CN116598060A - Differential transmission dual-coaxial assembly for single-pair Ethernet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Differential transmission dual-coaxial assembly for single-pair Ethernet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
- H01B11/06—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with means for reducing effects of electromagnetic or electrostatic disturbances, e.g. screens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
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- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
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- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
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- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/20—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for assembling or disassembling contact members with insulating base, case or sleeve
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a differential transmission double-coaxial assembly for a single-pair Ethernet and a preparation method thereof. By the mode, the differential transmission double-coaxial assembly for the single-pair Ethernet and the preparation method thereof can improve transmission bandwidth and anti-interference performance, and the novel coaxial cable connector can be compatible with connectors of various optical and electric cables, and is low in manufacturing cost and convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Ethernet cables, in particular to a differential transmission dual-coaxial assembly for a single-pair Ethernet and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A single ethernet pair (Single Pair Ethernet, SPE) gives the whole industrial network a opportunity to implement protocol standardization. In view of the huge number of sensors and actuators in industrial equipment, although ethernet is a standard for many industrial networks, various system layers go out in an industrial reality scenario, and a series of traditional gateways go out to a very high number. The role of single-pair ethernet in bridging ethernet and other various systems is a place of greater interest to the industry beyond its performance advantages. Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) is an advanced and simpler form of ethernet connection that can replace the traditional twisted pair. Two or four pairs of cables are needed before, but SPEs are reduced to one pair, so that the space occupation is smaller, and the requirements of various standardized communication protocols can be met. The SPE uses the existing infrastructure, expands the connection to 1000 meters through PoSPE (Single pair Power over Ethernet) function, and the application is very flexible. SPE has made it easier to support the key aspects of next generation automation technologies (e.g., IIoT and industry 4.0).
Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) is a technology that provides ethernet transport over a pair of copper wires while also transporting power to connected devices over a data line power supply (PoSPE). Summarizing the development of SPE, one can generalize to the following 3 points:
1. SPE is a technique for ethernet data transmission over only a single pair of wires. In addition to data transmission over ethernet, SPEs may also power terminal devices simultaneously through the PoSPE (power over Single pair Ethernet single pair ethernet). SPE opens up brand new possibilities and application fields for industrial Internet of things (IIoT) (Industrial Internet of Things).
2. The SPE originally originates from the automobile industry, and can reduce the weight of automobile wiring and reduce the cost while meeting the ultra-high data transmission rate with high reliability in a narrow space, thereby improving the competitiveness of automobile manufacturers.
3. Along with the rapid development and wide application of industrial Internet of things (IIoT) and industry 4.0, the application fields of SPEs are more and more wide, such as industrial automation security, robots, traffic fields, intelligent buildings and the like. In the above various types of application scenarios of the internet of things, a large number of devices are accessed, such as high-definition cameras, sensors, high-resolution displays, and the like. The weight is reduced, the cost is reduced, the installation process is simplified, and the like, so that the SPE becomes one of key technologies for success of the Internet of things.
Technical principle of Single Pair Ethernet (SPE): as shown in fig. 7, the standard ethernet uses single cable communication with independent cables to transmit and receive data.
The SPE, taking 10BASE-T1L as an example, its port physical layer (PHY) may use full duplex communication on a single pair of balanced conductors, i.e., with an effective data rate of 10 Mbps in each direction at the same time. The 10BASE-T1L port physical layer (PHY) uses three-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM 3) to transmit at 7.5 megabaud on the link segment. The 33-bit scrambler may help to improve electromagnetic compatibility. The Media Independent Interface (MII) transmit data (TXD <3:0 >) is encoded using a quaternary ternary (4B 3T) code to keep the running average (DC baseline) of the PAM3 symbols transmitted within range. Setting the transmitter output voltage of 10BASE-T1L PHY to 1.0 Vpp or 2.4 Vpp differential using the management data input/output interface helps achieve longer communication distances on different cables.
As shown in fig. 8, SPE uses echo cancellation to achieve full duplex communication over 1 pair twisted pair lines, and multi-level signaling and equalization to improve signal quality and achieve the desired data rate over a single pair cable. There is no difference in the interface between the Processor and the port physical layer (PHY); within the PHY, however, the transmit and receive segments of the medium dependent interface need to be modified as described above to achieve single pair operation.
The SPE may also transmit power along the same single pair of cables via a data line (PoDL) through a low pass filter as shown in fig. 9.
In the conventional cable and connector design of the 4-pair ethernet, the biggest challenge for product development engineers is crosstalk between nearby internal pairs, and as the working frequency of the cable increases, alien crosstalk from nearby cables cannot be ignored. In a 4-pair wire network, noise is mainly derived from itself, but also from outside. The crosstalk interference between the inner wire pairs and between the outer wire pairs can be well improved by adopting a wire pair shielding and summing shielding structure in the cable part; however, in the connector part, the RJ45 structure and the wire-sequential crimping mode of TIA568A/B, which are left from the analog telephone era, break the transmission balance inherently, and an additional compensation circuit is needed to perform the acquired compensation, so that the design difficulty of the connector is increased along with the increase of the frequency, and it is difficult to ensure the intercommunication compatibility of different brands. Although connectors such as terra, ARJ45, M12 and the like have appeared in the latter stage to purposefully improve the high-frequency performance of the connection device, the aneroid market has long been used to RJ45 ports and has not positively responded, which is a main reason why 4-wire ethernet is stagnated at 2 GHz.
While a similar problem is that in a single pair this is simple, firstly, the most significant source of noise-the other internal pair is not present, while alien crosstalk is the most significant source of noise, and the associated crosstalk is well resisted by the simple total cable shielding. The connector adopts a completely balanced design and can realize 360-degree omnibearing shielding, so that the problem of balanced transmission is solved in the first place. It is envisioned that we have only developed a small portion of the potential of SPE currently, and it is envisioned that using the already mature production process of class 8 wire, SPE operating frequency can easily break through 2GHz, in combination with the same mature 40GBase-T technology, SPE can transmit 10G tera-net over a distance of break through 40 meters,
a single pair balanced cable (balanced single pair cable) is a cable comprised of a pair of conductors, a shield (optional) and a jacket (optional), and is primarily used for differential mode signal transmission and/or power transmission applications. It can be seen by the standard definition of a single pair of balanced cables that both the shield and the sheath are optional, that is, the form of the single pair cable may be varied depending on the environment of use.
The single pair balanced cable distribution channel (balanced single pair cabling channel) refers to a cable distribution channel formed by a single pair of balanced cables, a single pair of balanced connectors and a single pair of balanced jumpers, and is used for differential mode signal transmission and power transmission applications. The channel supports the most important component of the integrated cabling standard for Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) applications. The characteristics of the channel are specified based on the connection between the active devices. The channel includes only passive portions of cables, connectors, and jumpers. Irrespective of the connection of the hardware interface on the active device.
A single pair balanced connector (balanced single pair connector) refers to a connector used to transmit differential mode signals and power transmission applications with a single pair of balanced cables.
The requirements of the single pair ethernet connector, including input to output dc resistance, input to output dc resistance imbalance, dc current carrying capacity, transmission delay, insulation resistance and withstand voltage, transfer impedance (applicable only to shielded connectors), return loss, insertion loss, unbalanced attenuation and coupling attenuation, external near-end crosstalk (loss) power and (PS ANEXT), are defined in detail by T/CECA 59-2021, single pair balanced cable and channel specifications for information communications. The above requirements are, in addition to insulation resistance and withstand voltage, requirements for a pair of mated connectors. Changes to the latest standards are relevant, and there is a continuing concern about revisions and release progress of the IEC 63171 series connector standards.
Where is the coaxial transmission compared to twisted pair transmission? The coaxial transmission line is a high-quality broadband shielding transmission line: transmission attenuation is reduced: at present, the product level in China is 0-20 GHz, and the transmission bandwidth of a twisted pair is about 1/10 of that of a coaxial line; the electromagnetic field of the transmission signal is limited in the shielding layer, the electromagnetic field does not radiate outwards, the external electromagnetic field cannot pass through the shielding layer to enter the shielding layer according to the principle of receiving and transmitting reversibility, and the principle of coaxial interference generation is another thing. Twisted pair is different in that its signal carrying electromagnetic field is theoretically distributed in infinite space. According to the principle of reversible transmission and reception, an external space electromagnetic field can also directly enter the twisted pair. The twisted pair cannot prevent external electromagnetic fields from entering, but the signals received by the two wires are identical as far as possible by adopting a spiral twisting method, and the identical common-mode interference signal is restrained by adopting a balanced differential signal processing technology. The key here is the "balanced" nature of the twisted pair, which once differential, interference will be lost and foreign objects will affect the balance. The engineering "balance" is relative, not absolute, and the "common mode rejection" performance of the circuit is of a range. These two practical problems determine the anti-interference capability of the twisted pair, which is a limitation, and it is the reason that shielded twisted pairs must be used in the case of strong interference specified in the integrated network wiring rule.
In contrast, the processing of the twisted wire is simple, the process is mature, and the equipment is universal. However, in the process of processing the twisted wire structure, the twisted wire structure is damaged due to various factors such as the change of the twisted wire pitch, instability and the like, including the process of peeling off the aluminum foil, so that the problems of signal attenuation, reflection and the like are caused by the low-pass property, nonideal property, skin effect, discontinuous impedance and the like of the medium after the signal passes through the cable. Therefore, as the transmission bandwidth requirement of the line increases, the structural difference is amplified according to the difference caused by the attenuation ratio of the high-frequency signal and the low-frequency signal. The pair twisting structure can directly influence the impedance, attenuation, crosstalk and the like, the pair twisting pitch, the pair shielding tightness and the pair shielding thickness are all variable, when high-frequency parameters are required, the precision of the parameters is extremely difficult to control, the requirements on processing are higher, the market feedback stability of the conventional pair twisting structure is extremely poor, the swing is unqualified, and the good and bad effects of the attenuation are caused by the structure.
The coaxial cable is applied to the network cable, and the characteristics of inherent high transmission frequency, low loss, strong anti-interference capability and structural stability of the coaxial cable are fully exerted in the high-frequency transmission cable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a differential transmission double-coaxial assembly for a single-pair Ethernet instead of the traditional single-pair twisted pair, can improve transmission bandwidth and anti-interference performance, and adopts a novel coaxial cable connector which can be compatible with connectors of various optical and electric cables, and has low manufacturing cost and convenient use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: a differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for a single pair ethernet is provided, comprising a differential transmission dual coaxial cable and a coaxial cable connector for a single pair ethernet;
the differential transmission double coaxial cable for the single pair of Ethernet comprises two coaxial lines which are arranged in parallel, wherein the outer side of each coaxial line is provided with a grounding wire, the two sides of each coaxial line are symmetrically provided with insulating fillers, the outer sides of the coaxial lines, the grounding wires and the insulating fillers are coated by a polyester tape adhesive tape to form a differential transmission channel unit, the outer sides of the polyester tape adhesive tape are provided with a low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin flame-retardant sheath, each coaxial line comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor, a physical foaming high-voltage polyethylene insulating layer is arranged between the inner conductor and the outer conductor, the outer sides of the outer conductors are provided with woven shielding layers, and the inner conductors and the outer conductors are connected with a coaxial cable connector through the grounding wires.
The coaxial cable connector comprises a F-type connector and an M-type connector which are in butt joint, the F-type connector and the M-type connector comprise tail sleeves, sealing heat shrink tubes are arranged in the tail sleeves, one ends of the sealing heat shrink tubes are connected with differential transmission double coaxial cables for single-pair Ethernet, the other ends of the sealing heat shrink tubes are connected with positioning seats, copper guide pins are arranged in the positioning seats of the F-type connector, copper hole pins are arranged in the positioning seats of the M-type connector, the F-type connector and the M-type connector are in butt joint, so that the copper guide pins are inserted into the copper hole pins, and coaxial copper wires and grounding copper wires are connected to the copper guide pins and the copper hole pins.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the highest transmission bandwidth of the coaxial line, i.e. the cut-off frequency, is expressed asThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The attenuation formula of the coaxial line is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The characteristic impedance of a coaxial cable at high frequencies can be calculated as follows: />The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein D is the outer diameter of the inner conductor, D is the inner diameter of the outer conductor, c is the speed of light, +.>，/>Conductivity of the inner conductor and the outer conductor, respectively, < >>And->The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent of the insulating layer, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an insulating inner skin is sleeved on the outer side of the inner conductor, the physical foaming high-voltage polyethylene insulating layer is sleeved on the outer side of the inner skin, the outer conductor is sleeved on the outer side of the physical foaming high-voltage polyethylene insulating layer, the outer conductor is a copper foil wrapped outer conductor, and the braided shielding layer is a copper wire braided shielding layer.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rear end of the sealing heat shrink tube is connected with a compression ring and a stop, the positioning seat is connected with the stop, and one ends of the coaxial copper wire and the grounding copper wire extend into the stop.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the copper lead pin is provided with a connector, the copper hole pin is provided with a connecting hole, and the copper lead pin is connected with the copper hole in a matching way so that the connector is inserted into the connecting hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the front ends of the copper guide pins and the copper hole pins are provided with positioning grooves, and the coaxial copper wires and the grounding copper wires extend into the positioning grooves and are welded in the positioning grooves.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coaxial copper wire and the ground copper wire are disposed in parallel, and the ground copper wire is disposed between the two coaxial copper wires.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tail of the F-type connector is connected with an F-type connection housing, the tail of the M-type connector is connected with an M-type connection housing, the rear end of the copper guide pin extends into the F-type connection housing, the rear end of the copper hole pin extends into the M-type connection housing, and the F-type connector and the M-type connector are in butt joint so that the M-type connection housing is inserted into the F-type connection housing, thereby the copper guide pin is correspondingly inserted into the copper hole pin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an elastic key is provided on the F-shaped connection housing, a bayonet is provided on the M-shaped connection housing, and the elastic key and the bayonet are coupled to couple the F-shaped connection housing and the M-shaped connection housing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts another technical scheme that: the differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for the single-pair Ethernet comprises the following steps: a. manufacturing an insulating core wire: extruding a high density polyethylene or sheath-bubble-sheath polyolefin insulation layer over the inner conductor over the tandem wire; b. and (3) manufacturing an outer conductor: passing through a wrapping machine, wrapping a layer of copper foil and a layer of metal braiding shielding layer outside the insulating core wire, wherein the thickness of the copper foil is not less than 0.004mm, so that a coaxial line is obtained; c. manufacturing a double coaxial unit: two coaxial lines and a grounding wire are respectively arranged at two sides, two insulating filling ropes are symmetrically arranged at two sides, a layer of polyester tape adhesive tape is wrapped outside the two coaxial lines to form a group of double coaxial units formed by the two coaxial lines, an outer conductor of the cable is connected with a grounding shell of the connector through the grounding wire, and finally a low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin flame-retardant sheath is extruded on a sheath extrusion line; d. the tail sleeve, the sealing heat shrink tube and the compression ring are penetrated into the differential transmission double coaxial cable for the single pair of Ethernet in advance, the sheath with specific size is stripped according to the requirement of connector size, the F connector is assembled with copper needle, the M connector is assembled with copper hole needle, the corresponding fire wire, zero wire and ground wire are welded according to the mark of the positioning seat, the F connector shell/M connector shell is assembled, the compression ring is riveted, the optical cable is fixed, the sealing heat shrink tube is assembled, and finally the tail tube is assembled for testing the circuit performance.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention is used for differential transmission double coaxial assemblies of single pair Ethernet and a preparation method thereof, which are applied to SPE systems, and the differential transmission double coaxial cables formed by coaxial wires are used for replacing the traditional bolt stranded wires, thereby improving the transmission bandwidth and the anti-interference performance of the system.
The differential transmission double-coaxial assembly for the single-pair Ethernet and the preparation method thereof combine two coaxial wires into a cable in a special mode, abandon the traditional coaxial connector, adopt a small double-core pluggable connector and can be compatible with connectors of various optical and electric cables. The bandwidth of the coaxial line cable can reach 20GHz, which is far higher than that of the twisted pair cable, and the coaxial line cable can be suitable for the length of approximately 1000 meters. Therefore, the cost is very low, the use is convenient, and a brand new cable type is provided for SPE wiring.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a differential transmission dual coaxial cable for single pair Ethernet according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a differential transport dual coaxial assembly for an SPE;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an F-type connector;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an M-type connector;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a coupling state of the positioning seat;
FIG. 7 is a technical schematic of a Single Pair Ethernet (SPE);
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an SPE using echo cancellation to implement full duplex communication over a pair of twisted pair wires;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of SPE transmitting power along the same single pair cable via a data line (PoDL) through a low pass filter;
the components in the drawings are marked as follows: 1. differential transmission dual coaxial cable for single-pair ethernet, 11, coaxial line, 111, inner conductor, 112, outer conductor, 113, physical foaming high-voltage polyethylene insulating layer, 114, braided shielding layer, 12, grounding wire, 13, insulating filler, 14, polyester tape adhesive tape, 15, low smoke halogen-free polyolefin flame-retardant sheath, 2, F-type connector, 3, M-type connector, 21, tail sleeve, 22, sealing heat shrink tube, 23, compression ring, 24, stop, 25, positioning seat, 26, copper guide needle, 261, connector, 262, positioning groove, 263, coaxial copper wire, 264, grounding copper wire, 27, copper hole needle, 271, connecting hole, 28, F-type connecting shell, 281, elastic key, 29, M-type connecting shell, 291, bayonet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are shown only in connection with the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, since any modification, variation in proportions, or adjustment of the size, etc. of the structures, proportions, etc. should be considered as falling within the spirit and scope of the invention, without affecting the effect or achievement of the objective. Also, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention for modification or adjustment of the relative relationships thereof, as they are also considered within the scope of the invention without substantial modification to the technical context.
Differential transmission principle: the transmitting end converts the signals into signals with equal amplitude and opposite polarities, and the receiving end subtracts the two signals with opposite polarities into a common signal after the signals are transmitted by the double coaxial lines, so that common mode interference can be effectively restrained.
The interference signal acts on the two coaxial lines in agreement (this interference signal is called a common mode signal), and the common mode signal can be canceled in the differential circuit of the received signal, thereby extracting a useful signal (differential mode signal).
The differential transmission makes the noise generated by external interference on two wires identical so that the subsequent differential circuit extracts useful signals, the differential circuit is a subtracting circuit, the signals (common mode signals) of two input ends in phase cancel each other out (m-n), and the signals of opposite phases are equivalent to x- (-y), and the differential transmission is enhanced. In theory, m=n, x=y in the differential circuit corresponds to the interference signal being completely cancelled and the useful signal being doubled.
Referring to fig. 1, a differential transmission dual coaxial cable 1 for a single pair of ethernet comprises two coaxial lines 11 arranged in parallel, wherein a ground wire 12 is arranged on the outer side of each coaxial line 11, insulation fillers 13 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of each coaxial line 11, the outer sides of the coaxial lines 11, the ground wires 12 and the insulation fillers 13 are coated by a polyester tape adhesive tape 14 to form a differential transmission channel unit, a low smoke zero halogen polyolefin flame retardant sheath 15 is arranged on the outer side of the polyester tape adhesive tape 14, the coaxial lines 11 comprise an inner conductor 111 and an outer conductor 112, a physical foaming high voltage polyethylene insulation layer 113 is arranged between the inner conductor 111 and the outer conductor 112, a woven shielding layer 114 is arranged on the outer side of the outer conductor 112, and the inner conductor 111 and the outer conductor 112 are connected with a connector through the ground wire 12.
The highest transmission bandwidth of the coaxial line 11, i.e. the cut-off frequency, is formulated asThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The attenuation formula of the coaxial line 11 is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Coaxial cable inThe characteristic impedance at high frequencies can be calculated as follows: />The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein D is the outer diameter of the inner conductor, D is the inner diameter of the outer conductor, c is the speed of light, +.>，/>Conductivity of the inner conductor 111 and the outer conductor, respectively, < >>And->The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent of the insulating layer, respectively. The impedance along the omega-axis 11 is 50 omega, and the parallel double coaxial impedance is 100 omega.
Two coaxial lines 11 and the grounding wire 12 are put flat together, two insulating fillers 13 (insulating filling ropes) are symmetrically placed on two sides, and the outside is wrapped by polyester adhesive tape to form a round unit. This constitutes a differentially transmitted channel unit. And finally extruding the sheath layer by using polyolefin low-smoke halogen-free sheath material. The connectors are mounted at both ends of a fixed-length cable, and the inner conductor 111 and the outer conductor 112 of the cable are connected with a small-sized double-core pluggable connector (through the ground wire 12). Branching jumpers may also be constructed. The coaxial cable of the invention has the following advantages: in view of the inherent characteristics of the coaxial line 11 and the parallel double line, the coaxial line 11 has wider transmission bandwidth than the parallel double line, and the electromagnetic field is concentrated, so that the shielding performance is better; the geometry of the coaxial line 11 is smaller than the parallel double line volume and the structure is more compact.
The preparation method of the differential transmission dual coaxial cable for the single-pair Ethernet comprises the following steps:
the first step: inner conductor 111 is manufactured: on the tandem wire, a high density polyethylene or sheath-bubble-sheath polyolefin insulation layer 113 (a physically foamed high voltage polyethylene insulation layer) is extruded over a silver-plated copper wire (inner conductor 111).
And a second step of: outer conductor 112 is manufactured: a layer of copper foil and a layer of metal braiding shielding layer 114 (the thickness of the copper foil is not less than 0.004 mm) are wrapped outside the insulating core wire through a wrapping machine;
and a third step of: manufacturing a double coaxial unit: two coaxial wires 11 and a short-circuit copper wire 12 are respectively arranged at two sides, two insulating filling ropes are symmetrically arranged at two sides, and a layer of polyester tape adhesive tape 14 is wrapped outside the two coaxial wires. A set of two coaxial units is formed of two coaxial lines 11. The outer conductor 112 of the cable is connected to the connector ground housing by the shorted copper wire 12.
Fourth step: a low smoke zero halogen polyolefin flame retardant sheath 15 is extruded over the sheath extrusion line.
A coaxial cable connector includes a mating F-connector 2 and an M-connector 3. As shown in fig. 2, the F-type connector 2 and the M-type connector 3 include a tail sleeve 21, a sealing heat shrinkage tube 22 is arranged in the tail sleeve 21, one end of the sealing heat shrinkage tube 22 is connected with the differential transmission dual coaxial cable 1 for single pair ethernet, the other end of the sealing heat shrinkage tube 22 is connected with a compression ring 23 and a stop 24, and a positioning seat 25 is arranged at the rear end of the stop 24. Copper guide pins 26 are arranged in the positioning seat 25 of the F-shaped connector 2, and copper hole pins 27 are arranged in the positioning seat 25 of the M-shaped connector 3. The F-type connector 2 and the M-type connector 3 are in butt joint, so that the copper guide pin 26 is inserted into the copper hole pin 27, the compression ring 23 and the stop 24 are of an air structure and form a cavity, the copper guide pin 26 and the copper hole pin 27 are connected with a coaxial copper wire 263 and a grounding copper wire 264, and one ends of the coaxial copper wire 263 and the grounding copper wire 264 extend into the cavity of the stop 24, as shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the copper pin 26 has a connection head 261 at its end. As shown in fig. 6, the copper hole needle 27 has a connection hole 271 therein. Copper pins 26 are abutted with copper hole pins 27 so that connection head 261 is inserted into connection hole 271.
The copper pins 26 and 27 have positioning grooves 262 at the front ends thereof, and coaxial copper wires 263 and ground copper wires 264 extend into the positioning grooves 262 and are soldered in the positioning grooves 262. The coaxial copper wires 263 and the ground copper wires 264 are arranged in parallel, and the ground copper wires 264 are positioned between the two coaxial copper wires 263. As shown in fig. 6, the connectors of the copper guide pins 26 sequentially correspond to the N-zero line head, the E-ground line head and the L-live line head, the connecting holes of the copper hole pins 27 sequentially correspond to the N-zero line hole, the E-ground line hole and the L-live line hole, and a reverse butt joint structure is adopted when the copper guide pins 26 are in butt joint with the copper hole pins 27, so that the zero line holes between the copper guide pins 26 and the copper hole pins 27 are in butt joint with the zero line head, the ground line head is in butt joint with the ground line hole, the butt joint of the live line head and the live line hole is realized, the coupling of the positioning seat 25 is realized, the rapid and accurate butt joint of the positioning seat 25 is realized through the positioning seat key, and the differential transmission dual coaxial cable communication for the single pair ethernet on the F-type connector and the M-type connector is realized through the copper guide pins 26, the copper wire 263 and the ground copper wire 264.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the F-type connector 2 has an F-type connection housing 28 connected to the tail thereof, and the M-type connector 3 has an M-type connection housing 29 connected to the tail thereof. The rear end of the copper pin 26 extends into the F-shaped connection housing 28, and the rear end of the copper pin 27 extends into the M-shaped connection housing 29. The F-connector 2 and the M-connector 3 are mated such that the M-connector housing 29 is inserted into the F-connector housing 28, thereby inserting the copper pins 26 into the copper hole pins 27 correspondingly. The F-shaped connecting shell 28 is provided with the elastic key 281, the M-shaped connecting shell 29 is provided with the bayonet 291, the elastic key 281 is connected with the bayonet 291 in a matched mode to couple the F-shaped connecting shell 28 and the M-shaped connecting shell 29, and the sealing ring is arranged behind the M-shaped connector 3 to ensure that the M-shaped connector 3 and the F-shaped connector 2 play roles in water and dust prevention when in butt joint.
The assembly process for the differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for the SPE is as follows; the tail sleeve 21, the sealing heat shrink tube 22 and the compression ring 23 are inserted into the differential transmission double coaxial cable 1 for the single pair of Ethernet in advance, the sheath with specific size is stripped according to the requirement of connector size, the F connector is assembled with copper needles, the M connector is assembled with copper hole needles 27, the corresponding live wire, zero wire and ground wire are welded according to the identification (L live wire, N zero wire and E ground wire) of the positioning seat 25, the F connector shell/M connector shell is assembled, the compression ring 23 is riveted, an optical cable is fixed, the sealing heat shrink tube 22 is assembled, and finally the tail tube is assembled for testing the circuit performance.
Compared with the prior art, the differential transmission dual-coaxial assembly for the single-pair Ethernet and the preparation method thereof can improve transmission bandwidth and anti-interference performance, and the novel coaxial cable connector can be compatible with connectors of various optical and electric cables, and is low in manufacturing cost and convenient to use.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above by way of illustration and not limitation, and the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the drawings in which the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the structural mode and the embodiments similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for a single pair ethernet comprising a differential transmission dual coaxial cable for a single pair ethernet and a coaxial cable connector;
the utility model provides a coaxial cable for differential transmission of single pair ethernet includes two parallel arrangement's coaxial line, every the outside of coaxial line is equipped with a earth connection, the bilateral symmetry of coaxial line is provided with insulating filler, the outside of coaxial line, earth connection and insulating filler is through polyester tape adhesive tape cladding formation differential transmission's passageway unit, the outside of polyester tape adhesive tape is equipped with the fire-retardant sheath of low smoke zero halogen polyolefin, the coaxial line includes inner conductor and outer conductor, be equipped with physical foaming high pressure polyethylene insulating layer between inner conductor and the outer conductor, the outside of outer conductor is equipped with the braided shield layer, inner conductor and outer conductor are connected with the coaxial cable connector through earth connection, the coaxial cable connector includes F type connector and the M type connector of butt joint, F type connector and M type connector include the tail sleeve, be equipped with sealed pyrocondensation pipe in the tail sleeve, the one end of sealed pyrocondensation pipe is connected with the two coaxial cable of differential transmission that is used for single pair of ethernet, and the other end of sealed pyrocondensation pipe is connected with the positioning seat, copper conductor and copper wire connector are equipped with the copper conductor in the copper needle of copper needle, M type connector, copper needle and copper needle connector are connected with copper needle and copper needle hole, copper needle and copper needle connector.
2. The differential transmission dual coaxial cable for single pair ethernet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the highest transmission bandwidth of the coaxial cable, i.e. cut-off frequency, is formulated asThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The attenuation formula of the coaxial line isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The characteristic impedance of a coaxial cable at high frequencies can be calculated as follows: />The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein D is the outer diameter of the inner conductor, D is the inner diameter of the outer conductor, c is the speed of light, +.>， />Conductivity of the inner conductor and the outer conductor, respectively, < >>And->The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent of the insulating layer, respectively.
3. The differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for a single pair ethernet as recited in claim 2, wherein an insulating inner skin is sleeved outside the inner conductor, the physical foamed high voltage polyethylene insulating layer is sleeved outside the inner skin, the outer conductor is sleeved outside the physical foamed high voltage polyethylene insulating layer, the outer conductor is a copper foil wrapped outer conductor, and the braided shielding layer is a copper wire braided shielding layer.
4. The differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for a single pair ethernet as recited in claim 1, wherein said sealing heat shrink tube has a compression ring and a stop at a rear end thereof, said positioning seat is connected to the stop, and one ends of said coaxial copper wire and said ground copper wire extend into the stop.
5. The differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for a single pair of ethernet as recited in claim 4, wherein said copper pin has a connector at an end thereof, said copper pin has a connection hole therein, and said copper pin is aligned with said copper pin such that said connector is inserted into said connection hole.
6. The differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for a single pair ethernet as recited in claim 5, wherein said copper pins and copper pins have locating slots at their forward ends, and wherein said coaxial copper wires and ground copper wires extend into said locating slots and are soldered within said locating slots.
7. The differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for single pair ethernet according to claim 6, wherein said coaxial wires and ground copper wires are disposed in parallel, said ground copper wires being disposed on either side of two coaxial wires.
8. The differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for a single pair ethernet as recited in claim 7, wherein said F-connector has an F-connector housing connected to a tail thereof, said M-connector has an M-connector housing connected to a tail thereof, said copper pins have rear ends extending into said F-connector housing, said copper pins have rear ends extending into said M-connector housing, said F-connector and said M-connector are mated such that said M-connector housing is inserted into said F-connector housing such that copper pins are inserted into said copper pins.
9. The differential transmission dual coaxial assembly for a single pair ethernet network of claim 8, wherein said F-shaped connection housing has a resilient key thereon, said M-shaped connection housing has a bayonet thereon, and wherein said resilient key and bayonet mating connection couple said F-shaped connection housing and said M-shaped connection housing.
10. A differential transmission dual coax assembly for a single pair ethernet as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a. manufacturing an insulating core wire: extruding a high density polyethylene or sheath-bubble-sheath polyolefin insulation layer over the inner conductor over the tandem wire;
b. and (3) manufacturing an outer conductor: passing through a wrapping machine, wrapping a layer of copper foil and a layer of metal braiding shielding layer outside the insulating core wire, wherein the thickness of the copper foil is not less than 0.004mm, so that a coaxial line is obtained;
c. manufacturing a double coaxial unit: two coaxial lines and a grounding wire are respectively arranged at two sides, two insulating filling ropes are symmetrically arranged at two sides, a layer of polyester tape adhesive tape is wrapped outside the two coaxial lines to form a group of double coaxial units formed by the two coaxial lines, an outer conductor of the cable is connected with a grounding shell of the connector through the grounding wire, and finally a low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin flame-retardant sheath is extruded on a sheath extrusion line;
d. the tail sleeve, the sealing heat shrink tube and the compression ring are penetrated into the differential transmission double coaxial cable for the single pair of Ethernet in advance, the sheath with specific size is stripped according to the requirement of connector size, the F connector is assembled with copper needle, the M connector is assembled with copper hole needle, the corresponding fire wire, zero wire and ground wire are welded according to the mark of the positioning seat, the F connector shell/M connector shell is assembled, the compression ring is riveted, the optical cable is fixed, the sealing heat shrink tube is assembled, and finally the tail tube is assembled for testing the circuit performance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310590231.1A CN116598060A (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Differential transmission dual-coaxial assembly for single-pair Ethernet and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310590231.1A CN116598060A (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Differential transmission dual-coaxial assembly for single-pair Ethernet and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116598060A true CN116598060A (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310590231.1A Pending CN116598060A (en) | 2023-05-24 | 2023-05-24 | Differential transmission dual-coaxial assembly for single-pair Ethernet and preparation method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116598060A (en) |
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- 2023-05-24 CN CN202310590231.1A patent/CN116598060A/en active Pending
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