CN116613713A - Thyristor-based hybrid direct current breaker and application method thereof - Google Patents
Thyristor-based hybrid direct current breaker and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116613713A CN116613713A CN202310532201.5A CN202310532201A CN116613713A CN 116613713 A CN116613713 A CN 116613713A CN 202310532201 A CN202310532201 A CN 202310532201A CN 116613713 A CN116613713 A CN 116613713A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- current
- branch
- capacitor
- voltage
- thyristor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007562 laser obscuration time method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/547—Combinations of mechanical switches and static switches, the latter being controlled by the former
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/567—Circuits characterised by the use of more than one type of semiconductor device, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/72—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region
- H03K17/73—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region for dc voltages or currents
- H03K17/732—Measures for enabling turn-off
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
- H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K2017/515—Mechanical switches; Electronic switches controlling mechanical switches, e.g. relais
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
Landscapes
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a hybrid DC breaker based on thyristors, comprising: the current-passing branch comprises a quick mechanical switch and a load transfer switch, and is used for conducting current when the system normally operates; a transfer branch circuit comprising a plurality of series-connected current interruption units, which transfers the conduction of current when the direct current fails; the main current breaking branch comprises a plurality of current breaking units and capacitors, and plays a role in breaking faults; the auxiliary current breaking branch comprises a group of coupling inductors, a plurality of current breaking units and a pre-charging capacitor, and charges or discharges the capacitor in the current breaking process; and the energy consumption branch consists of a plurality of lightning arresters and absorbs fault energy when in fault. The method can be realized as follows: the system has smaller loss in normal operation, can rapidly break the fault when the high-resistance fault occurs, and simultaneously the precharge capacitor has lower precharge voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grid high-voltage direct-current circuit breakers, in particular to a hybrid direct-current circuit breaker based on thyristors and a use method thereof.
Background
In renewable energy power generation systems, as HVDC power transmission technology evolves towards HVDC grids, higher requirements are put on the reliability and stable and safe operation of the whole system, wherein one of the great challenges faced is the problem of switching off short-circuit currents in HVDC grids.
At present, a direct current breaker is one of the main schemes for realizing direct current fault breaking and isolation. The hybrid dc circuit breaker has the advantages of low loss of the mechanical circuit breaker and high switching speed and reliability of the solid-state circuit breaker, and has been rapidly developed in recent years. In the current stage, with the continuous and intensive research on the topology of the hybrid direct current circuit breaker, various hybrid direct current circuit breakers with different functions, such as a direct current circuit breaker with a current limiting function, a direct current circuit breaker with a power flow control function, a multi-port direct current circuit breaker and the like, are sequentially proposed. However, the key power device of the existing various direct current breakers in the process of current interruption is an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), and the direct current breakers using the IGBT as a main current interruption device are limited in practical engineering, especially in high-voltage and high-capacity occasions due to the high cost of the IBGT and the dynamic voltage equalizing problem in the large-scale series-parallel connection.
Compared with the IGBT, the thyristor has relatively low price, and meanwhile, the series-parallel connection technology under the large-scale application scene is also relatively mature, so that the prior research also provides a plurality of direct current circuit breakers based on the thyristor. However, the existing thyristor-based direct current circuit breaker is used as a key process of turning off the thyristor in the process of breaking the current through the charge and discharge of the capacitor, and the voltage rising speed is slow because of small fault current when the capacitor has high-resistance ground fault in the system, the thyristor is difficult to turn off, the breaking speed is obviously reduced, the breaking performance of the circuit breaker is seriously affected, and meanwhile, the existing thyristor-based hybrid circuit breaker uses a pre-charge capacitor as an auxiliary device, and the pre-charge voltage is high, so that the reliability of the circuit breaker is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thyristor-based hybrid direct current breaker and a using method thereof, which are used for solving the problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a hybrid DC breaker based on thyristors comprises a through-flow branch, a transfer branch, a current-breaking branch and an energy-consumption branch; one end of the through-flow branch, one end of the transfer branch and one end of the energy consumption branch are connected with a power supply, and the other end of the through-flow branch, the transfer branch and the energy consumption branch are connected with a load; the through-flow branch, the transfer branch, the cutoff branch and the energy consumption branch are connected in parallel;
the through-current branch circuit comprises a fast mechanical switch (UFD) and a load transfer switch (LCS), wherein the fast mechanical switch (UFD) and the load transfer switch (LCS) are connected in series, the load transfer switch (LCS) adopts an IGBT and a diode to be connected in reverse parallel, and the fast mechanical switch (UFD) is a hybrid direct current breaker;
the transfer branch comprises a current breaking unit T 1 Current breaking unit T 1 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 1a 、T 1b ；
The current breaking branch comprises a main current breaking branch and an auxiliary current breaking branch, wherein the main current breaking branch comprises a current breaking unit T 2 And a capacitor C, a current breaking unit T 2 In series with capacitor C, wherein current breaking unit T 2 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 2a 、T 2b The capacitor C can be charged bidirectionally;
the auxiliary current interruption branch comprises a current interruption unitT 3 Current interruption unit T 4 Inductance L coupled with each other 1 And inductance L 2 Capacitor C capable of bidirectionally charging and pre-charging with certain voltage 1 Wherein the current breaking unit T 3 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 3a 、T 3b Current breaking unit T 4 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 4a 、T 4b Current interruption unit T3 and inductor L 1 An inductor high voltage side connected in series with the auxiliary current interrupt branch, and the series branch is connected in parallel with the capacitor C; current interruption unit T 4 And inductance L 2 An inductor low voltage side connected in series with an auxiliary current-breaking branch, the series branch being connected in parallel with a capacitor C 1 And with capacitor C 1 Form a closed loop, capacitor C 1 Can be charged bidirectionally and pre-charged with a certain voltage;
the energy consuming branch comprises an arrester (SA).
Preferably, the through-flow branch is used for transferring electrical energy from the power supply to the load via a load transfer switch (LCS) and a fast mechanical switch (UFD) during normal operation of the system, both of which are in a closed state;
the transfer branch is used for being conducted when a direct current fault occurs in the system, and after a load transfer switch (LCS) of the through-flow branch is turned off, current flows through the branch with smaller impedance due to smaller impedance of the transfer branch, so that fault current in the through-flow branch can be received; after the transfer branch circuit receives current, the current flowing through the fast mechanical switch (UFD) drops to zero, and then the fast mechanical switch (UFD) is subjected to switching-off operation, so that the fast mechanical switch (UFD) realizes zero current switching-off; at the same time of current transfer process, the thyristor T is turned on 4a 、T 4b And T 3b Subsequently precharge capacitor C 1 Through thyristor T 4a And T 4b Inductance L 2 Discharging, coupling effect through inductance is at L 1 The induced current passes through the thyristor T 3b Charging a voltage into the capacitor C;
the main breaking branch forces the thyristor T by increasing the voltage of the capacitor C by fault breaking 2a 、T 2b Shut down for diversion in the event of a DC failure of a systemThe branch circuit receives fault current and the UFD breaks the fault after completing breaking; by switching on thyristors T 2a The voltage in the capacitor C is applied to the transfer branch circuit, the transfer branch circuit is turned off after bearing the reverse voltage, and the fault current is transferred to the main current breaking branch circuit; subsequently turning on thyristor T 3a Precharge capacitor C 1 Inductance L 2 The discharged electric energy is transferred to the inductor L due to the coupling effect 1 And through thyristor T 3a Charging current into the capacitor C to increase the voltage of the capacitor C, and after the voltage of the capacitor C is increased to the action voltage of the lightning arrester, the thyristor current is reduced to zero to trigger the device to be turned off;
the auxiliary current interruption branch is used for applying current to the capacitor C of the main current interruption branch positively or negatively when the system has direct current fault;
the energy consumption branch circuit is used for absorbing fault energy when the system has a direct current fault; when the energy consumption branch circuit is in an action state, all devices in the circuit breaker are not in the action state.
The method for using the hybrid direct current breaker based on the thyristors comprises four stages: normal operation phase, transfer phase, cut-off phase and energy consumption phase.
Preferably, the normal operation phase comprises the following specific steps:
the IGBT in the load transfer switch (LCS) is turned on and the current starts from the left side power supply direction, via the load transfer switch (LCS) and the fast mechanical switch (UFD), to supply power to the right side load.
Preferably, the transfer phase comprises the following specific steps:
when the system fails, the current in the through-flow branch rapidly rises along with time; at this time, the thyristor T with the conduction current direction from left to right in the transfer branch is given 1a On signal due to thyristor T 1a Is subjected to forward voltage before conduction, thereby causing T 1a Conducting; after the system sends a breaking signal, an IGBT turn-off signal with the turn-on current direction from left to right in a load transfer switch (LCS) is given, and the IGBT is a full-control device, so that the IGBT can be turned off immediately after the turn-off signal is sent; fault current is turned off at load transfer switch (LCS) due to the small impedance of the transfer branchThe current of the through-current branch is reduced to zero, and the current of the fast mechanical switch (UFD) is reduced to zero, so that the current cannot be reduced to zero due to the fact that the fast mechanical switch (UFD) generates an arc when the voltage is too high, and therefore the fault current is required to be received through the transfer branch, the UFD current is reduced to zero to be out of arc, and the turn-off is realized; in this process, the fault current direction is from the power supply via T 1a Discharging the short circuit point from left to right, reducing the current of the through-current branch to zero, and turning off the fast mechanical switch (UFD) with zero current.
Preferably, the concrete steps of the current breaking stage are:
step one, at the same time of fault current transfer, a group of thyristors T in the corresponding direction of the high-voltage side of the auxiliary turn-off branch are given through an external driving circuit 3b Conduction signal is given to two groups of thyristors T at low voltage side simultaneously 4a 、T 4b All conducting signals, the low voltage side is due to the capacitor C 1 And inductance L 2 Generating oscillation, inductance L 2 A sinusoidal current flows through the inductor L 2 An alternating current is passed through, defined by inductance L 2 The current is in the positive direction from left to right; in the oscillation, the inductance L 2 When the current gradually rises, L is due to 1 And L 2 Mutual inductance exists between the two inductors, and electric energy stored in one inductor can be transferred to the other direction through the mutual inductance; inductance L 1 The voltage of the positive and negative is induced at the two ends of the current breaking unit T 3 Thyristor T in (a) 3b When conducting, will be in inductance L 1 Thyristor T 3b Generating current in a loop formed by the capacitor C, wherein the direction of the current flowing through the capacitor C is from right to left, and charging the capacitor C with a voltage of left negative and right positive; when the voltage in the capacitor C is charged to a degree sufficient to turn off the transfer branch, T is given 3b The turn-off signal, because the thyristor is a semi-controlled device, the current flowing through the thyristor can be turned off only when the current drops to zero, and the turn-off can be realized by adopting a mode of enabling the thyristor to bear reverse voltage in the actual operation process, but the instant T is given to the turn-off signal 3b Is not necessarily subjected to reverse voltage and therefore requires an inductance L 2 Providing this reverse voltage; when the inductance L 2 When the flowing sinusoidal current is in the falling process, the sinusoidal current is in the inductance L 1 A voltage of left, right and negative is induced at two ends, and the voltage makes the thyristor T 3b The two ends bear reverse voltage to turn off;
step two, in the starting stage, the thyristor T 3b In the case of a shut-down and a completed breaking of the fast mechanical switch (UFD), the thyristor T in the main current-breaking branch is 2a Conducting; since the capacitor C is already charged with a positive-negative-positive voltage during the start-up phase, the voltage causes the thyristor T 1a The two ends bear reverse voltage for a period of time to turn off, and the thyristor T 1b The on signal is not given all the time, the fault current is completely fed into the main current interruption branch, and then the voltage at two ends of the capacitor C is gradually increased due to the injection of the fault current;
step three, after the current completely enters the main current-cutting branch, the thyristor T at the high-voltage side of the auxiliary current-cutting branch is started 3a Conducting, when the low-voltage side inductance L 2 When the current gradually decreases, it has an inductance L at the high voltage side 1 The voltage direction induced by the two ends is left positive and right negative, at this time, due to the thyristor T 3a In the on state, inductance L 1 The current generated by the voltage at two ends passes through the thyristor T 3a The current flowing into the capacitor C flows from left to right, and the rising speed of the voltage of the capacitor C can be accelerated.
Preferably, the specific steps of the energy consumption stage are as follows:
as the voltage of the capacitor C in the main current-breaking branch increases, the arrester (SA) assumes a low-resistance state when the operating voltage of the arrester (SA) is reached, and a fault current flows through the thyristor T of the main current-breaking branch in the energy-consuming branch having the lower impedance 2a The current drops to zero and turns off, then the energy generated in the fault is absorbed by the lightning arrester (SA), the current gradually drops to zero, and in the process, the fault current starts from the power supply, flows through the lightning arrester (SA) from left to right and discharges to a short-circuit point.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system has smaller loss in normal operation, can rapidly break the fault when the high-resistance fault occurs, and simultaneously the precharge capacitor has lower precharge voltage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a hybrid dc breaker based on a thyristor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of current direction at a normal operation stage in a method for using a hybrid dc breaker based on a thyristor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current direction at a transfer stage in a method for using a hybrid dc breaker based on a thyristor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of current direction at the current breaking stage in a method for using a hybrid dc breaker based on a thyristor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of current direction in an energy consumption stage in a method for using a hybrid dc breaker based on a thyristor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of simulation results when a direct ground fault of a hybrid dc breaker based on a thyristor is provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of a high-resistance ground fault of a hybrid dc breaker based on a thyristor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
an IGBT-insulated gate bipolar transistor; UFD-fast mechanical switch; LCS-load transfer switch; t (T) 1a 、T 1b -a thyristor in the current transfer branch; t (T) 2a 、T 2b -a thyristor in the main current interruption branch; t (T) 3a 、T 3b -a thyristor coupled to the high voltage side of the inductor; t (T) 4a 、T 4b -a thyristor coupled to the low voltage side of the inductor; l (L) 1 、L 2 -an inductance coupled to each other; c-a bidirectionally chargeable capacitor; c (C) 1 -a capacitor bidirectionally chargeable and pre-charged with a certain voltage; SA-zinc oxide arrester.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a hybrid dc breaker based on thyristors includes a through-current branch, a transfer branch, a current-breaking branch, and an energy-consuming branch; one end of the through-flow branch, one end of the transfer branch and one end of the energy consumption branch are connected with a power supply, and the other end of the through-flow branch, the transfer branch and the energy consumption branch are connected with a load; the through-flow branch, the transfer branch, the cutoff branch and the energy consumption branch are connected in parallel;
the through-current branch circuit comprises a fast mechanical switch (UFD) and a load transfer switch (LCS), wherein the fast mechanical switch (UFD) and the load transfer switch (LCS) are connected in series, the load transfer switch (LCS) adopts an IGBT and a diode to be connected in reverse parallel, and the fast mechanical switch (UFD) is a hybrid direct current breaker;
the transfer branch comprises a current breaking unit T 1 Current breaking unit T 1 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 1a 、T 1b ；
The current breaking branch comprises a main current breaking branch and an auxiliary current breaking branch, wherein the main current breaking branch comprises a current breaking unit T 2 And a capacitor C, a current breaking unit T 2 In series with capacitor C, wherein current breaking unit T 2 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 2a 、T 2b The capacitor C can be charged bidirectionally;
the auxiliary current interruption branch comprises a current interruption unit T 3 Current interruption unit T 4 Inductance L coupled with each other 1 And inductance L 2 Capacitor C capable of bidirectionally charging and pre-charging with certain voltage 1 Wherein the current breaking unit T 3 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 3a 、T 3b Current breaking unit T 4 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 4a 、T 4b Current interruption unit T3 and inductor L 1 An inductor high voltage side connected in series with the auxiliary current interrupt branch, and the series branch is connected in parallel with the capacitor C; current interruption unit T 4 And inductance L 2 An inductor low voltage side connected in series with an auxiliary current-breaking branch, the series branch being connected in parallel with a capacitor C 1 And with capacitor C 1 Form a closed loop, capacitor C 1 Can be charged bidirectionally and pre-charged with certain electricityPressing;
the energy consuming branch comprises an arrester (SA).
The through-flow branch is used for transmitting electric energy from a power supply to a load through a load transfer switch (LCS) and a fast mechanical switch (UFD) in a normal operation stage of the system, and the fast mechanical switch (UFD) and the load transfer switch (LCS) are both in a closed state in the process;
the transfer branch is used for being conducted when a direct current fault occurs in the system, and after a load transfer switch (LCS) of the through-flow branch is turned off, current flows through the branch with smaller impedance due to smaller impedance of the transfer branch, so that fault current in the through-flow branch can be received; after the transfer branch circuit receives current, the current flowing through the fast mechanical switch (UFD) drops to zero, and then the fast mechanical switch (UFD) is subjected to switching-off operation, so that the fast mechanical switch (UFD) realizes zero current switching-off; at the same time of current transfer process, the thyristor T is turned on 4a 、T 4b And T 3b Subsequently precharge capacitor C 1 Through thyristor T 4a And T 4b Inductance L 2 Discharging, coupling effect through inductance is at L 1 The induced current passes through the thyristor T 3b Charging a voltage into the capacitor C;
the main breaking branch forces the thyristor T by increasing the voltage of the capacitor C by fault breaking 2a 、T 2b The switching-off is used for transferring the branch circuit to bear fault current when the system has direct current fault and breaking fault after the UFD is broken; by switching on thyristors T 2a The voltage in the capacitor C is applied to the transfer branch circuit, the transfer branch circuit is turned off after bearing the reverse voltage, and the fault current is transferred to the main current breaking branch circuit; subsequently turning on thyristor T 3a Precharge capacitor C 1 Inductance L 2 The discharged electric energy is transferred to the inductor L due to the coupling effect 1 And through thyristor T 3a Charging current into the capacitor C to increase the voltage of the capacitor C, and after the voltage of the capacitor C is increased to the action voltage of the lightning arrester, the thyristor current is reduced to zero to trigger the device to be turned off;
the auxiliary current interruption branch is used for applying current to the capacitor C of the main current interruption branch positively or negatively when the system has direct current fault;
the energy consumption branch circuit is used for absorbing fault energy when the system has a direct current fault; when the energy consumption branch circuit is in an action state, all devices in the circuit breaker are not in the action state.
As shown in fig. 2, the specific steps in the normal operation stage are as follows: the IGBT in the load transfer switch (LCS) is turned on and the current starts from the left power supply direction, and supplies power to the right load via the load transfer switch (LCS) and the fast mechanical switch (UFD), and the current direction of supplying power to the load in the normal operation phase is shown as loop 1 in the figure.
As shown in fig. 3, when the system fails, the current in the through-flow branch rapidly rises with time; at this time, the thyristor T with the conduction current direction from left to right in the transfer branch is given 1a On signal due to thyristor T 1a Is subjected to forward voltage before conduction, thereby causing T 1a Conducting; after the system sends a breaking signal, an IGBT turn-off signal with the turn-on current direction from left to right in a load transfer switch (LCS) is given, and the IGBT is a full-control device, so that the IGBT can be turned off immediately after the turn-off signal is sent; the impedance of the transfer branch is small, fault current is transferred to the transfer branch after a load transfer switch (LCS) is turned off, meanwhile, the current of the through-flow branch is reduced to zero, the current of a fast mechanical switch (UFD) is reduced to zero, and the current cannot be reduced to zero due to the fact that the fast mechanical switch (UFD) generates an electric arc when the voltage is too high, so that the fault current needs to be received through the transfer branch, and the UFD current is reduced to zero to be in arc extinction, thereby turning off; in this process, the fault current direction is from the power supply via T 1a Discharging the short circuit point from left to right, reducing the current of the through-current branch to zero, turning off the zero current of a fast mechanical switch (UFD), and enabling the fault current direction to be shown as a loop 1 in the figure.
At the same time of the transfer phase, the first step of the flow breaking phase is as follows:
at the same time of fault current transfer, a group of thyristors T in the corresponding direction of the high-voltage side of the auxiliary turn-off branch are given by an external driving circuit 3b Conduction signal is given to two groups of thyristors T at low voltage side simultaneously 4a 、T 4b All conducting signals, the low voltage side is due to the capacitor C 1 And electricitySense of L 2 Generating oscillation, inductance L 2 A sinusoidal current flows through the inductor L 2 An alternating current is passed through, defined by inductance L 2 The current is in the positive direction from left to right; in the oscillation, the inductance L 2 When the current gradually rises, L is due to 1 And L 2 Mutual inductance exists between the two inductors, and electric energy stored in one inductor can be transferred to the other direction through the mutual inductance; inductance L 1 The voltage of the positive and negative is induced at the two ends of the current breaking unit T 3 Thyristor T in (a) 3b When conducting, will be in inductance L 1 Thyristor T 3b Generating current in a loop formed by the capacitor C, wherein the direction of the current flowing through the capacitor C is from right to left, and charging the capacitor C with a voltage of left negative and right positive; when the voltage in the capacitor C is charged to a degree sufficient to turn off the transfer branch, T is given 3b The turn-off signal, because the thyristor is a semi-controlled device, the current flowing through the thyristor can be turned off only when the current drops to zero, and the turn-off can be realized by adopting a mode of enabling the thyristor to bear reverse voltage in the actual operation process, but the instant T is given to the turn-off signal 3b Is not necessarily subjected to reverse voltage and therefore requires an inductance L 2 Providing this reverse voltage; when the inductance L 2 When the flowing sinusoidal current is in the falling process, the sinusoidal current is in the inductance L 1 A voltage of left, right and negative is induced at two ends, and the voltage makes the thyristor T 3b The two ends are turned off by the reverse voltage, and the capacitor C is precharged in the process 1 The direction of the current charging the capacitor C via the coupling inductance is shown as loop 2 and loop 3 in the figure.
As shown in fig. 4, the second step of the disconnection stage is: thyristor T during start-up phase 3b In the case of a shut-down and a completed breaking of the fast mechanical switch (UFD), the thyristor T in the main current-breaking branch is 2a Conducting; since the capacitor C is already charged with a positive-negative-positive voltage during the start-up phase, the voltage causes the thyristor T 1a The two ends bear reverse voltage for a period of time to turn off, and the thyristor T 1b The on signal is not given at all times, the fault current thus totally enters the main current-interrupting branch, and then the voltage across the capacitor C gradually increases due to the injection of the fault currentRising, the fault current direction in this process is shown as loop 1 in the figure.
The third step of the breaking stage is as follows: when the current completely enters the main current-cutting branch, the thyristor T at the high-voltage side of the auxiliary current-cutting branch 3a Conducting, when the low-voltage side inductance L 2 When the current gradually decreases, it has an inductance L at the high voltage side 1 The voltage direction induced by the two ends is left positive and right negative, at this time, due to the thyristor T 3a In the on state, inductance L 1 The current generated by the voltage at two ends passes through the thyristor T 3a Into the capacitor C, the direction of the current flowing through the capacitor C is from left to right, the current can accelerate the rising speed of the voltage of the capacitor C, and the capacitor C is precharged 1 The direction of the current charging the capacitor C via the coupling inductance is shown as loop 2 and loop 3 in the figure.
As shown in fig. 5, the energy consumption stage specifically includes the following steps:
as the voltage of the capacitor C in the main current-breaking branch increases, the arrester (SA) assumes a low-resistance state when the operating voltage of the arrester (SA) is reached, and a fault current flows through the thyristor T of the main current-breaking branch in the energy-consuming branch having the lower impedance 2a The current drops to zero to turn off, then the energy generated in the fault is absorbed by the lightning arrester (SA), the current gradually drops to zero, the fault current direction in the process starts from the power supply, the fault current flows from left to right through the lightning arrester (SA) to discharge to the short-circuit point, and the fault current direction in the process is shown as a loop 1 in the figure.
As shown in fig. 6, systemization R f Simulation results at direct ground fault=0Ω. It can be seen that when t 0 After the fault occurs when=1s, the main circuit current gradually rises. When t 1 After the IGBT in LCS turns off at time=1.001 s, current enters the transfer branch, and current reversely flows into the capacitor of the main current-interrupting branch for a period of time. At t 2 After the thyristor of the main current-cutting branch of =1.003 s is turned on, the current of the transfer branch is transferred to the main current-cutting branch to charge the capacitor C until the lightning arrester acts to transfer the main circuit current to the energy-consuming branch, and the main current-cutting branch current is zero, the thyristor is turned off, and the main circuit current gradually drops toZero.
As shown in fig. 7, the phylogenetic pass R f Simulation results at fault time of transition resistance ground of 1000 Ω. It can be seen that the short-circuit current is first rapidly reduced to a non-zero value after the fault occurs and then remains unchanged, and the fault is not completely broken and isolated. At t 1 After the IGBT in the moment LCS turns off, the fault current enters the transfer branch while assisting the current-breaking branch capacitor C 1 And inductance L 2 The generated current passes through an inductor L 1 And thyristor T 3b The main current-breaking branch capacitor C is charged with a negative current. At t 3 Thyristor T in time-auxiliary current-interrupt branch =1.004 s 4a 、T 4b After conducting, inductance L 1 Generating forward current into the capacitor C, the main current-interrupting branch current drops rapidly to zero to turn off, while the main branch current drops simultaneously to zero.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the drawings are schematic representations of one embodiment only and the flow in the drawings is not necessarily required to practice the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The mixed direct current breaker based on the thyristor is characterized by comprising a through current branch, a transfer branch, a current breaking branch and an energy consumption branch; one end of the through-flow branch, one end of the transfer branch and one end of the energy consumption branch are connected with a power supply, and the other end of the through-flow branch, the transfer branch and the energy consumption branch are connected with a load; the through-flow branch, the transfer branch, the cutoff branch and the energy consumption branch are connected in parallel;
the through-current branch circuit comprises a fast mechanical switch (UFD) and a load transfer switch (LCS), wherein the fast mechanical switch (UFD) and the load transfer switch (LCS) are connected in series, the load transfer switch (LCS) adopts an IGBT and a diode to be connected in reverse parallel, and the fast mechanical switch (UFD) is a hybrid direct current breaker;
the transfer branch comprises a current breaking unit T 1 Current breaking unit T 1 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 1a 、T 1b ；
The current breaking branch comprises a main current breaking branch and an auxiliary current breaking branch, wherein the main current breaking branch comprises a current breaking unit T 2 And a capacitor C, a current breaking unit T 2 In series with capacitor C, where current is interruptedUnit T 2 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 2a 、T 2b The capacitor C can be charged bidirectionally;
the auxiliary current interruption branch comprises a current interruption unit T 3 Current interruption unit T 4 Inductance L coupled with each other 1 And inductance L 2 Capacitor C capable of bidirectionally charging and pre-charging with certain voltage 1 Wherein the current breaking unit T 3 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 3a 、T 3b Current breaking unit T 4 For thyristors T connected in anti-parallel 4a 、T 4b Current interruption unit T3 and inductor L 1 An inductor high voltage side connected in series with the auxiliary current interrupt branch, and the series branch is connected in parallel with the capacitor C; current interruption unit T 4 And inductance L 2 An inductor low voltage side connected in series with an auxiliary current-breaking branch, the series branch being connected in parallel with a capacitor C 1 And with capacitor C 1 Form a closed loop, capacitor C 1 Can be charged bidirectionally and pre-charged with a certain voltage;
the energy consuming branch comprises an arrester (SA).
2. A hybrid dc circuit breaker based on thyristors according to claim 1, characterized in that the through-current branch is used for transferring electrical energy from the power supply to the load via a load transfer switch (LCS) and a fast mechanical switch (UFD) during normal operation of the system, both in the closed state;
the transfer branch is used for being conducted when a direct current fault occurs in the system, and after a load transfer switch (LCS) of the through-flow branch is turned off, current flows through the branch with smaller impedance due to smaller impedance of the transfer branch, so that fault current in the through-flow branch can be received; after the transfer branch circuit receives current, the current flowing through the fast mechanical switch (UFD) drops to zero, and then the fast mechanical switch (UFD) is subjected to switching-off operation, so that the fast mechanical switch (UFD) realizes zero current switching-off; at the same time of current transfer process, the thyristor T is turned on 4a 、T 4b And T 3b Subsequently precharge capacitor C 1 Through thyristor T 4a And T 4b Inductance L 2 Discharging, go throughCoupling effect of overinductance at L 1 The induced current passes through the thyristor T 3b Charging a voltage into the capacitor C;
the main breaking branch forces the thyristor T by increasing the voltage of the capacitor C by fault breaking 2a 、T 2b The switching-off is used for transferring the branch circuit to bear fault current when the system has direct current fault and breaking fault after the UFD is broken; by switching on thyristors T 2a The voltage in the capacitor C is applied to the transfer branch circuit, the transfer branch circuit is turned off after bearing the reverse voltage, and the fault current is transferred to the main current breaking branch circuit; subsequently turning on thyristor T 3a Precharge capacitor C 1 Inductance L 2 The discharged electric energy is transferred to the inductor L due to the coupling effect 1 And through thyristor T 3a Charging current into the capacitor C to increase the voltage of the capacitor C, and after the voltage of the capacitor C is increased to the action voltage of the lightning arrester, the thyristor current is reduced to zero to trigger the device to be turned off;
the auxiliary current interruption branch is used for applying current to the capacitor C of the main current interruption branch positively or negatively when the system has direct current fault;
the energy consumption branch circuit is used for absorbing fault energy when the system has a direct current fault; when the energy consumption branch circuit is in an action state, all devices in the circuit breaker are not in the action state.
3. A method of using a hybrid thyristor-based dc breaker according to claim 1 or 2, comprising four phases: normal operation phase, transfer phase, cut-off phase and energy consumption phase.
4. A method of using a hybrid dc breaker based on thyristors according to claim 3, characterized in that the normal operating phase comprises the specific steps of:
the IGBT in the load transfer switch (LCS) is turned on and the current starts from the left side power supply direction, via the load transfer switch (LCS) and the fast mechanical switch (UFD), to supply power to the right side load.
5. A method of using a hybrid dc breaker based on thyristors according to claim 3, characterized in that the transfer phase comprises the specific steps of:
when the system fails, the current in the through-flow branch rapidly rises along with time; at this time, the thyristor T with the conduction current direction from left to right in the transfer branch is given 1a On signal due to thyristor T 1a Is subjected to forward voltage before conduction, thereby causing T 1a Conducting; after the system sends a breaking signal, an IGBT turn-off signal with the turn-on current direction from left to right in a load transfer switch (LCS) is given, and the IGBT is a full-control device, so that the IGBT can be turned off immediately after the turn-off signal is sent; the impedance of the transfer branch is small, fault current is transferred to the transfer branch after a load transfer switch (LCS) is turned off, meanwhile, the current of the through-flow branch is reduced to zero, the current of a fast mechanical switch (UFD) is reduced to zero, and the current cannot be reduced to zero due to the fact that the fast mechanical switch (UFD) generates an electric arc when the voltage is too high, so that the fault current needs to be received through the transfer branch, and the UFD current is reduced to zero to be in arc extinction, thereby turning off; in this process, the fault current direction is from the power supply via T 1a Discharging the short circuit point from left to right, reducing the current of the through-current branch to zero, and turning off the fast mechanical switch (UFD) with zero current.
6. A method of using a hybrid dc breaker based on thyristors according to claim 3, characterized in that the breaking phase comprises the specific steps of:
step one, at the same time of fault current transfer, a group of thyristors T in the corresponding direction of the high-voltage side of the auxiliary turn-off branch are given through an external driving circuit 3b Conduction signal is given to two groups of thyristors T at low voltage side simultaneously 4a 、T 4b All conducting signals, the low voltage side is due to the capacitor C 1 And inductance L 2 Generating oscillation, inductance L 2 A sinusoidal current flows through the inductor L 2 An alternating current is passed through, defined by inductance L 2 The current is in the positive direction from left to right; in the oscillation, the inductance L 2 When the current gradually rises, L is due to 1 And L 2 There is mutual oneThe inductance can enable the electric energy stored in the inductance to be transferred to the other direction through mutual inductance; inductance L 1 The voltage of the positive and negative is induced at the two ends of the current breaking unit T 3 Thyristor T in (a) 3b When conducting, will be in inductance L 1 Thyristor T 3b Generating current in a loop formed by the capacitor C, wherein the direction of the current flowing through the capacitor C is from right to left, and charging the capacitor C with a voltage of left negative and right positive; when the voltage in the capacitor C is charged to a degree sufficient to turn off the transfer branch, T is given 3b The turn-off signal, because the thyristor is a semi-controlled device, the current flowing through the thyristor can be turned off only when the current drops to zero, and the turn-off can be realized by adopting a mode of enabling the thyristor to bear reverse voltage in the actual operation process, but the instant T is given to the turn-off signal 3b Is not necessarily subjected to reverse voltage and therefore requires an inductance L 2 Providing this reverse voltage; when the inductance L 2 When the flowing sinusoidal current is in the falling process, the sinusoidal current is in the inductance L 1 A voltage of left, right and negative is induced at two ends, and the voltage makes the thyristor T 3b The two ends bear reverse voltage to turn off;
step two, in the starting stage, the thyristor T 3b In the case of a shut-down and a completed breaking of the fast mechanical switch (UFD), the thyristor T in the main current-breaking branch is 2a Conducting; since the capacitor C is already charged with a positive-negative-positive voltage during the start-up phase, the voltage causes the thyristor T 1a The two ends bear reverse voltage for a period of time to turn off, and the thyristor T 1b The on signal is not given all the time, the fault current is completely fed into the main current interruption branch, and then the voltage at two ends of the capacitor C is gradually increased due to the injection of the fault current;
step three, after the current completely enters the main current-cutting branch, the thyristor T at the high-voltage side of the auxiliary current-cutting branch is started 3a Conducting, when the low-voltage side inductance L 2 When the current gradually decreases, it has an inductance L at the high voltage side 1 The voltage direction induced by the two ends is left positive and right negative, at this time, due to the thyristor T 3a In the on state, inductance L 1 The current generated by the voltage at two ends passes through the thyristor T 3a Into capacitor C, the current flowing through capacitor CIn a direction from left to right, the current can accelerate the rising speed of the voltage of the capacitor C.
7. A method of using a hybrid dc breaker based on thyristors according to claim 3, characterized in that the energy consumption phase comprises the specific steps of:
as the voltage of the capacitor C in the main current-breaking branch increases, the arrester (SA) assumes a low-resistance state when the operating voltage of the arrester (SA) is reached, and a fault current flows through the thyristor T of the main current-breaking branch in the energy-consuming branch having the lower impedance 2a The current drops to zero and turns off, then the energy generated in the fault is absorbed by the lightning arrester (SA), the current gradually drops to zero, and in the process, the fault current starts from the power supply, flows through the lightning arrester (SA) from left to right and discharges to a short-circuit point.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310532201.5A CN116613713A (en) | 2023-05-11 | 2023-05-11 | Thyristor-based hybrid direct current breaker and application method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310532201.5A CN116613713A (en) | 2023-05-11 | 2023-05-11 | Thyristor-based hybrid direct current breaker and application method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116613713A true CN116613713A (en) | 2023-08-18 |
Family
ID=87682844
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310532201.5A Pending CN116613713A (en) | 2023-05-11 | 2023-05-11 | Thyristor-based hybrid direct current breaker and application method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116613713A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117060358A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-14 | 山东泰开直流技术有限公司 | Energy supply control circuit of hybrid direct current breaker, breaker and electrical equipment |
| CN118763619A (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2024-10-11 | 广东电网有限责任公司珠海供电局 | Hybrid DC circuit breaker circuit and circuit breaker |
-
2023
- 2023-05-11 CN CN202310532201.5A patent/CN116613713A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117060358A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-14 | 山东泰开直流技术有限公司 | Energy supply control circuit of hybrid direct current breaker, breaker and electrical equipment |
| CN117060358B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-05-07 | 山东泰开直流技术有限公司 | Energy supply control circuit of hybrid direct current breaker, breaker and electrical equipment |
| CN118763619A (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2024-10-11 | 广东电网有限责任公司珠海供电局 | Hybrid DC circuit breaker circuit and circuit breaker |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106207953B (en) | High-power hybrid direct current circuit breaker | |
| CN116613713A (en) | Thyristor-based hybrid direct current breaker and application method thereof | |
| WO2015024509A1 (en) | High-voltage large-current direct-current circuit breaker and control method therefor | |
| CN108092253B (en) | Capacitive hybrid direct-current circuit breaker for direct-current power grid and control method thereof | |
| CN104979796A (en) | Pre-charged high speed direct current breaker and control method therefor | |
| CN113394760B (en) | Current pre-limiting type high-voltage direct current fault current limiter based on capacitance commutation and method | |
| CN112510647A (en) | Direct current breaker combining oscillation transfer and solid-state switch | |
| CN111404113B (en) | T-shaped direct current breaker and control method thereof | |
| CN118523264A (en) | Novel direct current breaker integrated with smoothing reactor and control method thereof | |
| CN109327016B (en) | Direct-current interelectrode breaking device and control method | |
| CN113644636A (en) | Multi-terminal hybrid high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker based on capacitance commutation | |
| CN117200156A (en) | Capacitive high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker with current limiting capability | |
| CN115528659B (en) | Direct current breaker with automatic and controllable turn-off capability and use method thereof | |
| CN112803357A (en) | Direct current breaker based on combination of current limiting and oscillation transfer and control method thereof | |
| CN110311354B (en) | Medium-voltage high-capacity hybrid direct-current circuit breaker and current-limiting breaking method | |
| CN207572949U (en) | A kind of two-way no camber mixed DC breaker | |
| Yu et al. | A novel current-limiting hybrid DC breaker based on thyristors | |
| CN116581720A (en) | Thyristor type direct current breaker and control method thereof | |
| CN116613712A (en) | Low-voltage direct-current hybrid circuit breaker based on thyristors and control method thereof | |
| CN116505478A (en) | Hybrid direct current breaker based on self-charging oscillation auxiliary current conversion | |
| CN113595028B (en) | Current-limiting type hybrid direct current breaker based on thyristors and control method thereof | |
| CN113824083B (en) | Hybrid direct current breaker with self-adaptive reclosing | |
| CN214227826U (en) | Resistance-inductance type direct current fault current limiter based on pre-charging commutation capacitor | |
| CN115275932A (en) | Hybrid high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker based on coupling inductance current limiting and disconnection method thereof | |
| CN115663757A (en) | Current-limiting type hybrid direct-current circuit breaker |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |