CN116627947A - Design method and device for agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method and a device of an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database, wherein the method comprises the following steps: defining a plurality of landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category by adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode; dividing agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data, and defining corresponding data storage types; performing digital processing on various elements; establishing an E-R diagram; establishing a plurality of database layers representing spatial data; a spatial database physical model of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape is constructed, and a data layer is provided with a basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database. The invention can solve the problems of incapability of carrying out systematic dynamic monitoring management, data systematic analysis, scientific planning and design and the like on the agro-genetic landscapes in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a design method and device of an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database.
Background
The agricultural cultural heritage records the exploration histories of different civilization stages of human beings, effectively protects the agricultural cultural heritage, can better dig the traditional agricultural value, expands the multi-element agricultural function, and promotes the ecological protection, cultural inheritance and economic development of the agricultural cultural heritage. Under the age background of digital development, deep penetration and wide application of information technology have become age trend, digital protection is a new agricultural cultural heritage protection development opportunity, and scientific and effective decision schemes, systematic standard management, research of multidisciplinary cross fusion, public propaganda with high interactivity and the like can be realized.
At present, the spatial information system of agricultural heritage is huge, the data is complicated and dispersed, and special agricultural heritage spatial information related portal websites are lacked, so that the agricultural heritage cannot be subjected to systematic dynamic monitoring management, data systematic analysis, scientific planning design and effective protection propaganda.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose is that: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a design method and a device for an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database, which can solve the problems that in the prior art, the agricultural heritage landscape cannot be subjected to systematic dynamic monitoring management, data systematic analysis, scientific planning and design and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the design method of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, defining a plurality of landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category by adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode according to the attribute characteristics of agricultural heritage landscape, wherein the landscape categories comprise basic geographic information, natural ecological landscape categories, agricultural production landscape categories, human economic landscape categories and traditional village landscape categories;
s2, dividing agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data, wherein the non-spatial data comprises attribute data, text data and image video data, and defines corresponding data storage types;
s3, performing digital processing on various elements in each landscape category in the step S1, including defining element data in each category, confirming the data source of the element data, and determining the data storage type of the various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type in the step S2;
s4, building an E-R diagram according to the landscape category defined in the step S1, the various element data and the data storage format thereof determined in the step S3;
s5, establishing a plurality of database layers for representing space data according to the E-R diagram, wherein the database layers comprise a basic ground object information database layer and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-database layer which correspond to the E-R diagram structure; the attribute data is attached to the space data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text data and the image video data are linked with the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layer, the data attribute table, the metadata codes and the link relation thereof form a spatial database logic structure of agricultural cultural heritage landscape;
s6, constructing a spatial database physical model of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape according to the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained in the step S5, wherein the spatial database physical model comprises a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer and a service layer;
the data layer comprises a basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database based on a GIS technology, and the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-layer correspond to each other.
Preferably, in step S2, the data storage types of the spatial data include point entity, line entity, plane entity and raster data, the data storage type of the attribute data is object class data, the data storage type of the text data is text class data, and the data storage type of the image video data is image class data, video and audio class data and website link data.
Preferably, in the step S5, the database layer includes a plurality of element layers, each element layer defines a corresponding layer code, a layer name and a geometric type, where the structure of the layer code includes: agricultural cultural heritage names, region codes, data types indicating the layers of the database, data elements and reserved codes, wherein the data elements comprise abbreviations of element data, time and element types expressed by letters.
Preferably, in the step S5, the data attribute table is provided with the following items: sequence number, field name, information description, field type, field length, dimension and default values, the field name being set as the chinese abbreviation of the field information.
Preferably, in the step S6, the standard layer mainly includes an agricultural heritage landscape database building standard, a graphic and element classification standard, an element coding standard, a database interface standard, a WMS or WFS standard, and a database building network protocol standard;
the database interface standard is divided into a government data management input interface, a scientific research personnel data input interface and a common user video and audio data input interface;
the WMS or WFS standard is used for sharing and operating data based on the level of the geographic elements, and a user operates a single geographic element through WFS service, including editing, deleting and adding the data.
Preferably, in the step S6, the management layer is provided with an ArcSDE module and an SQL Server module, the service layer is provided with a Web Server and a GIS application Server, and the GIS application Server configures ArcGIS Server;
the ArcGIS Server is connected with the data layer through ArcSDE, acquires space data and converts the space data into required space service, queries the data layer through SQL Server and provides data for the Web Server.
Preferably, in step S6, the presentation layer is provided with a UI access interface, and the UI access interface is provided with a management editing module, a query search module, a statistical analysis module, an analysis decision module and a data visualization module.
Preferably, in the step S6, the service layer is provided with a decision-making user side, a monitoring analysis user side, a planning design user side, a resident and tourist user side for agricultural cultural heritage landscape management.
Preferably, after the database is built, the data is imported as follows:
crawling POIs of all natural ecological landscape viewpoint positions by utilizing a web crawler technology, importing the POIs into a database, filling in attribute table fields of geological landscape, ecological landscape and meteorological landscape, coding and numbering pictures or text information of non-attribute data, and carrying out spatialization treatment on the natural ecological landscape;
carrying out spatial processing on all positioning information and attribute information of the human economic landscape, and carrying out format conversion and visualization of part of the files by adopting point data types; in addition to the attribute table, the human economic landscape data represented by text data, picture data and video data is attached to the attribute table through the accessory number and called through the SQL server database.
A design device of agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database, which is characterized by comprising:
the landscape data definition module is used for defining a plurality of landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category according to the attribute characteristics of the agricultural heritage landscape by adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode, wherein the landscape categories comprise basic geographic information, natural ecological landscape categories, agricultural production landscape categories, humane economic landscape categories and traditional village landscape categories;
the data storage format definition module is used for dividing agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into space data and non-space data, wherein the non-space data comprises attribute data, text data and image video data, and defines corresponding data storage types;
the digital processing module is used for carrying out digital processing on various elements in various landscape categories, including defining element data in various categories, confirming the data source of the element data, and determining the data storage type of various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type;
the E-R diagram building module is used for building an E-R diagram according to the landscape category defined by the landscape data definition module and various element data and data storage formats thereof determined by the digital processing module;
the logic structure building module is used for building a plurality of database layers representing space data according to the E-R diagram, wherein the database layers comprise a basic ground object information database layer and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-database layer which correspond to the E-R diagram structure; the attribute data is attached to the space data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text data and the image video data are linked with the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layer, the data attribute table, the metadata codes and the link relation thereof form a spatial database logic structure of agricultural cultural heritage landscape;
the database building module is used for building a spatial database physical model of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape according to the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained by the logical structure building module, and comprises a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer and a service layer; the data layer comprises a basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database based on a GIS technology, and the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-layer correspond to each other.
The beneficial effects are that: due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention carries out conceptual structural design, logical structural design and physical structural design of a spatial database aiming at the database construction requirement and construction principle of the agricultural and genetic landscape, completes the conceptual model design, layer classification, data coding, attribute table structural design, connection logical relation design between spatial information and attribute tables and the whole physical system architecture of the spatial database, expounds the construction method content of the standard layer, the data layer, the management layer, the business layer, the expression layer and the service layer of the agricultural and genetic landscape spatial database and the related technology thereof, utilizes the data management advantage of the spatial database, integrates the comprehensive information of the landscape of the agricultural and cultural heritage, and realizes the comprehensive management and dynamic update of the agricultural and cultural heritage landscape multivariate data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an agricultural cultural heritage landscape classification system introduced in embodiment one;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conceptual structural design of an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a database layer structure according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a data encoding format in the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a database system architecture according to the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a design method of an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database, which comprises the following steps:
s1, defining a plurality of landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category by adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode according to the attribute characteristics of agricultural heritage landscape, wherein the landscape categories comprise basic geographic information, natural ecological landscape categories, agricultural production landscape categories, human economic landscape categories and traditional village landscape categories;
s2, dividing agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data, wherein the non-spatial data comprises attribute data, text data and image video data, and defines corresponding data storage types;
s3, performing digital processing on various elements in each landscape category in the step S1, including defining element data in each category, confirming the data source of the element data, and determining the data storage type of the various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type in the step S2;
s4, building an E-R diagram according to the landscape category defined in the step S1, the various element data and the data storage format thereof determined in the step S3;
s5, establishing a plurality of database layers for representing space data according to the E-R diagram, wherein the database layers comprise a basic ground object information database layer and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-database layer which correspond to the E-R diagram structure; the attribute data is attached to the space data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text data and the image video data are linked with the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layer, the data attribute table, the metadata codes and the link relation thereof form a spatial database logic structure of agricultural cultural heritage landscape;
s6, constructing a spatial database physical model of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape according to the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained in the step S5, wherein the spatial database physical model comprises a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer and a service layer;
the data layer comprises a basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database based on a GIS technology, and the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-layer correspond to each other.
The following describes the inventive solution in detail with reference to the examples of fig. 1 to 5.
1. Classification system for agricultural cultural heritage landscape
Agricultural cultural heritage (hereinafter, abbreviated as agro-heritage) landscapes have obvious regional differences, which are determined by inherent differences between regional nature and culture. There are inherent correlation features between agro-genetic landscape units in the same territory, and there are many similarities between these features and object-oriented analysis methods.
According to the logic classification mode of landscape Genes, the invention adopts an Object-oriented landscape gene classification mode (Object-Oriented Classification Pattern for Landscape's Genes) in combination with the practice and Object-oriented method for constructing the agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database, has strong operability and clear thought, and is easy to realize flow identification in combination with GIS space database software (Hu Zui and the like, 2015). The agricultural cultural heritage landscape is taken as an object, and the agricultural heritage landscape category and classification system is established according to the difference and the commonality between the six attribute characteristics of the regional primordiality, the natural ecology, the compound systematicness, the dynamic procedural nature, the humanity historic nature and the sustainable adaptability, as shown in figure 1.
2. Class element digitalization of agricultural cultural heritage landscape
The data storage types of the classification system content of the comprehensive agricultural cultural heritage landscape are mainly divided into spatial data and non-spatial data. Spatial data is used to describe features in agricultural cultural heritage that are related to spatial locations, including vector data and raster data. Vector data is a geographic space entity such as farmland, roads, buildings, heritage remains and the like in the heritage places generated through mapping or digitalization, and is divided into three types of points, lines and surfaces. The raster data consists of high-resolution remote sensing images and DEM data. The spatial data content of agricultural cultural heritage comprises heritage ground geographic data and spatial positioning data (POI) of agricultural heritage landscape.
The non-spatial data includes attribute data, agro-text data, and image and video data of each landscape element. The attribute data is description data corresponding to the space data, namely 'object' data, such as geographical information, background environment information, physical information and history information of agricultural landscape such as farmland area, road name and the like, and each item of attribute data needs to edit a data code. The geographical position of the attribute data is connected with the space data, and the code is a tie connected with the text data and the multimedia file.
The digital processing mode of the invention is described below by taking the landscape categories of basic geographic information and human economic landscape as examples in fig. 1.
(1) Basic geographic information
The geographic position of the agricultural cultural heritage system, namely the basic geographic information determines the geographic originality of the agro-genetic landscape, and mainly comprises the spatial position and the regional unit content, as shown in table 1. The space position is composed of administrative region boundary lines and heritage region longitude and latitude ranges, and the agricultural landscape region unit mainly comprises a boundary range, road traffic and high-resolution remote sensing image and historical remote sensing image data covering the heritage region.
Table 1: basic geographic information element data of agricultural cultural heritage landscape
(2) Human economic landscape
Agricultural cultural heritage landscapes have a physical and a non-physical division, and human economic landscapes are carriers of the non-physical division. The population economic dynamics is basic information of human economy, and as shown in table 2, mainly comprises population basic data, tourism and third industry economic data, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishing economic data and agricultural cultural heritage protection financial data, has significance for protecting and developing the agricultural heritage, mainly originates from statistical annual notices of local governments of heritage areas and is stored in an 'object' form. The main body of the human landscape is divided into religion beliefs, local spirit and cultural customs systems of original residents in the heritage area, the data not only uses object class and image sound and image data of the heritage area, but also displays the relative geographic space position through vector point entities, so that the linkage of non-space data and space data is realized, and the human landscape space pattern analysis of a research level, the cultural experience inquiry of a travel propaganda popularization level and the personalized service of a travel line are conveniently realized by the agricultural genetic landscape space database.
TABLE 2 agricultural cultural heritage landscape humane economic landscape class element data
3. Logical structure design of agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database
(1) Construction of E-R diagram
The type of agro-genetic landscape is complex and it is an organic whole that cannot be disassembled individually. Therefore, standardized coding design is required to be carried out on the information of the agro-genetic landscape classification system according to a certain specification and classification standard. The scientific and digital information coding can enable the information of the agro-genetic landscape elements to be well recorded in the space database platform, and is convenient for subsequent management and loading operation. The conceptual structure design of the spatial database is to classify and organize the data collected in the demand analysis stage by utilizing an abstract mechanism to form an entity set and an attribute set, determine the entity type and the relation between the entities, and further design an entity relation model (Entity Relationship Diagram, E-R diagram for short), which is the most critical step of the database design.
According to the storage format of the agro-genetic landscape element data, the invention gathers the partial thematic data of agricultural resources, topography, landscape pattern, socioeconomic and the like with the basic geographic information to form a basic ground object information database. Other landscape thematic data are classified into categories and grades to form an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database. E-R diagrams are extracted and drawn according to the sorted landscape data information, and are shown in figure 2.
(2) Logical structure design of agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database
The logical model structural design can convert a conceptual model into a data model supported by a database management system, and comprises two parts of data classification coding and database table structural design.
Data classification coding:
the agro-genetic landscape spatial information has high complexity, and elements with different attributes or characteristics are distinguished, so that spatial data are logically organized into different information layers, and the data management and the rapid retrieval and analysis of the data are facilitated. The database is divided into the structure shown in fig. 3 by graph class (dataset) according to a conceptual model.
Because of the huge amount of agricultural heritage information, the coding form of the database adopts a numerical and letter combined coding form for facilitating the use of users and the rapid running of computers. The layer code of the space elements of the database is composed of five parts, as shown in fig. 4, and the structure is agricultural cultural heritage names+region codes+data types+data elements+reserved codes, wherein:
the first part is the cultural heritage place name number of the study area (appendix a);
the second part represents a region code, namely a six-position administrative region code in which the agricultural cultural heritage is located;
the third part represents the data type, and distinguishes basic ground object information and agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic information;
the first two digits of the fourth section represent abbreviations for data elements, the numerals represent time years of layer information, the last letter represents type characteristics of the data elements, "P" represents "points", "L" represents "lines", "a" represents "faces", and "T" represents raster data.
The layer shown in fig. 3 is all the spatial information of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database, and other non-spatial information is attached to the spatial information in the form of a data attribute table, including twelve non-spatial data attribute tables such as a geological landscape attribute table, a hydrological landscape attribute table, an ecological landscape attribute table, a meteorological landscape attribute table, a special agricultural product layout attribute table, a leisure agricultural service facility attribute table, an agricultural cultural activity distribution attribute table, a non-matter cultural heritage attribute table, a traditional village attribute table, a historical civil architecture attribute table, a heritage attribute table, an ancient tree name attribute table and the like.
Database attribute table structural design:
after the names, codes and element types of the element layers are determined, all possible fields covered by the attribute tables of all elements are designed according to the basic data characteristics collected and tidied in the earlier stage and the user requirements, and the attribute tables after information input are put in storage together with the space data. Because of the vast and miscellaneous landscape data, in the later statistical, analysis or comprehensive evaluation process, some field contents can be added or subtracted according to application requirements, namely, the part with the default value of Yes.
An example of the attribute table structure is given below taking "administrative division" as an example.
Because the region covered by the agro-genetic landscape is generally in a village-town level or a natural village level, different levels are different from the information emphasis point related to the agro-genetic landscape, the region is divided into an administrative division village-town level attribute table (table 3) and an administrative division village level attribute table, and meanwhile, in order to facilitate the operation of data codes issued by the later-stage Web GIS network information, all field names are Chinese abbreviations of field information.
Table 3: administrative division village and town level attribute table
Besides space data and attribute data, the agro-genetic landscape also has a large amount of text and graphic image data, and the data are linked with an attribute data table through metadata codes, so that the association of graphic, audio and video and an on-line map is realized, the inquiry and the use of the data are met, and the intuitiveness and the pluripotency of the data are enhanced.
The logical relation diagram among all information data of the agro-genetic landscape space database is not shown in the form of a drawing. In the figure, the rectangle represents the entity data, the gray oval represents the attribute data, the dotted oval represents the accessories such as pictures, texts, video and audio attached to the attribute data, the single solid line represents the object relationship between the two, and the solid line arrow represents the generation relationship between the data and the like, wherein the solid line is divided into one-to-one (1:1) or one-to-many (1:N).
4. Physical model design of agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database
The agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database integrates front-end technology and background management, and is an information data platform for protecting agricultural cultural heritage and sustainably developing each port service. The whole physical model framework system is divided into six independent modules which are independent and have supporting connection, and a space information standard layer, a space information data layer, a space information management layer, a space information service layer, a space information presentation layer and a space information service layer are respectively arranged from the background to the front end, as shown in figure 5.
(1) Standard layer of database
The agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database needs to be applied across disciplines and provide multi-industry services, and related specifications and indexes in various fields need to be considered. The layer architecture mainly comprises a pesticide genetic landscape database building standard, a graph and element classification standard, an element coding standard, a database interface standard, a WMS/WFS standard and a related database building network protocol standard. The first three are already described in detail above, and redundant description is omitted. The database interface standard needs to specifically consider data from multiple data sources, and is divided into a government data management input interface, a scientific research personnel data input interface and a common user video data input interface. The WMS/WFS standard is based on data sharing and data manipulation at the geographic element level. Through the WFS service, a user can edit, delete, add and the like data operations on a single geographic element.
(2) Database data layer
The data layer is the basis and core of the whole system platform. The agricultural heritage landscape data layer is an agricultural heritage landscape space information database established on the basis of a data standard layer, and realizes the integration and unified processing of various categories, stage time, resolution and multisource information data of heritage areas.
(3) Database management layer
The data management layer is equivalent to a background management system of a database, is a model for services of a landscape information system, and has the design target of combining data among different levels in the system, and can update, define, maintain and change database information at any time. The management of the agro-genetic landscape space database is based on a data layer, and the ArcSDE and SQL Server are utilized to call and transfer conversion data, including space data, attribute data and thematic data. And the space data is obtained by the ArcGIS Server through the ArcSDE connection database and is converted into the required space service. Attribute data, topic data, and the like query data from a relational database SQL Server and provide data to a Web Server through JDBC (Java Data Base Connectivity) techniques.
(4) Database business layer
The service layer mainly plays a role of connecting the data layer and the presentation layer, is formed by a Web server and a GIS application server together, and realizes data transmission through XML format data flow. arcGIS Server 10.5 provides GIS access service and spatial data analysis functions.
(5) Database presentation layer
The presentation layer is the front end of the system, which layer implements the system functions. Based on the Vue front end framework and the Element-UI, a specific UI access interface of the system is realized, and the business logic control of the front end is realized through JavaScript script (Chen Mingzheng, etc., 2020). The user sends the requests of different functions to the service layer through the use of the system, for example, map visualization, trip planning, layer superposition, landscape consultation retrieval and other calculation items, and the service layer processes and feeds back to the user side.
(6) Database service layer
The service layer targets the target demands of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database service population.
Firstly, a landscape management decision user terminal serving an agricultural genetic protection responsibility unit department adopts an A/S mode. The government department can timely master the related decision-making supervision information data, understand the comprehensive dynamic state of agricultural cultural heritage through the data, and can obtain the comprehensive results obtained by summarizing the opinions of other related parties.
Secondly, the user side for monitoring and analyzing the agro-genetic landscapes of scientific researchers adopts a B/S mode, and the mode has flexible and advanced data processing and auxiliary decision-making functions, thereby being beneficial to comprehensive system dynamic monitoring and temporal and co-temporal analysis of the agro-genetic landscapes by the scientific researchers.
Thirdly, the user side of the agricultural landscape planning design adopts a C/S mode, scientific travel planning, related landscape design and the like can be carried out through the space analysis and the layer stacking function of the database and the technical carrier, and the order development of the agricultural landscape is promoted. Finally, residents in agricultural cultural heritage places and tourist clients adopt a D/S mode, and autonomous inquiry or trip planning is carried out by means of Web online service, so that knowledge storage and protection concepts of the agricultural cultural heritage are improved, and interactivity between the agricultural cultural heritage and the general public is enhanced.
Taking a tea fruit compound system in a certain area as an example, the design of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database can adopt the method, firstly, systematic and comprehensive information acquisition is carried out, landscape data with different classifications and types are recorded in detail, and then the acquired information is stored and warehoused according to the types, so that a multi-level landscape space database is formed. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) Data acquisition and processing
The data acquisition and processing process is the process of digitizing the agricultural cultural heritage landscape information, and is the most core part of the agricultural heritage landscape space database. The related vector graphic information and satellite image data of the heritage area need to be processed, graphic files are summarized and arranged, and graphic vectorization, text graphic representation and geographic position point spatial processing are carried out.
(2) Data warehouse entry and database network information release
After the collection and the spatial processing of all data information of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape are completed, the processed vectors and the grid image layer are respectively stored into an agricultural cultural heritage basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database according to the building standard, the coding standard, the conceptual frame design and the logic structure design of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape spatial database.
The data comprises natural ecological landscape information, humane economic landscape information and the like. After all geographic positions of the natural ecological landscape are determined, the POIs of all natural ecological landscape viewpoint positions are crawled by utilizing a web crawler technology, the POIs are imported into a database, attribute table fields of the geological landscape, the ecological landscape and the meteorological landscape are filled in, and pictures or text information coding numbers of non-attribute data are used for spatially processing the natural ecological landscape. And then, based on the spatial database, agricultural cultural heritage landscape network information is published, and user services in different fields and different levels are supported. All positioning information and attribute information of the human economic landscape are spatially processed, and format conversion and visualization of partial files are carried out by adopting a Point data (Point Feature) type. In addition to the attribute table, the humane economic landscape has a large amount of text data, picture data and video data. These materials are attached to the attribute table by attachment numbers and are directly called by the SQL server database.
In addition to the spatially structured landscape vector file and raster file, the agro-genetic landscape thematic information also includes a variety of text data, drawing data, video data, and the like. Comprehensive attribute information such as codes, names, resource types, data formats, file related sources and the like of the materials are expressed through metadata classification and classification system construction, and are directly called from an attachment folder when network information is released. The agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database can provide data support for network publishing systems, auxiliary planning systems, agricultural heritage landscape thematic researches and the like of agricultural cultural heritage landscapes at present.
(3) Agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database function module implementation
Comprising the following steps:
the data management module mainly faces related management departments and related data providers of agricultural cultural heritage areas, and personnel information and a warehousing key are needed for logging in the interface;
the tour query module can directly visit the map layer and support a user to perform space query and condition query;
the statistical analysis module is used for realizing statistics and visual expression of the number, the level and the type structures of the whole database data, and the analysis function is mainly used for protecting space pattern analysis, buffer area analysis and nuclear density analysis of various projects;
the thematic display module mainly comprises texts, video and audio of agricultural cultural heritage and the like.
Example two
The embodiment provides a design device of agricultural cultural heritage view space database, includes:
the landscape data definition module is used for defining a plurality of landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category according to the attribute characteristics of the agricultural heritage landscape by adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode, wherein the landscape categories comprise basic geographic information, natural ecological landscape categories, agricultural production landscape categories, humane economic landscape categories and traditional village landscape categories;
the data storage format definition module is used for dividing agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into space data and non-space data, wherein the non-space data comprises attribute data, text data and image video data, and defines corresponding data storage types;
the digital processing module is used for carrying out digital processing on various elements in various landscape categories, including defining element data in various categories, confirming the data source of the element data, and determining the data storage type of various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type;
the E-R diagram building module is used for building an E-R diagram according to the landscape category defined by the landscape data definition module and various element data and data storage formats thereof determined by the digital processing module;
the logic structure building module is used for building a plurality of database layers representing space data according to the E-R diagram, wherein the database layers comprise a basic ground object information database layer and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-database layer which correspond to the E-R diagram structure; the attribute data is attached to the space data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text data and the image video data are linked with the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layer, the data attribute table, the metadata codes and the link relation thereof form a spatial database logic structure of agricultural cultural heritage landscape;
the database building module is used for building a spatial database physical model of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape according to the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained by the logical structure building module, and comprises a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer and a service layer; the data layer comprises a basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database based on a GIS technology, and the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-layer correspond to each other.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the invention in any way, and that all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The design method of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, defining a plurality of landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category by adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode according to the attribute characteristics of agricultural heritage landscape, wherein the landscape categories comprise basic geographic information, natural ecological landscape categories, agricultural production landscape categories, human economic landscape categories and traditional village landscape categories;
s2, dividing agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into spatial data and non-spatial data, wherein the non-spatial data comprises attribute data, text data and image video data, and defines corresponding data storage types;
s3, performing digital processing on various elements in each landscape category in the step S1, including defining element data in each category, confirming the data source of the element data, and determining the data storage type of the various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type in the step S2;
s4, building an E-R diagram according to the landscape category defined in the step S1, the various element data and the data storage format thereof determined in the step S3;
s5, establishing a plurality of database layers for representing space data according to the E-R diagram, wherein the database layers comprise a basic ground object information database layer and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-database layer which correspond to the E-R diagram structure; the attribute data is attached to the space data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text data and the image video data are linked with the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layer, the data attribute table, the metadata codes and the link relation thereof form a spatial database logic structure of agricultural cultural heritage landscape;
s6, constructing a spatial database physical model of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape according to the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained in the step S5, wherein the spatial database physical model comprises a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer and a service layer;
the data layer comprises a basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database based on a GIS technology, and the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-layer correspond to each other.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the data storage types of the space data include point entity, line entity, plane entity and grid data, the data storage types of the attribute data are object class data, the data storage types of the text data are text class data, and the data storage types of the image audio-visual data are image class data, audio-visual class data and website link data.
3. The method for designing an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database according to claim 2, wherein in the step S5, a database layer includes a plurality of element layers, each element layer defines a corresponding layer code, layer name and geometry type, and the structure of the layer code includes: agricultural cultural heritage names, region codes, data types indicating the layers of the database, data elements and reserved codes, wherein the data elements comprise abbreviations of element data, time and element types expressed by letters.
4. The method for designing an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the data attribute table is provided with the following items: sequence number, field name, information description, field type, field length, dimension and default values, the field name being set as the chinese abbreviation of the field information.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the standard layer mainly includes an agricultural heritage landscape database building standard, a graph and element classification standard, an element coding standard, a database interface standard, a WMS or WFS standard, and a database building network protocol standard;
the database interface standard is divided into a government data management input interface, a scientific research personnel data input interface and a common user video and audio data input interface;
the WMS or WFS standard is used for sharing and operating data based on the level of the geographic elements, and a user operates a single geographic element through WFS service, including editing, deleting and adding the data.
6. The method for designing agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the management layer is provided with an ArcSDE module and an SQLServer module, the business layer is provided with a Web Server and a GIS application Server, and the GIS application Server configures ArcGIS Server;
the ArcGIS Server is connected with the data layer through ArcSDE, acquires space data and converts the space data into required space service, queries the data layer through SQL Server and provides data for the Web Server.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the presentation layer is provided with a UI access interface, and the UI access interface is provided with a management editing module, a query search module, a statistical analysis module, an analysis decision module, and a data visualization module.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the service layer is provided with a decision-making client, a monitoring analysis client, a planning design client, a resident and a tourist client for managing the agricultural cultural heritage landscape.
9. The method for designing an agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database according to claim 1, wherein after the database is constructed, data is imported in the following manner:
crawling POIs of all natural ecological landscape viewpoint positions by utilizing a web crawler technology, importing the POIs into a database, filling in attribute table fields of geological landscape, ecological landscape and meteorological landscape, coding and numbering pictures or text information of non-attribute data, and carrying out spatialization treatment on the natural ecological landscape;
carrying out spatial processing on all positioning information and attribute information of the human economic landscape, and carrying out format conversion and visualization of part of the files by adopting point data types; in addition to the attribute table, the human economic landscape data represented by text data, picture data and video data is attached to the attribute table through the accessory number and called through the SQL server database.
10. A design device of agricultural cultural heritage landscape space database, which is characterized by comprising:
the landscape data definition module is used for defining a plurality of landscape categories and category elements under each landscape category according to the attribute characteristics of the agricultural heritage landscape by adopting an object-oriented landscape gene classification mode, wherein the landscape categories comprise basic geographic information, natural ecological landscape categories, agricultural production landscape categories, humane economic landscape categories and traditional village landscape categories;
the data storage format definition module is used for dividing agricultural cultural heritage landscape data into space data and non-space data, wherein the non-space data comprises attribute data, text data and image video data, and defines corresponding data storage types;
the digital processing module is used for carrying out digital processing on various elements in various landscape categories, including defining element data in various categories, confirming the data source of the element data, and determining the data storage type of various element data according to the definition method of the data storage type;
the E-R diagram building module is used for building an E-R diagram according to the landscape category defined by the landscape data definition module and various element data and data storage formats thereof determined by the digital processing module;
the logic structure building module is used for building a plurality of database layers representing space data according to the E-R diagram, wherein the database layers comprise a basic ground object information database layer and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-database layer which correspond to the E-R diagram structure; the attribute data is attached to the space data in the form of a data attribute table, and the text data and the image video data are linked with the attribute data table through metadata codes; the database layer, the data attribute table, the metadata codes and the link relation thereof form a spatial database logic structure of agricultural cultural heritage landscape;
the database building module is used for building a spatial database physical model of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape according to the spatial database logical structure of the agricultural cultural heritage landscape obtained by the logical structure building module, and comprises a standard layer, a data layer, a management layer, a business layer, a presentation layer and a service layer; the data layer comprises a basic ground object information database and an agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database based on a GIS technology, and the basic ground object information database layer and the agricultural cultural heritage landscape thematic database sub-layer correspond to each other.
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