CN116588250A - Design method of floating photovoltaic mooring anchoring system - Google Patents
Design method of floating photovoltaic mooring anchoring system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
- B63B2021/505—Methods for installation or mooring of floating offshore platforms on site
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/4453—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting solar energy into electric energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention provides a design method of a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a load combination effect based on preset load actions, then selecting a mooring structure and an anchoring structure, further determining the number of the mooring structure and the anchoring structure, finally simulating based on hydrodynamic analysis software, determining the number of the final mooring structure and the anchoring structure, and further designing a mooring and anchoring system structure based on project site conditions; in the scheme, the mooring structure and the anchoring structure are checked for a plurality of times, the method for adjusting the number of the mooring and anchoring systems is provided, the whole scheme is reliable in design basis, strict in logic and has the performability, and the scheme is based on the existing standard requirements and has more practical engineering application guiding significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mooring and anchoring design of water surface structures, and particularly relates to a design method of a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system.
Background
The world energy market is moving toward green clean power generation. The floating photovoltaic energy effectively relieves the problems that land shortage is caused by land photovoltaic development and a pile foundation fixed type water surface photovoltaic power station is not applicable to a deep water area, and has the advantages of improving the power generation efficiency, reducing water evaporation, protecting water resources and the like. Therefore, floating photovoltaics have great development prospects and application markets.
However, the stress condition and the motion rule of floating photovoltaics under the environmental load of water areas such as stormy waves, currents and the like are complex. As a mooring positioning structure, a mooring anchoring system is important to ensure the stability and safety of floating photovoltaics, and the whole movement range of a floating square matrix in an operation period should meet the design requirement and avoid collision with other floating bodies. In addition, the net buoyancy of the floating body, the mooring strength and the bearing capacity of the anchoring structure should also meet the design requirements. Compared with mooring systems of structures such as ocean platforms and floating fans, the mooring and anchoring system of the floating photovoltaic power station has the characteristics of geometric structure, stress condition, layout mode and the like, and failure is one of main reasons for damaging the floating photovoltaic array; however, the related research and design methods are still not mature, and the design methods based on the standard standards and the system are lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a floating photovoltaic mooring system design method that comprehensively considers environmental load, hydrogeology, existing specification requirements and design basis.
At present, the design aspect of floating photovoltaic structures mainly relates to the design of photovoltaic array structures and pile foundation anchoring, and lacks a general mooring anchoring system design method which meets the standard requirements and is reliable in design basis; the designed method only focuses on the anchoring system, does not relate to the anchoring system, and the number of the anchoring units is a preset value, and does not give the number of the anchoring structures and the number adjusting method of the anchoring units; in addition, the existing design method only considers strength check, does not consider rigidity and stability check, and does not give a specific check calculation formula.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to standardize the design of the mooring system, the invention provides a general floating photovoltaic mooring system design method which is based on the existing standard requirements and takes the effects of environmental load, hydrogeology and the like and the load combination effect into consideration; the invention has reliability, strict logic, executable performance, and has more practical engineering application guiding significance based on the existing standard requirements.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the design method of the mooring and anchoring system of the floating photovoltaic array comprises the following steps of, based on the project water area position of the target floating photovoltaic array, obtaining the corresponding mooring and anchoring system of the target floating photovoltaic array:
step 1: acquiring a preset design load effect and a load combination effect of the target floating photovoltaic array based on the target floating photovoltaic array structure, preset environmental load parameters of each type corresponding to the project water area position and preset hydrogeological parameters of each type; the preset design load effect comprises wind load, wave load and water flow load; step 2 is entered;
step 2: selecting a mooring structure and an anchoring structure, wherein the selecting of the mooring structure comprises a mooring rope model and breaking force, and the selecting of the anchoring structure comprises an anchoring model and bearing capacity; step 3 is entered;
step 3: based on the load combined effect of the target floating photovoltaic array, the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures is determined by combining the current selection of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, the number of the structures is checked and the anchoring is checked, and if the requirements are not met, the step 2 is returned; and if the requirements are met, obtaining the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, and further obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method further comprises the following steps of performing simulation check on the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures obtained in the step 3:
based on the current model selection and the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, establishing a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array and the mooring anchoring system, based on hydrodynamic software, under the preset mooring anchoring system structure, simulating and checking the strength, the rigidity and the stability of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures by combining the preset design load effect, and returning to the step 2 if the requirements are not met; and if the requirements are met, obtaining the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, and further obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, based on the obtained mooring structures and the number of the anchoring structures, the structure of the mooring anchoring system is designed by combining the structure of the target floating photovoltaic array and the field condition of the project, and the corresponding mooring anchoring system of the target floating photovoltaic array is obtained.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the wind load adopts a standard value with the reproduction period being a preset age, so that the design service life standard requirement of the target floating photovoltaic array is not lower than the preset age, and the wind load F borne by the target floating photovoltaic array wind The formula is as follows:
v n ＝β z μ s μ z ω n ＝β z μ s μ z [ω 10 +(ω 100 -ω 10 )(ln n/ln 10-1)]
F wind ＝v n A p sinθ
in the formula, v n Represents the wind load standard value and beta of the reproduction period of a preset period of n years z Represents the wind vibration coefficient at the height z, mu s Represents the model coefficient, mu of wind load z Representing the coefficient of variation, ω, of the wind pressure altitude 10 Represents the basic wind pressure, omega, of 10 years of reproduction period 100 Representing the basic wind pressure of 100 years of reproduction period; a is that p And the area of the photovoltaic component in the target floating photovoltaic array is represented, and theta represents the inclination angle of the photovoltaic component in the target floating photovoltaic array.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the target floating photovoltaic array is subjected to wave load F wave The formula is as follows:
in which Q y Representing the longitudinal component of the wave force calculated by the floating body, Q x Representing the transverse component of the wave force calculated by the floating body, A x Represents the underwater transverse water blocking area of the floating body, A y Represents the underwater longitudinal water blocking area of the floating body, ρ represents the density of water, g represents the gravitational acceleration, h represents the guarantee in the wave systemThe wave height of the rate is 5%, χ represents a preset first coefficient, and η represents a preset second coefficient. Wherein the second coefficient eta is preset by the maximum horizontal dimension alpha of the vertical direction profile of the wave force of the underwater part of the floating body 1 And the ratio of the average wave height lambda.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the target floating photovoltaic array is subjected to water flow load F current The formula is as follows:
wherein ρ represents the density of water, C w Representing the water flow resistance coefficient, v current The water flow speed is represented, and A represents the projected area of the floating body and the water flow direction vertical plane.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the target floating photovoltaic array is subjected to a load combination effect F of a preset design load h The formula is as follows:
F h ＝1.2(F d +F f )+1.4F wind +0.7(1.5F wave +1.5F current +1.4F s )
wherein F is d Representing the self weight of a target floating photovoltaic array structure, F f Representing the buoyancy of the photovoltaic array structure, F wind Representing wind load, F wave Representing wave load, F current Representing the water flow load, F s Representing snow load, F d ＝F f ＝F s ＝0。
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step 3, the following steps are specifically executed:
step 3.1: based on the combined effect F of the load applied to the target floating photovoltaic array h In combination with the current choice of mooring structures, the number Q of mooring structures and thus the number of anchoring structures is obtained by the following formula:
wherein q represents the number of mooring ropes on one side of the target floating photovoltaic array as the number of mooring structures, alpha is the angle formed by the single-side mooring structures and the water bottom surface, F m Representing the breaking force corresponding to the current mooring structure selection;
step 3.2: checking the number of the structures based on the number of the mooring structures, and returning to the step 2 if the number of the structures exceeds the preset number of the structures; if the number of the structures does not exceed the number of the preset structures, executing the step 3.3;
step 3.3: performing anchoring check aiming at the anchoring structure, if the anchoring structure meets the requirement, determining the number of the anchoring structure and the anchoring structure, and obtaining the number of the anchoring structure and the anchoring structure, thereby obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array; if the anchoring structure does not meet the requirement, increasing the number of the structures, and returning to the step 3.2;
as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the anchoring structure is as follows:
wherein V is k Represents the standard value of the vertical component force of the anchoring structure, H k Representing the standard value of horizontal component force of the anchoring structure, q represents the number of mooring ropes on one side of the target floating photovoltaic array, alpha is the angle formed by the one-side mooring structure and the water bottom surface, F h And (5) representing the load combination effect of the preset design load action of the target floating photovoltaic array.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides a design method of a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a load combination effect based on preset load actions, then selecting a mooring structure and an anchoring structure, further determining the number of the mooring and anchoring structures, finally simulating based on hydrodynamic analysis software, determining the number of final mooring structures and anchoring structures, and further designing the mooring and anchoring system structure based on project site conditions; in the scheme, the mooring structure and the anchoring structure are checked for a plurality of times, the method for adjusting the number of the mooring and anchoring systems is provided, the whole scheme is reliable in design basis, strict in logic and has the performability, and the scheme is based on the existing standard requirements and has more practical engineering application guiding significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of designing a floating photovoltaic mooring anchor system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a floating photovoltaic mooring anchor system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a floating photovoltaic array configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the forces exerted by a mooring anchor system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a case scheme in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples will provide those skilled in the art with a more complete understanding of the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
In this embodiment, the environmental load parameter and the hydrogeological parameter of the project water area location are obtained first, and may be obtained from a project feasibility report, a geological survey report, etc., or may be obtained by monitoring equipment or field test measurement. The environmental load parameter comprises basic wind pressure omega 0 Wind vibration coefficient beta at height z z Body form factor mu of wind load s Coefficient of wind pressure height change mu z The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The hydrogeologic parameters comprise average wavelength lambda, wave height h with guarantee rate of 5% in the wave system, first preset coefficient χ, second preset coefficient η and water flow velocity v current Coefficient of resistance C of water flow w Vertical distance L between high water level and anchoring plane high Vertical distance L between low water level and anchoring plane low Coefficient lambda of pulling resistance of the ith layer of soil i Standard value q of limiting side resistance of soil body of ith layer s,ik 。
In this example, a floating photovoltaic of about 26MWp is taken as an example, and the basic wind pressure omega is reproduced for 10 years 10 Basic wind pressure omega of 100 years in reproduction period of=0.25 kN/m2 100 A wave height h=1.0m with a guarantee rate of 5% in the wave system of=0.45 kN/m2,average wavelength λ=5, first preset coefficient χ=0.85, second preset coefficient η=0.4, floating body draft h d The maximum horizontal dimension alpha of the vertical profile of the wave force of the underwater part of the floating body can be 0.09m or determined according to practical conditions 1 Equal to the draft h of the floating body d Length of photovoltaic array) l x Or photovoltaic array width l y Product of (v) water velocity v current Water flow resistance coefficient c=1 m/s w =1.0, high water level perpendicular distance L from anchoring plane high =19m, low water level perpendicular to anchoring plane distance L low =0m, etc.
The overall condition of the target floating photovoltaic array is obtained from project data, including a mooring anchor system, a floating support system and a photovoltaic power generation system, as shown in fig. 2. Wherein the target floats the photovoltaic array configuration as shown in fig. 3. In the embodiment, the photovoltaic modules are arranged in a forward-south direction, the front-back center distance is 1.72m, and the left-right center distance is 2.39m. The photovoltaic module dimensions 2256mm×1133mm×35mm.
Based on the parameters, a design method of the floating photovoltaic mooring system shown in fig. 1 is executed, and based on the project water area position of the target floating photovoltaic array, the following steps are executed to obtain the mooring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array.
Step 1: acquiring a preset design load effect and a load combination effect of the target floating photovoltaic array based on the target floating photovoltaic array structure, preset environmental load parameters of each type corresponding to the project water area position and preset hydrogeological parameters of each type; the preset design load effect comprises wind load, wave load and water flow load; step 2 is entered.
In this embodiment, the mooring anchor system of the target floating photovoltaic array is stressed as shown in fig. 4. The target floating photovoltaic array structure comprises a photovoltaic module area A in the target floating photovoltaic array p Photovoltaic module inclination angle theta=12°, photovoltaic array structure dead weight G and photovoltaic array structure buoyancy F f Length of photovoltaic array (i.e. east-west length) l x Width (i.e., north-south length) of photovoltaic array l y Photovoltaic array thickness d. y is the change of water level to cause photovoltaic arrayThe column maximum drift distance and the displacement y thereof have the following calculation formula:wherein L is high And L low Is the vertical distance between the high water level and the low water level and the anchoring plane, and x is the designed anchoring distance.
The wind load adopts the reproduction period as the standard value of the preset period, so that the design service life standard requirement of the target floating photovoltaic array is not lower than the preset period, and the wind load F borne by the target floating photovoltaic array wind The formula is as follows:
v n ＝β z μ s μ z ω n ＝β z μ s μ z [ω 10 +(ω 100 -ω 10 )(ln n/ln10-1)]
F wind ＝v n A p sinθ
in the formula, v n Represents the wind load standard value and beta of the reproduction period of a preset period of n years z Represents the wind vibration coefficient at the height z, mu s Represents the model coefficient, mu of wind load z Representing the coefficient of variation, ω, of the wind pressure altitude 10 Represents the basic wind pressure, omega, of 10 years of reproduction period 100 Representing the basic wind pressure of 100 years of reproduction period; a is that p And the area of the photovoltaic component in the target floating photovoltaic array is represented, and theta represents the inclination angle of the photovoltaic component in the target floating photovoltaic array. In this embodiment, the basic wind pressure of 25 years in the reproduction period is adopted to ensure that the design service life specification of the floating photovoltaic is not less than 25 years.
Wave load F applied to the target floating photovoltaic array wave The formula is as follows:
in which Q y Representing the longitudinal component of the wave force calculated by the floating body, Q x Representing the transverse component of the wave force calculated by the floating body, A x Represents the underwater transverse water blocking area of the floating body, A y Represents the underwater longitudinal water blocking area of the floating body,the photovoltaic array structure is subjected to dead weight G and buoyancy F f Length of photovoltaic array (i.e. east-west length) l x Width (i.e., north-south length) of photovoltaic array l y And (5) calculating and determining. ρ represents the density of water, g represents the gravitational acceleration, h represents the wave height of the guarantee rate of 5% in the wave system, χ represents a preset first coefficient, η represents a preset second coefficient. Wherein the second coefficient eta is preset by the maximum horizontal dimension alpha of the vertical direction profile of the wave force of the underwater part of the floating body 1 And the ratio of the average wave height lambda. The wave system indicates that the waves in the actual period of time are of different amplitude (wave height correlation), frequency wave composition.
The target floating photovoltaic array is subjected to water flow load F current The formula is as follows:
wherein ρ represents the density of water, C w Representing the water flow resistance coefficient, v current The water flow speed is represented, and A represents the projected area of the floating body and the water flow direction vertical plane.
Load combination effect F of preset design load action of target floating photovoltaic array h The formula is as follows:
F h ＝1.2(F d +F f )+1.4F wind +0.7(1.5F wave +1.5F current +1.4F s )
wherein F is d Representing the self weight of a target floating photovoltaic array structure, F f Representing the buoyancy of the photovoltaic array structure, F wind Representing wind load, F wave Representing wave load, F current Representing the water flow load, F s Representing snow load, F d ＝F f ＝F s =0. The load combined effect considers that the dead weight and buoyancy of the photovoltaic array structure are balanced, and the dead weight and buoyancy can not be transmitted to the anchoring structure through the anchor rope, F h Is a design value of total horizontal component force under the limit state of bearing capacity, wherein the dead weight, buoyancy and snow load of the photovoltaic array structure are vertical loads and mutually offset in the vertical directionNo transmission to mooring rope, F d ＝F f ＝F s ＝0。
Based on the above-mentioned live load formulas, the specific calculation in this embodiment is as follows:
the wind load standard value is v n ＝β z μ s μ z ω 0 ＝1.3×1×1×0.33＝0.43kN/m 2 The wind load level load standard value applied to the single photovoltaic module is 0.43× 2.256 ×1.133×sin 12+= 0.2285kN. Then the wind load level loading standard value for a single photovoltaic array is 8784 x 0.2285 = 2007.14kN.
The wave load assumes that the immersion depth is half the height of the float, then h is known as d λ < 0.09/5=0.018 < 0.025, combine h d The first preset coefficient χ is 0.85 because of the preset mapping table corresponding to the first preset coefficient λ. For the long side (north-south side), α 1 Lambda > 298/30=9.9 > 4, combined with the maximum horizontal dimension alpha of the vertical profile of the wave forces of the submerged part of the floating body 1 The ratio of the average wave height lambda to the second preset coefficient is set to 0.4. By wave load F wave The formula shows that the standard value of the horizontal load of the long side (north-south side) is 0.85 multiplied by 0.4 multiplied by 9.8 multiplied by 1.0 multiplied by (0.18/2) multiplied by 298=89.36 kN. For the short side (east-west side), α 1 λ > 124/30=4.1 > 4, so the second predetermined coefficient η is taken to be 0.4. By wave load F wave The formula shows that the standard value of the horizontal load on the short side (east-west side) is 0.85×0.4×9.8×1.0× (0.18/2) ×124=37.19 kN. In this embodiment, the long side and the short side correspond to the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction respectively.
The long side (north-south side) horizontal load standard value caused by the water flow load is 1×1×12×298× (0.18/2)/2=13.41 kN, and the short side (east-west side) horizontal load standard value is 1×1×12×124× (0.18/2)/2=5.58 kN
The load combination effect is calculated as: the horizontal load standard value of the long side (the north-south side) of the photovoltaic array is 1.4x2007.14+0.7x (1.5x89.36+1.5x13.41) =2918 kN; photovoltaic array minor face (east-west) horizontal load standard value:
1.4×2007.14+0.7×(1.5×37.19+1.5×5.58)＝2855kN。
step 2: selecting a mooring structure and an anchoring structure, wherein the selecting of the mooring structure comprises a mooring rope model and breaking force, and the selecting of the anchoring structure comprises an anchoring model and bearing capacity; step 3 is entered; for example, the anchoring structure adopts a ray anchor, a single ray anchor can provide a tensile force of 4t (namely 40 kN) at maximum, and the mooring structure adopts a steel wire rope. The first model selection is based on the load combined effect of the target floating photovoltaic array and combines experience to perform model selection.
Step 3: based on the load combined effect of the target floating photovoltaic array, the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures is determined by combining the current selection of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, the number of the structures is checked and the anchoring is checked, and if the requirements are not met, the step 2 is returned; and if the requirements are met, obtaining the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, and further obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array.
In the step 3, the following steps are specifically executed:
step 3.1: based on the combined effect F of the load applied to the target floating photovoltaic array h In combination with the current choice of mooring structures, the number Q of mooring structures and thus the number of anchoring structures is obtained by the following formula:
wherein q represents the number of mooring ropes on one side of the target floating photovoltaic array as the number of mooring structures, alpha is the angle formed by the single-side mooring structures and the water bottom surface, F m Representing the breaking force corresponding to the current mooring structure selection.
Step 3.2: checking the number of the structures based on the number of the mooring structures, and returning to the step 2 if the number of the structures exceeds the preset number of the structures; if the number of the preset structures is not exceeded, executing the step 3.3. In this embodiment, the step of returning to step 2 to perform model selection for the mooring structure and the anchoring structure is to select a model with larger breaking force and bearing capacity based on the breaking force and bearing capacity corresponding to the current mooring structure.
Step 3.3: performing anchoring check aiming at the anchoring structure, if the anchoring structure meets the requirement, determining the number of the anchoring structure and the anchoring structure, and obtaining the number of the anchoring structure and the anchoring structure, thereby obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array; if the anchoring structure does not meet the requirement, the number of the structures is increased, and the step 3.2 is returned. The number of structures in this embodiment may be increased iteratively by an increment of 1, or may be increased iteratively by an increment exceeding 1, or the number of each increment may be different.
The anchoring structure is required to be as follows:
wherein V is k Represents the standard value of the vertical component force of the anchoring structure, H k Representing the standard value of horizontal component force of the anchoring structure, q represents the number of mooring ropes on one side of the target floating photovoltaic array, alpha is the angle formed by the one-side mooring structure and the water bottom surface, F h And (5) representing the load combination effect of the preset design load action of the target floating photovoltaic array. The east-west side and the north-south side are required to meet the requirement of an anchoring structure. The number of mooring structures in this embodiment is calculated from the combined effects of the load to determine a total horizontal force component design value F h Breaking force F with horizontal component corresponding to current mooring structure selection m The ratio of (2) is rounded upwards to be determined; in this embodiment, q=73 is taken from the above-mentioned floating photovoltaic north-south side 2918/40 > 72.95; the number of mooring structures and anchoring structures can be determined by taking q=72 from the east-west side 2855/40 to be larger than 71.38, and the number of four sides is comprehensively the number of the anchoring structures. The number of anchoring structures is equal to the number of mooring structures.
The method further comprises the following steps of performing simulation check on the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures obtained in the step 3: based on the current model selection and the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, establishing a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array and the mooring anchoring system, based on hydrodynamic software, under the preset mooring anchoring system structure, simulating and checking the strength, the rigidity and the stability of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures by combining the preset design load effect, and returning to the step 2 if the requirements are not met; and if the requirements are met, obtaining the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, and further obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array. In the embodiment, a finite element model of the floating photovoltaic mooring system can be established by adopting the hydrodynamics analysis software AQWA, simulation analysis is carried out, and the functions of wind load, wave load, water flow load and the like are simultaneously considered in the simulation process. In this embodiment, the step of returning to step 2 to perform model selection for the mooring structure and the anchoring structure is to select a model with larger breaking force and bearing capacity based on the breaking force and bearing capacity corresponding to the current mooring structure. The preset mooring anchoring system is constructed in a connecting mode of mooring vertical connecting floating bodies, the interval distance between two adjacent anchors on one side is equal, and all anchors on one side are on the same straight line.
Further, the strength, rigidity and stability check needs to be performed according to specific types of the mooring structure and the anchoring structure. Checking the strength of the mooring structure, namely judging whether the tensile force of the mooring structure under the action of load meets the breaking force requirement of the mooring structure; checking the strength of the anchoring structure, namely judging whether the stress of the anchoring structure under the action of load meets the requirement of the bearing capacity of the anchoring structure; checking the rigidity of the mooring structure, namely judging whether the deformation of the mooring structure under the action of load meets the rigidity coefficient requirement of the mooring structure; (stiffness coefficient is a basic physical quantity used to describe the elastic deformation form of a material under the action of external force); checking the rigidity of the anchoring structure, namely judging whether the deformation of the anchoring structure under the action of load meets the deformation requirement of the anchoring structure; checking the stability of the mooring structure, namely judging whether the deformation of the mooring structure under the action of load meets the requirement of the movement range limit value of the mooring structure; (stability refers to whether the structure can maintain its shape and position under external load); and checking the stability of the anchoring structure, namely judging whether the pulling force and the horizontal dragging force of the anchoring structure under the action of load meet the pulling-resistant bearing capacity and the anti-skid bearing capacity. The former is smaller than the latter to meet the strength, stiffness and stability requirements.
The implementation isIn the example, taking the anchoring structure as a pile foundation as an example, there is a single pile horizontal bearing capacity characteristic value R ha Requiring that it is greater than the standard value H of the horizontal component force transmitted to the anchoring structure k Which is a strength requirement. The horizontal bearing capacity characteristic value of the single pile can be calculated according to the following formula:wherein alpha is d Is the horizontal deformation coefficient of the pile, EI is the bending stiffness of the pile, x oa Is allowed to horizontally shift, and the horizontal displacement is 0.01m; v (V) x Is the pile top horizontal displacement coefficient, and is preferably 2.441. The calculation method of the horizontal deformation coefficient of the pile comprises the following steps:wherein m is the proportionality coefficient of the pile side horizontal resistance coefficient; b 0 The calculated width of the pile body and the deformation are required by rigidity. The stability requirement is the standard value T of the single pile pulling-resistant bearing capacity k ＝T uk /2+G p Which is greater than the standard value V of the vertical component force transmitted to the anchoring structure k ，G p Is the dead weight of foundation piles/soil. And standard value T of vertical ultimate bearing capacity of single pile uk Can be calculated as follows: t (T) uk ＝CΣλ i q s,ik l i Wherein, C is the circumference of the pile body; lambda (lambda) i Is the pulling-resistant coefficient of the i-th layer soil; q s,ik Is the standard value of the limiting side resistance of the soil body of the ith layer; l (L) i Is the length of the foundation pile in the i-th layer of soil.
Further, based on the obtained number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, the mooring system structure is designed by combining the target floating photovoltaic array structure and project site conditions, and a mooring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array is obtained. In this embodiment, the mooring and anchoring system structural design is a structural design of a connection mode of a mooring and anchoring system, and is mainly designed in a structural local design under the determination of the type of a mooring and anchoring structure, mainly designed in a connection mode among the mooring, anchoring and floating body, and specifically designed in a connection mode between the mooring and anchoring and between the mooring structure and the floating body. Each anchor array can be designed as a symmetrical design of mooring anchors on two opposite sides of the target floating photovoltaic array in an arrangement that the interval distance between two adjacent anchors in a single side of the target floating photovoltaic array is equal and all anchors on the side are on a straight line. The mooring anchor system configuration design may be as shown in fig. 5.
The invention designs a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system design method, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a load combination effect based on preset load actions, then selecting a mooring structure and an anchoring structure, further determining the number of the mooring and anchoring structures, finally simulating based on hydrodynamic analysis software, determining the number of final mooring structures and anchoring structures, and further designing the mooring and anchoring system structure based on project site conditions; in the scheme, the mooring structure and the anchoring structure are checked for a plurality of times, the method for adjusting the number of the mooring and anchoring systems is provided, the whole scheme is reliable in design basis, strict in logic and has the performability, and the scheme is based on the existing standard requirements and has more practical engineering application guiding significance.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments may be modified or equivalents substituted for some of the features thereof. All equivalent structures made by the content of the specification and the drawings of the invention are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The design method of the mooring and anchoring system of the floating photovoltaic array is characterized by comprising the following steps of, based on the project water area position of the target floating photovoltaic array, obtaining the mooring and anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array:
step 1: acquiring a preset design load effect and a load combination effect of the target floating photovoltaic array based on the target floating photovoltaic array structure, preset environmental load parameters of each type corresponding to the project water area position and preset hydrogeological parameters of each type; the preset design load effect comprises wind load, wave load and water flow load; step 2 is entered;
step 2: selecting a mooring structure and an anchoring structure, wherein the selecting of the mooring structure comprises a mooring rope model and breaking force, and the selecting of the anchoring structure comprises an anchoring model and bearing capacity; step 3 is entered;
step 3: based on the load combined effect of the target floating photovoltaic array, the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures is determined by combining the current selection of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, the number of the structures is checked and the anchoring is checked, and if the requirements are not met, the step 2 is returned; and if the requirements are met, obtaining the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, and further obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array.
2. The method for designing a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system according to claim 1, further comprising the step of performing simulation verification on the number of mooring structures and anchoring structures obtained in step 3:
based on the current model selection and the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, establishing a hydrodynamic model corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array and the mooring anchoring system, based on hydrodynamic software, under the preset mooring anchoring system structure, simulating and checking the strength, the rigidity and the stability of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures by combining the preset design load effect, and returning to the step 2 if the requirements are not met; and if the requirements are met, obtaining the number of the mooring structures and the anchoring structures, and further obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array.
3. The method for designing a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein the mooring and anchoring system structure is designed based on the obtained number of mooring structures and anchoring structures in combination with a target floating photovoltaic array structure and project site conditions to obtain a mooring and anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array.
4. A floating photovoltaic mooring anchor according to claim 1The system design method is characterized in that the wind load adopts a standard value with the reproduction period being a preset age, so that the design service life standard requirement of the target floating photovoltaic array is not lower than the preset age, and the wind load F borne by the target floating photovoltaic array wind The formula is as follows:
v n ＝β z μ s μ z ω n ＝β z μ s μ z [ω 10 +(ω 100 -ω 10 )(lnn/ln10-1)]
F wind ＝v n A p sinθ
in the formula, v n Represents the wind load standard value and beta of the reproduction period of a preset period of n years z Represents the wind vibration coefficient at the height z, mu s Represents the model coefficient, mu of wind load z Representing the coefficient of variation, ω, of the wind pressure altitude 10 Represents the basic wind pressure, omega, of 10 years of reproduction period 100 Representing the basic wind pressure of 100 years of reproduction period; a is that p And the area of the photovoltaic component in the target floating photovoltaic array is represented, and theta represents the inclination angle of the photovoltaic component in the target floating photovoltaic array.
5. The method for designing a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein the target floating photovoltaic array is subjected to wave load F wave The formula is as follows:
in which Q y Representing the longitudinal component of the wave force calculated by the floating body, Q x Representing the transverse component of the wave force calculated by the floating body, A x Represents the underwater transverse water blocking area of the floating body, A y The floating body underwater longitudinal water blocking area is represented by ρ, the water density is represented by g, the gravity acceleration is represented by h, the wave height with the guarantee rate of 5% in the wave system is represented by χ, the preset first coefficient is represented by η, and the preset second coefficient is represented by η. Wherein the second coefficient eta is preset by the maximum horizontal dimension alpha of the vertical direction profile of the wave force of the underwater part of the floating body 1 Determination of the ratio of the average wave height lambdaAnd (5) setting.
6. The method for designing a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein the target floating photovoltaic array is subjected to a water flow load F current The formula is as follows:
wherein ρ represents the density of water, C w Representing the water flow resistance coefficient, v current The water flow speed is represented, and A represents the projected area of the floating body and the water flow direction vertical plane.
7. The method for designing a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein the target floating photovoltaic array is subjected to a load combination effect F of a preset design load h The formula is as follows:
F h ＝1.2(F d +F f )+1.4F wind +0.7(1.5F wave +1.5F current +1.4F s )
wherein F is d Representing the self weight of a target floating photovoltaic array structure, F f Representing the buoyancy of the photovoltaic array structure, F wind Representing wind load, F wave Representing wave load, F current Representing the water flow load, F s Representing snow load, F d ＝F f ＝F s ＝0。
8. The method for designing a floating photovoltaic mooring and anchoring system according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the following steps are specifically performed:
step 3.1: based on the combined effect F of the load applied to the target floating photovoltaic array h In combination with the current choice of mooring structures, the number Q of mooring structures and thus the number of anchoring structures is obtained by the following formula:
wherein q represents the number of mooring ropes on one side of the target floating photovoltaic array as the number of mooring structures, alpha is the angle formed by the single-side mooring structures and the water bottom surface, F m Representing the breaking force corresponding to the current mooring structure selection;
step 3.2: checking the number of the structures based on the number of the mooring structures, and returning to the step 2 if the number of the structures exceeds the preset number of the structures; if the number of the structures does not exceed the number of the preset structures, executing the step 3.3;
step 3.3: performing anchoring check aiming at the anchoring structure, if the anchoring structure meets the requirement, determining the number of the anchoring structure and the anchoring structure, and obtaining the number of the anchoring structure and the anchoring structure, thereby obtaining a mooring anchoring system corresponding to the target floating photovoltaic array; if the anchoring structure does not meet the requirement, the number of the structures is increased, and the step 3.2 is returned.
9. A method of designing a floating photovoltaic mooring anchor system according to claim 8 wherein the anchor structure requirements are as follows:
wherein V is k Represents the standard value of the vertical component force of the anchoring structure, H k Representing the standard value of horizontal component force of the anchoring structure, q represents the number of mooring ropes on one side of the target floating photovoltaic array, alpha is the angle formed by the one-side mooring structure and the water bottom surface, F h And (5) representing the load combination effect of the preset design load action of the target floating photovoltaic array.
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