CN1165923C - Switch for converter of tapping on load - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a switch for changing tap which is small-sized and inexpensive and has high reliability. A 1st vacuum switch 4 is freely opened by a push spring 45 for open electrode which is larger than a vacuum self-closing force, a driving piece 44, and a stop piece 47. A 2nd vacuum switch 5 is freely closed by a vacuum self-closing force and contact-press push switch 54. Both the vacuum switches 4 and 5 are arranged side by side, and a cam mechanism consisting of a cam 2 and a bell crank 3 with a cam follower 31 drives the 1st vacuum switch 4 with a driving piece 44 so as to drive the 2nd vacuum switch 5 by a lever piece 6 engaged with the driving piece 44.

Description

Switch for converter of tapping on load

Technical field

The present invention relates to the switch for converter of tapping on load of the employed vacuum switch formulas of tap such as transformer.

Background technology

Tap change did not expose, can not make the environmental gas medium to decompose or pollution characteristics because be to make current lead-through or disconnection in being called the airtight container of vacuum switch so have electric arc when the current switching element of change over switch adopted the vacuum switch formula of vacuum switch to load.Especially with SF ₆Tap change during as the gas-insulating type of dielectric load is because the effect of these characteristics is very big, so tap change when having been loaded as the vacuum switch formula specially.By now, how low-cost when making this vacuum switch formula load tap change become the problem of today.

For example, disclose 1998 No. 270265 communique in Japanese patent of invention and proposed a kind of method that realizes above-mentioned problem, promptly, utilize operating angle to change the spring rotation shape accumulating mechanism of (N is a tap number) for 1/N, each drives two vacuum switches mutually and two taps are selected moveable arm and it is cooperated to carry out tap.Adopt this method, when carrying out the action of 1 tap, first vacuum switch that two vacuum switches promptly often open and normally closed second vacuum switch have just been begun and conversion when closing to an end in conversion, mutually by correct order and upset and its on off state that overturns again accurately, become mechanism to specialize the problem of aspect through narrow and small common closed interval.The method of above-mentioned communique record, the movable electrode by making first and second vacuum switch be configured in series relatively and up and down mutually, and uses the fork of the cam follower that is driven by grooved cam to drive these movable electrodes, has realized this problem.

But the driving method of above-mentioned existing change over switch, because two vacuum switches configured in series up and down, thus tap change whole height problem of higher when having load, and because must the use grooved cam, so there is the high problem of cost.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the objective of the invention is to, a kind of switching sequence that can obtain aforesaid vacuum switch is provided, that is, can make first vacuum switch often opened and normally closed second vacuum switch conversion just begun and change when closing to an end, through narrow and small common closed interval mutually by correct order and accurately upset reach the switch for converter of tapping on load its open and-shut mode, highly lower and inexpensive that overturns again.

Switch for converter of tapping on load provided by the invention, have first normally closed vacuum switch and second vacuum switch of Chang Kai, its on off state was once overturning through closed interval altogether when just having begun in conversion to make this first and second vacuum switch, when conversion closes to an end, overturn once more through closed interval altogether once more and recover just often on off state, it comprises: periphery is provided with the cam of equal angles cam double wedge at interval, be provided with the cam follower of following this cam double wedge, the radial direction displacement of described cam double wedge is become the right angle crank of the shift reciprocately parallel with camshaft, be provided with first fixed electrode of camshaft configured in parallel rod and be first vacuum switch of S1 from having first and second first movable electrode that combines flange rod near this first electrode bar side and disconnecting stroke, be located at first and second movably in conjunction with between the flange and the driving chip that is connected with right angle crank along the first movable electrode rod, have greater than the spring force of the self-closing power of vacuum of first vacuum switch and with driving chip to second disconnection of pressing in conjunction with the flange thruster with the pushing spring, the disconnection motion limits of the first movable electrode rod is become to disconnect the prevention sheet of stroke S1 with first movable electrode rod butt, be provided with second fixed electrode rod and have the 3rd the second movable electrode rod in conjunction with flange, and the configuration direction of the configuration direction that makes this second fixed electrode rod and the second movable electrode rod and first fixed electrode rod and the first movable electrode rod is identical and with first vacuum switch disconnection stroke that disposes arranged side by side be second vacuum switch of S2, and, one end is connected the other end and combines the flange butt with the 3rd and be configured to make second vacuum switch to disconnect with driving chip, and be provided with the lever sheet of fulcrum in the position that is respectively L1 and L2 from an end and the other end, under cam follower is positioned at state on the cam double wedge top, combine with second at driving chip and to be formed with size between the flange than (the gap W that S2 * L1/L2) is big, between first movable electrode rod and prevention sheet, be formed with the gap of size S1, simultaneously, the other end of lever sheet works in conjunction with flange to the 3rd, and second vacuum switch is disconnected the stroke of disconnection S2.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the side sectional view that the change over switch formation notion in the invention process form 1 is shown.

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the cam of the change over switch among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the side sectional view that the action of the change over switch among Fig. 1 is shown.

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the cam of the change over switch among Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the disconnection closing order figure of first, second vacuum switch.

Embodiment

Example 1 now is described.

Fig. 1 is the side sectional view that the formation notion of the switch for converter of tapping on load (to call change over switch in the following text) in the invention process form 1 is shown, Figure 2 shows that the vertical view of the cam of the change over switch among Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the change over switch identical with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and the side sectional view and the vertical view of cam thereof with Fig. 4, but shows and different action state constantly illustrated in figures 1 and 2.In these figure, 1 is the driving shaft as camshaft, is that the output shaft of the driving mechanisms such as spring energy accumulating machine of θ is connected with a not shown switching motion angle.2 is the cam that is installed on this driving shaft 1 and is provided with a plurality of cam double wedges 21 in periphery with the angular interval of θ, 3 tops that are provided with cam follower 31 another arms for the top that is provided with mutual rectangular substantially two arms and one of them arm are provided with fork 32, the crossing base portion of two arms free to rotately with the right angle crank of fulcrum pin 33 loose fits, 4 is the first normally closed vacuum switch, by being provided with first at pars intermedia and end, second in conjunction with flange 411,412 first movable electrode rod, 41 and first fixed electrode rod 42 constitutes, from dispose successively near first fixed electrode rod, 42 sides first in conjunction with flange 411 and second in conjunction with flange 412, and its first fixed electrode rod 42 installed and remains on the mount pad 43.

44 for to be configured in first and second in conjunction with flange 411 along the first movable electrode rod 41 with can doing relative motion, be provided with the pin 441 that combines with the fork 32 of right angle crank 3 between 412 and at the one sidepiece, be provided with the driving chip of fork 442 in the other side, the 45th, in order to be the top pushing among Fig. 1 and be erected at disconnection spring between the spring base 451 of driving chip 44 below to disconnecting direction all the time with it with first vacuum switch 4, it has the spring force greater than the self-closing power of vacuum of first vacuum switch 4, the 46th, in order to increase the first movable of first vacuum switch 4, first fixed electrode rod contact load and be erected at first and press with pushing spring in conjunction with contacting between flange 411 and the driving chip 44,47 for limiting this first movable electrode rod motion upward promptly, with the disconnection size restrictions of first vacuum switch prevention sheet in a certain amount of usefulness, 5 is second vacuum switch of often opening, have the 3rd second movable electrode rod, the 51 and second fixed electrode rod 52 in conjunction with flange 511 by its end and constitute, its second fixed electrode rod 52 is installed and is remained on the mount pad 53.The 54th, for second movable, second fixed electrode rod contact load that increases by second vacuum switch with and be erected at contacting between the spring base 55 of second movable electrode rod 51 and its top and press with the pushing spring, 6 is that an end is provided with the pin 61 that combines with the fork 442 of driving chip 44 and the other end is provided with the pin 62 that can combine the downside butt of flange 511 with the 3rd, reaches from the position of the distance L 2 of pin 62 and the lever sheet of fulcrum pin 63 ground free to rotate loose fits in the distance L 1 from pin 61.

In addition, constitute the vacuum switch driving mechanism by each key element outside first and second vacuum switches 4,5 among Fig. 1.

In the above-described configuration, driving chip 44 is not as long as there is the thing of prevention owing to disconnect reaction force with pushing spring 45, will desire all the time in Fig. 1 upward to motion.Along with this trend, the right angle crank 3 that fork 32 is combined with the pin 441 of driving chip 44 is desired all the time to counterclockwise rotating.In addition, the lever sheet 6 that pin 61 is combined with the fork 442 of driving chip 44 is desired to rotate to clockwise direction all the time.The pushing force that this counter clockwise direction rotatory force of right angle crank 3 causes acts on the cam double wedge 21 of cam 2 all the time by cam follower 31.

In addition as shown in Figures 1 and 2, be positioned at the cam follower 31 of right angle crank 3 on the top of cam double wedge 21 of cam 2, therefore right angle crank 3 is in the state that swings to the end with fulcrum pin 33 for axial clockwise direction, and because the pin 441 thereby the driving chip 44 that combine with the fork 32 of this right angle crank 3 are in the state that drops to the end, and being in fulcrum pin 63 because of the pin 61 that combines with this fork 442 that drops to the driving chip 44 at the end thereby lever sheet 6 serves as axially counterclockwise to swing under the state at the end, the first movable and first fixed electrode rod 41 of first vacuum switch 4,42 because self-closing power of vacuum of self and contact are pressed with the pushing force of pushing spring 46 closed mutually, because of the relative configuration relation of each inscape forms the W gap at second of the first movable electrode rod 41 between in conjunction with flange 412 and driving chip 44, similarly second in conjunction with flange 412 and stop the gap that forms S1 between the sheet 47, also at the second movable and second fixed electrode rod 51 of second vacuum switch 5 that the 3rd on its second movable electrode rod 51 is upwards boosted in conjunction with flange 511 by the pin 62 of lever sheet 6, form the S2 (gap of W * L2/L1＞S2) wherein between 52.

Fig. 5 illustrates by first and second vacuum switch 4 of vacuum switch drive mechanism and 5 switching figure in proper order, establishes the rotational travel that transverse axis is a driving shaft 1, represents with horizontal bar between the closed area of first and second vacuum switch 4 and 5.θ is the rotational angle of the driving shaft 1 of each switching motion, P1 and P2 are respectively the normal position before and after the conversion, 1.-3. reach 4.-6. interval is between the closed area of first vacuum switch 4,2.-5. be between the closed area of second vacuum switch 5,2.-3. to reach 4.-5. be first and second vacuum switch 4 and 5 common closed interval.

Below the action of vacuum switch driving mechanism is described, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are in the state that this vacuum driving mechanism for switches is positioned at the preceding settling position of conversion,, are in the state of the P1 of the switching order that is positioned at Fig. 5 that is, first vacuum switch, 4 closures, second vacuum switch 5 disconnects.

To become the state of the P2 the switching order of Fig. 5 from this state exchange, with the driving mechanism of not shown accumulating mechanism etc. make driving shaft 1 to clockwise or the direction of one of counter clockwise direction rotate the rotational angle θ of each switching motion.Below be example to rotate to clockwise direction, its motion is described successively.

(1) as mentioned above, owing to disconnect reaction force with pushing spring 45, driving chip 44 be subjected to all the time among the figure upward to power, right angle crank 3 is subjected to anticlockwise rotatory force all the time, thereby cam follower 31 is subjected to all the time towards the centripetal force at the center of cam 2, therefore, in case cam 2 begins to rotate, cam follower 31 i.e. the shape of a cam double wedge 21a in the cam double wedge 21, begin to descend from the top of cam double wedge 21a, therefore, right angle crank 3 beginnings are to motion counterclockwise, driving chip 44 beginnings are to the ascent direction motion, and 6 beginnings of lever sheet are to moving clockwise, and second movable electrode rod, 51 beginnings of second vacuum switch are to the descent direction motion of self.

(2) motion is being carried out, in case driving chip 44 rise reach size S2 * L1/L2 (＜W), the second movable electrode rod 51 of the second vacuum switch 5 size S2 that just descends, second movable electrode rod 51 contacts with second fixed electrode excellent 52, second vacuum switch, 5 closures become the state 2. of Fig. 5.

(3) the second movable electrode rod 51 of second vacuum switch 5 after the closure can not continue to descend again, and therefore, subsequent motion is that the pin 62 of only lever sheet 6 descends, and produces the gap combining between the flange 511 with the 3rd of second vacuum switch 5.

(4) in case the rising of driving chip 44 (from the rising of settling position) reaches size W, driving chip 44 promptly with the second movable electrode rod of first vacuum switch 4 on second combine flange 412 butts, become the state 3. of Fig. 5.Because this butt, contact is pressed with pushing spring 46 and is become be erected on the same electrode bar two in conjunction with the state between flange 411 and 412, so its spring force is again inoperative as the power of the electrode contact pressure of increase by first vacuum switch 4.The pin 62 of lever sheet 6 combines flange 511 with the 3rd of second vacuum switch 5 gap reaches the size of W * L2/L1-S2.

(5) as mentioned above, set for than the big value of the self-closing power of vacuum because disconnect, so in subsequent motion, along with the rising of driving chip 44, the first movable electrode rod 41 of first vacuum switch 4 also rises with the spring force of pushing spring 45.That is, first vacuum switch 4 disconnects.

(6) in case the rising of driving chip 44 (from the rising of settling position) reaches size W+S1, first vacuum switch 4 second in conjunction with flange 412 promptly with stop sheet 47 butts, or else second can rise in conjunction with flange 412 and with the driving chip 44 of its butt and stop.Along with stopping of driving chip 44, the right angle crank 3 that combines with it and the motion of lever sheet 6 also stop, and become the state 3. of Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.At this moment, between first movable electrode rod, the 41 and first fixed electrode rod 42 of first vacuum switch 4, produce the gap (promptly disconnecting size) that is of a size of S1 certainly.

(7) in the motion of following, only driving shaft 1 and cam 2 rotations produce the gap between cam double wedge 21a and the cam follower 31 that stops.

(8) when the rotational angle of cam 2 surpass the cam double wedge spacing angle θ 1/2 the time, cam double wedge 21b subsequently is just close to cam follower 31.Then, this cam double wedge 21b begins cam follower 31 is pushed back direction away from cam 2 centers finally.Therefore, right angle crank 3, driving chip 44 and lever sheet 6 begin to do the counter-rotating action, that is, and and the clockwise motion of right angle crank 3 beginnings, the motion of driving chip 44 beginning descent directions, the anticlockwise motion of lever sheet 6 beginnings.

(9) in case driving chip 44 begins to descend, be subjected to the also decline thereupon together of the first movable electrode rod 41 of descent direction power all the time because of the self-closing power of first vacuum switch 4.When the decline size of driving chip 44 reached S1, the gap (promptly disconnecting size) between first movable electrode of first vacuum switch 4 rod, the 41 and first fixed electrode rod 42 became 0, the first vacuum switch, 4 closures, becomes the state 4. of Fig. 5.At this moment, first vacuum switch 4 second in conjunction with flange 412 and stop between the sheet 47 and be formed with the gap that is of a size of S1 certainly.

(10) in subsequent motion, because the first movable electrode rod 41 of first vacuum switch 4 after the closure can not descend again, so only driving chip 44 descends.Then, produce the gap at second of first vacuum switch 4 once more between in conjunction with flange 412 and driving chip 44, consequently, contact is pressed with pushing spring 46 and is become first state that combines between the flange 411 that is erected at driving chip 44 and first vacuum switch 4, so its spring force begins to work once more, increase by two electrode bars 41 of first vacuum switch 4 and 42 contact load.

(11) when the decline of driving chip 44 (from the decline of the state of Fig. 3) reaches size S1+W-S2 * L1/L2, the pin 62 of lever sheet 6 combines flange 511 butts with the 3rd of second vacuum switch 5, continue to move and the second movable electrode rod 52 of second vacuum switch 5 upwards can be pushed away, thereby second vacuum switch 5 is disconnected.That is, become the state 5. of Fig. 5.

(12) when the rotational angle of cam 2 reaches θ, cam follower 31 arrives on the top of cam double wedge 21b, and the decline of driving chip 44 reaches size S1+W, and is identical with the state of settling position before the conversion shown in Figure 1, arrives the settling position after the conversion.Promptly, first vacuum switch, 4 closures, second vacuum switch disconnects, become at driving chip 44 and combine the state that produces the gap of size W between the flange 412 with second of first vacuum switch 4, first vacuum switch 4 second in conjunction with flange 412 and stop the state that produces size S1 gap between the sheet 47, finish a switching motion.

Example 2 then is described.

In example 1, all use contact to press example to be illustrated with first and second vacuum switch 4,5 with pushing spring 46,54, but only use under the enough situations of the self-closing power of vacuum of vacuum switch at the contact load between the movable and fixed electrode rod of vacuum switch, can omit these contacts and press with pushing spring.

Example 3 then is described.

In example 1 and 2, right angle crank 3 carries out with pin 441 in driving chip 44 sides with fork 32 with getting in touch in right angle crank 3 sides of driving chip 44, but also can carry out with fork in the driving chip side with pin in the right angle crank side in contrast, effect is also identical.In addition, driving chip 44 carries out with pin 61 in lever sheet 6 sides with fork 442 with getting in touch in driving chip 44 sides of lever sheet 6, but also can carry out with fork in lever sheet side with pin in the driving chip side in contrast, and effect is also identical.About these parts, as long as each other contact is arranged, no matter its pattern how, can both obtain identical effect.

As mentioned above, because two vacuum switches are set up in parallel, so compare during with configured in series up and down, whole height can reduce by 1/2 approximately according to switch for converter of tapping on load of the present invention.

And, only put forth effort on the driving chip of its first vacuum switch from cam, second vacuum switch drives and does driven motion through the lever sheet from driving chip, so, must be the action generation along with first vacuum switch, second vacuum switch moves, and can carry out the correct driving of mutual sequence of movement.For example, right angle crank drives under the situation of two vacuum switches passing through independently respectively from cam mechanism, there is attonity irrelevant with a vacuum switch, another vacuum switch can move, but under the situation that adopts structure of the present invention, because have master slave relation each other, so such problem can not take place.

In addition, has contact because make between first and second vacuum switches by the lever sheet, so, the beginning concluding time of closed interval is decided above stroke W, the disconnection size S2 of second vacuum switch, the brachium L1 and the L2 of lever sheet by the closure of driving chip altogether, therefore, by the ratio of selected L1 and L2,, can both set desirable beginning and end point of closed interval altogether for the combination in any case of W size and S2 size.

In addition, cam is grooved cam not only, also can use plane cam, so good economy performance.

In addition, because generally speaking, it is much smaller that the external diameter of vacuum switch is accommodated its internal diameter of insulating cylinder relatively, therefore, even configuration side by side also needn't increase insulating cylinder about vacuum switch 3 phase transformations that every phase of configuration up and down originally is 2 changed into, the area of plane can not increase.

Claims (1)

1. switch for converter of tapping on load, have first normally closed vacuum switch and second vacuum switch of Chang Kai, its on off state was once overturning through closed interval altogether when just having begun in conversion to make this first and second vacuum switch, when conversion closes to an end, overturn once more through closed interval altogether once more and recover just often on off state, it is characterized in that, comprise: periphery is provided with the cam of equal angles cam double wedge at interval, be provided with the cam follower of following this cam double wedge, the radial direction displacement of described cam double wedge is become the right angle crank of the shift reciprocately parallel with camshaft, be provided with first fixed electrode of camshaft configured in parallel rod with from having first and second first movable electrode that combines flange rod near this first electrode bar side and having one first first vacuum switch that disconnects stroke (S1), along the described first movable electrode rod be located at movably described first and second in conjunction with between the flange and the driving chip that is connected with described right angle crank, have greater than the spring force of the self-closing power of vacuum of described first vacuum switch and with described driving chip to described second disconnection of pressing in conjunction with the flange thruster with the pushing spring, disconnection motion limits with described first movable electrode rod butt with the described first movable electrode rod is the prevention sheet of the described first disconnection stroke (S1), be provided with second fixed electrode rod and have the 3rd in conjunction with second movable electrode rod of flange and make the configuration direction configuration direction excellent with described first fixed electrode and the first movable electrode rod of this second fixed electrode rod and the second movable electrode rod identical and dispose with described first vacuum switch is arranged side by side, second vacuum switch with one second disconnection stroke (S2), and, one end links the other end with described driving chip and combines the flange butt with the described the 3rd and be configured to make described second vacuum switch to disconnect, and be respectively the lever sheet that first position apart from (L1) and second distance (L2) is provided with fulcrum from a described end and the other end, under described cam follower is positioned at state on the described cam double wedge top, combine with second at described driving chip and to be formed with size between the flange than big first gap (W) of the 3rd distance, wherein the size of the 3rd distance is taken as second ratio that disconnects stroke and first distance and the second distance result that the draws (S2 * L1/L2) that multiplies each other, between described first movable electrode rod and prevention sheet, be formed with second gap that is of a size of the described first disconnection stroke (S1), simultaneously, the other end of described lever sheet works in conjunction with flange to the 3rd, makes second vacuum switch disconnect one described second and disconnects stroke (S2).

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