CN116586689A - Welding electrode repair knife and welding electrode repair tool - Google Patents

Welding electrode repair knife and welding electrode repair tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116586689A
CN116586689A CN202310700482.0A CN202310700482A CN116586689A CN 116586689 A CN116586689 A CN 116586689A CN 202310700482 A CN202310700482 A CN 202310700482A CN 116586689 A CN116586689 A CN 116586689A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cutting edge
welding electrode
blade
cutting
repair
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Pending
Application number
CN202310700482.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
白瑾瑜
杨上陆
王艳俊
陶武
殷琪安
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Application filed by Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS filed Critical Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
Priority to CN202310700482.0A priority Critical patent/CN116586689A/en
Publication of CN116586689A publication Critical patent/CN116586689A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D79/00Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a welding electrode repair knife, includes a plurality of cutting parts that extend outward by the center of rotation, and cutting part rotation forms the repair face, and wherein, cutting part includes a plurality of main cutting edges, is provided with the secondary cutting edge on at least one section main cutting edge, and the longer main cutting edge and the lower the sword relief angle of secondary cutting edge from the center of rotation. The grinding cutter can enable the cutting edges at the center and the outer side to be uniformly worn in the use process, so that the service life of the grinding cutter is prolonged, and the grinding quality is improved. The application also provides a welding electrode grinding tool.

Description

Welding electrode repair knife and welding electrode repair tool
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of welding, and particularly relates to a welding electrode repairing knife and a welding electrode repairing tool.
Background
With the increasing popularity of lightweight designs for automobiles, aluminum alloy spot welding processes have gained increasing use in automobile manufacturing. The problems of low strength, poor surface quality, serious splashing, electrode adhesion and the like easily occur in the welding process of the common flat head or arc head electrode under the influence of the physical properties of the aluminum alloy, so that the comprehensive performance of the aluminum alloy spot welding joint is inferior to that of a riveting joint. Patent CN110369848A discloses an electrode cap having annular concave-convex textures on the welding surface, which can improve the strength and the comprehensive performance of an aluminum alloy spot welding joint, and avoid splashing, bubbles and surface deformation. However, since the raised texture on the electrode cap surface always contacts the substrate to be welded before other portions, the main welding current is always applied at the initial stage of welding, so that the uneven texture on the electrode cap is easy to adhere, burn or wear, and a special grinding knife needs to be provided for trimming. When the existing repair knife is used for repairing and grinding the electrode cap with the complex surface characteristics, the accuracy is easily reduced due to uneven abrasion of different areas after long-term use, and the repair knife is scrapped in advance and even the electrode is damaged. Therefore, the durable coping knife has higher practical value for saving the maintenance cost of welding equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a welding electrode repair knife for complex surface features, which has a longer service life. The application also provides a welding electrode grinding tool.
According to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a welding electrode dressing tool comprising a plurality of cutting portions extending outwardly from a center of rotation, each of the cutting portions comprising a plurality of primary cutting edges, at least one of the primary cutting edges being provided with a secondary cutting edge, the primary cutting edge and secondary cutting edge rotating about the center of rotation to form a dressing surface, wherein the further the primary cutting edge and/or secondary cutting edge is from the center of rotation, the smaller the clearance angle of the cutting edge and/or secondary cutting edge is.
For welding electrodes with more complex welding surface structures, the coping knives need to be designed to match the welding surface, and coping knives with complex structures are often scrapped in advance due to uneven wear. The inventor finds that the reason for uneven wear of the coping knives is that the working conditions of different areas in the coping process are different through a great deal of researches and experiments: the cutting edge of the region close to the rotation center is slow in grinding speed and short in relative machining stroke, while the cutting edge of the region far from the rotation center is fast in grinding speed and long in relative machining stroke, so that the cutting edge far from the rotation center is easy to be worn out obviously, and accuracy is reduced. Through setting up the sword relief angle of different position cutting edges, make the cutting edge wearing and tearing that is close to rotation center accelerate relatively, keep away from rotation center's cutting edge wearing and tearing slow down relatively, can make the coping sword whole take place the loss with comparatively even speed to the life of extension coping sword.
Further, for the main cutting edge or the secondary cutting edge x mm from the rotation center, the relief angle f (x) thereof in degrees satisfies:
g 2 (x)<f(x)<g 1 (x) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
g 1 (x)=-0.025x 2 -0.64x+9.1,
g 2 (x)=0.008x 2 -0.4x+6。
the inventors found that: the larger the clearance angle of the cutter is, the sharper the cutting edge is, and the cutting abrasion is accelerated, but the risk of chipping the cutting edge is increased due to the excessive clearance angle of the cutter; the smaller the relief angle, the duller the cutting edge and the slower the cutting wear, but too low a relief angle may reduce the cutting efficiency and accuracy of the cutting edge. Therefore, a reasonable design of the relief angle of the cutting edge is required. Through a large number of theoretical analysis and experiments, the inventor calculates the numerical relation, and the cutting edge meeting the numerical relation has good cutting capability and can obtain uniform wear speed in the service process, so that the coping knife can keep higher precision for a long time.
Further, a plurality of the secondary cutting edges constitute a groove-like or prismatic shaped portion. The groove-shaped forming part is used for polishing the annular ridge protruding from the surface of the electrode, and the prismatic forming part is used for polishing the groove on the surface of the electrode.
Further, the edge line length of the main cutting edge is 1mm-15mm, and the edge line length of the secondary cutting edge is 0.1mm-1mm. The length of the blade line is adapted to the structural size of the electrode surface.
Further, the secondary cutting edge is provided with a recessed relief area on the rear side in the rotation direction. The arrangement of the avoidance area can avoid the mutual interference between the rear tool face and the annular ridge structure of the electrode to be cut in the rotation process of the cutting edge.
Further, the adjacent main cutting edge, the adjacent secondary cutting edge and the junction of the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge are provided with a rounding, and the rounding radius is 0.04mm-2mm. The rounding can reduce stress concentration of the cutting edge and prevent the cutting edge from cracking or tipping.
Further, each of the cutting portions is provided with 2-9 main cutting edges and 2-15 secondary cutting edges. The number of cutting edges is matched to the surface structure of the welding electrode to be ground.
Further, the included angle of the edge lines between the adjacent secondary cutting edges is 90 ° -160 °. The cutting edge clamp angle is too large, and the cutting efficiency is low; too small an edge clip angle, the cutting edge is easily and rapidly worn.
Further, two groups of cutting parts are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the welding electrode coping shaft. The two groups of cutting parts are respectively arranged at the two axial ends of the welding electrode repairing knife, so that the upper electrode and the lower electrode of one welding device can be synchronously polished, the efficiency is improved, the coaxiality of polishing processing is ensured, and the polishing precision is improved. The two sets of cutting portion structures at the two ends may be identical or different depending on the electrode structure.
According to an embodiment of another aspect of the present application, there is provided a welding electrode dressing tool comprising a dressing blade and a mount in which the dressing blade is mounted, wherein the dressing blade employs the welding electrode dressing blade of any of the previous embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a welding electrode coping cutter according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a cutting portion according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the partial enlarged structure of the area A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure B-B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a welding electrode coping cutter according to another embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a mounting state of a welding electrode grinding tool according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure after finishing polishing in an embodiment.
The above drawings are provided for the purpose of explaining the present application in detail so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For simplicity of explanation, the above-described drawings schematically illustrate only the structure related to the technical features of the present application, and do not strictly illustrate the complete structure and all the details to the actual scale.
Detailed Description
The application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of specific examples.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment herein. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments limited to the same embodiment. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments herein may be combined with other embodiments without structural conflict.
In the description herein, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be movably connected, fixedly connected, or integrally formed. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
In the description herein, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "transverse," "longitudinal," "height," "length," "width," and the like that indicate an azimuth or positional relationship are intended to accurately describe the embodiments and simplify the description, and do not limit the details or structures involved to having to have a particular azimuth, mount or operate in a particular azimuth, and are not to be construed as limiting embodiments herein.
In the description herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between different objects and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or defining the number, particular order, or primary and secondary relationships of the technical features described. In the description herein, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two.
An embodiment of one aspect of the present application provides an electrode repair blade 1 as shown in fig. 1 for machining a welding electrode as shown in fig. 7. The electrode dressing blade 1 comprises two blades 1a, 1b, the blades 1a, 1b are connected to each other at the rotation axis 15 of the dressing blade 1 to form a whole, such as by welding or integral forming, and the connection mode can be detachable in other embodiments. The inserts 1a, 1b are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation 15 and have the same structure (the same structure in the same position on the inserts 1a, 1b is not distinguished by the attached figures here), two cutting portions 11a and 11b are provided at one end of the inserts 1a, 1b, the cutting portions 11a, 11b each comprising three main cutting edges 111, 112 and 113. The electrode dressing blade 1 rotates in the direction indicated by arrow 10 in use, each cutting edge being provided on the side of the cutting portion 11a, 11b facing the electrode to be dressed. The end surface top view structure of the electrode repair blade 1 is shown in fig. 2, wherein the linear main cutting edge 111 is obliquely arranged to form or repair the inclined surface 31 of the edge of the welding electrode, and simultaneously plays a role of guiding; a straight or arcuate main cutting edge 112 for forming or grinding the electrode end face primary working face 32; the arcuate main cutting edge 113 is provided at a position close to the rotation axis 15 of the electrode dressing blade 1 for forming or dressing the concave structure 33 in the center of the welding electrode end face. The main cutting edge 111 is provided with a chip breaker groove 13 for cutting off cutting chips formed during the forming or grinding process so as not to affect the process. Three lower groove-like shaped portions 14a, 14b, 14c are provided in the region a of the main cutting edge 112 for forming or grinding a convex ring structure on the welding electrode end face. Referring to fig. 3, the forming portion 14a includes secondary cutting edges 141, 142 arranged in a V-shape for grinding the convex ring 321, the forming portion 14b includes secondary cutting edges 144, 145 arranged in a V-shape for grinding the convex ring 322, the forming portion 14c includes secondary cutting edges 147, 148 arranged in a V-shape for grinding the convex ring 323, the secondary cutting edge 143 for grinding the groove 324 between the convex rings 321, 322, and the secondary cutting edge 146 for grinding the groove 325 between the convex rings 322, 323. The junction of the planes of adjacent secondary cutting edges is provided as a fillet 140, the radius of the fillet 140 being set to 0.04mm-2mm, and in a preferred embodiment 0.06mm-1mm, depending on the structural dimensions and material. The same rounded corner structure is also provided between adjacent main cutting edges and between the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge.
The inventors have realized that during the sharpening of the welding electrode by rotating the sharpening blade about the rotation axis 15, the rotation linear speeds of the different cutting edges are different, the outer cutting edge has a high linear speed, the working distance is longer during the sharpening process, the wear is more remarkable, and the service life of the welding electrode sharpening blade is seriously affected by the non-uniformity of the wear degrees at different positions. Therefore, the relief angle of each cutting edge of the dressing blade 1 is specifically designed in the embodiment, and the further the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge are from the rotation axis 15, the smaller the value of the relief angle thereof is.
Specifically, in the preferred embodiment, taking the position of the midpoint of the edge line as a measurement reference, the distance between the cutting edge and the rotation axis 15 of the repair blade 1 is x mm, and then the clearance angle f (x) of the blade should satisfy the following in degrees:
g 2 (x)<f(x)<g 1 (x) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
g 1 (x)=-0.025x 2 -0.64x+9.1,
g 2 (x)=0.008x 2 -0.4x+6。
in embodiments, the rake angle of each primary cutting edge or secondary cutting edge is the same, and in some embodiments, the rake angle on the same cutting edge at different locations along the edge line may also be set to decrease with increasing distance from the axis of rotation 15.
According to actual test and fitting calculation, the numerical value of the tool relief angle meets the relation, otherwise, the numerical value of the tool relief angle is too small, the cutting efficiency is too low, and the cutting edge is easy to crack or wear when the numerical value of the tool relief angle is too large. Since the rotational linear velocity is proportional to the radius, the tool relief angle of the welding electrode repair tool for different sizes is suitable for the numerical relationship. Taking the secondary cutting edge 143 of fig. 3 as an example, the structure of a section B-B at the midpoint of the edge line is shown in fig. 4, and the distance between the section B and the rotation axis 15 of the dressing blade 1 is 4.0mm, and the angle α between the blade relief angle α, i.e., the angle between the flank surface and the cutting plane is about 4.5 ° -7 °, specifically, in the embodiment, is set to 6 °; by contrast, the position of the midpoint of the edge line of the main cutting edge 111 is 8mm from the axis of rotation 15, calculated to have a relief angle of the edge that should be between 3.3 ° and 5.5 °, in particular set to 4 ° in the example; the position of the midpoint of the edge line of the main cutting edge 113 is at a distance of 0.7mm from the axis of rotation 15, calculated to be the relief angle of the knife should be between 5.7 deg. -8.7 deg., in particular set at 8 deg. in the example. The rake angle settings of all the cutting edges are shown in table 1.
Cutting edge Distance from axis of rotation/mm Angle of blade relief/°
Major cutting edge 111 8.0 4
Major cutting edge 112 5.0 5
Secondary cutting edge 141 4.2 5
Secondary cutting edge 142 4.0 6
Secondary cutting edge 143 3.5 5
Secondary cutting edge 144 2.9 6
Secondary cutting edge 145 2.3 7
Secondary cutting edge 146 1.8 8
Secondary cutting edge 147 1.7 8
Secondary cutting edge 148 1.6 8
Major cutting edge 113 0.7 8
Table 1 cutting edge tool relief angle data
The shapes and arrangement positions of the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge are matched with the shape of the end face of the welding electrode to be sharpened, so that the sharpening surface formed by the rotation of the cutting part is consistent with the preset shape of the electrode surface to be sharpened. The length of the main cutting edge line is 1mm-15mm in the general embodiment, 1mm-8mm in the preferred embodiment, and the number of main cutting edges on each cutting part is 2-9; in a general embodiment the secondary cutting edge line length is in the range of 0.1mm-1mm, in a preferred embodiment 0.2mm-1mm, and the number of secondary cutting edges per cutting portion is in the range of 2-15. The included angle of the edge lines between the adjacent secondary cutting edges (i.e., the included angle between the edges of the front ends of the cutting edges in the rotational direction, such as the included angle β of the edge lines shown in fig. 3) is set to 80 ° -160 °, and too large an edge line clamping angle is unfavorable for the forming portion to exert the forming effect, while too small an edge line clamping angle easily causes rapid wear.
In a preferred embodiment, in order to avoid that the structure formed by the front cutting during rotation of the dressing blade 1 interferes with other structures on the dressing blade 1 during rotation of the blade head, resulting in the destruction of the structure produced by the dressing, relief areas 151, 152, 153 are provided at the rear side in the direction of rotation of the secondary cutting edge.
As shown in fig. 1, the dressing blade 1 has cutting portions 11a and 11b at one end and cutting portions 11c and 11d at the other end opposite to the rotation shaft 15, and the cutting portions 11c and 11d have the same structure as the cutting portions 11a and 11b, so that the cutting portions 11c and 11d can grind the lower electrode while the upper electrode is being ground by the cutting portions 11a and 11b, thereby improving grinding efficiency and ensuring grinding coaxial accuracy. In another embodiment as shown in fig. 5, the repair blade 1' is provided at one end with cutting portions 11' a and 11' b, respectively with five major cutting edges and nine minor cutting edges, the dimensional parameters of which are shown in table 2; the other end of the repair knife 1' is provided with cutting parts 11' c and 11'd, the cutting parts 11' c and 11'd adopt a common circular arc cutting edge and a linear cutting edge, and the repair knife can repair and grind a common flat-head welding electrode and is suitable for repairing and grinding a welding device with a convex ring structure as an upper electrode and a flat-head electrode as a lower electrode. In other embodiments, the cutting portions 11a, 11b and the secondary cutting portions 11c, 11d of the dressing blade 1 may be provided with primary and secondary cutting edges of different sizes, and the welding device with the asymmetric electrode may be dressed.
Table 2 cutting edge tool relief angle data
An embodiment of another aspect of the present application provides a welding electrode dressing tool, as shown in fig. 6, which includes a dressing blade 1 and a mounting seat 2, wherein the mounting seat 2 has a ring structure, two clamping blocks 21 are disposed inside, the dressing blade 1 is inserted into the mounting seat 2 and abuts against the front end surface of the clamping blocks 21 along the rotation direction, and a fixing bolt 22 is inserted into a mounting hole 12 of the dressing blade 1 to fixedly connect the dressing blade 1 with the mounting seat 2. The mounting seat 2 is mounted on a polishing device, so that the welding electrode can be polished. In other embodiments, the dressing blade 1 may also be configured to have an interference fit with the mounting block 2. The coping knife 1 can be replaced by detaching the fixing bolt 22. In the preferred embodiment, the mounting seat 2 is penetrated and provided with the repair knife 1, so that the cutting parts 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d at the two ends of the repair knife 1 are respectively exposed, the mounting seat 2 is connected to a driving device, the mounting seat 2 can be driven to drive the repair knife 1 to rotate, and the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the electrode to be repaired are respectively axially close to and abutted against the rotating repair knives from the two ends of the welding electrode repair tool, so that the repair of the welding electrode can be realized.
In other embodiments, the repair blade in the electrode repair tool may be provided with three or more repair parts, for example, three or more blades may be radially arranged around the rotation center and fixed, or the repair blade 1 having a plurality of repair parts may be manufactured integrally by punching or cutting, and correspondingly, the number of the clamping blocks 21 should be matched with the number of the repair parts.
The above-described embodiments are intended to explain the present application in further detail with reference to the figures so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present application. The structural optimization or equivalent replacement of the parts involved, and the implementation of the different embodiments without structural and principle conflicts, fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a welding electrode repair knife, includes a plurality of cutting parts that extend from the center of rotation outside, cutting part is rotatory around the center of rotation forms the repair face, its characterized in that, every cutting part includes multistage main cutting edge, is provided with the secondary cutting edge on at least one section the main cutting edge, the farther the distance from the center of rotation the main cutting edge and/or the lower the sword relief angle of secondary cutting edge.
2. The welding electrode repair blade of claim 1, wherein for a primary cutting edge or secondary cutting edge x mm from the center of rotation, the blade relief angle f (x) in degrees satisfies:
g 2 (x)<f(x)<g 1 (x) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
g 1 (x)=-0.025x 2 -0.64x+9.1,
g 2 (x)=0.008x 2 -0.4x+6。
3. the welding electrode repair blade of claim 1 or 2 wherein a plurality of said secondary cutting edges form a fluted or prismatic profile.
4. The welding electrode repair blade of claim 1 or 2, wherein the edge line length of the primary cutting edge is 1mm-15mm and the edge line length of the secondary cutting edge is 0.1mm-1mm.
5. The welding electrode repair blade according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the secondary cutting edge is provided with a relief zone on the rear side in the rotational direction.
6. The welding electrode repair blade according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that adjacent main cutting edges, adjacent secondary cutting edges and the junction of the main cutting edges and secondary cutting edges are provided with rounded corners, the rounded corner radius being 0.04mm-2mm.
7. The welding electrode repair blade of claim 1 or 2 wherein each cutting portion is provided with 2-9 primary cutting edges and 2-15 secondary cutting edges.
8. The welding electrode repair blade of claim 1 or 2 wherein the angle of the blade line between adjacent secondary cutting edges is 80 ° to 160 °.
9. The welding electrode dressing tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two sets of the cutting portions are provided at both axial ends of the welding electrode dressing tool shaft, respectively.
10. A welding electrode dressing tool comprising a dressing blade and a mounting seat in which the dressing blade is mounted, characterized in that the dressing blade employs the welding electrode dressing blade according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202310700482.0A 2023-06-13 2023-06-13 Welding electrode repair knife and welding electrode repair tool Pending CN116586689A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310700482.0A CN116586689A (en) 2023-06-13 2023-06-13 Welding electrode repair knife and welding electrode repair tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310700482.0A CN116586689A (en) 2023-06-13 2023-06-13 Welding electrode repair knife and welding electrode repair tool

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116586689A true CN116586689A (en) 2023-08-15

Family

ID=87608066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310700482.0A Pending CN116586689A (en) 2023-06-13 2023-06-13 Welding electrode repair knife and welding electrode repair tool

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116586689A (en)

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