CN116601393A - Air suction type smoke removing equipment - Google Patents
Air suction type smoke removing equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116601393A CN116601393A CN202180072438.9A CN202180072438A CN116601393A CN 116601393 A CN116601393 A CN 116601393A CN 202180072438 A CN202180072438 A CN 202180072438A CN 116601393 A CN116601393 A CN 116601393A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- smoke
- gas
- venturi
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000565357 Fraxinus nigra Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to an air suction type smoke removing device. Which is used for exhausting gas flowing into a smoke abatement zone to the outside of the smoke abatement zone, and comprises: a vacuum generating multistage venturi for passing water supplied from the outside and generating negative pressure according to venturi effect during the water passing so as to be able to suck gas inside the smoke removing region and mix the sucked gas with water to be discharged; a water supply part for supplying water to the vacuum generating multistage venturi; and a nozzle for injecting water supplied from the water supply part into the vacuum generating multistage venturi. The suction type smoke removing apparatus of the present invention constructed as described above is capable of preventing the movement of smoke and toxic gas to the smoke removing area by mixing the surrounding smoke and toxic gas with water to be discharged to the outside after sucking the smoke and toxic gas by forming a negative pressure at the time of fire, so that casualties are minimized. In addition, in the case where no fire occurs, various suspended pollutants such as yellow sand and fine dust in a room can be sucked and removed to thereby purify indoor air, and the air purifier can be used not only in a coal yard, a concrete engineering, a construction site, an oil refinery, an iron making plant, a shipbuilding plant, or the like where dust, oil vapor, toxic chemical substances, or the like are discharged, but also in an air purifying device for agricultural and aquatic products or military.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a smoke removing apparatus for installation on a building, and more particularly, to an air suction type smoke removing apparatus which can prevent inflow of smoke and toxic gas by mixing (removing/Removal) generated smoke and toxic gas with water after rapid suction at the time of fire so that the smoke is not diffused to a set smoke removing (smoke removing/Smoke Removal Zone) area, a fire room (living room), a corridor as a refuge route, stairs, etc., thereby minimizing casualties.
Background
Most buildings recently being built are obligatory provided with various devices for fire protection to meet the standards prescribed by the reinforced building fire protection laws. Such fire-fighting related devices include fire extinguishing devices, smoke evacuation devices, smoke removal (control) devices, alarm devices, evacuation devices, fire-fighting water devices, fire extinguishing action related devices, and the like. The basic purpose of fire fighting equipment is obviously to detect fires in advance to protect or evacuate personnel in a building, to enable initial fire extinguishing actions for fires etc. to be performed, to minimize the loss of life and property due to the fire.
Among the above-mentioned various devices, the smoke removing (controlling) device has a function as a positive pressure device such as blowing air into each layer at the time of a fire, so that the internal pressure of the escape passage in the building is higher than the pressure of the smoke and toxic gas to block the inflow of the smoke and toxic gas in the escape passage, thereby preventing the suffocation of the evacuee. If the smoke evacuation device is said to be a facility for evacuating toxic gases to the outside of a building, the smoke evacuation device is a device for blocking and retaining to avoid the entry of toxic gases.
That is, as one of the fire extinguishing actions, a Smoke removing (controlling) device is a device that can protect residents from Smoke by detecting Smoke generated in an early stage of a fire of a building, and the like, and discharging Smoke in a fire room (living room) without diffusing Smoke in a corridor, stairs, and the like, which are evacuation routes, and can Control (Smoke discharge/Fire Smoke Ventilation) Smoke to discharge Smoke to the outside in order to cause fire extinguishing actions by a fire department.
The smoke removing (controlling) device is divided into living room smoke removing (controlling) device and stair room and accessory room smoke removing (controlling) device according to the place where the smoke removing (controlling) device is arranged, but the technical content is basically the same.
A living room smoke removing (living room) apparatus includes an air supply fan and an air exhaust fan for exhausting smoke and hot air in a living room where a fire occurs. The air supply fan supplies air in a mode of exhausting air larger than that of the air exhaust fan so as to be capable of carrying out evacuation and fire extinguishing actions. In addition, the stairway room and the accessory room smoke removal (control) apparatus are used as apparatuses for protecting evacuees from toxic gas by making the internal pressure of the stairway room and the accessory room (hereinafter, smoke removal area) greater than the internal pressure of the living room so that smoke of the living room does not penetrate therein.
In addition, the existing smoke removing (controlling) apparatus for stairway and accessory room has a means of supplying external air to the smoke removing (controlling) area using a blower for control and a vertical duct. That is, air is supplied into the smoke removal (control) area through the smoke removal damper by a blower provided in the ground or on the roof to raise the pressure to block the inflow of smoke into the smoke removal (control) area. However, it has long become a fact that such smoke abatement (control) devices are revealed by various news reports and formal field experiments, inspection to be useless due to the great problem that in the case of pressure leakage to the outside (windows, entrances) of the control area, normal functions cannot be performed and filling smoke and toxic gas in the control area corridor, stairs, etc. causes suffocation (suffocation) of evacuees.
Fig. 1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining problems of the conventional smoke removing (controlling) apparatus.
As shown, an air duct 11 is provided between the living space 13 of the building 10 and a smoke abatement (control) area 15. The duct 11 serves as a vertical duct provided in a common duct (not shown), and guides air supplied from the air blowing fan 17 of the basement upward. Through many field experiments and tests, the air flowing through the air duct is disclosed to excessively flow into the misoperation of the air through the smoke removing air door 15a of each layer on the corridor, the stair and the like of the smoke removing (control) 15 area of each layer, so that the pressure in the smoke removing area is excessively increased compared with the allowable value, and the problem that the old and weak people with healthy adult men cannot open the door from the living space 13 and cannot realize escape behavior per se exists.
When the window 15c or the entrance 15e of the smoke removal (control) area 15 is opened, the internal pressure of the smoke removal (control) area cannot be increased as if the wheels were blown out, and thus the internal pressure of the smoke removal area cannot be increased even if the air is blown by the blower fan 17.
In addition, various additional devices are applied to seal or seal the corridor, stairs, etc. of the smoke removal (control) area 15, however, when the corridor, stairs, etc. are completely sealed, ventilation cannot be performed at all in real life, so that the temperature inside the smoke removal (control) area 15 can rise to a high temperature of 40 ℃ or higher in midsummer, causing inconvenience such as soaking clothes in sweat in the waiting time of an elevator for the resident (especially, children, old people, disabled people), which is difficult to say, and various side effects can be derived.
Regardless of whether or not the smoke abatement (control) area is closed, in order to maintain the daily real life space comfortable at any time and to maximize the safety evacuation passageway and evacuation time in the event of fire even if one's life is saved, there is an urgent need for a technique for minimizing the removal of highly toxic gases such as Hydrogen Chloride (HCL) and Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) that cause the death of human bodies from the evacuation passageway and reducing the death amount of various toxic gases below the safety range.
Disclosure of Invention
(problem to be solved by the invention)
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air-intake type smoke abatement apparatus capable of blocking movement of smoke and toxic gas toward a smoke abatement area in the event of a fire to minimize casualties, capable of purifying indoor air even in the case of no fire, and capable of being used for preventing discharge of pollutants in an industrial site where pollutants are discharged.
(measures taken to solve the problems)
In order to achieve the above object, an air-breathing type smoke removing device according to the present invention as a means for solving the problem is for exhausting a gas flowing into a smoke removing region to the outside of the smoke removing region, and comprises: a vacuum generating multistage venturi for passing water supplied from the outside and generating a negative pressure according to a venturi effect during the water passing so as to be able to suck gas inside the smoke removing region and mix the sucked gas with the water to be discharged; a water supply part for supplying water to the vacuum generating multistage venturi; and a nozzle for injecting water supplied from the water supply unit into the vacuum generating multistage venturi.
In addition, multistage venturi setting is taken place in the common ditch in vacuum, and this common ditch passes through the pipeline and communicates with the smoke abatement region of each layer, and water supply portion includes: a water supply pump for pumping water; a main water supply pipe for guiding water pumped by the water supply pump to a vacuum generation multistage venturi side; and a branch pipe connected to the main water supply pipe, extending toward an inlet side of the vacuum generating multistage venturi, and connected to the nozzle.
In addition, the vacuum generating multistage venturis are arranged in a plurality at intervals up and down, and a blocking guide plate for preventing water sprayed from the upper vacuum generating multistage venturis from striking the lower vacuum generating multistage venturis is provided between the respective vacuum generating multistage venturis.
In addition, the suction type smoke removing apparatus further includes a mixing duct which extends vertically and accommodates the vacuum generating multi-stage venturi and the blocking guide plate, and guides the water and gas mixture ejected from the vacuum generating multi-stage venturi to the lower portion.
And, the vacuum generating multistage venturi has: a spray pipe having the nozzle at an upper end thereof, the spray pipe being configured to spray water sprayed from the nozzle toward a lower portion; and a venturi housing surrounding the spray pipe and guiding water sprayed by the spray pipe downward, the venturi housing having a shape that is expanded toward a lower diameter.
In addition, the injection pipe includes: a first injection pipe having an inflow port combined with the nozzle for receiving water and gas together and an outlet port for outflow of water mixed with the gas; and a second injection pipe which accommodates the first injection pipe and has an inflow port for sucking gas and an outlet portion for mixing the inflow gas with gas-mixed water ejected from the first injection pipe and discharging the gas, and mixing blades which can mix the water with the gas by collision with the inflow water and the gas are formed on the outlet portions of the first injection pipe and the second injection pipe.
In addition, the venturi housing includes: a fixed pipe accommodating the second injection pipe and having an inflow port for sucking gas at an upper end portion; a rotating pipe rotatably provided on a lower end portion of the fixed pipe; and impeller blades which are positioned inside the rotating pipe and are capable of rotating the rotating pipe by colliding with the sprayed water to receive kinetic energy from the water.
Further, the fixed pipe has a receiving groove formed at a lower end portion thereof, the receiving groove extending in a circumferential direction and having a predetermined sectional shape in the circumferential direction, and the rotating pipe has a curved insertion end portion formed at an upper end portion thereof, the curved insertion end portion being inserted into and supported by the receiving groove and being capable of sliding in the circumferential direction in a state of being inserted into the receiving groove.
In addition, a solid lubrication coating or an annular bearing without oil supply is arranged between the bent insertion end part and the accommodating groove.
The suction type smoke removing apparatus further includes a water supply pump for reusing water discharged through the mixing duct.
(effects of the invention)
The suction type smoke removing apparatus of the present invention constructed as described above is capable of preventing the movement of smoke and toxic gas to the smoke removing area by mixing the surrounding smoke and toxic gas with water to be discharged to the outside after sucking the smoke and toxic gas by forming a negative pressure at the time of fire, so that casualties are minimized.
In addition, in the case where no fire occurs, various suspended pollutants such as yellow sand and fine dust in a room can be sucked and removed to thereby purify indoor air, and the air purifier can be used not only in a coal yard, a concrete engineering, a construction site, an oil refinery, an iron making plant, a shipbuilding plant, or the like where dust, oil vapor, toxic chemical substances, or the like are discharged, but also in an air purifying device for agricultural and aquatic products or military.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining the problem of the conventional Smoke removing (Control/Smoke Control) apparatus and discharging (Smoke discharging/flues/Fire Smoke Ventilation) to the outside.
Fig. 3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining the basic structure and operation of an air-suction type smoke removing (smoke removing/Smoke Removal System) apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing the structure of an air-suction type smoke removing (smoke removing/Smoke Removal System) apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7a to 7c are views for explaining the structure of the vacuum generating multistage venturi shown in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When the air suction type smoke removing device is in a fire disaster, generated smoke and toxic gas are quickly sucked and then mixed with water to be discharged to the outside, so that the smoke and the toxic gas can be prevented from flowing into a set smoke removing area, and casualties are minimized.
That is, in the case of fire, the generated smoke and toxic gas are quickly sucked and then mixed with water to be removed (removed) so that the smoke does not spread to a set smoke removing (smoke removing/Smoke Removal Zone) area, a fire room (living room), a corridor as a refuge route, stairs, etc., thereby preventing inflow of the smoke and toxic gas and minimizing casualties.
The device has a structure in which high-temperature flue gas and toxic gas which are expanded by hot gas and have a pressure increased are sucked and mixed with water (Mixing), removed by dissolving (dissolution), diluting (dilution) gas and liquid fine particle toxic gas in water, cooled, and removed by physical adsorption (physical adsorption) of solid fine particle smoke, black ash, ultra dust and the like.
The present invention can be applied to various fields such as subway stations, underground facilities and underground parking lots, various public practices, smoke removal in various channels, ultrafine dust removal in solid fine particles for industrial use, gas and liquid fine particles for military use, solid fine particles, various chemical and toxic gas detoxification facilities, sterilization [ metal oxide bacteria ] and epidemic prevention [ epidemic prevention ] facilities for industrial use and hospitals and agricultural and livestock production, and absorption removal of malodorous components in gas and liquid fine particles [ absorption removal of malodorous components in the form of fine particles ].
Fig. 3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining a basic concept and an operation manner of the suction type smoke removing apparatus (Smoke Removal System) according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing a structure of the suction type smoke removing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in more detail.
As shown in the drawing, the suction type smoke removing apparatus 30 according to the present invention includes a mixing duct 43, a plurality of vacuum generating multistage venturis 50, a blocking guide plate 37, a water supply part, and a nozzle 51. The smoke abatement apparatus 30 of this embodiment is located in a location within the building 10 between the living space 13 and the smoke abatement zone 15.
In general, a vertical common trench (no reference numeral) is provided between the living space 13 of the building and the smoke removal area 15, and the smoke removal apparatus 30 of the present embodiment may be disposed in the common trench. The common trench does not isolate the living space 13 from the smoke abatement zone 15. Of course, personnel within the living space 13 may move to the smoke abatement zone 15.
Meanwhile, the living space 13 in this specification is a space where a person using the building 10 is normally located. For example, if the building is an office building, the living space 13 is an office, a conference room, or a dining room. If the building is an apartment or a business apartment, the living space 13 is each indoor space.
The smoke abatement zone 15 may be a corridor, stairway or other accessory room used in escape from the building under extreme conditions. The smoke abatement zone, for example, serves as a passageway for personnel to pass or evacuate in the building in the event of a fire, should not be penetrated by smoke or toxic gases.
The air-breathing type smoke removing device 30 according to the present embodiment is provided outside the smoke removing area 15 and communicates with the smoke removing areas 15 of the respective layers through smoke removing dampers 15 a. Assuming that a negative pressure is formed in the mixing duct 43, air inside the smoke abatement zone 15 is rapidly sucked into the mixing duct 43 side. The smoke removal damper 15a connects the outside of the smoke removal area 15 with the inside.
As a result, the air-breathing type smoke removing device 30 of the present embodiment is provided outside the smoke removing area 15, and can discharge the gas flowing into the smoke removing area to the outside of the smoke removing area in the event of a fire, thereby enabling escape or evacuation through the smoke removing area. In the event of a fire, the rescue workers escaping from the living space 13 can be transferred to the smoke removal area 15 and safely detached from the outside of the building.
In addition, the mixing duct 43 serves as a vertically extending duct in which the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50, the blocking guide plate 37 and the water supply part are accommodated, and causes the water and gas mixture ejected by the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50 to flow toward the lower part.
The water discharged from the mixing pipe 43 can be independently recovered for the sewage treatment, and the water can be collected in an independent water tank and purified for recycling according to circumstances. That is, the water discharged through the lower portion of the mixing duct 43 is independently recovered to achieve the sewage treatment or captured in the water tank and purified, and the water is circulated in a flue gas and toxic gas suction removal type (except for the flue gas/Intake type Smoke Removal facility) apparatus, whereby the water can be reused to save water. The shape of the mixing duct 43 may be arbitrarily changed. Meanwhile, the main water supply pipe 31 may be independently provided outside the mixing pipe 43.
The water supply part is for supplying water to each of the vacuum generating multistage venturis 50, and includes a water supply pump 39, a main water supply pipe 31, and a branch pipe 33.
The water supply pump 39 pumps water supplied from the outside and performs an upward feeding function through the main water supply pipe 31. The water supplied from the outside may be water supplied from a fire engine for fire protection, or water stored in a separate water tank, or may be used as the water supply.
The main water supply pipe 31 is a pipe extending vertically upward and rises to the uppermost position of the building. The branch pipes 33 are pipes connected to the main water supply pipe 31 and extend toward the respective vacuum generation multistage venturis 50. Water flowing upward through the main water supply pipe 31 is supplied to the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50 through the branch pipe 33. The extension end of the branch pipe 33 is positioned to the center of the upper end of the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50 and is combined with the nozzle 51. The nozzle 51 is a nozzle incorporating a Swirl guide body (Swirl) and jets water at a high speed in a spiral flow pattern (Vortex Effect Pattern) and jets water passing through the branch pipe 33 downward at a high speed toward an inflow port 53a of a first jet pipe 53 described later. The shape of the vortex guide body may be any of various shapes, provided that it can form a spiral streamline.
The water injected from the nozzle 51 toward the inside of the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50 sucks in smoke, toxic gas dust, fine dust, soot, black ash, various unburned combustible gases or high temperature smoke, toxic gas, etc. raised in pressure by the negative pressure action, and mixes it with water, wherein the water is dissolved (dIssolution), diluted (dilution) liquid gas and liquid fine particles are toxic gas and removed, and solid fine particles are removed by physical adsorption (physical adsorption) of dust, black ash, ultra fine dust, various ultra fine dust in industrial sites and the like, and are allowed to fall down in a state of being mixed with water. The water-soluble toxic gases Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) and Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) generated during fire can be infinitely dissolved in water, the hydrogen chloride (HCl) can be very easily dissolved in water, and the phosgene (COCl) 2 ) Sulfur dioxide gas (SO) 2 ) Nitrogen dioxide (NO) 2 ) Carbon dioxide (CO) 2 ) And the like may be readily soluble in water.
In addition, the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50 has a function of passing the water supplied through the branch pipe 33, and generating negative pressure according to the venturi effect during the water passing to suck the gas inside the smoke abatement zone 15, and mixing the sucked gas with the water to be exhausted. That is, as shown in fig. 5, the gas in the smoke abatement zone 15 is sucked in the direction of arrow e, mixed with water, and then flowed downward.
Meanwhile, in this embodiment, three vacuum generating multistage venturis 50 are applied in parallel in each layer, and the number of vacuum generating multistage venturis 50 applied to each layer may be arbitrarily changed.
The blocking guide plate 37 serves as a plate-like member provided between the vacuum generating multistage venturis 50 arranged vertically, for example, to prevent water sprayed downward from the upper side vacuum generating multistage venturis from striking the lower side vacuum generating multistage venturis. The water passing through the vacuum generation multistage venturi 50 collides with the blocking guide plate 37, flows in the direction of arrow e in fig. 5, and falls.
Another function of the blocking guide plate 37 is to guide the gas drawn out through the smoke damper 15a so that the gas smoothly flows to the inlet portion, i.e., the upper end portion, of the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50. In other words, the extracted gas is guided so as not to be dispersed toward the upper portion and is rapidly sucked into the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50. The structure of the blocking guide plate 37 may be arbitrarily changed as long as the above-described function can be performed.
Fig. 7a to 7c are views for explaining the structure of the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50 shown in fig. 5.
As shown, the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50 has a triple structure of a first ejector pipe 53, a second ejector pipe 55, and a venturi housing 57. According to embodiments, the vacuum generating multi-stage venturi 50 may also be manufactured in more than four times.
The first injection pipe 53 is a cylindrical pipe having an inflow port 53a at an upper end portion and an outlet port 53e at a lower end portion, and the nozzle 51 is fixed to the upper end portion. The water sprayed from the nozzle 51 flows down toward the lower portion through the inflow port 53a of the first spray pipe 53. A plurality of mixing blades 53b are formed at the lower side of the first injection pipe 53.
The mixing blade 53b collides with water flowing down toward the lower portion, and serves to uniformly mix the water and the gas. The gas is introduced through the inflow port 53a by the negative pressure formed in the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50.
The mixing blade 53b is a portion formed by cutting the lower side portion of the first injection pipe 53 at equal intervals or in parallel in the length direction and then folding it inward in advance. The water passing through the first jet pipe 53 collides with the mixing blade 53b and is mixed with the gas, and has a spiral flow pattern (Vortex Effect Pattern).
The second injection pipe 55 is a pipe in which the first injection pipe 53 is accommodated. The length of the second injection pipe 55 is about twice the length of the first injection pipe 53. However, the length of the second ejector tube 55 may be changed. The distance between the inward surface of the second injection tube 55 and the outer circumferential surface of the first injection tube 55 is maintained by the connecting stay 54. The connection struts 54 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the circumferential direction of the first injection tube 53 and support the second injection tube 55.
The second injection pipe 55 is provided at an upper end portion thereof with an inflow port 55c and at a lower end portion thereof with an outlet portion 55e. The inflow port 55c is a passage for sucking in ambient gas. The outlet portion 55e is a passage for mixing and discharging the gas flowing in through the inflow port 55c with the gas-mixed water (fluid in which water is mixed with gas) injected from the first injection pipe.
A plurality of mixing blades 55b are also formed on the lower end portion of the second injection pipe 55. The mixing blade 55b is a portion formed by cutting the lower side portion of the second injection pipe 55 at equal intervals and then folding the cut portion inward. The mixture of the gas and the water passing through the second injection pipe 55 collides with the mixing blade 55b and is mixed again.
The venturi housing 57 accommodates the first and second spray pipes 53 and 55 therein, and the venturi housing 57 guides the water sprayed through the first and second spray pipes downward and has a shape in which a diameter thereof is widened toward the lower portion.
The venturi housing 57 is constituted by a fixed tube 58 and a rotary tube 59. The fixed tube 58 is a tube fixed to the second injection tube 55 by the connection stay 56, and the rotary tube 59 is a downwardly expanding tube rotatably mounted on the lower end portion of the fixed tube 58.
The fixed tube 58 has an inflow port 57a for sucking gas provided at an upper end portion thereof and a support portion 58a formed at a lower end portion thereof. The support portion 58a is configured by bending the lower end portion of the fixed tube 58 as a portion that supports the rotation tube 59 so as to be rotatable about the axis. The support portion 58a has a predetermined sectional shape in the circumferential direction of the fixing tube 58 and is provided with an accommodation groove 58b open to the inside.
The rotary tube 59 has a lower end portion with a diameter larger than that of an upper end portion, and has a bent insertion end portion 59a at the upper end. The bent insertion end 59a is a portion formed by bending the upper end of the rotary pipe outward, and is inserted and supported in the accommodation groove 58b. In addition, the curved insertion end portion 59a is slidable in the circumferential direction in a state of being accommodated in the accommodation groove 58b.
In particular, bearings 59e are mounted on the upper and lower portions of the curved insertion end portion 59a. The bearing 59e functions to reduce friction between the curved insertion end portion 59a and the accommodation groove 58b. The rotation tube 59 is smoothly rotated in a state supported by the support portion 58a by the bearing 59e.
Further, impeller blades 59g are provided inside the rotation pipe 59. The impeller blades 59g are blades arranged in a spiral, and have a function of receiving kinetic energy from water after the impeller blades 59g collide with the water, so that the rotation pipe 59 is rotated about the axis in the arrow k direction.
In particular, the water injected from the nozzle 51 rapidly becomes a vapor state depending on the high temperature of the flue gas and the toxic gas, and the volume thereof is gasified and expanded at 1 air pressure and 100 ℃, and is 2400 times at 260 ℃ and 4200 times or more at 650 ℃.
When the high-temperature smoke and toxic gas continuously rise towards the upper layer part of the indoor space during fire, so that the pressure of the upper layer part is increased, the smoke and toxic gas (unburned combustible gas and black smoke) with the increased pressure are diffused towards the direction of low pressure until reaching the preset critical point within about 3 minutes, the Flashover (Flashover) phenomenon is caused by the fact that radiant heat is ignited (ignition/direct fire), and the fire is diffused towards the surrounding. The temperature of the upper layer of the high-temperature flue gas and toxic gas can be raised to 600-900 ℃ due to radiant heat.
The volume of the fluid passing through the inside of the flow field is increased instantaneously by the hot gas of high temperature, and thus the flow rate is accelerated, so that the high-speed fluid, i.e., the mixed fluid mixed with water vapor, gas and water, can drastically decrease the pressure inside the vacuum generation multistage venturi 50 according to the venturi principle to further increase the attractive force, because the temperature lower than 100 ℃ can induce gasification expansion in a state where the pressure inside is lower than 1 air pressure, and the gasification expansion rate is increased to further increase the injection flow rate in a state where the pressure is lower.
As a result, the mixed fluid is gasified and expanded, so that high-speed fluid injection is realized in the venturi, and the attractive force of the sucked smoke and toxic gas is greatly increased. This is the principle that gas generated in the event of a fire is sucked into the inside of the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50.
According to the action of the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50, in the smoke removing apparatus of the present embodiment, in the gas passing through the vacuum generating multistage venturi 50, the liquid fine particle system toxic gas is dissolved or diluted in water, the solid fine particle system smoke, black ash, ultra fine dust and the like are physically adsorbed in water, and the hot gas of the tumble and the expanded water vapor are cooled by the water.
The gas generated in the case of a fire as a substance generated when the combustible material is burned is a composite mixture of high-temperature and very viscous solid-phase fine particles, liquid-phase particles such as tar, mist-phase vapor, and gas-phase molecules, and the toxic gas flows in a state of being dissolved or diluted in water toward the lower portion of the mixing duct 43 and is discharged to the outside.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications may be made by a person having ordinary knowledge within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An inhalation-type smoke abatement apparatus for exhausting a gas flowing into a smoke abatement zone to the outside of the smoke abatement zone, wherein the inhalation-type smoke abatement apparatus comprises:
a vacuum generating multistage venturi for passing water supplied from the outside and generating a negative pressure according to a venturi effect during the water passing so as to be able to suck gas inside the smoke removing region and mix the sucked gas with the water to be discharged;
a water supply part for supplying water to the vacuum generating multistage venturi; and
and a nozzle for injecting water supplied from the water supply unit into the vacuum generating multistage venturi.
2. The aerosol-generating, smoke abatement apparatus of claim 1, wherein,
the vacuum generation multistage venturi is arranged in a common ditch which is communicated with the smoke removal areas of the layers through pipelines,
the water supply part includes:
a water supply pump for pumping water; a main water supply pipe for guiding water pumped by the water supply pump to a vacuum generation multistage venturi side; and a branch pipe connected to the main water supply pipe, extending toward an inlet side of the vacuum generating multistage venturi, and connected to the nozzle.
3. The inhalation type smoke abatement apparatus of claim 2, wherein,
a plurality of vacuum generating multistage venturis are arranged at intervals up and down,
a blocking guide plate is provided between each of the vacuum generating multistage venturis for preventing water sprayed from the upper side vacuum generating multistage venturis from striking the lower side vacuum generating multistage venturis.
4. A suction type smoke abatement apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the suction type smoke abatement apparatus further comprises:
and a mixing duct extending vertically and accommodating the vacuum generating multistage venturi and the blocking guide plate, for guiding the water and gas mixture ejected from the vacuum generating multistage venturi to the lower portion.
5. The aerosol-generating, smoke abatement apparatus of claim 1, wherein,
the vacuum generating multistage venturi has:
a spray pipe having the nozzle at an upper end thereof, the spray pipe being configured to spray water sprayed from the nozzle toward a lower portion; and
a venturi housing surrounding the jet pipe and guiding water jetted by the jet pipe downward, the venturi housing having a shape that is expanded toward a lower diameter.
6. The aerosol-generating, smoke abatement apparatus of claim 5, wherein,
the ejector tube includes:
a first injection pipe having an inflow port combined with the nozzle for receiving water and gas together and an outlet port for outflow of water mixed with the gas; and
a second injection pipe which accommodates the first injection pipe and has an inflow port for sucking gas and an outlet portion for mixing the inflow gas with gas-mixed water ejected from the first injection pipe and discharging the mixed water,
the outlet portions of the first injection pipe and the second injection pipe are formed with mixing blades capable of mixing water with gas by collision with the inflowing water and gas.
7. The aerosol-generating, smoke abatement apparatus of claim 6, wherein,
the venturi housing includes:
a fixed pipe accommodating the second injection pipe and having an inflow port for sucking gas at an upper end portion;
a rotating pipe rotatably provided on a lower end portion of the fixed pipe; and
and impeller blades which are positioned inside the rotating pipe and are capable of rotating the rotating pipe by colliding with the sprayed water to receive kinetic energy from the water.
8. The aerosol-generating, smoke abatement apparatus of claim 7, wherein,
the fixing tube has a receiving groove formed at a lower end portion thereof, the receiving groove extending in a circumferential direction and having a predetermined sectional shape in the circumferential direction,
the rotating pipe has a curved insertion end portion formed at an upper end portion thereof, the curved insertion end portion being inserted and supported in the accommodation groove and being slidable in a circumferential direction in a state of being inserted into the accommodation groove.
9. The aerosol-generating, smoke abatement apparatus of claim 8, wherein,
and an oil-supply-free solid lubricating coating or an annular bearing is further arranged between the bent insertion end part and the accommodating groove.
10. The inhalation-type smoke abatement apparatus of claim 4, wherein the inhalation-type smoke abatement apparatus further comprises:
and a water supply pump for reusing the water discharged through the mixing duct.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2020-0139493 | 2020-10-26 | ||
| KR1020210136047A KR102586829B1 (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2021-10-13 | Intake type smoke removal facility |
| KR10-2021-0136047 | 2021-10-13 | ||
| PCT/KR2021/015096 WO2022092761A1 (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Intake-type smoke removal system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116601393A true CN116601393A (en) | 2023-08-15 |
Family
ID=87612102
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202180072438.9A Pending CN116601393A (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Air suction type smoke removing equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116601393A (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-10-26 CN CN202180072438.9A patent/CN116601393A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US11839779B2 (en) | Fire evacuation room | |
| JP6211002B2 (en) | Venturi smoke removal sprinkler and smoke and toxic gas removal device | |
| KR101885910B1 (en) | Tunnel smoke removal and fire suppression system | |
| KR101348998B1 (en) | Venturi smoke suction sprinkler and apparatus for removing smoke and toxic gas | |
| KR101166053B1 (en) | Preventing smoke dispersion apparatus using the air curtain for tunnel | |
| KR101306151B1 (en) | Restroom system of high-rise building as fire-refuge compartment, and operating method thereof | |
| CN209457341U (en) | A kind of Smoke prevention smoke evacuation system | |
| CN209123244U (en) | A kind of passageway for fire apparatus with Smoke prevention fire-retarding device | |
| CN116601393A (en) | Air suction type smoke removing equipment | |
| Kaczmarzyka et al. | Possibilities of using mobile fans and the parameters conditioning the effectiveness of tactical mechanical ventilation | |
| US20230400203A1 (en) | Intake-type smoke removal system | |
| JP5646698B1 (en) | Smoke treatment system for fire drill facility | |
| KR102586829B1 (en) | Intake type smoke removal facility | |
| KR102128021B1 (en) | Smoke Exhaust Method and Device for Fire Extinguishing of Inside the Tunnel | |
| US20230407700A1 (en) | In-building access path installation type smoke control system | |
| KR20190038050A (en) | Oxygen channel feeder for fire escape route and control method thereof | |
| KR102073356B1 (en) | Fire emergency evacuation safety system with air supply and air suction adjustment | |
| CN102380174A (en) | Fire escape system | |
| KR102320354B1 (en) | Poisonous gas exhaust system | |
| KR102331073B1 (en) | Smoke Controlling Equipment for apartment house | |
| KR20190053592A (en) | Fire Emergency Evacuation Safety System | |
| EP4234871A1 (en) | In-building access path installation type smoke control system | |
| CN216204026U (en) | Indoor quick smoke prevention and exhaust device for fire engineering | |
| CN113734026B (en) | Rescue vehicle for inflammable and explosive gas of dangerous chemicals | |
| KR102368341B1 (en) | Smoke control system using stairwells |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |