CN116586456B - Processing method of superconductive composite ingot - Google Patents
Processing method of superconductive composite ingot Download PDFInfo
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- CN116586456B CN116586456B CN202310868854.0A CN202310868854A CN116586456B CN 116586456 B CN116586456 B CN 116586456B CN 202310868854 A CN202310868854 A CN 202310868854A CN 116586456 B CN116586456 B CN 116586456B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting material preparation, and discloses a processing method of a superconducting composite ingot. The invention provides a processing method of a superconducting composite ingot, which is used for heating and processing the superconducting composite ingot in the same batch, taking one of the superconducting composite ingots for drilling treatment, then detecting the heating parameters of the superconducting composite ingot in the same batch, and adopting the heating parameters to heat and process the superconducting composite ingot in the same batch. The invention solves the problems of unknown heating parameters of the superconducting material composite ingot, uneven temperature of the superconducting material composite ingot after heating or lower heating efficiency in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting material preparation, and discloses a processing method of a superconducting composite ingot.
Background
NbTi/Cu superconducting wire is an important component in MRI magnets, and conventional processing procedures include assembly, extrusion, and drawing. Among them, extrusion is an important means for realizing effective bonding and reducing of super-composite materials, and heating before extrusion occupies more than 95% of the time in the process, so how to efficiently obtain a superconductive composite ingot with uniform temperature before extrusion is particularly important. For NbTi/Cu superconducting composite ingots, the temperature difference of each point in the heating process is large due to the difference of thermal conductivity between NbTi and Cu and the existence of pores in the assembling process, and the simulation of heating parameters by a computer is very difficult. When the heating time is insufficient, the temperature of each point of the composite ingot is different, and the following risks exist in the extrusion process: 1. the NbTi core wires are unevenly deformed, and the Jc performance is lower; 2. layering is carried out in the extrusion process, and the finished wire yield is low; 3. there is a risk of squeezing "clunking vehicles". Too long heating time can seriously affect the production efficiency. Therefore, how to process the superconducting composite ingot, the heating process of the superconducting composite ingot is controlled, the problem of insufficient heating time or overlong heating time is avoided, and the method has important significance for mass production of NbTi/Cu superconducting wires.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a processing method of a superconducting composite ingot, which aims to solve the problems that the heating parameters of the superconducting composite ingot in the prior art are difficult to simulate, and the temperature of the heated superconducting composite ingot is uneven or the heating efficiency is low. The method provided by the invention can acquire the heating parameters of the superconducting material composite ingot in batch production, so that the heating parameters which can prevent the actual temperature difference of each point from being too large in the batch production of the superconducting material composite ingot are obtained, and the high-efficiency uniform heating of the superconducting material composite ingot before extrusion is realized.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention relates to a method for processing a superconducting composite ingot, for heating processing of superconducting composite ingots of the same batch in batch production of superconducting materials, comprising: selecting any one of the superconducting composite ingots in the same batch as a temperature-marking ingot;
the height of the target Wen Ding is H, and the diameter is D;
drilling 6 holes on the temperature-marked ingot, and axially marking the temperature-marked ingot as a, b, c, d, e and f in sequence;
a, b, c, d, e and f are perpendicular to the central axis of the mark Wen Ding, the axial distance between the adjacent holes in the axial direction is 1/5H, and the radial included angles formed between a, b, c or e, d and f are 120 degrees;
the depths of the a, b, c, D, e and f holes are respectively 10mm, 1/4D, 1/2D, 1/4D and 10mm;
heating the target Wen Ding, recording the temperature in the a, b, c, d, e and f holes, obtaining heating parameters, heating the superconducting composite ingot of the same batch by adopting the heating parameters, and then extruding and cold drawing to obtain the superconducting wire.
Further, in the processing method of the superconducting composite ingot provided by the invention, the superconducting composite ingot is a NbTi/Cu primary composite ingot or a NbTi/Cu secondary composite ingot.
Further, in the processing method of the superconducting composite ingot provided by the invention, the heating is step heating, the step heating comprises 3 sections of heating, the first section of heating temperature is lower than the target temperature, the second section of heating temperature is higher than the target temperature, the third section of heating temperature is equal to the target temperature, and the heating temperature and the time are recorded and used as parameters for heating the superconducting composite ingot in the same batch. The heating temperature of the first section is lower than the target temperature, so that the excessive heating speed is avoided, and the excessive temperature difference of each hole is avoided; the second heating temperature is higher than the target temperature, so that the speed is increased, and the heating time is reduced; the third stage heating temperature is equal to the target temperature so that the temperature of each hole uniformly reaches the target temperature.
Further, in the processing method of the superconducting composite ingot provided by the invention, the target temperature is T ℃, and the step heating comprises: setting the heating temperature to be 4/5T DEG C in the first stage, and enabling the lowest value of the a, b, c, d, e and f-hole temperatures to reach the set temperature (2/3 T+/-40) DEG C after the time T1; then, setting the heating temperature to be 2/3T ℃, and finishing the heating at the stage when the temperature of the a, b, c, d, e and the f holes is (2/3 T+/-20) ℃ after the time T2;
setting the temperature to be T+200 ℃ in the second stage, and enabling the highest values of the a, b, c, d, e and f-hole temperatures to reach (T+/-20) DEG C after time T3;
then, the heating temperature is set to be T ℃, and after the temperature of the a, b, c, d, e and f holes reaches (T+/-10) DEG C after the time T4, the heating is completed. The first section is provided with 2 times of heating at 4/5T ℃ and 2/3T ℃ respectively, so that the heating can be realized as soon as possible, and meanwhile, the actual temperature difference of each point is avoided being too large.
Further, in the method for processing a superconducting composite ingot provided by the invention, the method for heating the superconducting composite ingot in the same batch comprises the following steps: the initial setting temperature is 4/5T ℃; changing the set temperature to 2/3T ℃ in T1 min; at T2min, changing the set temperature to (T+200) DEG C; at T3min, changing the set temperature to T ℃; heating was completed at t4 min.
According to the invention, any composite ingot in batch production of superconducting materials is selected as a temperature-standard ingot, the actual measurement temperature of each point is monitored in real time by adopting a step heating mode, and the heating time is recorded, so that parameters of uniform heating of various composite materials can be effectively obtained, and the high-efficiency heating of the superconducting material composite ingot is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has at least the following beneficial effects or advantages:
according to the invention, any composite ingot in the batch production of the superconducting material is used as a temperature-standard ingot, a step heating mode is adopted, the actual measurement temperature of each point is monitored in real time, the heating time is recorded, the superconducting material prepared by the same method can be effectively obtained, the parameters of uniform heating can be obtained, and the efficient uniform heating of the superconducting material composite ingot is realized. After the heating parameters are obtained by the standard Wen Ding, the same type of compound ingots can be heated in batches, abnormal conditions such as vehicle stop and the like do not occur in the whole extrusion process, and the final yield is 85.3-87.5%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an expanded view of the drilling position along the axis of the a hole in the hot ingot in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the drilling location in a hot ingot in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heating parameter setting curve according to the present invention.
The reference numerals are explained as follows: a. b, c, d, e and f are different drilling positions in the index Wen Ding, and the arrows indicate the drilling depths.
Detailed Description
The following describes the technical aspects of the present invention with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The experimental methods and the detection methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The invention provides an implementation process for obtaining heating parameters of NbTi/Cu primary composite ingots.
S1, assembling an oxygen-free copper sheath with the specification of phi 305/phi 240 mm and an NbTi rod with the specification of phi 237 mm, and performing vacuum electron beam welding and hot isostatic pressing to obtain the NbTi/Cu primary composite ingot. The hot isostatic pressing parameters are that the heat preservation temperature is 620 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6 hours, and the pressure is 160MPa.
S2, drilling the NbTi/Cu composite ingot obtained in the step S1 according to the positions shown in the figures 1 and 2, and obtaining a temperature-marked ingot with the height of 900mm and the diameter of 300mm after totally drilling a, b, c, d, e and f with 6 holes with the diameter of phi 5 mm; the 6 holes (a, b, c, d, e and f) are perpendicular to the central axis of the temperature-marked ingot, the axial distance between the adjacent holes is 180mm, and the included angle between the adjacent holes is 120 degrees except that the included angle between c and d is 180 degrees. a. The depths of b, c, d, e and f-holes were 10mm, 75mm, 150mm, 75mm, 10mm, respectively.
S3, vertically placing the step S2 standard Wen Ding into a resistance furnace, and respectively inserting K-type thermocouples with the temperature measuring range of 0-1300 ℃ into the holes.
S4, starting heating, wherein the target temperature is 900 ℃, and carrying out step heating on the materials according to actual temperature change, wherein the step heating is shown in fig. 3.
The first stage sets the temperature to 720 ℃, and at 80min, the temperature at point c (the lowest temperature among 6 points) reaches 560 ℃, and then sets the temperature to 600 ℃; at the 100 th minute, the temperature of all positions is 580-620 ℃, and the heating at the stage is completed;
setting the temperature to 1100 ℃ in the second stage, wherein the highest value a of the 5-point temperature reaches 890 ℃ at 260 min;
then setting the temperature to 900 ℃, after the temperature of 5 points reaches (900+/-10) DEG C at 340min, finishing the heating of the composite ingot, and recording the heating time, the set temperature and the actually measured temperature change curve.
S5, in mass production, when the same type of NbTi/Cu composite ingot is heated, the parameters are as follows: the initial setting temperature is 720 ℃; changing the set temperature to 600 ℃ at 80 min; at 100min, changing the set temperature to 1100 ℃; at 260min, changing the set temperature to 900 ℃; heating is completed at 340min, then extrusion and cold drawing are carried out, and finally the NbTi/Cu composite wire rod is obtained.
After the heating parameters are obtained by the standard Wen Ding, the same type of compound ingots can be heated in batches, the abnormal conditions such as vehicle stop and the like do not occur in the whole extrusion process, and the final yield is 87.5%.
Example 2
The invention provides an implementation process for obtaining NbTi/Cu secondary composite ingot heating parameters.
S1, assembling an oxygen-free copper sheath with the specification of phi 188/phi 140mm and a single-core rod with the specification of H20mm, and performing vacuum electron beam welding and hot isostatic pressing to obtain the NbTi/Cu secondary composite ingot. The hot isostatic pressing parameters are that the heat preservation temperature is 620 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6 hours, and the pressure is 180MPa.
S2, drilling holes in the S1 NbTi/Cu composite ingot according to the positions shown in the figures 1 and 2, and obtaining a temperature-marked ingot with the height of 500mm and the diameter of 184mm after totally drilling a, b, c, d, e and f with 6 holes with the diameter of phi 3 mm; the 6 holes (a, b, c, d, e and f) are perpendicular to the central axis of the temperature-marked ingot, the axial distance between the adjacent holes is 100mm, and the included angle between the adjacent holes is 120 degrees except that the included angle between c and d is 180 degrees. a. The depths of b, c, d, e and f holes are 10mm, 46mm, 90mm, 46mm, 10mm, respectively.
S3, vertically placing the step S2 standard Wen Ding into a resistance furnace, and respectively inserting K-type thermocouples with the temperature measuring range of 0-1300 ℃ into the holes.
S4, starting heating, wherein the target temperature is 720 ℃, and carrying out step heating on the material according to actual temperature change, wherein the step heating is shown in fig. 3.
The first stage sets the temperature to 576 ℃, and at 50min, the d-point temperature (lowest temperature among 6 points) reaches 470 ℃, and then sets the temperature to 480 ℃; at 80min, the temperature of all positions is 460-500 ℃, and the heating at the stage is completed;
setting the temperature to 920 ℃ in the second stage, wherein the highest value f of the 5-point temperature reaches 710 ℃ in 150 min;
and then setting the temperature to 720 ℃, after the temperature of 5 points reaches (720+/-10) DEG C at 200min, finishing heating the composite ingot, and recording the heating time, the set temperature and the actually measured temperature change curve.
S5, in mass production, when the same type of NbTi/Cu composite ingot is heated, the parameters are as follows: the initial set temperature is 576 ℃; changing the set temperature to 480 ℃ at 50 min; at 80min, changing the set temperature to 920 ℃; at 150min, changing the set temperature to 720 ℃; heating is completed at 200min, and then extrusion and cold drawing are carried out, so that the NbTi/Cu composite wire rod is finally obtained.
After the heating parameters are obtained by the standard Wen Ding, the same type of compound ingots can be heated in batches, the abnormal conditions such as vehicle stop and the like do not occur in the whole extrusion process, and the final yield is 86.3%.
As described above, the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are better described. The above examples and description are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and various changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A processing method of superconducting composite ingot is used for heating and processing superconducting composite ingot of the same batch in batch production of superconducting materials, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting any one of the superconducting composite ingots in the same batch as a temperature-marking ingot;
the height of the target Wen Ding is H, and the diameter is D;
drilling 6 holes on the temperature-marked ingot, and axially marking the temperature-marked ingot as a, b, c, d, e and f in sequence;
a, b, c, d, e and f are perpendicular to the central axis of the mark Wen Ding, the axial distance between the adjacent holes in the axial direction is 1/5H, the radial included angles formed between a, b and c or between e, d and f are 120 degrees, and the included angle between c and d is 180 degrees;
the depths of the a, b, c, D, e and f holes are respectively 10mm, 1/4D, 1/2D, 1/4D and 10mm;
heating the target Wen Ding, recording the temperatures in the a, b, c, d, e and f holes to obtain heating parameters, heating the superconducting composite ingot of the same batch by adopting the heating parameters, and then extruding and cold drawing to obtain a superconducting wire;
the heating is step heating, the step heating comprises 3 sections of heating, the first section of heating temperature is lower than the target temperature, the second section of heating temperature is higher than the target temperature, the third section of heating temperature is equal to the target temperature, and the heating temperature and the time are recorded and used as parameters for heating the superconducting composite ingots in the same batch;
the target temperature is T ℃, and the step heating comprises: setting the heating temperature to be 4/5T ℃ in the first stage, and enabling the lowest value of the a, b, c, d, e and f-hole temperatures to reach the set temperature of 2/3 T+/-40 ℃ after the time T1; then, setting the heating temperature to be 2/3T ℃, and finishing the heating at the stage when the temperature of the a, b, c, d, e and the f holes is 2/3 T+/-20 ℃ after the time T2; setting the temperature to be T+200 ℃ in the second stage, and enabling the highest values of the a, b, c, d, e and f-hole temperatures to reach T+/-20 ℃ after the time T3;
then, the heating temperature is set to be T ℃, and after the temperature of the a, b, c, d, e and f holes reaches T+/-10 ℃ after the time T4, the heating is completed.
2. The method of processing a superconducting composite ingot according to claim 1, wherein the superconducting composite ingot is a primary NbTi/Cu composite ingot or a secondary NbTi/Cu composite ingot.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of heating the same batch of superconducting composite ingots comprises: the initial setting temperature is 4/5T ℃; changing the set temperature to 2/3T ℃ in T1 min; at T2min, changing the set temperature to be T+200 ℃; at T3min, changing the set temperature to T ℃; heating was completed at t4 min.
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| CN111952008A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-17 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing NbTi/Cu superconducting wire by powder metallurgy method |
| CN112453090A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-09 | 山东大学 | Real-time online heating constant-temperature equal-channel angular extrusion device and method |
| CN113828647A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for gradient heating thixoextrusion forming of conical nut part |
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