CN116593026A - Sensing system and sensing method for distributed optical fibers - Google Patents
Sensing system and sensing method for distributed optical fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN116593026A CN116593026A CN202310630177.9A CN202310630177A CN116593026A CN 116593026 A CN116593026 A CN 116593026A CN 202310630177 A CN202310630177 A CN 202310630177A CN 116593026 A CN116593026 A CN 116593026A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
- G01K15/007—Testing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensing system for distributing optical fibers, which comprises a control module, a sensing module, a measuring module, a signal transmission module, a signal processing module and a self-checking module, wherein the control module is used for controlling the whole sensing process of the optical fibers, the sensing module is used for collecting signals, the measuring module is used for measuring optical fiber sensing data, the signal transmission module is used for transmitting the signals collected by the optical fibers, the signal processing module is used for processing the signals, the self-checking module is used for detecting the bending and loss conditions of a detected object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a sensing system and a sensing method for distributed optical fibers.
Background
The distributed optical fiber sensor is a sensor for measuring or monitoring the spatial distribution and time-varying information along an optical fiber transmission path by adopting a unique distributed optical fiber detection technology, and the sensor is used for arranging sensing optical fibers along a field, so that the spatial distribution and time-varying information of a measured field can be obtained at the same time, and the distributed optical fiber sensor has a lot of attractive force for a lot of industrial applications, is mainly applied to temperature sensing, can be used for sensitively detecting the temperature variation, and has a wide temperature range;
however, in the currently used distributed optical fiber sensing system, the deformation of an external object to be measured causes the bending deformation of an internal distributed optical fiber, the loss of the optical fiber system in use is easily ignored by people, the error of optical fiber sensing is large, and the optical fiber sensing effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a distributed optical fiber sensing system and a sensing method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems that the existing distributed optical fiber sensing system is provided in the background technology, the deformation of an external measured object causes the bending deformation of an internal distributed optical fiber, the loss of the optical fiber system in use is easily ignored by people, the error of optical fiber sensing is large, and the optical fiber sensing effect is influenced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a sensing system for distributed optical fibers comprises a control module, a sensing module, a measuring module, a signal transmission module, a signal processing module and a self-checking module;
the control module is used for controlling the whole optical fiber sensing process, the sensing module is used for collecting signals, the measuring module is used for measuring optical fiber sensing data, the signal transmission module is used for transmitting the signals collected by the optical fibers, the signal processing module is used for processing the signals, and the self-checking module is used for detecting the bending and loss conditions of a detected object;
the self-checking module comprises a deformation detection unit and a loss detection unit;
the deformation detection unit compares the external deformation of the measured object, the loss detection unit detects the loss condition of the optical fiber, and the sensing quality of the optical fiber is determined.
According to the technical scheme, the deformation detection unit comprises an image acquisition device, wherein the image acquisition device shoots a position image detected by the optical fiber at the same angle, extracts an image contour, compares the image contour, and marks and prompts a deformation position;
the deformation mark in the image outline firstly marks the deformation range, the image is expressed by a plane rectangular coordinate system (xoy), and the sitting mark at the central position of the deformation range is A (x) 1 ，y 1 ) Then, two coordinates of the edge of the deformation range are respectively marked as B (x 2 ，y 2 ) And C (x) 3 ，y 3 ) The two points B and C extend to select a rectangular area for secondary comparison, and the two points B, C are two non-adjacent endpoints of the rectangular area;
and performing secondary comparison on the image contour of the selected rectangular region, and performing marking selection on the deformed contour lines.
According to the technical scheme, the loss detection unit detects the loss of the optical fiber, and the loss in optical fiber sensing comprises absorption loss, scattering loss and radiation loss;
according to the technical scheme, the loss of the optical fiber is represented by superposition of absorption loss, scattering loss and radiation loss and is represented by the power difference of the optical fiber;
and the loss detection unit calculates the loss power after processing the loss data.
According to the technical scheme, the signal processing module comprises a data classifying unit, a data selecting unit and a data processing unit;
the data classifying unit classifies data acquired by the system;
the data selection unit selects a time period in which data is required;
the data processing unit analyzes and processes the selected data.
According to the technical scheme, the data classifying unit classifies the data according to the types of the data, and then sorts the data of the same type according to the time sequence;
and after the data selection unit determines the time period, selecting all data in the time period.
According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring initial data of optical fiber sensing and recording;
s2, conducting the light source in a measured range through the optical fiber to generate sensing data;
s3, collecting optical fiber sensing data and transmitting the optical fiber sensing data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s4, collecting external image data of the measured object, and transmitting the external image data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s5, collecting power data sensed by the optical fibers and transmitting the power data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s6, comprehensively processing the data, and outputting the strain and temperature data of the measured object;
s7, comprehensively processing the data and outputting deformation data of the measured object;
s8, comprehensively processing the data and outputting loss data sensed by the optical fiber.
According to the above technical scheme, in S7, the deformation data of the object to be measured is processed, and a rectangular area to be analyzed is determined according to the deformation range, and the rectangular area is denoted as AA 'BB'.
According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps of analyzing the rectangular area:
x1, selecting images of the same area from other acquired images as references according to rectangular areas AA 'BB';
x2, comparing the image contours of the rectangular area AA 'BB' and the reference area to determine a superposition contour and a deformation contour;
and X3, marking the deformed outline.
According to the above technical scheme, in the X2, in the rectangular region, the center point of the rectangle is determined first, and the comparison of the image contours is performed from the center point to the outside.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the deformation detection unit is used for collecting an image outside the measured object, comparing the outline of the external image, when the outline deformation is found, establishing a coordinate system in the image, firstly looping a deformation range, then selecting two points to select a rectangular area as a research object, finally comparing the image of the rectangular area again to determine the deformation condition of the measured object, thereby being capable of determining the deformation, being convenient for prompting people, detecting the deformation position when the optical fiber sensing has errors, and being capable of reducing the generation of subsequent errors.
2. By detecting the power difference of the optical fiber sensing in the use of the optical fiber sensing, the loss of the optical fiber sensing is comprehensively calculated, so that the optical fiber loss condition can be known, the factors of the optical fiber loss can be considered in the detection value, and when the optical fiber is in error, the error cause can be timely known, and the use condition of the optical fiber sensing system can be more clearly known.
3. Sorting is performed on the optical fiber sensing data according to the type and time sequence, and when the optical fiber sensing data is analyzed, the time period is selected, so that the data is selected, the screening is more convenient, the data before and after the screening can be kept orderly, and the subsequent analysis and processing of the data are facilitated.
In summary, the deformation detection unit is used for comparing the external images of the detected object, detecting the deformation condition, and the loss detection unit is used for detecting and calculating the power difference of the optical fiber sensing, so that the deformation of the detected object and the loss of the optical fiber sensing can be found in time, error factors can be conveniently known, errors can be prevented in advance, the error condition is fully considered in the processing of the optical fiber sensing data, and the influence caused by the errors is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the fiber optic sensing system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the steps of the sensing method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a technical scheme, namely a sensing system for distributing optical fibers, which comprises a control module, a sensing module, a measuring module, a signal transmission module, a signal processing module and a self-checking module;
the control module controls the whole optical fiber sensing process, the sensing module acquires signals, the measuring module measures optical fiber sensing data, the signal transmission module transmits the signals acquired by the optical fibers, the signal processing module processes the signals, and the self-checking module detects the bending and loss conditions of the detected object;
the self-checking module comprises a deformation detection unit and a loss detection unit;
the deformation detection unit compares the external deformation of the measured object, the loss detection unit detects the loss condition of the optical fiber, and the sensing quality of the optical fiber is determined.
According to the technical scheme, the deformation detection unit comprises an image acquisition device, wherein the image acquisition device shoots a position image detected by the optical fiber at the same angle, extracts an image contour, compares the image contour, and marks and prompts a deformation position;
the deformation mark in the image outline firstly marks the deformation range, the image is expressed by a plane rectangular coordinate system (xoy), and the sitting mark at the central position of the deformation range is A (x) 1 ，y 1 ) Then, two coordinates of the edge of the deformation range are respectively marked as B (x 2 ，y 2 ) And C (x) 3 ，y 3 ) The two points B and C extend to select a rectangular area for secondary comparison, and the two points B, C are two non-adjacent endpoints of the rectangular area;
and performing secondary comparison on the image contour of the selected rectangular region, and performing marking selection on the deformed contour lines.
The deformation detection unit is used for collecting an image outside the measured object, comparing the outline of the external image, when the outline deformation is found, establishing a coordinate system in the image, firstly looping a deformation range, then selecting two points to select a rectangular area as a research object, finally comparing the image of the rectangular area again to determine the deformation condition of the measured object, thereby being capable of determining the deformation, being convenient for prompting people, detecting the deformation position when the optical fiber sensing has errors, and being capable of reducing the production of subsequent errors.
According to the technical scheme, the loss detection unit detects the loss of the optical fiber, and the loss in the optical fiber sensing comprises absorption loss, scattering loss and radiation loss;
according to the technical scheme, the loss of the optical fiber is represented by superposition of absorption loss, scattering loss and radiation loss, and the superposition is represented by the power difference of the optical fiber;
the loss detection unit processes the loss data and then calculates the loss power;
by detecting the power difference of the optical fiber sensing in the use of the optical fiber sensing, the loss of the optical fiber sensing is comprehensively calculated, so that the optical fiber loss condition can be known, the factors of the optical fiber loss can be considered in the detection value, and when the optical fiber is in error, the error cause can be timely known, and the use condition of the optical fiber sensing system can be more clearly known.
According to the technical scheme, the signal processing module comprises a data classifying unit, a data selecting unit and a data processing unit;
the data classifying unit classifies the data acquired by the system;
the data selecting unit selects a time period in which data is required;
the data processing unit analyzes and processes the selected data.
According to the technical scheme, the data classification unit classifies the data according to the types of the data, and then sorts the data of the same type according to the time sequence;
after the data selection unit determines the time period, selecting all data in the time period;
sorting is performed on the optical fiber sensing data according to the type and time sequence, and when the optical fiber sensing data is analyzed, the time period is selected, so that the data is selected, the screening is more convenient, the data before and after the screening can be kept orderly, and the subsequent analysis and processing of the data are facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2, the following optical fiber sensing steps are included:
s1, acquiring initial data of optical fiber sensing and recording;
s2, conducting the light source in a measured range through the optical fiber to generate sensing data;
s3, collecting optical fiber sensing data and transmitting the optical fiber sensing data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s4, collecting external image data of the measured object, and transmitting the external image data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s5, collecting power data sensed by the optical fibers and transmitting the power data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s6, comprehensively processing the data, and outputting the strain and temperature data of the measured object;
s7, comprehensively processing the data and outputting deformation data of the measured object;
s8, comprehensively processing the data and outputting loss data sensed by the optical fiber.
According to the above technical scheme, in S7, the deformation data of the object to be measured is processed, and a rectangular area to be analyzed is determined according to the deformation range, and the rectangular area is denoted as AA 'BB'.
According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps of analyzing the rectangular area:
x1, selecting images of the same area from other acquired images as references according to rectangular areas AA 'BB';
x2, comparing the image contours of the rectangular area AA 'BB' and the reference area to determine a superposition contour and a deformation contour;
and X3, marking the deformed outline.
According to the technical scheme, in the X2, the center point of the rectangle is firstly determined in the rectangular area, and the comparison of the image contour is carried out from the center point outwards.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed optical fiber sensing system, characterized by: the device comprises a control module, a sensing module, a measuring module, a signal transmission module, a signal processing module and a self-checking module;
the control module is used for controlling the whole optical fiber sensing process, the sensing module is used for collecting signals, the measuring module is used for measuring optical fiber sensing data, the signal transmission module is used for transmitting the signals collected by the optical fibers, the signal processing module is used for processing the signals, and the self-checking module is used for detecting the bending and loss conditions of a detected object;
the self-checking module comprises a deformation detection unit and a loss detection unit;
the deformation detection unit compares the external deformation of the measured object, the loss detection unit detects the loss condition of the optical fiber, and the sensing quality of the optical fiber is determined.
2. The sensing system of a distributed optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the deformation detecting unit comprises an image collecting device, the image collecting device shoots the position image detected by the optical fiber at the same angle, extracts the image contour, compares the image contour, and marks and prompts the deformation position;
the deformation mark in the image outline firstly marks the deformation range, the image is expressed by a plane rectangular coordinate system (xoy), and the sitting mark at the central position of the deformation range is A (x) 1 ，y 1 ) Then, two coordinates of the edge of the deformation range are respectively marked as B (x 2 ，y 2 ) And C (x) 3 ，y 3 ) The two points B and C extend to select a rectangular area for secondary comparison, and the two points B, C are two non-adjacent endpoints of the rectangular area;
and performing secondary comparison on the image contour of the selected rectangular region, and performing marking selection on the deformed contour lines.
3. A distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1, wherein said loss detection unit detects the loss of the optical fiber, and wherein the loss in the optical fiber sensing includes absorptive loss, scattering loss and radiative loss.
4. A distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1, wherein the loss of said optical fiber is represented by the superposition of absorptive, scattering and radiative losses, expressed by the power difference of the optical fiber;
and the loss detection unit calculates the loss power after processing the loss data.
5. The distributed optical fiber sensing system of claim 1, wherein said signal processing module comprises a data classification unit, a data selection unit, and a data processing unit;
the data classifying unit classifies data acquired by the system;
the data selection unit selects a time period in which data is required;
the data processing unit analyzes and processes the selected data.
6. The distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 5, wherein the data classifying unit classifies the data according to the type of the data, and then sorts the data of the same type according to time sequence;
and after the data selection unit determines the time period, selecting all data in the time period.
7. A method of sensing a distributed optical fiber sensing system according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring initial data of optical fiber sensing and recording;
s2, conducting the light source in a measured range through the optical fiber to generate sensing data;
s3, collecting optical fiber sensing data and transmitting the optical fiber sensing data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s4, collecting external image data of the measured object, and transmitting the external image data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s5, collecting power data sensed by the optical fibers and transmitting the power data to a signal processing module for analysis;
s6, comprehensively processing the data, and outputting the strain and temperature data of the measured object;
s7, comprehensively processing the data and outputting deformation data of the measured object;
s8, comprehensively processing the data and outputting loss data sensed by the optical fiber.
8. The sensing method of a distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 7, wherein in S7, deformation data of the object to be measured is processed, and a rectangular area to be analyzed is determined according to the deformation range, and the rectangular area is denoted as AA 'BB'.
9. The method of claim 8, comprising the step of analyzing the rectangular area as follows:
x1, selecting images of the same area from other acquired images as references according to rectangular areas AA 'BB';
x2, comparing the image contours of the rectangular area AA 'BB' and the reference area to determine a superposition contour and a deformation contour;
and X3, marking the deformed outline.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the X2, a center point of the rectangle is determined first, and the image profile is compared from the center point to the outside.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117553852A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-02-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司东莞供电局 | Multi-parameter monitoring sensing system of optical fiber |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117553852A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-02-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司东莞供电局 | Multi-parameter monitoring sensing system of optical fiber |
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