CN116592955B - Flow sensor - Google Patents

Flow sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116592955B
CN116592955B CN202310874668.8A CN202310874668A CN116592955B CN 116592955 B CN116592955 B CN 116592955B CN 202310874668 A CN202310874668 A CN 202310874668A CN 116592955 B CN116592955 B CN 116592955B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
impeller
permanent magnet
flow sensor
sensor
coil
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CN202310874668.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116592955A (en
Inventor
武鑫
黎世清
范德刚
周弦
丁星程
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Sichuan Xinchuan Aviation Instrument Co ltd
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Sichuan Xinchuan Aviation Instrument Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/06Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with tangential admission
    • G01F1/075Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with tangential admission with magnetic or electromagnetic coupling to the indicating device

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a flow sensor, and relates to the technical field of sensors. The flow sensor comprises a sensor main body, an impeller, a soft magnetic core, a coil, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, wherein the sensor main body is provided with a liquid pipeline, the impeller is installed in the liquid pipeline and can rotate under the driving of liquid flow, the first permanent magnet is used for generating a stable space magnetic field, when the impeller rotates under the driving of liquid flow, the magnetic resistance between the soft magnetic core and the impeller periodically changes, the magnetic flux of the coil periodically changes, the coil generates a frequency signal corresponding to the flow and generates a first attractive force to the impeller, the coil is installed on the soft magnetic core and is located between the first permanent magnet and the impeller, and the second permanent magnet is adjacent to the impeller and is used for generating a second attractive force to the impeller. The flow sensor provided by the invention can expand the lower limit of the flow velocity measured by the sensor, and is beneficial to improving the stability of low-speed rotation of the impeller.

Description

Flow sensor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a flow sensor.
Background
The magneto-electric flow sensor consists of a permanent magnet, a soft magnetic core, a coil, an impeller and the like, and the specific structure is shown in fig. 1. The magnetoelectric flow sensor generates a space magnetic field through the permanent magnet, when the impeller is impacted by fluid to rotate, the magnetic resistance between the soft magnetic core and the impeller generates periodic variation, so that the magnetic flux of the coil generates periodic variation, induced electromotive force is generated in the coil, and the signal frequency is in direct proportion to the rotating speed of the impeller, namely f=nz/60. Wherein f represents the frequency of the coil alternating current signal, n represents the rotating speed of the impeller, and z represents the number of blades of the impeller. The amplitude of the permanent induced electromotive force is applied to the impeller during rotation, the amplitude increases with the increase of the rotation speed of the inductor within a certain range, and the higher the rotation speed of the impeller is, the larger the output electromotive force is, and vice versa.
For a magneto-electric flow sensor, there is a minimum measured flow rate limit, that is, when the flow rate in the liquid conduit is below the minimum measured flow rate, the impeller cannot rotate and the flow sensor cannot function as a flow meter. Meanwhile, in each rotation of the wheel teeth of the impeller, when each wheel tooth passes under the permanent magnet, the wheel teeth are periodically subjected to the change of the attraction force of the permanent magnet, and the phenomenon of unstable rotation can occur under the condition of low flow velocity.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the present invention include, for example, providing a flow sensor that can extend the lower limit of the measured flow rate of the sensor while facilitating improved smoothness of low-speed rotation of the impeller.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a flow sensor, which comprises a sensor main body, an impeller, a soft magnetic core, a coil, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, wherein the sensor main body is provided with a liquid pipeline, the impeller is installed in the liquid pipeline and can rotate under the driving of liquid flow, the first permanent magnet is installed on the sensor main body and is used for generating a first attractive force on the impeller, the coil is installed on the soft magnetic core and is positioned between the first permanent magnet and the impeller, and the second permanent magnet is adjacent to the impeller and is used for generating a second attractive force on the impeller.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the number of the second permanent magnets is plural, and the plural second permanent magnets are arranged along the outer circumference of the impeller.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, when the number of teeth of the impeller is an odd number, the plurality of second permanent magnets are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the impeller.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the number of the second permanent magnets is two, and the two second permanent magnets are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the impeller.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, when the number of teeth of the impeller is even, two adjacent second permanent magnets are spaced by (180-180/z) °, where z represents the number of teeth of the impeller.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the number of the second permanent magnets is two, and the interval (180-180/z) ° between the two second permanent magnets, where z represents the number of teeth of the impeller.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the first permanent magnet is in a shape of a cylinder, a cuboid, a cube, or the like, and the first permanent magnet is coaxially disposed with the soft magnetic core.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the coil is wound on the outside of the soft magnetic core.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the sensor body is provided with a mounting groove, and the soft magnetic core and the coil are both mounted in the mounting groove.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the second permanent magnet is mounted on the sensor body adjacent to the impeller.
The flow sensor provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the first permanent magnet is used for generating a stable space magnetic field, when the impeller rotates under the drive of liquid flow, the magnetic resistance between the soft magnetic core and the impeller is periodically changed, the magnetic flux of the coil is periodically changed, the coil generates a frequency signal corresponding to the flow, and a first attractive force is generated on the impeller. When the impeller rotates by an angle alpha, the impeller rotates around the moment of the center of the impeller by fluid impulse f; permanent magnet in sensor attraction force F to impeller teeth 1 Horizontal component F of (2) 1x Generating a resistance moment; the second permanent magnet attracts the impeller teeth F2, the horizontal force component F 2x A prime mover moment can be generated. By means of a horizontal force component F 1x Horizontal component force F 2x The moment synthesis can be known as follows: the minimum fluid impulse f required for rotation of the impeller is reduced by the addition of the second permanent magnet. That is, the flow sensor provided by the embodiment of the invention can measure the flow velocity moreSmall liquid flows, thereby expanding the lower limit of the measured flow rate of the sensor. Meanwhile, for the problem of unstable rotation under the condition of low flow velocity, the embodiment of the invention expands the lower limit of the flow velocity measured by the sensor by arranging the second permanent magnet, thereby being beneficial to improving the stability of low-speed rotation of the impeller. In each rotation of the wheel teeth of the impeller, when each wheel tooth passes under the first permanent magnet, the change of the attractive force of the first permanent magnet is reduced, so that the phenomenon of unstable rotation under the condition of low flow rate is reduced. The embodiment of the invention can expand the lower limit of the flow velocity measured by the sensor, and is beneficial to improving the stability of low-speed rotation of the impeller.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described. It is appreciated that the following drawings depict only certain embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. Other relevant drawings may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from these drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magneto-electric flow sensor;
FIG. 2 is a simplified force analysis schematic diagram of the magneto-electric flow sensor of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a force analysis of the impeller of the magneto-electric flow sensor of FIG. 1 when rotated at a certain angle;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flow sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulated analysis of the magneto-electric flow sensor of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a simulated analysis of the flow sensor of fig. 4.
Reference numerals: 00-magneto-electric flow sensor; 01-permanent magnet; 02-coil; 03-a soft magnetic core; 04-impeller; 10-a flow sensor; 14-a first permanent magnet; 15-a second permanent magnet.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a magneto-electric flow sensor 00 is shown. The magneto-electric flow sensor 00 comprises a sensor main body, a permanent magnet 01, a soft magnetic core 03, a coil 02, an impeller 04 and the like. The permanent magnet 01 generates a space magnetic field, and when the impeller 04 is rotated by fluid impact, the magnetic resistance between the soft magnetic core 03 and the impeller 04 periodically changes, so that the magnetic flux of the coil 02 periodically changes, and induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 02.
Referring to fig. 2, a simplified stress analysis of a magneto-electric flow sensor 00 model is shown. As shown in fig. 2, during the rotation of the impeller 04, the teeth of the impeller 04 are periodically subjected to the attractive force F of the permanent magnet 01, the attractive force points to the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet 01, and the magnitude of the attractive force F is proportional to the distance between the teeth and the permanent magnet 01; the gear teeth are subjected to the fluid impact force f in a direction perpendicular to the tangential plane of the surface of the impeller 04.
Referring to fig. 3, a force analysis of the impeller 04 when rotated at a certain angle is shown. As shown in fig. 3, after the impeller 04 rotates by an angle α, the impeller 04 is rotated by a fluid impulse force f around a moment at the center of the impeller 04, which is a main moment; horizontal component force F of permanent magnet in sensor to attractive force F of impeller 04 teeth 1 In the opposite direction to the direction along the liquid flow, F 1 The moment generated around the rotation center is a resistance moment. When the liquid flows through the impeller 04, F < F 1 When the impact force of the liquid generates insufficient driving moment to overcome the problem that the permanent magnet 01 generates to the impeller 04, and the impeller 04 does not move; when F is greater than or equal to F 1 When the impeller 04 starts to rotate, the sensor generates an induced electromotive force signal to be output. That is, only when the fluid impulse F is greater than or equal to the horizontal component F of the permanent magnet's attractive force F to the impeller 04 teeth 1 When the impeller 04 rotates, an induced electromotive force signal is output. Therefore, the magnetoelectric flow sensor 00 has the lowest measurement flow rate limitation, and meanwhile, in each rotation of the gear teeth of the impeller 04, when each gear tooth passes under the permanent magnet 01, the gear teeth are periodically subjected to the change of the attraction force of the permanent magnet 01, and under the condition of low flow rate, the phenomenon of unstable rotation can occur.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of a flow sensor 10 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. The flow sensor 10 comprises a sensor body, an impeller 04, a soft magnetic core 03, a coil 02, a first permanent magnet 14 and a second permanent magnet, wherein the sensor body is provided with a liquid pipeline, the impeller 04 is installed in the liquid pipeline and can rotate under the driving of liquid flow, the first permanent magnet 14 is installed on the sensor body and used for generating a first attractive force to the impeller 04, the coil 02 is installed on the soft magnetic core 03 and located between the first permanent magnet 14 and the impeller 04, and the second permanent magnet is adjacent to the impeller 04 and used for generating a second attractive force to the impeller 04. The first permanent magnet 14 is used for generating a stable space magnetic field, when the impeller 04 rotates under the action of liquid flow, the magnetic resistance between the soft magnetic core 03 and the impeller 04 changes periodically, the magnetic flux of the coil 02 changes periodically, the coil 02 generates a frequency signal corresponding to the flow, and a first attractive force is generated for the impeller.
As shown in fig. 4, the flow sensor 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with the second permanent magnet 15 added to the magneto-electric flow sensor 00 of fig. 1 to 3. Fig. 4 also shows the force analysis after the addition of the second permanent magnet 15. When the impeller 04 rotates by an angle alpha, the impeller 04 rotates around the moment of the center of the impeller 04 by fluid impulse f; attraction force F of permanent magnet in sensor to wheel 04 teeth 1 Horizontal component F of (2) 1x Generating a resistance moment; the second permanent magnet 15 attracts the wheel 04 teeth F 2 Of the horizontal component F 2x A prime mover moment can be generated. By means of a horizontal force component F 1x Horizontal component force F 2x The moment synthesis can be known as follows: the minimum fluid impulse f required for rotation of the impeller 04 is reduced by the addition of the second permanent magnet 15. That is, the flow sensor 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention can measure the flow of the liquid with a smaller flow rate, thereby expanding the lower limit of the measured flow rate of the sensor.
Meanwhile, for the problem of unstable rotation under the condition of low flow rate, the embodiment of the invention expands the lower limit of the flow rate measured by the sensor by arranging the second permanent magnet 15. The change in the attractive force of the first permanent magnet 14 is reduced when each tooth passes under the first permanent magnet 14 in each rotation of the impeller 04, so that the phenomenon of unstable rotation is reduced under the condition of low flow rate.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of the second permanent magnets 15 is plural, and the plural second permanent magnets 15 are arranged along the outer circumference of the impeller 04.
Further, when the number of teeth of the impeller 04 is an odd number, the plurality of second permanent magnets 15 are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the impeller 04. When the number of teeth of the impeller 04 is even, the adjacent two second permanent magnets 15 are spaced by (180-180/z) °, where z represents the number of teeth of the impeller 04. Such as: when the number of the second permanent magnets 15 is two and the number of the teeth of the impeller 04 is even, the two second permanent magnets 15 are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the impeller 04; when the number of the second permanent magnets 15 is two and the number of teeth of the impeller 04 is an odd number, the two second permanent magnets 15 are spaced by (180-180/z) °.
In addition, with the structure of the flow sensor 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the first permanent magnet 14 may be cylindrical, and the first permanent magnet 14 is disposed coaxially with the soft magnetic core 03. The coil 02 is wound around the outside of the soft magnetic core 03.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the sensor body is provided with a mounting groove in which the soft magnetic core 03 and the coil 02 are both mounted.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the second permanent magnet 15 is mounted on the sensor body adjacent to the impeller 04. The mounting manner of the second permanent magnet 15 is not particularly required or limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that the first permanent magnet 14 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, a square, or the like, and the first permanent magnet 14 is disposed coaxially with the soft magnetic core 03. The shape of the first permanent magnet 14 is not particularly required or limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be further noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, specific requirements are not made on parameters such as a specific shape and a size of the second permanent magnet 15, that is, regarding a cross-sectional shape of the second permanent magnet 15, the second permanent magnet may be a regular triangle, a quadrilateral, a circle, or the like, or may be an irregular shape; the second permanent magnet 15 may be larger than the first permanent magnet 14 or smaller than the first permanent magnet 14 in terms of size.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a flow sensor 10 and a conventional magneto-electric flow sensor 00 according to an embodiment of the invention are shown. In fig. 5, the magneto-electric flow sensor 00 shown in fig. 1 was used, and a simulation was performed using 1 permanent magnet, and a measurement point was set in the impeller 04, and when the impeller 04 rotated, the maximum resistance torque of the permanent magnet to the impeller 04 was calculated to be 5.6 mn.m (peak position). Fig. 6 uses 2 permanent magnets, namely, a first permanent magnet 14 and a second permanent magnet 15 for simulation, a measuring point is set at the impeller 04, and when the impeller 04 rotates, the maximum resistance torque of the impeller 04 received by the first permanent magnet 14 is calculated to be 2.0 mn.m (peak position). As can be seen from comparing the simulation analysis results of FIGS. 5 and 6, the embodiment of the present invention can effectively reduce the resistance moment generated by a single permanent magnet.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship conventionally put in use of the inventive product, or the azimuth or positional relationship conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should also be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms such as "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The flow sensor is characterized by comprising a sensor main body, an impeller, a soft magnetic core, a coil, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, wherein the sensor main body is provided with a liquid pipeline, the impeller is installed in the liquid pipeline and can rotate under the driving of liquid flow, the first permanent magnet is installed on the sensor main body and is used for generating a first attractive force for the impeller, the coil is installed on the soft magnetic core and is positioned between the first permanent magnet and the impeller, the second permanent magnet is adjacent to the impeller and is used for generating a second attractive force for the impeller, and the horizontal component force of the second attractive force can generate a driving moment for the impeller so as to reduce the minimum fluid impulse force required by rotation of the impeller.
2. The flow sensor of claim 1, wherein the number of second permanent magnets is a plurality, and wherein the plurality of second permanent magnets are disposed along an outer circumference of the impeller.
3. The flow sensor of claim 2, wherein the plurality of second permanent magnets are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the impeller when the number of teeth of the impeller is an odd number.
4. A flow sensor according to claim 3, wherein the number of the second permanent magnets is two, and the two second permanent magnets are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the impeller.
5. The flow sensor of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first permanent magnet is a cylinder, a cube, or a cuboid, and the first permanent magnet is coaxially disposed with the soft magnetic core.
6. The flow sensor of claim 5, wherein the coil is wound on an outside of the soft magnetic core.
7. A flow sensor according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the second permanent magnet is mounted within the liquid conduit adjacent the impeller.
CN202310874668.8A 2023-07-17 2023-07-17 Flow sensor Active CN116592955B (en)

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