CN116593415B - Dynamic detection device and method for soil heavy metal remediation - Google Patents
Dynamic detection device and method for soil heavy metal remediation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116593415B CN116593415B CN202310878415.8A CN202310878415A CN116593415B CN 116593415 B CN116593415 B CN 116593415B CN 202310878415 A CN202310878415 A CN 202310878415A CN 116593415 B CN116593415 B CN 116593415B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 305
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006388 chemical passivation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 29
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910004077 HF-HNO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013479 data entry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/3103—Atomic absorption analysis
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic detection device and a method for soil heavy metal restoration, which relate to the technical field of soil heavy metal detection and comprise a DGT device, an atomic absorption spectrometer and an intelligent controller based on a microcomputer; the DGT device comprises a multi-layer soil collecting assembly, a drill bit and a plurality of combined membrane treatment devices, wherein accommodating chambers are formed in the multi-layer soil collecting assembly, and the multi-layer soil collecting assembly is used for collecting soil to be detected in different depths and conveying the soil to the accommodating chambers. The structure design thought that traditional DGT device comprises an open bottom and a collection layer with resin film is changed, the DGT device adopts three cylinders that top-down set up to mount a plurality of scrapers respectively, cooperates inside accommodating chamber and with DGT monitoring module's connection structure design, realizes gathering the different many soil samples of degree of depth simultaneously, has avoided single position soil sample to detect the uncertainty that brings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil heavy metal detection, in particular to a dynamic detection device and method for soil heavy metal restoration.
Background
Soil heavy metal pollution refers to soil environmental problems caused by that certain metal elements in soil exceed the standard limit value of environmental quality or exceed a certain degree. These heavy metals include cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, arsenic, etc., which are highly toxic and potentially ecologically risky.
Soil heavy metal pollution has become one of serious environmental problems in the global scope, and the heavy metal content of the soil is gradually accumulated due to industrialization, pesticide use, waste treatment and other reasons. Soil heavy metal pollution poses a potential threat to ecosystems and human health, so effective soil heavy metal detection measures need to be taken to discover the soil heavy metal pollution problem in time.
Currently, soil heavy metal detection is generally implemented based on a DGT device (sediment sampling device), and the conventional DGT device is composed of an open bottom and a collection layer with a resin film. When the DGT device is in contact with an environmental medium, heavy metal ions diffuse into the resin binding membrane and are stably captured therein. However, because the heavy metal ions in the soil are unevenly distributed, the traditional DGT device only depends on the contact with an environmental medium to sample the soil at a single position or depth, and the inaccurate detection result caused by the single sampling position is easy to cause; meanwhile, the subsequent monitoring of the binding membrane is only stopped on the judgment of the type and the concentration measurement of the heavy metal, and the soil restoration time cannot be predicted based on the data.
Therefore, how to sample heavy metal ion samples of a plurality of soil samples simultaneously, improve the accuracy of soil heavy metal pollution detection, and simultaneously realize the prediction of the recovery time of heavy metal polluted soil is a current problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a dynamic detection device and a method for soil heavy metal restoration. The following technical scheme is adopted:
the dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal restoration comprises a DGT device, an atomic absorption spectrometer and an intelligent controller based on a microcomputer;
the DGT device comprises a multi-layer soil collecting assembly, a drill bit and a plurality of combined film treatment devices, wherein accommodating chambers are arranged in the multi-layer soil collecting assembly, and the multi-layer soil collecting assembly is used for collecting soil to be detected with different depths and conveying the soil to the accommodating chambers;
the multi-layer soil collecting assembly comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a drill bit which are vertically stacked from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder are respectively divided to form three accommodating chambers, the outer walls of the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder are respectively provided with first open windows, the inner walls of the accommodating chambers are respectively provided with second open windows, the accommodating chamber shells of the accommodating chambers are provided with a plurality of scrapers, the directions of the edges of the plurality of scrapers are the same and extend outwards, the plurality of scrapers are fixedly arranged on the first open windows of the accommodating chamber shells and used for scraping soil to be detected, the accommodating chambers are filled with the drill bit, and the drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the multi-layer soil collecting assembly and used for drilling the soil to be detected;
The combined film treatment device is arranged in the accommodating cavity and used for bearing the combined film and conveying the combined film into the accommodating cavity to be contacted with soil to be detected;
the atomic absorption spectrometer detects the mixed solution of the binding film and the HF-HNO3 after treatment to realize the detection of the heavy metal concentration of the soil to be detected;
the intelligent controller is in communication connection with a data output port of the atomic absorption spectrometer, acquires detection data of the atomic absorption spectrometer, analyzes the detection data based on the environmental soil physical model, simulates and adopts a soil chemical passivation restoration method to restore soil, and outputs time length data required by the soil restoration.
By adopting the technical scheme, the structure of the traditional DGT device consisting of an open bottom and a collecting layer with a resin film is changed particularly in the use process.
The design thought of three cylinders from top to bottom is adopted, the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder are respectively divided to form three accommodating chambers, the drill bit is arranged at the bottommost part, the three accommodating chambers are used for collecting soil samples, a plurality of scrapers are arranged on the outer shell of each accommodating chamber, a sampling platform can be adopted to butt joint a soil heavy metal repairing dynamic detection device in the soil sample collecting process, a motor and other power devices on the sampling platform drive the soil heavy metal repairing dynamic detection device to rotate, the drill bit can downwards drill due to gravity, the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder are driven to a set sampling depth, and meanwhile, due to rotation of the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder, scrapers are arranged on the drill bit to rotate so as to scrape the soil samples into the accommodating chambers;
The first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder rotate simultaneously, so that soil samples at three positions with different depths can be collected, and fine adjustment of the collection depth can be realized by adjusting the position of the scraper in the vertical direction; the technical problem that the detection result is inaccurate due to the design thought that the traditional DGT device adopts soil with a single position or depth for sampling is solved;
the combined film treatment device is used for bearing the combined film and sending the combined film into each accommodating cavity to be fully contacted with soil to be detected;
the atomic absorption spectrometer detects the heavy metal concentration of the soil to be detected by the treated mixed solution of the combined film and the HF-HNO3, data of the heavy metal type and the concentration in the soil to be detected are obtained, the data are transmitted to the intelligent controller based on the microcomputer, the intelligent controller can simulate a conventional soil chemical passivation restoration method in the field of soil restoration to restore the soil, and predicted restoration time data can be output through simulation.
Optionally, the combined film processing device comprises a central rotating rod, an adjustable telescopic component and a plurality of DGT monitoring modules, wherein the central rotating rod is connected with one side of the adjustable telescopic component, and the DGT monitoring modules are fixedly connected with the other side of the adjustable telescopic component;
The adjustable telescopic assembly comprises an adjustable telescopic rod, a telescopic spring and a telescopic supporting piece, wherein two ends of the adjustable telescopic rod are respectively connected with the telescopic supporting piece and the central rotating rod, and the telescopic spring is arranged at the middle section of the adjustable telescopic rod and is used for telescopic operation and buffering and adjusting displacement;
the center of three accommodating chambers is provided with an integrally-through passage hole, the center rotary rod is arranged at the passage hole and used for adjusting the adjustable telescopic assembly to stretch, and a plurality of DGT monitoring modules are respectively stretched into second windowing openings formed in the inner walls of the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder.
Optionally, the combined film processing device further comprises a rotatable monitoring module bearing plate, wherein the plurality of DGT monitoring modules are respectively fixed on the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate, and the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate is connected with an adjustable telescopic assembly and is used for bearing the plurality of DGT monitoring modules and adjusting the rotation angles of the plurality of DGT monitoring modules;
the DGT monitoring module further comprises a monitoring module base, a bonding membrane, a monitoring module sleeve, a filter membrane and a monitoring module top cover;
the monitoring module base comprises a combining film bearing boss, a plurality of monitoring module fixing blocks and a monitoring module fixing sleeve rope, wherein the combining film bearing boss is used for bearing the combining film, the plurality of monitoring module fixing blocks are respectively arranged around the monitoring module base, the monitoring module fixing sleeve rope is sleeved on the monitoring module fixing blocks, a top cover of the monitoring module is provided with a top cover consolidation convex block, and the positions of the monitoring module fixing blocks and the top cover consolidation convex block are in one-to-one correspondence;
The monitoring module sleeve is provided with a hollow sleeve through hole, the combining film bearing boss can extend into the sleeve through hole and form a containing groove of the diffusion film with the sleeve chute, the containing groove is in pressure connection with the monitoring module top cover with the filter film, and the other side of the monitoring module top cover is a sample containing cavity with a hollow structure.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate corresponding to one openable or closable telescopic support piece is provided with three DGT monitoring modules, the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate rotates by 90 degrees, the two DGT monitoring modules and the other DGT monitoring module are spaced and vertically juxtaposed, and the openable or closable telescopic support piece stretches the three DGT monitoring modules into a plurality of second windows on the inner wall of the accommodating chamber through the adjustable telescopic rod and the telescopic spring;
the telescopic support piece which can be opened or closed is linked with the central rotating rod through the adjustable telescopic rods and the telescopic springs, the telescopic springs are sleeved on the two adjustable telescopic rods, the telescopic support piece is opened or closed through the rotating central rotating rod, the displacement is carried out, the three DGT monitoring modules extend into the second opening window of the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, and therefore the full contact between the combined membrane arranged on the DGT monitoring modules and soil to be detected is achieved.
Optionally, the device further comprises an ultrasonic module, wherein the ultrasonic module is arranged on the second opening window and is used for carrying out pretreatment on soil to be tested entering the accommodating cavity.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, all be provided with on the chamber inner wall that holds of three chamber that holds and monitor and draw region A, this region is to setting up ultrasonic module, and ultrasonic module can carry out pretreatment to the soil that awaits measuring in the second windowing for each heavy metal form of soil that awaits measuring fully disperses, is favorable to improving DGT monitoring module monitoring and draws the precision.
Optionally, the top of acceping the cavity is provided with a plurality of fixed columns, and adjustable flexible subassembly is provided with a plurality of lugs, and a plurality of lugs equidistance respectively distribute on adjustable flexible subassembly, overlap respectively on a plurality of fixed columns and be equipped with fixed lasso.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the top of three chamber of acceping is provided with a plurality of fixed columns respectively, a plurality of fixed column cover is equipped with fixed noose, and adjustable telescopic link equidistance distributes has a plurality of lugs, and telescopic support piece opens or is closed, and the displacement makes three DGT monitoring module stretch into after a plurality of second windows of acceping the chamber inner wall, establishes fixed noose on a certain lug of adjustable telescopic link equidistance distribution, and then fixes the DGT monitoring module that has stretched into in the chamber of acceping.
Optionally, the intelligent controller comprises a microcomputer, a memory, a display and a data interface and a data input module, wherein the memory, the display and the data interface are respectively in communication connection with the microcomputer, the microcomputer is in communication connection with a data output port of the atomic absorption spectrometer, detection data of the atomic absorption spectrometer are collected, the detection data comprise heavy metal types and concentrations of soil to be detected, and a distribution area of the soil to be detected and the depth of the soil to be detected are input through the data input module;
the microcomputer architecture environment soil physical model is used for determining soil restoration time based on the heavy metal concentration of the soil to be detected in the DGT monitoring modules, the input side of the environment soil physical model comprises the heavy metal type and concentration of the soil to be detected, the distribution area of the soil to be detected and the depth of the soil to be detected, and the environment soil physical model outputs the predicted restoration time of the soil to be detected.
By adopting the technical scheme, the microcomputer architecture environment soil physical model is used for restoring and predicting the environment soil physical model based on a common soil chemical passivation restoring method in the field of soil restoration, and the method is characterized in that passivation materials are added into polluted soil to change the chemical form and occurrence state of heavy metal pollution in the soil, so that the bioavailability and migration of the heavy metal are reduced, and the method is also called an in-situ fixing technology or an in-situ stabilizing technology. The passivation repairing method can better meet the treatment requirements of the slightly and slightly heavy metal contaminated soil in terms of cost and time, and especially meets the repairing requirement of the heavy metal composite contaminated soil.
The heavy metal type and the corresponding concentration detected by the atomic absorption spectrometer can be used for simulating a soil chemical passivation restoration method, and finally outputting the time required by restoration of the heavy metal polluted soil, thereby providing reliable data reference for restoration of the soil.
A dynamic detection method for soil heavy metal restoration comprises the following steps:
s100, stacking cylinders with corresponding depths according to the distribution depth of heavy metal type soil to be detected, enabling a first windowing to correspond to the distribution area of the heavy metal type soil layer to be detected, drilling the soil heavy metal restoration dynamic detection device into the soil to be detected, rotating along the extending direction of the edge of a scraper, scraping the soil to be detected, and filling the accommodating cavity;
carrying out ultrasonic wave front treatment on the soil to be detected for-120 min by using an ultrasonic module;
before the pretreatment operation, the central rotating rod and the adjustable telescopic component are taken out;
s200, dropwise adding diffusion membrane liquid into the DGT monitoring module, and forming a combined membrane/diffusion membrane/filter membrane gradient diffusion membrane after solidification;
according to the heavy metal restoration mode and the heavy metal pollution mode, the rotation direction of the DGT monitoring module is adjusted;
s0, after the pretreatment operation of the soil to be tested is finished, installing a center rotary rod and an adjustable telescopic assembly into the cylinder, rotating the center rotary rod, driving the adjustable telescopic assembly, and extending the DGT monitoring module into the second window;
Rotating again along the extending direction of the scraper, scraping the soil to be detected, filling the accommodating cavity, extruding the soil and filling the DGT monitoring module;
s0, after 24 hours, monitoring and extracting, taking out the DGT monitoring module, disassembling the DGT monitoring module, peeling off the combined film, freezing the combined film at low temperature, cutting the combined film according to the required size after water crystallization, dissolving the cut combined film in 10-50mL of 0.5mol/L HF-HNO3 mixed solution, centrifuging the combined film in a centrifuge for 45 minutes at the rotating speed of 0-600 r/min, and feeding the centrifuged solution into an atomic absorption spectrometer for trace detection to obtain the heavy metal concentration of soil to be detected in the DGT monitoring module;
s500: the atomic absorption spectrometer transmits heavy metal concentration data of the soil to be detected to the intelligent controller, a data entry module is used for entering a distribution area of the soil to be detected and the depth of the soil to be detected, an environmental soil physical model is based on the data, the soil is simulated to be repaired by adopting a soil chemical passivation repair method, and time length data required by the soil repair is predicted and displayed through a display.
Optionally, the heavy metal species detected by the atomic absorption spectrometer include Zn, cd, co, ni, cu, al, pb, cr, mn, fe, as and Hg heavy metals.
Alternatively, the bonding film is a Chelex-100 or ZrO-Chelex composite film.
Optionally, the diffusion membrane is a gel formed in at least one of an agarose solution and a polyacrylamide solution.
By adopting the technical scheme, the atomic absorption spectrometer is used for detecting heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be detected, which is collected by the DGT monitoring module. The functions mainly comprise the following aspects: ion measurement: AAS is capable of providing ion measurement capability with high sensitivity and selectivity. By using a specific light source (typically a monochromatic hollow cathode lamp), AAS can measure the concentration of specific heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be measured. When ions in a sample to be measured pass through the light beam, light of a specific wavelength is absorbed, and the concentration of the ions can be determined according to the change of the intensity of the absorption. Correction and quantification: AAS usually uses standard curve methods for calibration and quantification of the measurement results. Prior to the assay, a series of standard solutions of known concentrations were prepared and separately measured using AAS to construct a standard curve. Then, heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be measured are dissolved and diluted, and the concentration of the corresponding ions in the soil sample can be determined according to the absorbance of the heavy metal ions on a standard curve. Multi-element analysis: AAS has multi-element analysis capability, and can measure various heavy metal ions simultaneously. Through changing different hollow cathode lamps, AAS can select the specific wavelength of detecting different elements to realize the simultaneous detection to multiple heavy metal ions. Quick and accurate: AAS has the characteristics of high analysis speed and accuracy. The method can complete the analysis of the sample in a short time and provide an accurate measurement result, so that the rapid evaluation of the content of the heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be detected is possible, and the atomic absorption spectrometer has the function of measuring and quantitatively analyzing the concentration of the heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be detected in the DGT monitoring module so as to evaluate and monitor the heavy metal pollution degree; and provides important data for the subsequent environmental soil physical model.
The environmental soil physical model, hydrous, is environmental soil physical simulation software, and is a powerful tool for simulating the aspects of water flow, solute (pollutant and the like) migration, root system water absorption, solute absorption, heat transmission and the like of one-dimensional and multidimensional saturated porous media. The model has flexible and convenient graphic operation interface, is highly appreciated by various scholars, and is widely applied to the fields of environment, hydrogeology, agriculture, water conservancy and the like.
The heavy metal pollution type and concentration are simulated and set through the HYDRUS, the soil is simulated and repaired by adopting a soil chemical passivation repair method, and the output of a simulation structure is efficient and feasible, and the time required for repairing the heavy metal polluted soil can be predicted by simulating and outputting the change curve graphs of the heavy metal at different repair times and finally obtaining the time required for repairing the heavy metal polluted soil to a normal value.
In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention can provide a dynamic detection device and method for soil heavy metal restoration, change the structural design thought that the traditional DGT device is composed of an open bottom and a collecting layer with a resin film, the DGT device adopts a structure that three cylinders which are arranged from top to bottom are respectively provided with a plurality of scrapers, and is matched with the internal accommodating cavity and the connection structure design with the DGT monitoring module, so as to realize the simultaneous collection of multiple soil samples with different depths, and avoid the uncertainty caused by the detection of the soil samples at a single position;
According to the dynamic detection method for restoring the soil heavy metal, provided by the invention, the binding films are acted on the basis of the soil samples with different depths, which are collected by the dynamic detection device for restoring the soil heavy metal, trace detection is carried out on the binding film mixed solution after dissolution treatment on the basis of the atomic absorption spectrometer to obtain the heavy metal concentration data of the soil to be detected, the detection speed is high, the accuracy is high, and the detection data are subjected to simulation analysis, so that the prediction of the soil restoration time based on the soil chemical passivation restoration method can be realized, and reliable prediction data are provided for the follow-up soil treatment restoration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation, according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper cylinder structure of the dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lower drill bit of the dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the DGT monitoring module of the dynamic detection device for restoring the heavy metals in the soil;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring state of the DGT monitoring module of the dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of an electric device of the dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the variation of lead concentration in different treatment modes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a dynamic detection method for soil heavy metal remediation.
Reference numerals illustrate: 100. a DGT device; 100a, a first cylinder; 100b, a second cylinder; 100c, a third cylinder; 100d, a drill bit; 101. an accommodating chamber; 101a, a housing chamber housing; 101b, an inner wall of the accommodating chamber; 102. a telescoping support; 103. a center rotating rod; 104. fixing the column; 104a, fixing the sleeve rope; 104b, bumps; 105. an adjustable telescopic rod; 106. a telescopic spring; 107. a scraper; 108a, a base fixing bump; 108b, a base fixing groove; 109. a drill; 110. an ultrasonic module; 111. the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate; 20. a DGT monitoring module; 201. a monitoring module base; 201a, a bonding film receiving boss; 201b, a monitoring module fixing block; 201c, fixing a sleeve rope by a monitoring module; 202. a bonding film; 203. monitoring a module sleeve; 203a, sleeve through holes; 203b, sleeve chute; 204. a filter membrane; 205. monitoring a module top cover; 205a, sample-receiving cavity; 205b, the top cover is fixedly connected with the protruding block; A. monitoring the extraction area; 30. an atomic absorption spectrometer; 40. an intelligent controller; 401. a microcomputer; 402. a memory; 403. a display; 404. a data interface; 405. and a data entry module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a dynamic detection device and a method for soil heavy metal remediation.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation comprises a DGT device 100, an atomic absorption spectrometer 30 and a microcomputer-based intelligent controller 40;
the DGT device 100 comprises a multi-layer soil collecting assembly, a drill bit 100d and a plurality of combined film treatment devices, wherein a containing cavity 101 is arranged in the multi-layer soil collecting assembly, and the multi-layer soil collecting assembly is used for collecting soil to be detected with different depths and conveying the soil to be detected into the containing cavity 101;
the multi-layer soil collecting assembly comprises a first cylinder 100a, a second cylinder 100b, a third cylinder 100c and a drill bit 100d which are vertically stacked in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first cylinder 100a, the second cylinder 100b and the third cylinder 100c are respectively divided to form three accommodating chambers 101, the outer walls of the first cylinder 100a, the second cylinder 100b and the third cylinder 100c are respectively provided with first open windows, the inner walls of the accommodating chambers 101 are respectively provided with second open windows, an accommodating chamber shell 101a of each accommodating chamber 101 is provided with a plurality of scrapers 107, the directions of the edges of the plurality of scrapers 107 are the same and extend outwards, the plurality of scrapers 107 are fixedly arranged on the first open windows of the accommodating chamber shell 101a and are used for scraping soil to be detected, the accommodating chambers 101 are filled, and the drill bit 100d is arranged at the bottom of the multi-layer soil collecting assembly and is used for drilling soil to be detected;
The combined film treatment device is arranged in the accommodating chamber 101 and is used for bearing the combined film 202 and conveying the combined film 202 into the accommodating chamber 101 to be contacted with soil to be detected;
the atomic absorption spectrometer 30 detects the mixed solution of the binding film 202 and the HF-HNO3 after the treatment to realize the detection of the heavy metal concentration of the soil to be detected;
the intelligent controller 40 is used for constructing an environment soil physical model, the intelligent controller 40 is in communication connection with a data output port of the atomic absorption spectrometer 30, detection data of the atomic absorption spectrometer 30 are collected, the detection data are analyzed based on the environment soil physical model, the soil is simulated to be restored by adopting a soil chemical passivation restoration method, and the soil restoration duration data are output.
In particular, during use, the structure of the conventional DGT device consisting of an open bottom and a collection layer with a resin film is changed.
The design thought of three cylinders from top to bottom is adopted, the first cylinder 100a, the second cylinder 100b and the third cylinder 100c are respectively divided to form three accommodating chambers 101, the drill bit 100d is arranged at the bottom, the three accommodating chambers 101 are responsible for collecting soil samples, each accommodating chamber housing 101a is provided with a plurality of scrapers 107, a sampling platform can be adopted to butt joint a soil heavy metal remediation dynamic detection device in the soil sample collecting process, a motor and other power devices on the sampling platform drive the soil heavy metal remediation dynamic detection device to rotate, the drill bit 100d can drill downwards due to gravity, the first cylinder 100a, the second cylinder 100b and the third cylinder 100c are driven to a set sampling depth, and meanwhile, the scrapers 107 are driven to rotate to scrape the soil samples into the accommodating chambers 101 due to the rotation of the first cylinder 100a, the second cylinder 100b and the third cylinder 100 c;
The first cylinder 100a, the second cylinder 100b and the third cylinder 100c rotate simultaneously, so that soil samples at three positions with different depths can be collected, and fine adjustment of the collection depth can be realized by adjusting the position of the scraper 107 in the vertical direction; the technical problem that the detection result is inaccurate due to the design thought that the traditional DGT device adopts soil with a single position or depth for sampling is solved;
the combined film treatment device is used for bearing the combined film 202 and sending the combined film 202 into each accommodating chamber 101 to be fully contacted with soil to be detected;
the atomic absorption spectrometer 30 detects the concentration of heavy metals in the soil to be detected for the processed mixed solution of the combined film 202 and the HF-HNO3, obtains data of the types and the concentrations of the heavy metals in the soil to be detected, transmits the data to the intelligent controller 40 based on a microcomputer, and the intelligent controller 40 can simulate a conventional soil chemical passivation restoration method in the field of soil restoration to restore the soil and can output predicted restoration time data through simulation.
The combined film treatment device comprises a central rotating rod 103, an adjustable telescopic component and a plurality of DGT monitoring modules 20, wherein the central rotating rod 103 is connected with one side of the adjustable telescopic component, and the DGT monitoring modules 20 are fixedly connected with the other side of the adjustable telescopic component;
The adjustable telescopic assembly comprises an adjustable telescopic rod 105, a telescopic spring 106 and a telescopic support piece 102, wherein two ends of the adjustable telescopic rod 105 are respectively connected with the telescopic support piece 102 and the central rotating rod 103, and the telescopic spring 106 is arranged at the middle section of the adjustable telescopic rod 105 and is used for telescopic operation and buffering and adjusting displacement;
the center of the three accommodating chambers 101 is provided with an integrally-through passage hole, the center rotary rod 103 is arranged at the passage hole and used for adjusting the adjustable telescopic assembly to stretch, and the DGT monitoring modules 20 are respectively stretched into second windows formed in the inner walls of the first cylinder 100a, the second cylinder 100b and the third cylinder 100 c.
The combined film treatment device further comprises a rotatable monitoring module bearing plate 111, wherein a plurality of DGT monitoring modules 20 are respectively fixed on the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate 111, and the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate 111 is connected with an adjustable telescopic assembly and is used for bearing the plurality of DGT monitoring modules and adjusting the rotation angles of the plurality of DGT monitoring modules 20;
the DGT monitoring module 20 further comprises a monitoring module base 201, a binding membrane 202, a monitoring module sleeve 203, a filter membrane 204 and a monitoring module top cover 205;
the monitoring module base 201 comprises a combining film bearing boss 201a, a plurality of monitoring module fixing blocks 201b and a monitoring module fixing sleeve rope 201c, the combining film bearing boss 201a is used for bearing the combining film 202, the plurality of monitoring module fixing blocks 201b are respectively arranged on the periphery of the monitoring module base 201, the monitoring module fixing sleeve rope 201c is sleeved on the monitoring module fixing blocks 201b, a top cover of the monitoring module 205 is provided with a top cover fixing lug 205b, and the positions of the monitoring module fixing blocks 201b and the top cover fixing lug 205b are in one-to-one correspondence;
The monitoring module sleeve 203 is provided with a hollow sleeve through hole 203a, the combined membrane receiving boss 201a can extend into the sleeve through hole 203a and form a containing groove of a diffusion membrane with the sleeve chute 203b, the containing groove is in pressure connection with the monitoring module top cover 205 with the filter membrane 204, and the other side of the monitoring module top cover 205 is a sample containing cavity 205a with a hollow structure.
The rotatable monitoring module bearing plate 111 corresponding to one openable or closable telescopic support 102 carries three DGT monitoring modules 20, the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate 111 rotates by 90 degrees, two DGT monitoring modules 20 are spaced from the other DGT monitoring module 20 and are vertically juxtaposed with each other, and the openable or closable telescopic support 102 stretches the three DGT monitoring modules 20 into a plurality of second windows of the inner wall 101b of the accommodating chamber through the adjustable telescopic rods 105 and the telescopic springs 106;
the telescopic support piece 102 which can be opened or closed is linked with the central rotating rod 103 through the adjustable telescopic rods 105 and the telescopic springs 106, the telescopic springs 106 are sleeved on the two adjustable telescopic rods 105, the telescopic support piece 102 is opened or closed through rotating the central rotating rod 103, and the three DGT monitoring modules 20 extend into the second window of the inner wall 101b of the accommodating chamber through displacement, so that the combined film 202 arranged on the DGT monitoring modules 20 is fully contacted with soil to be detected.
The device further comprises an ultrasonic module 110, wherein the ultrasonic module 110 is arranged on the second opening window and is used for preprocessing soil to be tested entering the accommodating chamber 101.
The inner walls 101b of the accommodating chambers 101 of the three accommodating chambers 101 are provided with the monitoring and extracting areas A, and the areas are provided with the ultrasonic modules 110, and the ultrasonic modules 110 can perform pretreatment on the soil to be detected in the second open window, so that the heavy metal forms of the soil to be detected are fully dispersed, and the monitoring and extracting precision of the DGT monitoring module 20 is improved.
The top of the accommodating chamber 101 is provided with a plurality of fixed columns 104, the adjustable telescopic component is provided with a plurality of convex blocks 104b, the convex blocks 104b are respectively equidistantly distributed on the adjustable telescopic component, and the fixed columns 104 are respectively sleeved with a fixed sleeve rope 104a.
The top of three accommodating chambers 101 is respectively provided with a plurality of fixed columns 104, a plurality of fixed columns 104 are sleeved with fixed sleeve ropes 104a, a plurality of protruding blocks 104b are distributed on the adjustable telescopic rods 105 at equal intervals, the telescopic support piece 102 is opened or closed, and after displacement enables the three DGT monitoring modules 20 to extend into a plurality of second windows of the inner walls 101b of the accommodating chambers, the fixed sleeve ropes 104a are sleeved on one protruding block 104b distributed on the adjustable telescopic rods 105 at equal intervals, so that the DGT monitoring modules 20 extending into the accommodating chambers 101 are fixed.
The intelligent controller 40 comprises a microcomputer 401, a memory 402, a display 403 and a data interface 404 and a data input module 405, wherein the memory 402, the display 403 and the data interface 404 and the data input module 405 are respectively in communication connection with the microcomputer 401, the microcomputer 401 is in communication connection with a data output port of the atomic absorption spectrometer 30, detection data of the atomic absorption spectrometer 30 are collected, the detection data comprise heavy metal types and concentrations of soil to be detected, and a distribution area of the soil to be detected and the depth of the soil to be detected are input through the data input module 405;
the microcomputer 401 is configured to construct an environmental soil physical model, the environmental soil physical model is used for determining soil restoration time based on heavy metal concentrations of soil to be detected in the plurality of DGT monitoring modules, and an input side of the environmental soil physical model comprises heavy metal types and concentrations of the soil to be detected, a distribution area of the soil to be detected and depth of the soil to be detected, and the environmental soil physical model outputs predicted restoration time of the soil to be detected.
The microcomputer 401 is used for constructing an environmental soil physical model, and the restoration prediction of the environmental soil physical model is based on a common soil chemical passivation restoration method in the field of soil restoration, and the method is specifically characterized in that passivation materials are added into polluted soil to change the chemical form and occurrence state of heavy metal pollution in the soil, so that the bioavailability and migration of the heavy metal are reduced, and the method is also called an in-situ fixing technology or an in-situ stabilization technology. The passivation repairing method can better meet the treatment requirements of the slightly and slightly heavy metal contaminated soil in terms of cost and time, and especially meets the repairing requirement of the heavy metal composite contaminated soil.
The heavy metal species and the corresponding concentration detected by the atomic absorption spectrometer 30 can be used for simulating a soil chemical passivation restoration method, and finally, the time required for restoring the heavy metal contaminated soil is output, so that reliable data reference is provided for restoring the soil.
A dynamic detection method for soil heavy metal restoration comprises the following steps:
s100, stacking cylinders with corresponding depths according to the distribution depth of heavy metal type soil to be detected, enabling a first windowing to correspond to the distribution area of the heavy metal type soil layer to be detected, drilling the soil heavy metal restoration dynamic detection device into the soil to be detected, rotating along the extending direction of the edge of the scraper 107, scraping the soil to be detected, and filling the accommodating cavity 101;
performing ultrasonic wave front treatment on the soil to be detected for 30-120min by using an ultrasonic module 110;
before the pretreatment operation, the central rotating rod 103 and the adjustable telescopic component are taken out;
s200, dropwise adding diffusion membrane liquid into the DGT monitoring module 20, and forming a combined membrane/diffusion membrane/filter membrane gradient diffusion membrane after solidification;
according to the heavy metal restoration mode and the heavy metal pollution mode, the rotation direction of the DGT monitoring module 20 is adjusted;
s300, after the soil pretreatment operation to be tested is finished, installing the center rotary rod 103 and the adjustable telescopic component into a cylinder, rotating the center rotary rod 103, driving the adjustable telescopic component, and extending the DGT monitoring module 20 into the second window;
Rotating again along the extending direction of the edge of the scraper 107, scraping the soil to be detected and filling the accommodating cavity, squeezing the soil and filling the DGT monitoring module 20;
s400, after 24 hours of monitoring and extraction, taking out the DGT monitoring module 20, disassembling the DGT monitoring module 20, peeling off the bonding film 202, freezing the bonding film 202 at a low temperature, cutting the bonding film 202 with a blade according to the required size after water crystallization, dissolving the cut bonding film 202 in 10-50mL of 0.5mol/L HF-HNO3 mixed solution, centrifuging the mixture for 30-45 minutes by a centrifuge at the rotating speed of 300-600 revolutions/min, and feeding the centrifuged solution into an atomic absorption spectrometer 30 for trace detection to obtain the heavy metal concentration of soil to be detected in the DGT monitoring module 20;
s500: the atomic absorption spectrometer 30 transmits heavy metal concentration data of the soil to be measured to the intelligent controller 40, the distribution area of the soil to be measured and the depth of the soil to be measured are input through the data input module 405, the environmental soil physical model is based on the data, the soil is simulated to be repaired by adopting a soil chemical passivation repair method, and the time length data required by the soil repair is predicted and displayed through the display 403.
The heavy metal species detected by the atomic absorption spectrometer 30 include Zn, cd, co, ni, cu, al, pb, cr, mn, fe, as and Hg heavy metals.
The bonding film 202 is a Chelex-100 or ZrO-Chelex composite film.
The diffusion membrane is a gel formed in at least one of an agarose solution and a polyacrylamide solution.
The atomic absorption spectrometer 30 is used for detecting heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be detected, which is collected by the DGT monitoring module. The functions mainly comprise the following aspects: ion measurement: AAS is capable of providing ion measurement capability with high sensitivity and selectivity. By using a specific light source (typically a monochromatic hollow cathode lamp), AAS can measure the concentration of specific heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be measured. When ions in a sample to be measured pass through the light beam, light of a specific wavelength is absorbed, and the concentration of the ions can be determined according to the change of the intensity of the absorption. Correction and quantification: AAS usually uses standard curve methods for calibration and quantification of the measurement results. Prior to the assay, a series of standard solutions of known concentrations were prepared and separately measured using AAS to construct a standard curve. Then, heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be measured are dissolved and diluted, and the concentration of the corresponding ions in the soil sample can be determined according to the absorbance of the heavy metal ions on a standard curve. Multi-element analysis: AAS has multi-element analysis capability, and can measure various heavy metal ions simultaneously. Through changing different hollow cathode lamps, AAS can select the specific wavelength of detecting different elements to realize the simultaneous detection to multiple heavy metal ions. Quick and accurate: AAS has the characteristics of high analysis speed and accuracy. The method can complete the analysis of the sample in a short time and provide an accurate measurement result, so that the rapid assessment of the content of heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be detected is possible, and the atomic absorption spectrometer 30 plays a role in the DGT monitoring module 20 in measuring and quantitatively analyzing the concentration of the heavy metal ions in the soil sample to be detected so as to assess and monitor the heavy metal pollution degree; and provides important data for the subsequent environmental soil physical model.
The environmental soil physical model, hydrous, is environmental soil physical simulation software, and is a powerful tool for simulating the aspects of water flow, solute (pollutant and the like) migration, root system water absorption, solute absorption, heat transmission and the like of one-dimensional and multidimensional saturated porous media. The model has flexible and convenient graphic operation interface, is highly appreciated by various scholars, and is widely applied to the fields of environment, hydrogeology, agriculture, water conservancy and the like.
The heavy metal pollution type and concentration are simulated and set through the HYDRUS, the soil is simulated and repaired by adopting a soil chemical passivation repair method, and the output of a simulation structure is efficient and feasible, and the time required for repairing the heavy metal polluted soil can be predicted by simulating and outputting the change curve graphs of the heavy metal at different repair times and finally obtaining the time required for repairing the heavy metal polluted soil to a normal value.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a dynamic detection device and a method for soil heavy metal restoration, which are implemented according to the following principles:
the method comprises the steps that heavy metal pollution of soil occurs in a certain place, the suspected heavy metal lead Pb of the heavy metal pollutant is judged to be shallow pollution, the depth is not more than 50cm, a soil heavy metal restoration dynamic detection device is used for pollution detection and analysis, three layers of cylinders are stacked, a first windowing corresponds to a soil layer distribution area of heavy metal types to be detected, the soil heavy metal restoration dynamic detection device drills into the soil to be detected, rotates along the extending direction of a knife edge of a scraper 107, scrapes the soil to be detected and fills a containing cavity 101;
Performing ultrasonic wave front treatment on the soil to be tested for 50min by using an ultrasonic module 110;
before the pretreatment operation, the central rotating rod 103 and the adjustable telescopic component are taken out;
dropwise adding diffusion film liquid into the DGT monitoring module 20, and forming a combined film/diffusion film/filter film gradient diffusion film after solidification;
according to the heavy metal restoration mode and the heavy metal pollution mode, the rotation direction of the DGT monitoring module 20 is adjusted;
after the soil pretreatment operation to be tested is finished, the center rotary rod 103 and the adjustable telescopic component are installed into a cylinder, the center rotary rod 103 is rotated, the adjustable telescopic component is driven, and the DGT monitoring module 20 is extended into the second window;
rotating again along the extending direction of the edge of the scraper 107, scraping the soil to be detected and filling the accommodating cavity, squeezing the soil and filling the DGT monitoring module 20;
after 24 hours of monitoring and extraction, the DGT monitoring module 20 is taken out, the DGT monitoring module 20 is disassembled, the bonding film 202 is peeled off, the bonding film 202 is frozen at low temperature, after water crystallization, the bonding film 202 is cut by a blade according to the required size, and the cut bonding film 202 is dissolved in 50mLIn 0.5mol/L HF-HNO3 mixed solution, centrifuging for 45min at a rotating speed of 600 r/min by a centrifugal machine, feeding the centrifugal solution into an atomic absorption spectrometer 30 for trace detection to obtain the heavy metal concentration of the soil to be detected in the DGT monitoring module 20, wherein the detection result is that the pollution concentration of heavy metal Pb in the soil is 800mgkg -1 The atomic absorption spectrometer 30 transmits the heavy metal concentration data of the surface soil with the pollution range of 0-20cm to the intelligent controller 40, the distribution area of the soil to be detected and the depth of the soil to be detected are input through the data input module 405, the environmental soil physical model is based on the data, the soil is simulated to be repaired by adopting a soil chemical passivation repair method, and the time length data required by the soil repair is predicted and displayed through the display 403.
The physical model simulation of the environmental soil specifically simulates the restoration simulation (PT in the drawing) of the lead-polluted soil by adopting the passivation material of the apatite substrate, and the natural attenuation (OT in the drawing) of the non-treated polluted soil is compared with that shown in figure 8, so that the lead concentration in the lead-polluted soil is reduced to be close to 0 after 1200 hours, and the estimated soil restoration time is 1200 hours.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A soil heavy metal restores dynamic detection device which characterized in that: comprises a DGT device (100), an atomic absorption spectrometer (30) and an intelligent controller (40) based on a microcomputer;
The DGT device (100) comprises a multi-layer soil collecting assembly, a drill bit (100 d) and a plurality of combined film treatment devices, wherein an accommodating cavity (101) is formed in the multi-layer soil collecting assembly, and the multi-layer soil collecting assembly is used for collecting soil to be detected with different depths and conveying the soil to the accommodating cavity (101);
the multi-layer soil collecting assembly comprises a first cylinder (100 a), a second cylinder (100 b), a third cylinder (100 c) and a drill bit (100 d) which are vertically stacked from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the first cylinder (100 a), the second cylinder (100 b) and the third cylinder (100 c) are respectively divided to form three accommodating chambers (101), first open windows are respectively arranged on the outer walls, second open windows are respectively arranged on the inner walls, a plurality of scrapers (107) are arranged on an accommodating chamber shell (101 a) of the accommodating chamber (101), the directions of the edges of the plurality of scrapers (107) are the same, the scrapers (107) extend outwards, are fixedly arranged on the first open windows of the accommodating chamber shell (101 a) and are used for scraping soil to be detected, and are filled in the accommodating chambers (101), and the drill bit (100 d) is arranged at the bottom of the multi-layer soil collecting assembly and is used for drilling soil to be detected;
the combined film treatment device is arranged in the accommodating chamber (101) and is used for bearing the combined film (202) and conveying the combined film (202) into the accommodating chamber (101) to be contacted with soil to be detected; the combined film treatment device comprises a central rotating rod (103), an adjustable telescopic component and a plurality of DGT monitoring modules (20), wherein the central rotating rod (103) is connected with one side of the adjustable telescopic component, and the DGT monitoring modules (20) are fixedly connected with the other side of the adjustable telescopic component; the adjustable telescopic assembly comprises an adjustable telescopic rod (105), a telescopic spring (106) and a telescopic supporting piece (102), wherein two ends of the adjustable telescopic rod (105) are respectively connected with the telescopic supporting piece (102) and a central rotating rod (103), and the telescopic spring (106) is arranged at the middle section of the adjustable telescopic rod (105) and used for telescopic operation and buffering and adjusting displacement; the center of the three accommodating chambers (101) is provided with an integrally-through passage hole, the center rotary rod (103) is arranged at the passage hole and used for adjusting the adjustable telescopic assembly to stretch, and a plurality of DGT monitoring modules (20) are respectively stretched into second windowing formed in the inner walls of the first cylinder (100 a), the second cylinder (100 b) and the third cylinder (100 c);
The combined film treatment device further comprises a rotatable monitoring module bearing plate (111), wherein a plurality of DGT monitoring modules (20) are respectively fixed on the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate (111), and the rotatable monitoring module bearing plate (111) is connected with an adjustable telescopic component and is used for bearing a plurality of DGT monitoring modules and adjusting the rotation angles of the DGT monitoring modules (20);
the DGT monitoring module (20) further comprises a monitoring module base (201), a bonding membrane (202), a monitoring module sleeve (203), a filter membrane (204) and a monitoring module top cover (205); the monitoring module base (201) comprises a combining film bearing boss (201 a), a plurality of monitoring module fixing blocks (201 b) and a monitoring module fixing sleeve rope (201 c), the combining film bearing boss (201 a) is used for bearing a combining film (202), the plurality of monitoring module fixing blocks (201 b) are respectively arranged around the monitoring module base (201), the monitoring module fixing sleeve rope (201 c) is sleeved on the monitoring module fixing blocks (201 b), a top cover fixing lug (205 b) is arranged on a top cover (205) of the monitoring module, and the positions of the monitoring module fixing blocks (201 b) and the top cover fixing lug (205 b) are in one-to-one correspondence; the monitoring module sleeve (203) is provided with a hollow sleeve through hole (203 a), the combined film bearing boss (201 a) can extend into the sleeve through hole (203 a) and form a containing groove of a diffusion film with the sleeve chute (203 b), the containing groove is in pressure connection with the monitoring module top cover (205) with the filter film (204), and the other side of the monitoring module top cover (205) is a sample containing cavity (205 a) with a hollow structure;
The atomic absorption spectrometer (30) detects the mixed solution of the treated combined film (202) and the HF-HNO (3) to realize the detection of the concentration of heavy metals in the soil to be detected;
the intelligent controller (40) is used for constructing an environment soil physical model, the intelligent controller (40) is in communication connection with a data output port of the atomic absorption spectrometer (30), detecting data of the atomic absorption spectrometer (30) are collected, the detecting data are analyzed based on the environment soil physical model, a soil chemical passivation restoration method is simulated to restore soil, and time length data required by the soil restoration are output;
the intelligent controller (40) comprises a microcomputer (401), a memory (402), a display (403) and a data interface (404) and a data input module (405), wherein the memory (402), the display (403) and the data interface (404) and the data input module (405) are respectively in communication connection with the microcomputer (401), the microcomputer (401) is in communication connection with a data output port of the atomic absorption spectrometer (30), detection data of the atomic absorption spectrometer (30) are collected, the detection data comprise heavy metal types and concentration of soil to be detected, and the distribution area of the soil to be detected, the depth of the soil to be detected and the monitoring angle of the DGT monitoring module (20) are input through the data input module (405);
The microcomputer (401) is used for constructing an environment soil physical model, the environment soil physical model is used for determining soil restoration time based on the heavy metal concentration of the soil to be detected in the DGT monitoring modules, the input side of the environment soil physical model comprises the heavy metal type and concentration of the soil to be detected, the distribution area of the soil to be detected and the depth of the soil to be detected, and the environment soil physical model outputs the predicted restoration time of the soil to be detected.
2. The dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation according to claim 1, wherein: the device further comprises an ultrasonic module (110), wherein the ultrasonic module (110) is arranged on the second opening window and is used for preprocessing soil to be detected entering the accommodating cavity (101).
3. The dynamic detection device for soil heavy metal remediation according to claim 2, wherein: the top of accommodating cavity (101) is provided with a plurality of fixed columns (104), and adjustable flexible subassembly is provided with a plurality of lugs (104 b), and a plurality of lugs (104 b) equidistance respectively distribute on adjustable flexible subassembly, and the cover is equipped with fixed sleeve rope (104 a) on a plurality of fixed columns (104) respectively.
4. A dynamic detection method for soil heavy metal restoration is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for detecting the soil to be detected by adopting the dynamic detection device for restoring the soil heavy metal according to claim 3 comprises the following steps:
S100, stacking cylinders with corresponding depths according to the distribution depth of heavy metal type soil to be detected, enabling a first windowing to correspond to a distribution area of a heavy metal type soil layer to be detected, drilling the soil heavy metal restoration dynamic detection device into the soil to be detected, rotating along the extending direction of a knife edge of a scraper (107), scraping the soil to be detected and filling a containing cavity (101);
performing ultrasonic wave front treatment on the soil to be detected for 30-120min by using an ultrasonic module (110);
before the pretreatment operation, taking out the central rotating rod (103) and the adjustable telescopic component;
s200, dropwise adding diffusion membrane liquid into the DGT monitoring module (20), and forming a combined membrane/diffusion membrane/filter membrane gradient diffusion membrane after solidification;
according to the heavy metal restoration mode and the heavy metal pollution mode, the rotation direction of the DGT monitoring module (20) is adjusted;
s300, after the soil pretreatment operation to be tested is finished, installing a central rotating rod (103) and an adjustable telescopic component into a cylinder, rotating the central rotating rod (103), driving the adjustable telescopic component, and extending a DGT monitoring module (20) into a second window;
rotating again along the extending direction of the knife edge of the scraper (107), scraping the soil to be detected, filling the accommodating cavity, extruding the soil and filling the DGT monitoring module (20);
S400: after 24 hours later, monitoring and extracting, taking out the DGT monitoring module (20), disassembling the DGT monitoring module (20), stripping out the combined film (202), freezing the combined film (202) at a low temperature, cutting the combined film (202) with a blade according to the required size after water crystallization, dissolving the cut combined film (202) in 10-50mL of 0.5mol/L HF-HNO (3) mixed solution, centrifuging the mixed solution for 30-45 minutes by a centrifuge at the rotating speed of 300-600 revolutions/min, and feeding the centrifuged solution into an atomic absorption spectrometer (30) for trace detection to obtain the heavy metal concentration of soil to be detected in the DGT monitoring module (20);
s500: the atomic absorption spectrometer (30) transmits heavy metal concentration data of the soil to be detected to the intelligent controller (40), a data input module (405) is used for inputting a distribution area of the soil to be detected and the depth of the soil to be detected, an environmental soil physical model is used for simulating and adopting a soil chemical passivation restoration method to restore the soil based on the data, and time length data required by soil restoration is predicted and displayed through the display (403).
5. The dynamic detection method for soil heavy metal remediation according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heavy metal species detected by the atomic absorption spectrometer (30) include Zn, cd, co, ni, cu, al, pb, cr, mn, fe, as and Hg heavy metals.
6. The dynamic detection method for soil heavy metal remediation according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the bonding film (202) is a Chelex-100 or ZrO-Chelex composite film.
7. The dynamic detection method for soil heavy metal remediation according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diffusion membrane is a gel formed in at least one of an agarose solution and a polyacrylamide solution.
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