CN116613857A

CN116613857A - Charging circuit, charging control method, chip and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN116613857A
Application number: CN202310646286.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宁宁; 王伟
Original assignee: Xi'an Xinhai Microelectronics Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Xinhai Microelectronics Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-01
Filing date: 2023-06-01
Publication date: 2023-08-18

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of charging, and provides a charging circuit, a charging control method, a chip and electronic equipment, wherein the charging circuit comprises: the power supply input end is used for receiving an input power supply; the power supply output end is used for connecting with the anode of the battery; the charging current adjusting module is connected with the power input end and the power output end and is used for activating the battery in an overdischarge state and adjusting the current flowing to the power output end from the power input end so as to charge the battery in a constant current manner; and the charging current detection module is connected with the charging current adjustment module and the battery anode and is used for detecting the charging current of the charging current adjustment module. Through charge current adjustment module and charge current detection module, can realize that the overdischarge cell activates, real-time detection charge current and adjustment charge current, can avoid causing the battery to damage because the electric current is too big when overdischarge cell activates, prolong the life of battery, need not additionally to increase current source and activation circuit, with low costs, circuit layout pressure is little.

Description

Charging circuit, charging control method, chip and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a charging circuit, a charging control method, a chip and electronic equipment.

Background

Current charging schemes for portable electronic devices fall broadly into two categories: the first type is linear charging, which is relatively low in cost, but has a small charging current, resulting in a long charging time. The second type is switching power supply charging, which is relatively costly, but the charging current is large, the power can be hundreds of watts, and common fast charging schemes are generally of this type.

Whether linear or switching power supply charging schemes, the cost is relatively high compared to portable electronic products, and the related devices of the externally-hung charging circuit also increase the pressure of the layout of the PCB (Printed Circuit Board ). Linear charging has certain advantages in terms of both cost and layout space. However, the traditional linear charging scheme is realized by a low-dropout linear voltage regulator, so that the cost is high; or the integrated circuit of the charging chip, the external field effect transistor and the triode is used, a current source is added in the chip, and the external field effect transistor and the triode also cause layout space pressure. In addition, if the current portable electronic equipment is not used for a long time, the residual electric quantity of the battery can be thoroughly discharged, and finally the battery is excessively discharged, so that the electronic equipment cannot be normally used, and the user experience is affected. Conventional schemes require additional activation circuitry, resulting in increased circuit layout pressure.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit, a charging control method, a chip, and an electronic device, so as to solve the above technical problems.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging circuit, including

The power supply input end is used for receiving an input power supply;

the power supply output end is used for connecting with the anode of the battery;

the charging current adjusting module is connected with the power input end and the power output end and is used for activating the battery in an overdischarge state and adjusting the current flowing to the power output end from the power input end so as to charge the battery in a constant current manner;

and the charging current detection module is connected with the charging current adjustment module and the positive electrode of the battery and is used for detecting the charging current of the charging current adjustment module.

The embodiment can realize the activation of the overdischarge cell, detect the charging current in real time and adjust the charging current, can avoid the damage of the battery caused by overlarge current when the overdischarge cell is activated, and prolongs the service life of the battery; the circuit layout has the advantages of no need of additionally adding a current source and an activating circuit, low cost and small circuit layout pressure.

Optionally, the charging current adjusting module further comprises

The first current limiting unit is connected with the power input end;

The second current limiting unit is connected with the power supply output end;

the first switch unit is respectively connected with the power input end, the first current limiting unit and the second current limiting unit;

the second switch unit is respectively connected with the first current limiting unit, the second current limiting unit, the first switch unit and the power supply output end;

when the battery is in an overdischarge state, the first switch unit is closed, and the connection between the power input end and the power output end is conducted so as to activate the battery and charge the battery;

when the battery is in a charging state, the charging current of the battery is regulated through a constant current source loop formed by the first current limiting unit, the second current limiting unit, the first switch unit and the second switch unit.

The embodiment can realize constant-current charging control and over-discharge battery activation, can avoid battery damage caused by overlarge current during over-discharge battery activation, and prolongs the service life of the battery; the circuit layout has the advantages of no need of additionally adding a current source and an activating circuit, low cost and small circuit layout pressure.

Optionally, the charging current detection module includes:

the first voltage dividing unit is connected with the output of the charging current adjusting module;

The first signal output end is connected with the battery anode, the first voltage dividing unit and the main control unit and is used for outputting first power supply signals passing through the first voltage dividing unit and the battery anode to the main control unit respectively so that the main control unit detects the voltage of the battery and the voltage of the first voltage dividing unit according to the first power supply signals and determines the charging current according to the voltage of the battery and the voltage of the first voltage dividing unit.

This embodiment enables real-time detection of the charging current and adjustment of the charging current.

Optionally, the charging circuit further comprises:

and the charging voltage adjusting module is respectively connected with the charging current adjusting module, the power input end and the power output end and used for adjusting the charging voltage of the battery.

The embodiment can realize charging voltage adjustment, and has low cost and small circuit layout pressure.

Optionally, the charging voltage adjustment module includes:

the power supply end of the operational amplifier is connected with the power supply input end, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the current regulating module;

the voltage stabilizing module is connected with the first input end of the operational amplifier and the power input end and is used for providing stable voltage for the first input end;

And the amplifying module is connected with the second input end of the operational amplifier and the power output end and is used for amplifying the voltage input by the first input end and outputting the amplified voltage to the power output end.

This embodiment enables direct utilization of the operational amplifier integrated inside the chip, thereby saving cost and reducing circuit layout pressure.

Optionally, the voltage stabilizing module includes:

the third current limiting unit is connected with the power input end and the first input end;

and one end of the voltage stabilizing unit is connected with the third current limiting unit and the first input end, and the other end of the voltage stabilizing unit is grounded.

This embodiment can provide a stable reference voltage;

and one end of the filtering unit is connected with one end of the voltage stabilizing unit, and the other end of the filtering unit is connected with the other end of the voltage stabilizing unit.

Optionally, the amplifying module includes:

one end of the fourth current limiting unit is connected with the second input end, and the other end of the fourth current limiting unit is grounded;

and one end of the fifth current limiting unit is connected with the second input end, and the other end of the fifth current limiting unit is connected with the power output end.

The embodiment can work in a single-ended proportional amplification mode through the operational amplifier, and can realize charging voltage adjustment.

Optionally, the charging voltage adjustment module further includes:

and one end of the current limiting module is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the current limiting module is connected with the charging current adjusting module.

This embodiment can ensure that the charging current adjusting module can realize the current adjusting function.

Optionally, the charging circuit further comprises:

the signal input end is used for connecting the main control unit to receive the control signal output by the main control unit;

and the switch module is connected with the signal input end, the charging voltage regulating module or the charging current regulating module.

This embodiment is capable of controlling the state of the charging circuit by an external control signal.

Optionally, the switch module includes:

a sixth current limiting unit connected with the signal input end;

the third switch unit is connected with the charging voltage regulating module or the charging current module and is connected with the signal input end through the sixth current limiting unit;

and the seventh current limiting unit is connected with the sixth current limiting unit and the third switch unit.

Optionally, the charging circuit includes:

The voltage dividing module is connected with the power input end and the input of the charging current adjusting module and is used for outputting a second power signal according to the input power;

the second signal output end is connected with the voltage division module and the main control unit and is used for transmitting the second power supply signal to the main control unit so that the main control unit outputs the control signal according to the second power supply signal.

This embodiment enables real-time control of the state of the charging circuit.

Optionally, the charging circuit includes: and the filtering module is connected with the power supply output end and the output of the charging current adjusting module.

The embodiment can filter noise generated by the charging current adjusting module.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a charging control method, including:

when the battery is in an overdischarge state, controlling a charging current adjusting module to activate the battery according to an input power supply and charging the battery;

when the battery is in a charging state, the charging current is detected by the charging current detection module, the charging current of the battery is regulated by the charging current regulation module, and the charging voltage of the battery is regulated by the charging voltage regulation module.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, including the charging circuit described above.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including the above chip or the charging circuit.

According to the charging circuit, the charging control method, the chip and the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application, through the charging current adjusting module and the charging detection module, the activation of the overdischarge cell, the real-time detection of the charging current and the adjustment of the charging current can be realized, the damage of the cell caused by the overlarge current during the activation of the overdischarge cell can be avoided, the service life of the cell is prolonged, the additional addition of a current source and an activating circuit is not needed, the cost is low, and the circuit layout pressure is small.

These and other aspects of the application will be more readily apparent from the following description of the embodiments.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging current adjusting module according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging current adjusting module according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 shows a graph of the base current, collector current and collector-emitter voltage of a triode according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging current detection module according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging current detection module according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging voltage adjusting module according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a voltage stabilizing module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of an amplifying module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging voltage adjusting module according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging voltage adjusting module according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a current limiting module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 17 shows a schematic configuration of a switch module corresponding to the charging circuit of fig. 15.

Fig. 18 shows a schematic configuration of a switch module corresponding to the charging circuit of fig. 16.

Fig. 19 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a switch module corresponding to the charging circuit of fig. 17.

Fig. 20 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a switch module corresponding to the charging circuit of fig. 18.

Fig. 21 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of another charging circuit in the state of fig. 19.

Fig. 22 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of another charging circuit in the state of fig. 20.

Fig. 23 shows a schematic configuration of a voltage dividing module corresponding to the charging circuit of fig. 21.

Fig. 24 shows a schematic configuration of a voltage dividing module corresponding to the charging circuit of fig. 22.

Fig. 25 shows a schematic configuration of another charging circuit in the state of fig. 23.

Fig. 26 shows a schematic configuration of another charging circuit in the state of fig. 24.

Fig. 27 shows a schematic diagram of a configuration of a filter module corresponding to the charging circuit of fig. 26.

Fig. 28 shows a schematic diagram of a filter module corresponding to the charging circuit of fig. 26.

Fig. 29 shows a flowchart of a charge control method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the following description will make clear and complete descriptions of the technical solution of the present application in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

In the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

In describing embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean illustrated, described, or described. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "such as" in an embodiment of the application is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over another embodiment or design. The use of words such as "example" or "such as" is intended to present relative concepts in a clear manner.

In addition, the term "plurality" in the embodiments of the present application means two or more, and in view of this, the term "plurality" may be understood as "at least two" in the embodiments of the present application. "at least one" may be understood as one or more, for example as one, two or more. For example, including at least one means including one, two or more, and not limiting what is included, e.g., including at least one of A, B and C, then A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, may be included.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, "and/or" describe the association relationship of the association object, which means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may be represented: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship.

It should be noted that in embodiments of the present application, "connected" may be understood as electrically connected, and two electrical components may be connected directly or indirectly between the two electrical components. For example, a may be directly connected to B, or indirectly connected to B via one or more other electrical components.

The first pole/first end of each transistor employed in the embodiments of the present application is one of the source and the drain, and the second pole/second end of each transistor is the other of the source and the drain. Since the source and drain of the transistor may be symmetrical in structure, the source and drain may be indistinguishable in structure, that is, the first pole/first terminal and the second pole/second terminal of the transistor in embodiments of the present application may be indistinguishable in structure. Illustratively, in the case where the transistor is a P-type transistor, the first pole/first terminal of the transistor is the source and the second pole/second terminal is the drain; illustratively, in the case where the transistor is an N-type transistor, the first pole/first terminal of the transistor is the drain and the second pole/second terminal is the source.

The charging circuit 200 provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to the portable electronic device 300 shown in fig. 1, wherein the electronic device 300 at least can comprise a rechargeable battery 301 and a main control unit 302, wherein the rechargeable battery 301 is connected with the charging circuit 200, the battery 301 is used for providing electric energy required by normal operation of the electronic device 300, and the main control unit 302 can be a main control chip and is used for generating a control signal for controlling the charging circuit 200. As an embodiment, the control signal may comprise at least a level signal. The level signal is a level signal for controlling the state of the charging circuit 200, and as an embodiment, the state of the charging circuit 200 may include charge enable and charge off. The charging circuit 200 of this embodiment may receive an input power of an external power supply device and perform charging control on the battery 301 according to a control signal output from the main control unit 302.

In an application scenario, if the portable electronic device 300, such as an electronic cigarette, an electric toothbrush, a shaver, etc., is not used for a long time, the remaining power of the battery 301 is completely discharged, and finally the battery 301 is overdischarged (the battery voltage is 0V), so that the electronic device 300 cannot be used normally, and the user experience is affected. However, during activation of the battery 301, when the amount of electricity of the battery 301 is low, the battery 301 is easily damaged due to an excessive charging current. In another application scenario, the battery 301 supports linear charging, but the charging current is small, resulting in a longer charging time. In another application scenario, the battery 301 supports switching power supply charging, but the charging current is large, which easily leads to battery damage. In the above application scenario, the linear charging and the switching power supply charging are applied to the portable electronic device 300, which has high cost and high circuit layout pressure. The charging control method and the charging circuit 200 provided by the embodiment of the application can solve the problems caused by the application scenario.

As shown in fig. 2, the charging circuit 200 includes a power input terminal 10, a power output terminal 20, a charging current adjusting module 30, and a charging current detecting module 40. Wherein the power input terminal 10 is used for receiving an input power; the power output terminal 20 is used for connecting with the anode of the battery 301; the charging current adjusting module 30 is connected to the power input terminal 10 and the power output terminal 20, and is used for activating the battery 301 in an overdischarge state and adjusting the current flowing to the power output terminal 20 from the power input terminal 10 so as to perform constant current charging on the battery 301; the charging current detection module 40 is connected to the charging current adjustment module 30 and the positive electrode of the battery 301, and is configured to detect the charging current of the charging current adjustment module 30.

According to the embodiment, through the charging current adjusting module 30 and the charging current detecting module 40, the over-discharge battery can be activated, the charging current can be detected in real time, and the charging current can be adjusted, so that the damage of the battery 301 caused by the overlarge current during the over-discharge battery activation can be avoided, the service life of the battery 301 is prolonged, a current source and an activating circuit are not required to be additionally added, the cost is low, and the circuit layout pressure is small. The charging circuit 200 of this embodiment may be laid out inside or outside the chip, preferably inside the chip, and the effect of reducing the circuit layout pressure and the cost without increasing the circuit space layout can be achieved.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the charging current adjusting module 30 includes: a first current limiting unit 31, a second current limiting unit 32, a first switching unit 33, and a second switching unit 34. Wherein the first current limiting unit 31 is connected with the power input terminal 10; the second current limiting unit 32 is connected to the power output terminal 20; the first switch unit 33 is connected with the power input terminal 10, the first current limiting unit 31 and the second current limiting unit 32 respectively; the second switching unit 34 is connected to the first current limiting unit 31, the second current limiting unit 32, the first switching unit 33, and the power output terminal 20, respectively. When the battery 301 is in the over-discharge state, the first switch unit 33 is turned on to connect the power input terminal 10 and the power output terminal 20, so as to activate the battery 301 and charge the battery 301; when the first switching unit 33 is turned off, the connection between the power input terminal 10 and the power output terminal 20 is disconnected. When the battery 301 is in a charged state, the charging current of the battery 301 is regulated by a constant current source circuit formed by the first current limiting unit 31, the second current limiting unit 32, the first switching unit 33, and the second switching unit 34.

For example, referring to fig. 4, the first current limiting unit 31 is a first resistor R1, the second current limiting unit 32 is a second resistor R2, the first switching unit 33 is a first transistor Q1, and the second switching unit 34 is a second transistor Q2. In this embodiment, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power input end 10, two ends of the first resistor R1 are connected to the base and the collector of the first triode Q1 respectively, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is connected to the power output end 20 through the second resistor R2, the base of the second triode Q2 is connected to the emitter of the first triode Q1 and the second resistor R2, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected to the power output end 20, and the collector of the second triode Q2 is connected to the base of the first triode Q1.

In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 may be a constant resistor or a variable resistor, and when the battery 301 is activated, the magnitude of the base current (i.e. the activation current) of the first triode Q1 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the resistance of the first resistor R1, so that the battery 301 is not damaged due to excessive current in the activation process, and the service life of the battery 301 is prolonged. In this embodiment, the second resistor R2 may be a constant value resistor or a variable resistor, and when the electric quantity of the battery 301 is low, the charging current can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the second resistor R2 to realize constant current control, so as to ensure that the battery 301 is not damaged due to the overlarge charging current when the electric quantity of the battery 301 is low, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery 301. In a preferred embodiment, the first resistor R1 is a constant resistor, and the second resistor R2 is a variable resistor. When the charging circuit 200 is integrated in the chip, the second resistor R2 is a variable resistor, so that the resistor is convenient to adjust to realize constant current control, and the fixed value resistors with different resistance values do not need to be replaced, so that the problem that the efficiency and quality are affected due to frequent disassembly and assembly of electronic devices is avoided.

As an embodiment, when the battery 301 is in the over-discharge state, the voltage of the battery 301 is 0, the voltage of the first triode Q1 is also 0, if the power input terminal 10 has an input power, when the voltage Vbe between the base and the emitter of the first triode Q1 reaches the preset voltage threshold, the collector and the emitter of the first triode Q1 are turned on, and the input power charges the positive electrode of the battery 301, so as to activate the battery 301. Further, the preset voltage threshold is the lowest voltage value at which the first triode Q1 is turned on, and may be a default value, for example, the preset voltage threshold is 0.7V.

As an implementation manner, in this embodiment, in the process of activating the battery 301, the magnitude of the base current (activation current) of the first triode Q1 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the resistance value of the first resistor R1, so that it is ensured that the battery 301 is not damaged due to excessive current in the activation process, and thus the service life of the battery 301 is prolonged.

As an embodiment, when the battery 301 is in a charged state, the charging current of the battery 301 is regulated by a constant current source circuit formed by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the first transistor Q1, and the second transistor Q2.

For example, when the current flowing through the second resistor R2 increases, the voltage across the second resistor R2 increases, that is, the voltage Vbe between the base and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 increases, at this time, the second transistor Q2 operates in the amplifying region, and the current amplification factor of the second transistor Q2 is the ratio between the collector current Ic and the base current Ib, so that the resistance Rce between the collector and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 decreases with the increase of the voltage Vbe, while the voltage Vce between the collector and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 decreases with the decrease of the resistance Rce, and the voltage Vbe between the base and the emitter of the first transistor Q1 decreases with the decrease of the collector current Ic flowing through the first transistor Q1, that is, the current flowing through the second resistor R2 decreases. The relationship among the base current Ib, collector current Ic, and voltage Vce between the collector and emitter of the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 in this embodiment is shown in fig. 5. The relationship is determined by the properties of the device itself.

For example, when the current flowing through the second resistor R2 decreases, the voltage across the second resistor R2 decreases, that is, the voltage Vbe between the base and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 decreases, the resistance Rce between the collector and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 increases with the decrease of the voltage Vbe, the voltage Vce between the collector and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 increases with the increase of the resistance Rce, and the voltage Vbe between the base and the emitter of the first transistor Q1 increases with the increase of the collector current Ic flowing through the first transistor Q1, that is, the current flowing through the second resistor R2 increases.

In this embodiment, after the battery 301 is activated, the electronic device 300 can start to operate, and when the electric quantity of the battery 301 is low, the pre-charging current is adjusted repeatedly through the charging current adjusting module 30 to realize constant current control, so as to ensure that the battery 301 is not damaged due to the overlarge charging current when the electric quantity of the battery 301 is low, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery 301, and the charging current is the ratio between the voltage Vbe between the base and the emitter of the second triode Q2 and the resistance value of the second resistor R2.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the charging current detection module 40 includes: a first voltage dividing unit 41 and a first signal output terminal 42, the first voltage dividing unit 41 being connected to the first signal output terminal 42 and the output of the charging current adjusting module 30; the first signal output terminal 42 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 301 and the main control unit 302, and the first signal output terminal 42 is configured to output a first power signal that passes through the first voltage dividing unit 41 and the positive electrode of the battery 301 to the main control unit 302, so that the main control unit 302 detects the charging voltage of the battery 301 and the voltage of the first voltage dividing unit 41 according to the first power signal, and determines the charging current according to the voltage of the battery 301 and the voltage of the first voltage dividing unit 41.

The first signal output terminal 42 of this embodiment may be connected to a detection terminal of the main control unit 302, for example, an ADC (Analog-to-digital converter) terminal, and the voltage signal of the first voltage dividing unit 41 and the voltage signal of the positive electrode of the battery 301 are output through the first signal output terminal 42, and the detection terminal of the main control unit 302 detects the voltage of the first voltage dividing unit 41 according to the voltage signal of the first voltage dividing unit 41 and the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery 301 according to the voltage signal of the positive electrode of the battery 301. As an example, as shown in fig. 7, the first voltage dividing unit 41 is an eighth resistor R8, and the charging current, which is the ratio of the voltage difference between the eighth resistor R8 and the positive electrode of the battery 301 to the resistance value of the eighth resistor R8, can be calculated from the voltage of the eighth resistor R8, the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery 301, and the resistance value of the eighth resistor R8.

The embodiment can monitor the magnitude of the charging current in real time and adjust the resistance value of the second resistor R2 according to the voltage and the charging current of the battery 301 to realize adjustment of the charging current, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery 301.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the charging circuit 200 further includes: the charging voltage adjusting module 50, the charging voltage adjusting module 50 is connected with the charging current adjusting module 30, the power input terminal 10 and the power output terminal 20, and is used for adjusting the charging voltage of the battery 301. As an embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the charging voltage adjusting module 50 includes: the power supply end of the operational amplifier 51 is connected with the power input end 10, and the output end of the operational amplifier 51 is connected with the charging current adjusting module 30; the voltage stabilizing module 52 is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier 51 and the power input terminal 20, and is configured to provide a stabilized voltage to the first input terminal; the amplifying module 53 is connected to the second input terminal of the operational amplifier 51 and the power output terminal 20, and is configured to amplify the voltage input from the first input terminal and output the amplified voltage to the power output terminal 20. The operational amplifier 51 of this embodiment can directly utilize the operational amplifier 51 integrated inside the chip, thereby saving cost and reducing circuit layout pressure. Linear charging of the portable electronic device 300 may be achieved through the operational amplifier 51 and the charging current adjustment module 30.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 10, the voltage stabilizing module 52 includes: the third current limiting unit 521, the voltage stabilizing unit 522 and the filtering unit 523, wherein the third current limiting unit 521 is connected with the power input terminal 10 and the first input terminal; one end of the voltage stabilizing unit 522 is connected to the third current limiting unit 521 and the first input terminal, the other end of the voltage stabilizing unit 522 is grounded, one end of the filtering unit 523 is connected to one end of the voltage stabilizing unit 522, and the other end of the filtering unit 523 is connected to the other end of the voltage stabilizing unit 522. The reference voltage of the operational amplifier 51 is provided by the voltage stabilizing module 52, the input power of the power input terminal 10 forms a reference voltage through the third current limiting unit 521, the voltage stabilizing unit 522 and the filtering unit 523, and the reference voltage can be adjusted according to practical situations, such as 3.3V. In this embodiment, the third current limiting unit 521 and the filtering unit 523 can filter noise of the input power when the reference voltage is provided.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 11, the amplifying module 53 includes: a fourth current limiting unit 531 and a fifth current limiting unit 532, wherein one end of the fourth current limiting unit 531 is connected to the second input end, and the other end of the fourth current limiting unit 531 is grounded; one end of the fifth current limiting unit 532 is connected to the second input terminal, and the other end of the fifth current limiting unit 532 is connected to the power output terminal 20. In this embodiment, the operational amplifier 51 can operate in a single-ended proportional amplifying mode, so as to adjust the charging voltage, and the amplifying module 53 adjusts the charging voltage according to the reference voltage and the amplifying ratio, wherein the amplifying ratio is determined by the parameters of the fourth current limiting unit 531 and the fifth current limiting unit 532.

For example, referring to fig. 12, the third current limiting unit 521 is a third resistor R3, the voltage stabilizing unit 522 is a diode Z1, the filtering unit 523 is a first capacitor C1, the fourth current limiting unit 531 is a fourth resistor R4, the fifth current limiting unit 532 is a fifth resistor R5, the anode of the diode Z1 is grounded, the cathode of the diode Z1 is connected to the power input 10 through the third resistor R3, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of the diode Z1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the anode of the diode Z1, the first input of the operational amplifier 51 is connected to the cathode of the diode Z1, and the second input of the operational amplifier 51 is grounded through the fourth resistor R4 and connected to the power output 20 through the fifth resistor R5. In this embodiment, the amplification factor af= (r4+r5)/R4 of the amplifying module 43 can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance values of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5. In this embodiment, the full charge voltage of the battery 301 is the product of the reference voltage and the amplification factor, so the full charge voltage of the battery 301 can be adjusted by adjusting the reference voltage output by the voltage stabilizing module 52 and adjusting the amplification factor of the amplifying module 53. Taking the reference voltage of 3.3V as an example, the full charge voltage of the battery 301 is 3.3×af.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 13, the charging voltage adjusting module 50 further includes: the current limiting module 54, one end of the current limiting module 54 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier 51, and the other end of the current limiting module 54 is connected with the charging current adjusting module 30.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 14, the current limiting module 54 is a ninth resistor R9, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 51, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the base of the first triode Q1 and the collector of the second triode Q2, respectively.

The current limiting module 54 is configured to limit the base voltage of the first triode Q1 and the collector voltage of the second triode Q2 flowing to the output end of the operational amplifier 51, so that the charging current adjusting module 30 can implement a current adjusting function, and prevent the base voltage of the first triode Q1 and the collector voltage of the second triode Q2 from being unadjustable due to the excessively strong output capability of the operational amplifier 51, thereby resulting in a current adjusting failure of the charging current adjusting module 30.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 15 and 16, the charging circuit 200 further includes: the signal input end 70 and the switch module 60, wherein the signal input end 70 is used for being connected with the main control unit 302 to receive a control signal output by the main control unit 302; the switching module 60 is connected to the signal input terminal 70, the charging voltage adjusting module 50 (shown in fig. 15), or the charging current adjusting module 30 (shown in fig. 16) for controlling the state of the charging circuit 200 according to the first control signal. The signal input terminal 70 may be connected to a control terminal of the main control unit 302 through a pin, and the control signal includes a level signal controlling the state of the charging circuit 200. As shown in fig. 16, the voltage adjusting function can be realized by the signal input terminal 70, the switch module 60, the first signal output terminal 42, and the main control unit 302 being matched. Specifically, the first signal output terminal 42 is configured to output a first power signal that passes through the positive electrode of the battery 301 to the main control unit 302, so that the main control unit 302 detects the charging voltage of the battery 301 according to the first power signal, and determines whether to continue charging according to the charging voltage of the battery 301, if so, outputs a control signal to the signal input terminal 70 to control the switch module 60 to be closed, thereby enabling the charging circuit 200 to be in a charging enabling state to continue charging the battery 301, and the charging voltage continues to rise during the charging process of the battery 301. If not, a control signal is output to the signal input terminal 70 to control the switch module 60 to be turned off, so that the charging circuit 200 is in a charging off state, the battery 301 stops charging, and the battery 301 voltage is in a stable state.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 17 and 18, the switch module 60 includes: a sixth current limiting unit 61, a third switching unit 62, and a seventh current limiting unit 63, the sixth current limiting unit 61 being connected to the first signal input terminal 50; the third switching unit 62 is connected to the charge voltage adjusting module 50 (shown in fig. 17) or the charge current module 30 (shown in fig. 18) and is connected to the first signal input terminal 20 through the sixth current limiting unit 61; the seventh current limiting unit 63 is connected to the sixth current limiting unit 61 and the third switching unit 62.

Further, the third switching unit 62 may be a transistor or a field effect transistor.

The sixth current limiting unit 61 is a sixth resistor R6, the third switching unit 62 is a third transistor Q3, and the seventh current limiting unit 63 is a seventh resistor R7. Referring to fig. 19, a base of the third triode Q3 is connected to the signal input end 70 through a sixth resistor R6, a collector of the third triode Q3 is connected to a cathode of the diode Z1, an emitter of the third triode Q3 is grounded, and one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the base of the third triode Q3 and the other end is grounded. If the level signal input by the signal input terminal 70 is a high level signal, the seventh resistor R7 prevents the base voltage of the third triode Q3 from being pulled down to a preset voltage threshold, so as to turn on the third triode Q3, and the reference voltage is 0 at this time, that is, the voltages of the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier 51 are both 0V, so that the charging circuit 200 is in a charging off state; if the level signal input by the signal input terminal 70 is a low level signal, the third transistor Q3 is not turned on, and the voltage of the first input terminal of the operational amplifier 51 is the actual reference voltage, so that the charging circuit 200 is in the charging enable state. This embodiment is capable of controlling the state of charge of the charging circuit 200 via a control signal received at the signal input 70.

Referring to fig. 20, a base of a third triode Q3 is connected to the signal input end 70 through a sixth resistor R6, a collector of the third triode Q3 is connected to a base of the first triode Q1 and a collector of the second triode Q2, an emitter of the third triode Q3 is grounded, and one end of a seventh resistor R7 is connected to the base of the third triode Q3 and the other end is grounded. If the signal input end 70 inputs the level signal and the level signal is a high level signal, the seventh resistor R7 prevents the base voltage of the third triode Q3 from being pulled down to the preset voltage threshold, so as to conduct the third triode Q3, and the first triode Q1 is not conducted, so that the charging circuit 200 is in a charging off state; if the signal input terminal 70 inputs a level signal and the level signal is a low level signal, the third transistor Q3 is not turned on, and the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are turned on, so that the charging circuit 200 is in a charging enabled state. This embodiment is capable of controlling the state of charge of the charging circuit 200 via a control signal received at the signal input 70.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 21 and 22, the charging circuit 200 further includes a voltage dividing module 80 and a second signal output terminal 90, wherein the voltage dividing module 80 is connected to the power input terminal 10 and the input of the charging current adjusting module 30, and is configured to output a second power signal according to an input power; the second signal output end 90 is connected to the voltage dividing module 80 and the main control unit 302, and the second signal output end 90 is configured to transmit a second power signal to the main control unit 302, so that the main control unit 302 outputs a control signal according to the second power signal.

The second signal output terminal 90 of this embodiment may be connected to a detection terminal of the main control unit 302, for example, an ADC terminal, and outputs a second power signal through the second signal output terminal 90, where the detection terminal of the main control unit 302 detects the voltage of the voltage division module 80 according to the second power signal, and determines whether the voltage is within a preset charging voltage threshold range, if yes, a high level signal is output, and if not, a low level signal is output. The state of the charging circuit 200 can be controlled in real time according to the input power source through the voltage dividing module 80 and the second signal output terminal 90 in this embodiment.

In one implementation, the voltage dividing module 80 includes: as shown in fig. 23 and 24, the second voltage dividing unit is a tenth resistor R10, the third voltage dividing unit is an eleventh resistor R11, one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the power input terminal 10, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the second signal output terminal 90, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the second signal output terminal 90, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded. When the power input terminal 10 has an input power input, the tenth resistor R10 and the eleventh resistor R11 divide the voltage and input a second power signal to the second signal output terminal 90, the main control unit 302 receives the second power signal and detects the corresponding voltage, and determines whether the voltage is within the preset charging voltage threshold range, if yes, a high level signal is output to the first/second signal input terminal; if not, a low level signal is output to the first/second signal input terminal.

In one implementation, as shown in fig. 25 and 26, the charging circuit 200 includes: the filtering module 100, where the filtering module 100 is connected to the power output terminal 20 and the output of the charging current adjusting module 30, can filter noise generated by the charging current adjusting module 30 and/or provide a stable output voltage for the power output terminal 20.

As an example, as shown in fig. 27, the filtering module 100 includes a second capacitor C2 and a third capacitor C3, and the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to the output of the charging current adjusting module 30 and the power output terminal 20. The second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 can store the electric energy output by the charging current adjusting module 30, so that a stable output voltage can be provided for the power output terminal 20 in the current adjusting process.

As an example, as shown in fig. 28, the filtering module 100 further includes a fourth capacitor C4, where the fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3, and the fourth capacitor C4 is used for filtering noise generated by the charging current adjusting module 30.

The filter module 100 of this embodiment is preferably arranged outside the chip, and the layout outside the chip can reduce the circuit layout pressure inside the chip because the filter module 100 has a large size.

As shown in fig. 29, the embodiment of the present application further provides a charging control method, including the following steps:

step S10: when the battery is in an overdischarge state, the charging current adjusting module is controlled to activate the battery according to the input power supply and charge the battery.

Step S20: when the battery is in a charging state, the charging current is detected by the charging current detection module and is regulated by the charging current regulation module.

The charging control method of this embodiment is implemented by the above-mentioned charging circuit, and the charging circuit structure and the corresponding implementation principle method are described in detail in the foregoing, which is not described here again. The embodiment can realize constant-current charging control and over-discharge battery activation, can avoid battery damage caused by overlarge current during over-discharge battery activation, and prolongs the service life of the battery; the circuit layout has the advantages of no need of additionally adding a current source and an activating circuit, low cost and small circuit layout pressure.

The embodiment of the application also provides a chip, which comprises the charging circuit. The Chip (Integrated Circuit, IC) is also referred to as a Chip, which may be, but is not limited to, a SOC (System on Chip) Chip, SIP (System in package ) Chip. The chip can realize constant current charging control, voltage control and over-discharge cell activation simultaneously through the charging current adjusting module and the charging voltage adjusting module, can avoid battery damage caused by overlarge current during over-discharge cell activation, prolongs the service life of the battery, does not need to additionally increase a current source and an activating circuit, and has low cost and small circuit layout pressure.

The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which comprises an equipment main body and the chip arranged in the equipment theme. The electronic device may be, but is not limited to, a weight scale, a body fat scale, a nutritional scale, an infrared electronic thermometer, a pulse oximeter, a body composition analyzer, a mobile power supply, a wireless charger, a quick charger, an on-board charger, an adapter, a display, a USB (Universal Serial Bus ) docking station, a stylus, a real wireless headset, an automotive center control screen, an automobile, an intelligent wearable device, a mobile terminal, an intelligent home device. The intelligent wearing equipment comprises, but is not limited to, an intelligent watch, an intelligent bracelet and a cervical vertebra massage instrument. Mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, smartphones, notebook computers, tablet computers, POS (point of sales terminal, point of sale terminal) machines. The intelligent household equipment comprises, but is not limited to, an intelligent socket, an intelligent electric cooker, an intelligent sweeper and an intelligent lamp. The electronic equipment can realize constant current charging control, voltage control and overdischarge cell activation simultaneously through the charging current adjusting module and the charging voltage adjusting module, can avoid battery damage caused by overlarge current during overdischarge cell activation, prolongs the service life of the battery, does not need to additionally increase a current source and an activating circuit, and has low cost and small circuit layout pressure.

Although the present application has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments, but is capable of numerous modifications and equivalents, and alternative embodiments and modifications of the embodiments described above, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A charging circuit, comprising:

the power supply input end is used for receiving an input power supply;

2. The charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the charging current adjustment module comprises:

the first current limiting unit is connected with the power input end;

the second current limiting unit is connected with the power supply output end;

and when the battery is in a charging state, regulating the charging current of the battery through a constant current source loop formed by the first current limiting unit, the second current limiting unit, the first switching unit and the second switching unit.

3. The charging circuit of claim 2, wherein the charging current detection module comprises:

The first signal output end is connected with the battery anode, the first voltage division unit and the main control unit, and the first signal output end is used for respectively outputting first power supply signals passing through the first voltage division unit and the battery anode to the main control unit, so that the main control unit detects the voltage of the battery and the voltage of the first voltage division unit according to the first power supply signals, and determines the charging current according to the voltage of the battery and the voltage of the first voltage division unit.

4. The charging circuit of claim 3, wherein the charging circuit further comprises:

5. The charging circuit of claim 4, wherein the charging voltage adjustment module comprises:

the voltage stabilizing module is connected with the first input end of the operational amplifier and the power supply input end and is used for providing stable voltage for the first input end;

And the amplifying module is connected with the second input end of the operational amplifier and the power supply output end and is used for amplifying the voltage input by the first input end and outputting the amplified voltage to the power supply output end.

6. The charging circuit of claim 4, wherein the voltage regulation module comprises:

one end of the voltage stabilizing unit is connected with the third current limiting unit and the first input end, and the other end of the voltage stabilizing unit is grounded;

7. The charging circuit of claim 4, wherein the amplification module comprises:

8. The charging circuit of claim 5, wherein the charging voltage adjustment module further comprises:

9. A charging circuit as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8, comprising:

10. The charging circuit of claim 9, wherein the switching module comprises:

the sixth current limiting unit is connected with the signal input end;

the third switch unit is connected with the charging voltage regulating module or the charging current regulating module and is connected with the signal input end through the sixth current limiting unit;

11. The charging circuit of any of claims 1-8, comprising: the charging circuit includes:

12. The charging circuit of any of claims 1-8, comprising:

and the filtering module is connected with the power supply output end and the output of the charging current adjusting module.

13. A charging control method, characterized by comprising:

when the battery is in an overdischarge state, controlling a charging current adjusting module to activate the battery and charge the battery according to an input power supply;

when the battery is in a charging state, detecting charging current through a charging current detection module and adjusting the charging current of the battery through a charging current adjustment module.

14. A chip comprising a charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-11.

15. An electronic device comprising a device body and a chip as claimed in claim 14 or a charging circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 provided to the device body.