the abnormal situation monitoring may include monitoring of displacement and toppling of the monitored object.
In this embodiment, the method for monitoring displacement and dumping of the key monitoring object preferably includes:
selecting and marking a plurality of groups of key monitoring objects, and extracting a monitoring box of a reference plan view serving as a key monitoring object for each key monitoring object according to the real-time three-dimensional model;
extracting a monitoring box on a key monitoring object when no abnormality occurs as a reference box;
periodically extracting a top view for inspection through the real-time three-dimensional model, wherein a monitoring box on the key monitoring object is used as an inspection box;
the reference frame and the check frame are circumscribed quadrilaterals of circumscribed circles of the top view of the key monitoring object;
combining the top view for inspection and the top view for reference, calculating the overlapping area of the inspection box and the reference box:
and if the overlapping area is less than 85% of the total area of the reference square frame, judging that the displacement and/or tilting of the key monitoring object occur, and carrying out equipment displacement and tilting early warning.
In particular, since the inspection box and the reference box are placed on the same map, the overlapping comparison can be directly performed, and the posture of the inspection box with respect to the corresponding key monitoring object is constant. Referring to fig. 2, a solid line in the figure depicts a top view posture of an important monitoring object X at a time 1, a reference frame p is arranged outside the top view posture, a dotted line in the figure depicts a top view posture of the important monitoring object X at a time 2, a reference frame q is arranged outside the top view posture, and a region defined by an enlarged line is a region r of an overlapping part:
r＝p∪q
so overlap area S r Is S p∪q That is, it is necessary to judge S p∪q /S p Numerical value of S p For reference to the area of the square, S p∪q /S p The potential problem exists in people, namely the problem is caused by displacement or toppling of the key monitoring object, the problem is reported for early warning, and workers can be reminded to check and verify through a real-time three-dimensional model or on site.
As a further aspect of this embodiment, the abnormal situation monitoring further includes safety distance monitoring;
setting a safety distance for each key monitoring object;
installing a positioning device in a worker safety helmet, displaying the real-time position of a worker on a three-dimensional model by positioning when the worker is indoors, and importing worker information;
and when the worker approaches the key monitoring object, namely the distance from the real-time position of the worker to the checking box is smaller than the safety distance of the corresponding key monitoring object, carrying out safety distance early warning, and assisting in positioning the position of the worker and extracting the worker information. The calculation of the distance is described here:
when the distance from the real-time position of the staff to the checking box is the same as the real-time position of the staff, the real-time position of the staff is regarded as a point position, the side, closest to the checking box, of the staff is found, the distance from the staff to the side is calculated, and the distance is the distance from the real-time position of the staff to the checking box.
Here, fig. 3 is an example of calculating the distance from the real-time position of the staff to the inspection box, where the circle in the figure represents the staff, the length of L is the distance to be obtained, where L is 1m, and the safety distance of the key monitoring object is 0.5m, and no safety precaution is needed.
Example 5
The present embodiment further describes the site area monitoring related to step S4 based on the technical scheme of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the site area monitoring is implemented by a weather monitoring module.
The objects monitored by the meteorological monitoring module comprise future wind power, rainfall grade, lightning condition, extreme high temperature weather and extreme low temperature weather.
The meteorological monitoring module sends data to the processing module, and the processing module performs analysis, judgment and reporting and early warning. An alarm is raised when weather predicts that at least one of future wind levels exceeds a safe threshold, rainfall conditions such as precipitation exceeding a water threshold, lightning is occurring, temperature exceeding a high temperature threshold, and temperature falling below a low temperature threshold will occur.
Particularly for rainfall conditions, the embodiment can acquire the topography condition of each region in the building site according to the real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map;
setting a rainfall grade threshold for each area according to the topography of each area;
and when the rainfall occurs in the future, sending out early warning if the rainfall level is greater than the rainfall level threshold value of a certain area.
Example 6
The embodiment is based on the technical scheme of the embodiment 1, and the whole method is further perfected.
In this embodiment, the intelligent car navigation and the intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle navigation are also realized through the real-time three-dimensional model.
The method is equivalent to using the established real-time three-dimensional model as a map, positioning and navigating the intelligent trolley and the intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle on the construction site, and further providing different path navigation, automatic cruising, roadblock avoidance and other functions according to the actual motion mode of the equipment. The embodiment can realize more excellent and accurate positioning and navigation on the basis of three-dimensional modeling.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The safety monitoring method for the construction site based on the three-dimensional modeling is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting pictures of the whole area in the construction site;
collecting the real-time position of staff in a construction site;
constructing a real-time three-dimensional model of a building site map through the picture of the whole area in the building site and the real-time position of the staff;
carrying out real-time accident monitoring, abnormal situation monitoring and site area monitoring on a safety monitoring target through a plurality of groups of sensors and the real-time three-dimensional model;
and remotely reporting the results of the accident monitoring, the abnormal situation monitoring and the site area monitoring.
2. The method for building site safety monitoring based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 1, wherein the method for constructing the real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map by the picture of the whole area in the building site and the real-time position of the staff is as follows:
installing a plurality of binocular cameras within a building site;
starting a binocular camera to acquire pictures of the whole area in the construction site, and obtaining image data and corresponding three-dimensional coordinate information;
constructing a three-dimensional model of the building site map according to the image data and the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate information;
identifying a human body through a binocular camera in real time and obtaining human body position information through global coordinates corresponding to the position of the human body;
and adding the human body position information to the three-dimensional model of the building site map to obtain a real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map.
3. A method of safety monitoring of a building site based on three-dimensional modeling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the accident monitoring comprises fire monitoring, equipment fault monitoring and staff safety monitoring or accident monitoring.
4. A method of safety monitoring of a building site based on three-dimensional modeling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the fire monitoring is realized by arranging a plurality of smoke alarms outdoors and arranging a camera indoors and carrying out fog recognition through the image acquisition result of the camera; the equipment fault monitoring is realized by setting an operation state monitoring module for each piece of equipment; fall detection is performed by collecting the gestures of staff in the building site to realize safety monitoring or accident monitoring.
5. A method of safety monitoring of a building site based on three-dimensional modeling as defined in claim 1, wherein: the abnormal situation monitoring comprises monitoring of the displacement and dumping of the key monitoring object.
6. The method for monitoring the safety of a construction site based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 5, wherein the method for monitoring the displacement and the dumping of the key monitoring object is as follows:
selecting and marking a plurality of groups of key monitoring objects, and extracting a monitoring box of a reference plan view serving as a key monitoring object for each key monitoring object according to the real-time three-dimensional model;
extracting a monitoring box on a key monitoring object when no abnormality occurs as a reference box;
periodically extracting a top view for inspection through the real-time three-dimensional model, wherein a monitoring box on the key monitoring object is used as an inspection box;
the reference frame and the check frame are circumscribed quadrilaterals of circumscribed circles of the top view of the key monitoring object;
combining the top view for inspection and the top view for reference, calculating the overlapping area of the inspection box and the reference box:
and if the overlapping area is less than 85% of the total area of the reference square frame, judging that the displacement and/or tilting of the key monitoring object occur, and carrying out equipment displacement and tilting early warning.
7. The method for safety monitoring of a building site based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 6, wherein the abnormal situation monitoring further comprises safety distance monitoring;
setting a safety distance for each key monitoring object;
installing a positioning device in a worker safety helmet, displaying the real-time position of a worker on a three-dimensional model by positioning when the worker is indoors, and importing worker information;
and when the worker approaches the key monitoring object, namely the distance from the real-time position of the worker to the checking box is smaller than the safety distance of the corresponding key monitoring object, carrying out safety distance early warning, and assisting in positioning the position of the worker and extracting the worker information.
8. The method for safety monitoring of a building site based on three-dimensional modeling of claim 1, wherein the site area monitoring is implemented by a weather monitoring module.
9. The method for safety monitoring of a building site based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 8, wherein the objects monitored by the weather monitoring module include future wind power, rainfall level, lightning condition, extreme high temperature weather and extreme low temperature weather;
acquiring the topography condition of each region in the building site according to the real-time three-dimensional model of the building site map;
setting a rainfall grade threshold for each area according to the topography of each area;
and when the rainfall occurs in the future, sending out early warning if the rainfall level is greater than the rainfall level threshold value of a certain area.
10. The building site safety monitoring method based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 1, wherein intelligent trolley navigation and intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle navigation are further realized through the real-time three-dimensional model.
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