CN116615088A - Magnetic tunnel junction, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Magnetic tunnel junction, preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116615088A
CN116615088A CN202310660242.2A CN202310660242A CN116615088A CN 116615088 A CN116615088 A CN 116615088A CN 202310660242 A CN202310660242 A CN 202310660242A CN 116615088 A CN116615088 A CN 116615088A
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China
Prior art keywords
tellurium
transition metal
tunnel junction
magnetic tunnel
alkene
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Inventor
朱思聪
刘斌
刘胜
王通通
于国荣
刘宵
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Priority to CN202310660242.2A priority Critical patent/CN116615088A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N50/00Galvanomagnetic devices
    • H10N50/10Magnetoresistive devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N50/00Galvanomagnetic devices
    • H10N50/01Manufacture or treatment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N50/00Galvanomagnetic devices
    • H10N50/80Constructional details
    • H10N50/85Magnetic active materials

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Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic tunnel junction, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the magnetic tunnel junction comprises the following components: a center scattering region, and left and right electrode regions directly connected to the center scattering region; the material of the central scattering region is tellurium alkene; the left electrode region and the right electrode region are transition metal doped tellurium alkene; the left electrode region and the right electrode region are under the same stress field. The magnetic tunnel junction is simple in design and high in magnetic resistance ratio and current transmission efficiency.

Description

Magnetic tunnel junction, preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic devices, in particular to a magnetic tunnel junction, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The magnetic tunnel junction is an important magnetic memory device and has wide application in the fields of magnetic random access memories, magnetic logic devices, magnetic sensors and the like. The magnetic tunnel junction is a structure composed of two magnetic layers sandwiching a fine tunnel layer, wherein the thickness of the tunnel layer is only a few nanometers, and is often made of insulating materials such as aluminum oxide or magnesium oxide). Because of the tunnel layer, even though the two magnetic layers are spinning in the same direction, a current can pass between the magnetic layers, a phenomenon known as the tunneling magnetoresistance effect, whose value is known as The Magnetoresistance Ratio (TMR) of the magnetic tunnel junction. Magnetic tunnel junctions have important applications in high density and high speed nonvolatile memories due to the special nature of the tunneling magnetoresistance effect. Compared with a transistor, the magnetic tunnel junction consumes less current, and has the advantages of rapid reading and writing, long-term stability, no need of refreshing, capacity expansion and the like. However, current magnetic tunnel junctions also face some problems. Taking aluminum oxide as an example, the defects mainly comprise low magnetic resistance, low current transmission efficiency and the like. Since the size of TMR is related to the spin polarization state of the magnetic layer, the spin polarization state of electrons in the current is difficult to control, which limits the maximum value of TMR. Therefore, how to improve TMR and current transmission efficiency is a worthy research problem in the field of magnetic tunnel junctions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a magnetic tunnel junction, a preparation method and application thereof, which are used for improving the magnetic resistance ratio and the current transmission efficiency of the magnetic tunnel junction.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a magnetic tunnel junction comprising:
a center scattering region, and left and right electrode regions directly connected to the center scattering region;
the material of the central scattering region is tellurium alkene;
the left electrode region and the right electrode region are transition metal doped tellurium alkene;
the left electrode region and the right electrode region are under the same stress field.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the magnetic tunnel junction, which comprises the following steps:
s1, heating original tellurium and a transition metal atom source in a high-vacuum reaction chamber, then introducing hydrogen, and depositing a layer of transition metal doped tellurium alkene film on a substrate;
s2, stopping heating the transition metal atom source, continuously introducing hydrogen, heating original tellurium, and depositing a layer of tellurium alkene film on the transition metal doped tellurium alkene film;
and S3, heating the original tellurium and the transition metal atom source again at the same time, continuously introducing hydrogen, and depositing a layer of transition metal doped tellurium thin film on the tellurium thin film to obtain a transition metal doped tellurium/transition metal doped tellurium sandwich structure, namely a magnetic tunnel junction.
To achieve the above object, the present invention also proposes the use of the above magnetic tunnel junction for a memory, a processor, a logic device or a sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the magnetic tunnel junction designed by the invention has simple design, the electrode area material and the central scattering area material are of the same structure, the difference is that the electrode material is doped with transition metal, namely the electrode material is doped by the scattering area material, so the adaptation degree of the electrode area and the scattering area is high, the mismatch rate is low, the splicing and the construction of the electrode area and the scattering are convenient, and the cost is relatively saved.
2. And taking the transition metal doped two-dimensional intrinsic semiconductor material tellurium as a material of the electrode region, wherein the electron transport track of the left electrode region and the right electrode region under zero stress is opposite to the electron transport track of the left electrode region and the right electrode region under tensile stress. That is, the structure changes the physical and chemical properties of the magnetic tunnel junction under the action of strain, and the physical and chemical properties are embodied on the current: the spin orbits contributed by the current are different at different stresses. Therefore, compared with the traditional magnetic tunnel junction designed by the traditional Van der Waals material, the magnetic tunnel junction provided by the invention can show obvious tunneling magneto-resistance effect under the action of stress, which is beneficial to the application of the magnetic tunnel junction in a memory unit, a processor unit and the like. In addition, the intrinsic semiconductor material has high carrier mobility, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the existing magnetic tunnel junction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a structural side view of a magnetic tunnel junction;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a structure of a magnetic tunnel junction;
FIG. 3 is a plot of current versus voltage for zero stress in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a plot of current versus voltage for tensile stress in example 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the energy band situation of a magnetic tunnel junction with three doping ratios.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
The invention provides a magnetic tunnel junction, which comprises a central scattering region, and a left electrode region and a right electrode region which are directly connected with the central scattering region, wherein the material of the central scattering region is tellurium alkene, and the material of the left electrode region and the material of the right electrode region are transition metal doped tellurium alkene. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, side and top views of the magnetic tunnel junction of the present invention are provided.
The left electrode region and the right electrode region are under the same stress field. The two electrode regions must be in the same stress field to ensure the same degree of band inversion. If the stress fields on two sides are different, the energy bands are turned differently, so that under the action of voltage, current is difficult to generate or the generated current is low.
Preferably, the transition metal doped tellurium alkene has a doping ratio of 1/6 to 1/3. A doping ratio higher than 1/3 causes deformation of the doped structure, is difficult to prepare, and an excessively low doping ratio causes difficulty in transition of electrons. The magnetic tunnel junction energy band prepared by adopting the doping proportion in the scheme is reduced, a Dirac-like structure is formed, and electron transition is facilitated. In conclusion, the proportion of the scheme is favorable for reducing the effective mass and increasing the carrier concentration.
Preferably, the tellurium alkene is beta-tellurium alkene; the transition metal doped position is the bridge position of beta-tellurium alkene. In elevation, the bridging atom is between the top and bottom positions and is therefore referred to as a bridging position.
Preferably, the transition metal is vanadium, titanium or scandium.
Preferably, the left electrode region and the right electrode region are made of the same material. First, the same material can reduce costs in experimentation or production. Second, the same material can facilitate the same deformation and band change under stress. Thirdly, the scheme is characterized in that the whole device can be made of tellurium, and the difference is that the scattering area is single-layer tellurium, the electrode area is tellurium doped with transition metal elements, and the structure is simple and the preparation is convenient.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the magnetic tunnel junction, which comprises the following steps:
s1, heating original tellurium and a transition metal atom source in a high-vacuum reaction chamber, then introducing hydrogen, and depositing a layer of transition metal doped tellurium alkene film on a substrate;
s2, stopping heating the transition metal atom source, continuously introducing hydrogen, heating original tellurium, and depositing a layer of tellurium alkene film on the transition metal doped tellurium alkene film;
and S3, heating the original tellurium and the transition metal atom source again at the same time, continuously introducing hydrogen, and depositing a layer of transition metal doped tellurium thin film on the tellurium thin film to obtain a transition metal doped tellurium/transition metal doped tellurium sandwich structure, namely a magnetic tunnel junction.
It will be appreciated that the thickness of the component deposited each time is the length of the corresponding respective region.
Preferably, the material of the substrate is gold, silver, platinum, iron or aluminum. The substrate material is selected from metal materials which are easy to deform under heating.
Preferably, in S1, the distance between the original tellurium and the source of transition metal atoms is 2-10cm;
the heating temperature of original tellurium is 350-450 ℃;
the heating temperature of the transition metal atom source is 500-800 ℃;
in S1, S2 and S3, the deposition time is 20-40min.
Preferably, in S1, the distance between the original tellurium and the source of transition metal atoms is 5cm.
The invention also proposes an application of a magnetic tunnel junction, applied to a memory, a processor, a logic device or a sensor.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the magnetic tunnel junction of the present invention includes a single layer of tellurium in the central scattering region, and VTe2 in the left and right electrode regions. Tellurium olefins in which VTe2 of the left and right electrode regions is the central scattering region are prepared using transition metal vanadium doping. Wherein the transition metal vanadium is vaporized by heating by means of an electric arc furnace apparatus.
Wherein the area of the single-side electrode is 1.32 nanometers, and the central scattering area is 0.44 nanometers. In this embodiment, the device length is 3.1 nanometers. The left electrode area is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, and the right electrode area is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply. In this embodiment, the electrode regions may have different lengths, and the only requirement to be fixed is that the scattering region length needs to be 0.44nm, and the electrode region length is only the test length, which can be theoretically increased, and has no influence on the result. The ratio of the length of the single-side electrode to the length of the scattering region is 3:1, the electrode can be increased to 4:1 or 5:1.
the substrate of the device is gold, the gold in the case of 300 Kelvin temperature is taken as an initial state, zero stress is recorded, and the gold in the state of higher than 300 Kelvin temperature is taken as a tensile stress.
In this embodiment, the components of the magnetic tunnel junction are in a uniform environment.
FIG. 2 is a graph of current versus voltage for zero strain with bias voltages in the range of 0.05 to 0.15V, with bias voltage on the abscissa and current on the ordinate. The current is divided into total current (total), spin up current (spin up), spin down current (spin down). The total current is the sum of the spin-up and spin-down currents. In fig. 2, the current increases with increasing voltage, exhibiting a linear function change. In the case of zero stress shown in fig. 2, the current is mainly contributed by electrons with spin down, with a current of 300nA at the most.
FIG. 3 is a graph of current versus voltage for a 4.75% strain in tension with bias voltage in the range of 0.05 to 0.15V, with bias voltage on the abscissa and current on the ordinate. The current is divided into total current (total), spin up current (spin up), spin down current (spin down). The total current is the sum of the spin-up and spin-down currents. In fig. 2, the current increases with increasing voltage, essentially exhibiting a linear function change. In the case of zero strain shown in fig. 3, the current is mainly contributed by electrons in the spin direction. The current is at most 800nA
It can be seen that the current increases significantly after stretching.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that: the doping ratio of the transition metal V in example 1 was 1/3, and the doping ratio of the transition metal V in comparative example 1 was 1/27.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 only in that: the doping ratio of the transition metal V in example 1 was 1/3, and the doping ratio of the transition metal V in comparative example 1 was 1/12.
By testing the doping of the three ratios 1/27 (3 x 1), 1/12 (2 x 1) and 1/3 (1 x 1), it was found that with the 1/27 and 1/12 doping ratios, a larger band gap still exists, about 0.92eV, which is detrimental to the electron cross-fischer transition, but at a doping ratio of 1/3 a direct band gap of dirac-like structure appears in the band gap and the band gap is reduced to 0.33eV, which is significantly lower than before. Such a small band gap, compressing the lattice using external forces, may form a band structure similar to graphene, enabling significant current flow in the magnetic tunnel junction. As shown in fig. 5, a schematic diagram of the band profile of a magnetic tunnel junction is provided with three doping ratios.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A magnetic tunnel junction comprising:
a center scattering region, and left and right electrode regions directly connected to the center scattering region;
the material of the central scattering region is tellurium alkene;
the left electrode region and the right electrode region are transition metal doped tellurium alkene;
the left electrode region and the right electrode region are under the same stress field.
2. The magnetic tunnel junction of claim 1 wherein the transition metal doped tellurium is doped in a ratio of 1/6 to 1/3.
3. The magnetic tunnel junction of claim 1 wherein the tellurium alkene is β -tellurium alkene;
the transition metal doped position is the bridge position of beta-tellurium alkene.
4. The magnetic tunnel junction of claim 1 wherein the transition metal is vanadium, titanium or scandium.
5. The magnetic tunnel junction of claim 1 wherein the left and right electrode regions are of the same material.
6. The method of manufacturing a magnetic tunnel junction according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method comprises:
s1, heating original tellurium and a transition metal atom source in a high-vacuum reaction chamber, then introducing hydrogen, and depositing a layer of transition metal doped tellurium alkene film on a substrate;
s2, stopping heating the transition metal atom source, continuously introducing hydrogen, heating original tellurium, and depositing a layer of tellurium alkene film on the transition metal doped tellurium alkene film;
and S3, heating the original tellurium and the transition metal atom source again at the same time, continuously introducing hydrogen, and depositing a layer of transition metal doped tellurium thin film on the tellurium thin film to obtain a transition metal doped tellurium/transition metal doped tellurium sandwich structure, namely a magnetic tunnel junction.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the substrate is gold, silver, platinum, iron or aluminum.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in S1, the distance between the original tellurium and the source of the transition metal atoms is 2-10cm;
the heating temperature of original tellurium is 350-450 ℃;
the heating temperature of the transition metal atom source is 500-800 ℃;
in S1, S2 and S3, the deposition time is 20-40min.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein in S1, the distance between the original tellurium and the source of the transition metal atoms is 5cm.
10. The use of a magnetic tunnel junction according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the magnetic tunnel junction is used in a memory, a processor, a logic device or a sensor.
CN202310660242.2A 2023-06-06 2023-06-06 Magnetic tunnel junction, preparation method and application thereof Pending CN116615088A (en)

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CN202310660242.2A CN116615088A (en) 2023-06-06 2023-06-06 Magnetic tunnel junction, preparation method and application thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publications (1)

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CN116615088A true CN116615088A (en) 2023-08-18

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