CN116618171A - Method for recovering aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings - Google Patents
Method for recovering aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal resource recycling, in particular to a method for recycling aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings; the method comprises the following steps: pre-grading the Bayer process red mud iron tailings according to a preset granularity to obtain coarse-grain-level high-iron concentrate; wet strong magnetic separation is carried out on the coarse-grain high-iron concentrate to obtain coarse aluminum concentrate and first iron mineral respectively; carrying out gravity concentration and purification treatment on the rough aluminum concentrate to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron mineral respectively; combining the first iron mineral and the second iron mineral to obtain iron concentrate; the method realizes the extraction and recovery of the aluminum-containing minerals in the iron tailings of the Bayer process red mud separation by a pre-grading-magnetic gravity combined separation technology, improves the comprehensive utilization rate of the red mud, has simple and convenient operation, can conveniently treat the produced iron concentrate subsequently, and has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low production cost, high recovery rate, strong process adaptability, stable production, high comprehensive utilization rate, environmental friendliness and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal resource recycling, in particular to a method for recycling aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings.
Background
The red mud is a strong alkaline solid waste discharged in the alumina production process, and 1 t-1.5 t of red mud is additionally produced for every 1t of alumina production. The aluminum industry generates about 1 hundred million tons of bulk hazardous waste red mud each year, the red mud is mainly piled up at present, and the piling up of the red mud not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also can infiltrate into soil and underground water due to the characteristic of high alkalinity, meanwhile, dust formed by the dried red mud flies everywhere, which seriously pollutes the ecological environment around the red mud piling up site, and meanwhile, the red mud contains abundant aluminum, iron, calcium and other valuable metals, so the piling up of the red mud not only causes environmental pollution, but also causes secondary waste of resources. The comprehensive utilization rate of the red mud is less than 5.00% at present, so that valuable metals such as iron, aluminum, titanium, scandium and the like can be recovered from the red mud, and the aim of orderly reducing the solid waste of the red mud can be fulfilled.
At present, research on red mud has realized the reduction and resource utilization of Bayer process red mud through iron separation, but the Bayer process red mud iron separation tailings are also rich in undissolved aluminum-containing minerals with considerable content, so that recycling the aluminum-containing minerals can not only further reduce the discharge amount of the Bayer process red mud, but also improve the comprehensive utilization rate of bauxite resources; due to the complex nature, strong alkalinity, low content of aluminum-containing minerals, uneven distribution of aluminum-containing minerals (coarse grain content is higher than fine grain) and the like of the Bayer process red mud iron-separating tailings, the aluminum-containing minerals are difficult to recover by adopting a conventional digestion process, secondary products generated in the recovery stage are treated, and accordingly, aluminum resource waste and red mud discharge are increased. Therefore, how to simply extract and recover the aluminum-containing minerals in the iron tailings of the Bayer process red mud and simultaneously treat and recover the secondary products generated in the stage is a technical problem which needs to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method for recovering aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings, which aims to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, the aluminum-containing minerals in the Bayer process red mud iron tailings are difficult to extract and recover simply and effectively, and secondary products generated by simultaneous treatment and recovery are difficult to process and recover.
In a first aspect, the application provides a method for recovering aluminium-containing minerals from bayer process red mud iron tailings, the method comprising:
pre-grading the Bayer process red mud iron tailings according to a preset granularity to obtain coarse-grain-level high-iron concentrate;
wet strong magnetic separation is carried out on the coarse-grain high-iron concentrate to obtain coarse aluminum concentrate and first iron mineral respectively;
carrying out gravity concentration and purification treatment on the rough aluminum concentrate to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron mineral respectively;
and combining the first iron mineral and the second iron mineral to obtain iron concentrate.
Optionally, the preset granularity is 0.023 mm-0.074 mm.
Optionally, the number of times of the preliminary classification is 1 to 3.
Optionally, the magnetic field strength of the wet high-intensity magnetic separation is 1.0T-1.7T.
Optionally, the number of times of the wet strong magnetic separation is 1-3.
Optionally, the gravity separation and purification treatment comprises at least one of a shaking bed gravity separation process, a centrifugal gravity separation process and a chute gravity separation process.
Optionally, the number of times of the reselection purification treatment is 1-3.
Optionally, the chemical components of the bayer process red mud iron tailings include, in mass fraction:
Al 2 O 3 ≥18％，SiO 2 ≤13％，Fe 2 O 3 less than or equal to 30 percent, and the balance is unavoidable impurities.
Optionally, the Al satisfies: the coarse fraction aluminum content > the fine fraction aluminum content.
Optionally, the pre-grading the bayer process red mud iron tailings according to a preset granularity to obtain coarse-grain high-iron concentrate, which comprises the following steps:
wet pre-grading the Bayer process red mud iron tailings according to a preset granularity to respectively obtain fine-fraction tailings and coarse-grain high-iron concentrate;
and dehydrating the fine-fraction tailings, and piling up to obtain piled-up tailings.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
according to the method for recycling aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings, provided by the embodiment of the application, the Bayer process red mud iron tailings are firstly pre-graded according to the preset granularity, then wet high-intensity magnetic separation and gravity field purification treatment are carried out on graded coarse-grain high-iron concentrate, so that aluminum minerals and other impurity minerals can be separated by utilizing a high-intensity magnetic field and a gravity field, and pure aluminum concentrate can be obtained, and meanwhile, screened products can be combined to obtain secondary product iron concentrate, so that the extraction and recycling of aluminum-containing minerals in the Bayer process red mud iron tailings are realized through a pre-grading-magnetic gravity combined sorting technology, the red mud comprehensive utilization rate is improved, the whole method is easy and convenient to operate, and the produced iron concentrate can be conveniently treated in the follow-up process, so that the problems of low aluminum-containing mineral content, uneven aluminum-containing minerals (higher than coarse grain content) in the Bayer process iron tailings, difficulty in direct digestion and high direct digestion cost are overcome, and the method has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low production cost, high recovery rate, strong technological adaptability, stable production, high comprehensive utilization rate, environmental friendliness and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recovering aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings, provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a detailed schematic flow chart of a method for recovering aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings provided by the embodiment of the application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an actual operation flow of a method for recovering aluminum-containing minerals in bayer process red mud iron tailings according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present application are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
The inventive thinking of the application is:
the prior technology for extracting aluminum from Bayer process red mud firstly carries out chemical beneficiation treatment on untreated Bayer process red mud, and mainly comprises the steps of mixing the Bayer process red mud with alkali liquor and lime and then dissolving out the mixture under a high-temperature condition by a chemical method to recover aluminum oxide.
Therefore, how to simply extract and recycle the aluminum-containing minerals in the red mud is a technical problem which needs to be solved at present.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for recovering an aluminum-containing mineral in bayer process red mud iron tailings, the method comprising:
s1, pre-grading Bayer process red mud iron tailings according to preset granularity to obtain coarse-grain-level high-iron concentrate;
s2, carrying out wet strong magnetic separation on the coarse-grain high-iron concentrate to obtain coarse aluminum concentrate and first iron mineral respectively;
s3, carrying out gravity separation and purification treatment on the rough aluminum concentrate to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron mineral respectively;
s4, combining the first iron mineral and the second iron mineral to obtain iron concentrate.
In the embodiment of the application, two products of aluminum concentrate and iron concentrate can be respectively obtained by a pre-grading and magnetic gravity combined sorting technology, the obtained aluminum concentrate can be directly returned to an oxidation production system to generate an aluminum oxide product, and the iron concentrate can be used as a raw material for producing the iron aluminate cement, so that the secondary product generated by simultaneous treatment and recovery of aluminum-containing minerals in the Bayer process red mud iron tailings can be simply and effectively extracted and recovered.
In some alternative embodiments, the predetermined particle size is from 0.023mm to 0.074mm.
In the embodiment of the application, the positive effect of controlling the specific preset granularity is that the aluminum-containing minerals in the iron tailings of the Bayer process red mud are unevenly distributed, and the aluminum content of the coarse fraction is higher than that of the fine fraction as a whole, so that coarse-grain high-iron concentrate with higher aluminum content can be screened out within the range of the preset granularity, thereby being convenient for the subsequent wet high-intensity magnetic separation process.
In some alternative embodiments, the number of pre-fractionation is 1 to 3.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific number of times of preliminary classification is controlled to have the positive effect that the fine fraction with lower aluminum content is removed as much as possible through repeated preliminary classification within the range of the number of times to obtain the mineral with higher aluminum content.
In some alternative embodiments, the magnetic field strength of the wet high intensity magnetic separation is 1.0T to 1.7T.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific magnetic field intensity of the wet high-intensity magnetic separation is controlled, the separation of aluminum-containing minerals and iron impurities is facilitated, the iron content in aluminum concentrate is reduced as much as possible, the yield of the aluminum concentrate is reduced and the aluminum minerals are lost in high-iron tailings due to the fact that the intensity is too high, and the separation of the aluminum-containing minerals and the iron impurities is not realized due to the fact that the magnetic field intensity is too low, so that the iron impurity content of the aluminum concentrate is high.
In some alternative embodiments, the number of times of wet high intensity magnetic separation is 1 to 3.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific times of controlling the wet strong magnetic separation are that the iron content in the aluminum concentrate is reduced as much as possible through repeated strong magnetic separation, so that purer aluminum concentrate is obtained.
In some alternative embodiments, the gravity separation purification treatment comprises at least one of a shaker gravity separation, a centrifuge gravity separation, and a chute gravity separation process.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific type of the gravity separation and purification treatment is controlled, and the effect of the gravity separation and purification treatment can be ensured, thereby improving the Al concentrate as much as possible 2 O 3 Content and sufficiently reduce impurity SiO 2 With Fe 2 O 3 To obtain a high quality aluminum concentrate.
In some alternative embodiments, the number of reselection purification treatments is 1-3.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific times of the re-selection purification treatment are controlled, and the Al concentrate is improved as much as possible through repeated re-selection purification treatment 2 O 3 Content of SiO impurity is reduced sufficiently 2 With Fe 2 O 3 Content, thereby enabling to obtain high quality aluminum concentrate.
In some alternative embodiments, the chemical components of the bayer process red mud iron tailings, in mass fractions, comprise:
Al 2 O 3 ≥18％，SiO 2 ≤13％，Fe 2 O 3 less than or equal to 30 percent, and the balance is unavoidable impurities.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific content of the Bayer process red mud iron tailings is controlled, so that the Bayer process red mud iron tailings can be ensured to contain enough aluminum element, and meanwhile, the subsequent high-quality aluminum concentrate products can be ensured to be obtained.
In some alternative embodiments, the Al satisfies: the coarse fraction aluminum content > the fine fraction aluminum content.
In the embodiment of the application, the relationship between the coarse fraction content and the fine fraction content of aluminum in the Bayer process red mud iron tailings is controlled, so that the recovery method can be used for recovering and obtaining high-quality aluminum concentrate products.
Coarse fraction refers to mineral particles having a particle size of 0.023mm to 0.074mm or more, and fine fraction refers to mineral particles having a particle size of 0.023mm to 0.074mm or less.
In some optional embodiments, the pre-grading the bayer process red mud iron tailings with a preset particle size to obtain coarse-grain high-iron concentrate comprises the following steps:
s101, wet pre-grading the Bayer process red mud iron tailings according to preset granularity to respectively obtain fine-particle-grade tailings and coarse-particle-grade high-iron concentrate;
s102, dehydrating the fine-fraction tailings, and piling up to obtain piled-up tailings.
In the embodiment of the application, the step of wet pre-classification is specifically limited, the Bayer process red mud iron tailings can be separated into fine-size tailings and coarse-size high-iron concentrates through wet pre-classification, and then the fine-size tailings are treated, so that the piled tailings meeting the piling requirement can be obtained.
The application will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental procedures, which are not specified in the following examples, are generally determined according to national standards. If the corresponding national standard does not exist, the method is carried out according to the general international standard, the conventional condition or the condition recommended by the manufacturer.
Example 1
The Bayer process red mud iron tailings in Guangxi places are selected, and the chemical components of the Bayer process red mud iron tailings in mass fraction include: al (Al) 2 O 3 ：19.25％，SiO 2 ：12.52％，Fe 2 O 3 :25.52 percent, wherein the useful minerals in the Bayer process red mud iron tailings are diaspore and gibbsite, and the gangue minerals are mainly goethite, hematite, calcite and hydrated garnet. As shown in fig. 3, the actual recovery steps are as follows:
carrying out coarse (spiral chute) and fine (high-frequency vibrating screen) wet pre-separation classification on Bayer process red mud iron tailings in Guangxi places by using a spiral chute and a high-frequency vibrating screen in series and taking 0.074mm as a limit, so as to obtain coarse-grain high-iron concentrate and fine-grain tailings, and carrying out dehydration treatment on the fine-grain tailings to obtain tailings;
the LGS type high gradient magnetic separator is utilized to carry out rough (magnetic field intensity is 1.1T) and rough (magnetic field intensity is 1.7T) 2 times of strong magnetic separation impurity removal on coarse-grain high-iron concentrate, coarse aluminum concentrate and first iron minerals are obtained, the coarse aluminum concentrate is subjected to rough (slurry shaking table) and fine (fine shaking table) reselection to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron minerals, the first iron minerals and the second iron minerals are combined to obtain iron concentrate (byproducts) which can be used as raw materials for producing the aluminoferrite cement, and the aluminum concentrate can be directly returned to an alumina production system for producing alumina.
The yield of the obtained aluminum concentrate was 11.25%, al 2 O 3 Grade of 47.23%, siO 2 The grade of (2) was 3.85%, the A/S was 12.27, and the specific data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Table of results of recovery test of aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings
As is clear from Table 1, in addition to the above-mentioned aluminum concentrate, 12.71% of Fe was obtained 2 O 3 Iron concentrate (by-product) with the content of 43.25 percent, and the discharge amount of red mud is reduced by 23.96 percent.
Example 2
Example 2 and example 1 were compared, and the difference between example 2 and example 1 is that:
the method comprises the steps of selecting Bayer process red mud iron tailings in a certain region of Yunnan, wherein the chemical components of the Bayer process red mud iron tailings comprise: al (Al) 2 O 3 ：20.97％，SiO 2 ：10.85％，Fe 2 O 3 :26.52 percent, wherein the useful minerals in the Bayer process red mud iron tailings are diaspore and gibbsite, and the gangue minerals are mainly goethite, hematite, rutile, quartz and calcite. As shown in fig. 3, the actual recovery steps are as follows:
carrying out primary coarse (using a hydrocyclone) and primary fine (using a high-frequency vibrating screen) wet pre-separation classification on Bayer process red mud iron tailings in a certain region of Yunnan by using a hydrocyclone and a high-frequency vibrating screen in series and taking 0.045mm as a limit to obtain coarse-grain high-iron concentrate and fine-grain tailings, and carrying out dehydration treatment on the fine-grain tailings as tailings and then conveying the tailings to a red mud dam for stockpiling;
carrying out rough (with magnetic field intensity of 1.2T) and rough (with magnetic field intensity of 1.6T) 2 times of strong magnetic separation and impurity removal on coarse-grain high-iron concentrate by utilizing a CS induction rod type strong magnetic separator to obtain rough aluminum concentrate and first iron mineral, carrying out rough (with a slurry table) and fine (with a fine table) gravity separation on the rough aluminum concentrate to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron mineral, combining the first iron mineral and the second iron mineral to obtain iron concentrate (by-product) which can be used as a raw material for producing the aluminoferrite cement, and directly returning the aluminum concentrate to an alumina production system for producing alumina.
The yield of the obtained aluminum concentrate was 11.75%, al 2 O 3 Grade of 48.85%, siO 2 The grade was 3.78%, the A/S reached 12.97, and the specific data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 table of the results of the recovery test of the aluminum-containing minerals in the tailings of bayer process red mud iron separation
As is clear from Table 2, in addition to the above-mentioned aluminum concentrate, 12.71% of Fe was obtained 2 O 3 Iron concentrate (by-product) with 46.72 percent of content, and the discharge amount of red mud is reduced by 24.57 percent.
Example 3
Example 3 was compared with example 1, and the difference between example 3 and example 1 was:
the Bayer process red mud iron tailings in a Guizhou place are selected, and the chemical components of the Bayer process red mud iron tailings in terms of mass fraction comprise: al (Al) 2 O 3 ：22.75％，SiO 2 ：11.75％，Fe 2 O 3 :25.71 percent, wherein useful minerals in the iron tailings of the Bayer process red mud are gibbsite and diaspore, and gangue minerals are mainly aluminum limonite, hematite, kaolinite, rutile and quartz. As shown in fig. 3, the actual recovery steps are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out primary coarse (adopting a spiral chute) primary fine (adopting a hydrocyclone) wet pre-separation classification on Bayer process red mud iron tailings in a certain Guizhou area by utilizing the spiral chute and the hydrocyclone in series with each other with 0.038mm as a limit to obtain coarse-grain high-iron concentrate and fine-grain tailings, and carrying out dehydration treatment on the fine-grain tailings to be used as tailings to be sent to a red mud dam for stockpiling;
carrying out rough (with magnetic field intensity of 1.1T) and rough (with magnetic field intensity of 1.4T) 2 times of strong magnetic separation and impurity removal on coarse-grain high-iron concentrate by utilizing an SLon type vertical ring pulse high-gradient magnetic separator to obtain rough aluminum concentrate and first iron mineral, carrying out rough (with a hydrocyclone) and fine (with a fine grain shaking table) gravity separation on the rough aluminum concentrate to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron mineral, combining the first iron mineral and the second iron mineral to obtain iron concentrate (by-product) which can be used as a raw material for producing the aluminoferrite cement, and directly returning the aluminum concentrate to an alumina production system for producing alumina.
The yield of the obtained aluminum concentrate is 12.02%, al 2 O 3 Grade of 50.28%, siO 2 The grade was 3.95%, the A/S reached 12.73, and the specific data are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table of results of recovery test of aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings
As is clear from Table 3, in addition to the above-mentioned aluminum concentrate, 12.55% of Fe was obtained 2 O 3 Iron concentrate (by-product) with 46.71% content, and the red mud emission is reduced by 23.08%.
Example 4
Example 4 and example 1 were compared, and example 4 and example 1 differ in that:
the Bayer process red mud iron tailings in a certain place of Henan are selected, and the chemical components of the Bayer process red mud iron tailings comprise: al (Al) 2 O 3 ：18.42％，SiO 2 ：12.71％，Fe 2 O 3 :26.88%, wherein the useful minerals in the tailings of Bayer process red mud iron separation are gibbsite and diaspore, and the gangue minerals are mainly goethite, hematite, kaolinite, anatase, rutile, quartz and sodium aluminosilicate. As shown in fig. 3, the actual recovery steps are as follows:
carrying out coarse (using a hydrocyclone) and fine (using a high-frequency vibrating screen) wet pre-separation classification on Bayer process red mud iron tailings in a certain place in Henan by using a hydrocyclone and a high-frequency vibrating screen in series and taking 0.038mm as a limit, so as to obtain coarse-grain high-iron concentrate and fine-grain tailings, and carrying out dehydration treatment on the fine-grain tailings to be sent to a red mud dam for stockpiling;
the LHGC type vertical ring high gradient magnetic separator is utilized to carry out one-coarse (adopting magnetic field intensity of 1.3T) two-sweep (adopting magnetic field intensity of 1.6T) 3 times of strong magnetic separation impurity removal to coarse-grained high-iron concentrate, coarse-aluminum concentrate and first iron minerals are obtained, the coarse-aluminum concentrate is subjected to one-coarse (adopting a hydrocyclone) one-fine (adopting a slime shaker) reselection to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron minerals, the first iron minerals and the second iron minerals are combined to obtain iron concentrate (byproducts) which can be used as raw materials for producing the aluminoferrite cement, and the aluminum concentrate can be directly returned to an alumina production system for producing alumina.
The yield of the obtained aluminum concentrate was 11.11%, al 2 O 3 Grade of 48.20%, siO 2 The grade was 4.13% and the A/S reached 11.67, and the specific data are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 case of test results for recovery of aluminum-containing minerals from Bayer process red mud iron tailings
As is clear from Table 4, in addition to the above-mentioned aluminum concentrates, the above-mentioned aluminum concentrates were obtained in a yield of 11.97% and Fe 2 O 3 The content of iron concentrate (by-product) is 49.12%, and the discharge amount of red mud is reduced by 23.08%.
Example 5
Example 5 was compared with example 1, and the difference between example 5 and example 1 was:
the Bayer process red mud iron tailings in a certain mountain area are selected, and the chemical components of the Bayer process red mud iron tailings in terms of mass fraction comprise: al (Al) 2 O 3 ：25.78％，SiO 2 ：11.44％，Fe 2 O 3 :26.17 percent, wherein useful minerals in the iron tailings of the Bayer process red mud are gibbsite and diaspore, and gangue minerals are mainly goethite, hematite, kaolinite, anatase, rutile, quartz and sodium aluminosilicate. As shown in fig. 3, the actual recovery steps are as follows:
the spiral chute is connected in series with the high-frequency vibrating screen, and the 0.023mm limit is used for carrying out primary coarse (spiral chute) primary fine (high-frequency vibrating screen) wet pre-separation classification on Bayer process red mud iron tailings in certain mountain areas, coarse-grain high-iron concentrate and fine-grain tailings are obtained, and the fine-grain tailings are sent to a red mud dam as tailings for piling after dehydration treatment;
the LHGC type vertical ring high gradient magnetic separator and the SLon type vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator are used for carrying out rough (adopting the LHGC type vertical ring high gradient magnetic separator and the magnetic field strength of 1.3T) one sweep (adopting the SLon type vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator and the magnetic field strength of 1.6T) 2 times of strong magnetic separation and impurity removal to obtain rough aluminum concentrate and first iron mineral, the rough aluminum concentrate is subjected to rough (adopting a hydrocyclone) one concentrate (adopting a slurry shaking table) reselection to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron mineral, the first iron mineral and the second iron mineral are combined to obtain iron concentrate (byproducts) which can be used as raw materials for producing the aluminoferrite cement, and the aluminum concentrate can be directly returned to an alumina production system for producing alumina.
The yield of the obtained aluminum concentrate was 13.32%, al 2 O 3 Grade 51.11%, siO 2 The grade was 4.01% and the A/S reached 12.75, and the specific data are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 Table of recovery test results of aluminum-containing minerals in Bayer process red mud iron tailings
As is clear from Table 5, in addition to the above-mentioned aluminum concentrates, 12.75% of Fe with a yield was obtained 2 O 3 Iron concentrate (by-product) with 48.75% content, and red mud emission is reduced by 27.07%.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 was compared with example 1, and the difference between comparative example 1 and example 1 was that:
the selected Bayer process red mud iron tailings are subjected to impurity removal and aluminum extraction by adopting a method shown in CN109250737A in the same example 1, wherein the recovery rate of aluminum oxide is 25.42%, and the discharge amount of dissolved red mud is increased by 20.71%.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 and example 2 were compared, and the comparative example 2 and example 2 differ in that:
the selected Bayer process red mud iron tailings are subjected to impurity removal and aluminum extraction by adopting a method shown in CN109250737A in the same example 2, wherein the recovery rate of aluminum oxide is 24.71%, and the discharge amount of dissolved red mud is increased by 20.22%.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 and example 2 were compared, and the difference between comparative example 3 and example 2 is that:
the selected Bayer process red mud iron tailings are subjected to impurity removal and aluminum extraction by adopting a method shown in CN109250737A, wherein the recovery rate of aluminum oxide is 26.57%, and the discharge amount of dissolved red mud is increased by 21.46%.
Correlation data and analysis:
from the data of example 1 and comparative example 1, it can be seen that: compared with the recovery rate of the alumina in the embodiment 1 of 27.60%, the recovery rate of the alumina is 2.18%, and the aluminum extraction in the embodiment 1 is that the red mud is subjected to high-temperature high-alkali alkaline leaching after being ground, so that the problems of complex process, high cost, increased discharge amount of the red mud and the like exist, and the method used in the embodiment 1 is not suitable for extracting the aluminum from the iron tailings of the Bayer process red mud.
From the data of example 2 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that: compared with the alumina recovery rate of 27.37% in the comparative example 2, the alumina recovery rate is reduced by 2.66%, and the alumina extraction in the comparative example 2 is high-temperature high-alkali alkaline leaching of red mud after ore grinding, and has the problems of complex process, high cost, increased red mud discharge amount and the like, so the method used in the comparative example 1 is not suitable for extracting the alumina from the Bayer process red mud iron tailings, and the method is necessary to extract the alumina from the Bayer process red mud iron tailings.
From the data of example 3 and comparative example 3, it can be seen that: compared with the 27.60% alumina recovery rate in the comparative example 3, the 27.60% alumina recovery rate in the comparative example 3 is lower than that in the comparative example 3, and the process in the example 3 has the advantages of simple process, no pollution, low cost, high benefit, environmental friendliness and the like compared with the process in the example 3, so that the method disclosed by the application is necessary to extract aluminum from the Bayer process red mud iron tailings.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) The method provided by the application realizes the purpose of recovering the aluminum-containing mineral in the Bayer process red mud iron-separating tailings by adopting a pre-grading-magnetic gravity combined separation technology, overcomes the problems of low aluminum-containing mineral content, uneven aluminum-containing mineral distribution (coarse grain content is higher than fine grain), difficult direct digestion, high direct digestion cost and the like in the Bayer process red mud iron-separating tailings, and has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low production cost, high recovery rate, strong process adaptability, stable production, high comprehensive utilization rate, environmental friendliness and the like.
(2) According to the application, aluminum-containing minerals are recovered from Bayer process red mud iron tailings, so that high-quality aluminum concentrate, cement raw materials (iron concentrate) can be obtained, the recovery rate of alumina is improved, the discharge amount of red mud can be reduced, the risk of the stacking of red mud materials on the environment is reduced, the service life of a red mud dam is prolonged, and the method has important significance in improving the surrounding environment quality of domestic alumina enterprises and relieving environmental protection pressure.
(3) The process adopted by the application is a physical separation process, and compared with a chemical method for recovering alumina by adopting the digestion reaction of red mud, alkali liquor and lime after mixing, the process flow is simple, the safety production coefficient is large, the production cost is lower, the alkalinity of tailings after physical beneficiation treatment is weakened, the hardening degree is reduced in the stacking process, the technical difficulty in subsequent excavation or reclamation is reduced, and the method has remarkable economic and social benefits.
Various embodiments of the application may exist in a range of forms; it should be understood that the description in a range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as a rigid limitation on the scope of the application; it is therefore to be understood that the range description has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and individual values within that range. For example, it should be considered that a description of a range from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, wherever applicable. In addition, whenever a numerical range is referred to herein, it is meant to include any reference number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.
In the present application, unless otherwise specified, terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used specifically to refer to the orientation of the drawing in the figures. In addition, in the description of the present specification, the terms "include", "comprising" and the like mean "including but not limited to".
Relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Herein, "and/or" describing an association relationship of an association object means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, may mean: a alone, a and B together, and B alone. Wherein A, B may be singular or plural. Herein, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "at least one", "at least one" or the like refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, "at least one (individual) of a, b, or c," or "at least one (individual) of a, b, and c," may each represent: a, b, c, a-b (i.e., a and b), a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or multiple, respectively.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recovering aluminum-containing minerals from bayer process red mud iron tailings, comprising:
pre-grading the Bayer process red mud iron tailings according to a preset granularity to obtain coarse-grain-level high-iron concentrate;
wet strong magnetic separation is carried out on the coarse-grain high-iron concentrate to obtain coarse aluminum concentrate and first iron mineral respectively;
carrying out gravity concentration and purification treatment on the rough aluminum concentrate to obtain aluminum concentrate and second iron mineral respectively;
and combining the first iron mineral and the second iron mineral to obtain iron concentrate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined particle size is from 0.023mm to 0.074mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of pre-fractionation is 1 to 3.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field strength of the wet high intensity magnetic separation is 1.0T to 1.7T.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the number of times of the wet strong magnetic separation is 1 to 3.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the reselection purification process comprises at least one of a shaker reselection, a centrifuge reselection, and a chute reselection process.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of reselection purification treatments is 1-3.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the chemical components of the bayer process red mud iron tailings, in mass fractions, comprise:
Al 2 O 3 ≥18％，SiO 2 ≤13％，Fe 2 O 3 less than or equal to 30 percent, and the balance is unavoidable impurities.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the Al satisfies: the coarse fraction aluminum content > the fine fraction aluminum content.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pre-classifying the bayer process red mud tailings with a predetermined particle size to obtain coarse-grain high-iron concentrate comprises the steps of:
wet pre-grading the Bayer process red mud iron tailings according to a preset granularity to respectively obtain fine-fraction tailings and coarse-grain high-iron concentrate;
and dehydrating the fine-fraction tailings, and piling up to obtain piled-up tailings.
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