CN116585909A - Iron-based photo-thermal conversion film and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Iron-based photo-thermal conversion film and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116585909A CN116585909A CN202310864575.7A CN202310864575A CN116585909A CN 116585909 A CN116585909 A CN 116585909A CN 202310864575 A CN202310864575 A CN 202310864575A CN 116585909 A CN116585909 A CN 116585909A
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- iron
- conversion film
- photothermal conversion
- photothermal
- nanowire
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 285
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- XQAXGZLFSSPBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-M [7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-3-ylidene]-dimethylazanium;chloride;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Cl-].C1=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C2SC3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 XQAXGZLFSSPBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- PDWBGRKARJFJGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 PDWBGRKARJFJGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- MDEGNXJQYYHASU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane gold Chemical compound [Au].O=[Si]=O MDEGNXJQYYHASU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002173 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002122 magnetic nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/36—Polytetrafluoroethene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
- B01D71/0223—Group 8, 9 or 10 metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/04—Glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/43—Specific optical properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/003—Wastewater from hospitals, laboratories and the like, heavily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an iron-based photo-thermal conversion film, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photo-thermal conversion. The iron-based photothermal conversion film provided by the invention comprises: a substrate, which is a hydrophilic film; a photothermal conversion material supported on the substrate surface, the photothermal conversion material comprising an iron-based nanowire; the preparation method of the iron-based nanowire comprises the following steps: D1. carrying out solvothermal reaction on a mixture of nitrilotriacetic acid and ferrous salt; D2. and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the solid reaction product obtained in the step D1. The iron-based light-heat conversion film provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, environmental friendliness, high absorbance and high light-heat conversion efficiency due to the selection of the materials of all the components. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the iron-based light-heat conversion film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photo-thermal conversion, and particularly relates to an iron-based photo-thermal conversion film, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Under the great background of rapid development of chemical industry, medicine industry, biology industry and the like, the demand of water as a raw material, a cleaning agent and a reaction medium is increasing. Water resource purification and recovery technology has received great attention. The mature water treatment technology at the present stage has a plurality of technologies, such as biological treatment method, physical adsorption method, ion exchange resin and reverse osmosis technology, but the recovery method has the defects of larger equipment investment, larger energy consumption, high recovery cost, long recovery flow and the like.
In order to overcome the above drawbacks, researchers have proposed the use of membrane separation techniques to separate the different components of water. The membrane separation technology is an emerging technology and has the advantages of low energy consumption, simple equipment, convenient operation, high separation efficiency and the like. At present, membrane separation is used for replacing traditional methods of rectification, adsorption, filtration and the like in various systems, such as oil-water separation, gas separation, alcohol-water separation, water treatment, sea water desalination and the like. The basic principle of the membrane separation technology is that under the osmosis action of the membrane, the chemical potential difference or energy difference at two sides of the membrane is used as the mass transfer driving force of the separation process to separate and purify the mixed gas phase or liquid phase to concentrate the membrane. The membrane separation reduces the investment of equipment cost to a great extent. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional extraction, absorption-desorption and other technologies, the method has the advantages that the separation is easier because the third component is not introduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced. Therefore, the application of the membrane separation technology in separation engineering is becoming widespread. However, the realization of membrane separation also requires a certain energy consumption, and has a great demand for energy and a severe demand for membranes, and the preparation cost of many membrane modules is high.
Based on this, it is an important task to find a more energy-saving and efficient water resource purification and recovery method for removing impurities such as dyes and metal ions in water.
Among all renewable energy sources, solar energy is considered as the most promising option to meet human energy demands. The solar energy interface evaporation water treatment is a reliable, environment-friendly and low-cost technology for realizing the photo-thermal conversion process by utilizing solar energy. The interface evaporation system is characterized by light-heat conversion, heat management, water and steam delivery, high integration of peripheral devices and fine design, and can more efficiently and rapidly absorb water from a blocky water body or even the atmosphere and generate steam through heat energy converted by solar energy by virtue of technologies such as microstructure photonics, thermal structure design, material modification processing, mechanical design and the like. Because the contact area with the water body is small, and the water evaporation process only occurs at the water-gas interface, the heat can be avoided to the greatest extent to heat the water body, the heat loss is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved.
The research of the photo-thermal conversion film material becomes a trend by combining the advantages of the traditional film separation and solar energy interface evaporation.
In order to obtain a higher water evaporation rate and thus more effectively improve the working efficiency of the interfacial evaporation water treatment technology, it is required to develop a photothermal conversion film capable of achieving broadband and efficient light absorption in the solar spectrum range. The metal-based material generates an enhanced near electric field due to the interaction between the plasmon effect and the incident photons, and forms local hot spots with sub-wavelength scale, so that the metal nano structure can obtain stronger light absorption performance. Therefore, metal-based photothermal conversion materials are currently becoming a big research hotspot.
The metal materials disclosed in the related report and applicable to the interfacial evaporation water treatment technology comprise gold nanoparticles, gold-silicon dioxide composite micro-nano particles, gold-graphene composite micro-nano particles, silver nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles, MOF-Ag nano sheets and the like. However, the metal-based materials which are proved to be feasible at present generally have the defects of high price, complex preparation flow, low evaporation rate and the like.
To overcome the above problems, there are attempts to use a general transition metal material in the cross-section evaporative water treatment technique. For example, the technology discloses a manganese oxide-biochar composite material, but the preparation process of the composite material is overlong and the cost is higher; the invention also discloses a wood-based composite material with a magnetic nanoparticle coating and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method is simple, but the water evaporation rate and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency are low.
In summary, there is still a need to develop a simple, low-cost and environmentally friendly metal-based photothermal conversion film, which has the advantages of high absorbance, high evaporation rate and Gao Guangre conversion efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides the iron-based photo-thermal conversion film which has the advantages of low cost, environmental friendliness, high light absorbance, high evaporation rate and high photo-thermal conversion efficiency.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the iron-based light-heat conversion film.
The invention also provides a photothermal converter with the iron-based photothermal conversion film.
The invention also provides application of the photothermal converter in water treatment and solvent purification.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an iron-based photothermal conversion film comprising:
a substrate, which is a hydrophilic film;
the light-heat conversion material is arranged on the surface of the substrate and comprises iron-based nanowires;
the preparation method of the iron-based nanowire comprises the following steps:
D1. carrying out solvothermal reaction on a mixture of nitrilotriacetic acid and ferrous salt;
D2. and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the solid reaction product obtained in the step D1.
The iron-based photothermal conversion film according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects:
(1) In the iron-based photothermal conversion film provided by the invention, the adopted photothermal conversion material is the iron-based nanowire, and compared with noble metal nanoparticles such as Au, ag, cu and the like, the material cost is lower. Compared with an organic light-heat conversion material which is easy to decompose, the light-heat conversion material adopted by the invention has higher stability and environmental friendliness.
(2) The invention adopts the nano linear photo-thermal conversion materials, and pore structures can be constructed by mutually stacking the nano linear photo-thermal conversion materials, so that the refraction and reflection of light in the iron-based photo-thermal conversion film can be effectively enhanced, and a space can be reserved for dissipation of generated water vapor (or other solvent vapors), thereby enhancing the evaporation rate and efficiency of the iron-based photo-thermal conversion film.
(3) The preparation condition of the iron-based nanowire is simple, and the corresponding iron-based nanowire can be obtained by heat treatment of the organic metal complex product in a specific atmosphere. Therefore, the preparation process and the preparation cost of the iron-based light-heat conversion film can be effectively reduced.
(4) The iron-based photothermal conversion film provided by the invention has the absorbance of more than or equal to 95 percent (up to 95.72 percent) within the range of 280-2500 nm, which exceeds commercial materials with mature technology in the market, and the cost is lower.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrophilic membrane comprises at least one of glass fiber, organic nylon or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene).
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydrophilic membrane comprises glass fibers. Therefore, the hydrophilic film is formed by stacking and interweaving nano fibers and is combined with the nano linear iron-based nanowires, refraction and reflection of light in the iron-based photothermal conversion film can be further enhanced, space can be reserved for dissipation of generated water vapor, and evaporation rate and efficiency of the iron-based photothermal conversion film are enhanced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the length of the iron-based nanowire is 4-150 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the iron-based nanowires have a length of 10-20 μm.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the iron-based nanowire is 40-500 nm.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the iron-based nanowire is 200 to 300nm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the material of the iron-based nanowire comprises at least one of iron oxide and an iron-carbon nanocomposite. Wherein, the specific material composition of the iron-based nanowire is related to the preparation method thereof.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the iron-carbon composite material has an iron content of 30 to 90wt%.
When the sun illumination is simulated, in the iron-carbon composite material, due to the synergistic effect of the iron simple substance and carbon, the metal plasmon effect and the thermal vibration effect of the carbon material can simultaneously occur on the surface, and the metal plasmon effect and the thermal vibration effect of the carbon material can both promote the absorption of the material to light. The iron-based nanowire made of the iron-carbon composite material has extremely strong light absorption performance by combining the nanowire-shaped structure.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the method of preparing the iron-based nanowire includes the steps of:
D1. carrying out solvothermal reaction on a mixture of nitrilotriacetic acid and ferrous salt;
D2. and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the solid reaction product obtained in the step D1.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step D1, the solvent employed for the solvothermal reaction comprises water and isopropanol.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the volume concentration of the isopropanol in the solvent used in the solvothermal reaction is 10-90%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the volume concentration of the isopropanol in the solvent is 11-15%.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step D1, the ferrous salt comprises at least one of ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, and hydrates thereof. Ferrous salt can be adopted to complex with nitrilotriacetic acid, so that a linear solid product is formed; the iron-based nanowires inherit the morphology of the solid product here.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step D1, the molar ratio of nitrilotriacetic acid to ferrous salt is 1:2-4. For example, the ratio may be 1:2.5 to 3.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step D1, the molar concentration of the ferrous salt is 0.05-0.2 mol/L. For example, the concentration may be specifically 0.1 to 0.15mol/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step D1, the method of formulating the mixture for the solvothermal reaction comprises mixing the ferrous salt, nitrilotriacetic acid, and solvent. Wherein the method of mixing comprises stirring. The mixing time is 0.5-1.5 h. For example, it may be about 1 hour.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step D1, the solvothermal reaction temperature is 100 to 200 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step D1, the solvothermal reaction temperature is 150 to 190 ℃. For example, it may be about 180 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step D1, the duration of the solvothermal reaction is 0.5 to 36 hours.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step D1, the duration of the solvothermal reaction is 20 to 25 hours. For example, it may be about 24 hours.
In some embodiments of the invention, step D1 further comprises washing and drying the resulting solid product after the solvothermal reaction. Specifically, the washing includes ethanol washing. Whereby the formation of iron hydroxide by hydrolysis of residual iron ions can be avoided. The cleaning times are 1-3 times. Further, the drying includes at least one of air blast drying and vacuum drying. The drying temperature is 60-100 ℃; for example, it may be about 80 ℃.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step D2, the heat-treated atmosphere comprises at least one of a shielding gas and oxygen. When oxygen is included in the atmosphere, iron oxide is included in the iron-based nanowire; if the atmosphere includes only the shielding gas, the main component of the iron-based nanowire includes the iron-carbon composite material, and at this time, nitrilotriacetic acid is carbonized as a ligand during the heat treatment to form pyrolytic carbon, which also has a reducing effect, thereby largely ensuring that iron exists in a simple substance form.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step D2, the apparatus for heat treatment includes an atmosphere in a flowing state, or the apparatus is in a sealed state, in which the atmosphere for heat treatment is sealed. The means is not limited as long as a specific atmosphere is satisfied, and the flow rate of the atmosphere may be adjusted according to the apparatus used and the throughput.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step D2, the temperature of the heat treatment is 500 to 800 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step D1, the temperature of the heat treatment is 550 to 650 ℃. For example, it may be about 600 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step D2, the time of the heat treatment is 2 to 4 hours. For example, it may be about 3 hours.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step D2, the heating rate of the heat treatment is 3 to 10 ℃/min. For example, it may be about 5℃per minute.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method of preparing an iron-based nanowire further comprises grinding to obtain a solid after the heat treatment.
In some embodiments of the invention, the iron-based photothermal conversion film further comprises a binder. The adhesive is coated on the surface of the substrate and is used for improving the adhesion strength between the iron-based nanowires and the substrate. Because the binder is introduced, the iron-based light-heat conversion film has good wear resistance and can also enhance the stability of the material.
In some embodiments of the invention, the binder comprises at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the iron-based photothermal conversion filmThe load capacity of the iron-based nanowire is 0.5-1.5 mg/cm 2 。
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the iron-based photothermal conversion film, the loading amount of the iron-based nanowires is 0.7-1.3 mg/cm 2 。
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the iron-based photothermal conversion film, the loading amount of the iron-based nanowires is 0.9 to 1.1mg/cm 2 。
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the binder to the iron-based nanowires is 1-30:100. For example, the ratio may be 3 to 8:100. And more specifically may be about 1:20.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing the iron-based photothermal conversion film, the method comprising applying a slurry comprising the iron-based nanowires to a surface of the substrate and drying.
The preparation method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects:
the preparation method provided by the invention is simple to operate, low in energy consumption and easy for large-scale preparation.
In some embodiments of the invention, the slurry further comprises a binder and a solvent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the binder comprises at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The adhesive can enable the iron-based nanowires to be tightly adhered to the surface of the substrate, and improves the mechanical stability of the iron-based photothermal conversion film.
In some embodiments of the invention, the solvent is one of water, N-methylpyrrolidone, and ethanol.
In some embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the iron-based nanowires in the slurry is 0.1-10 g/L. For example, the concentration may be specifically 0.2 to 0.3g/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the slurry is formulated by mixing the iron-based nanowires, binder, and solvent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the slurry is prepared by mixing the iron-based nanowires, binder, and a portion of the solvent, and diluting the resulting mixture with the remaining solvent. Thereby, accurate quantification of the iron-based nanowires in the slurry (higher concentration, small mass weighing error of the iron-based nanowires) and uniform loading of the iron-based nanowires on the substrate (large volume of slurry, uniform loading) can be realized.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method of coating is at least one of suction filtration, knife coating, spray coating, and spin coating.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a photothermal converter including the iron-based photothermal conversion film.
Since the photothermal converter employs the iron-based photothermal conversion film, all advantages of the iron-based photothermal conversion film are possessed.
In some embodiments of the invention, the structure of the photothermal converter comprises:
an iron-based photothermal conversion film;
one end of the liquid transmission channel is connected with the iron-based light-heat conversion film, and the other end of the liquid transmission channel is immersed in the liquid to be treated;
the heat insulation layer is positioned between the upper liquid level of the liquid to be treated and the iron-based light-heat conversion film, and a through hole is formed in the heat insulation layer; the liquid transport passage passes through the through hole.
Therefore, the liquid transmission channel can transmit the liquid to be treated into the iron-based light-heat conversion film for evaporation; and the heat insulation layer can avoid heat loss generated in the iron-based light-heat conversion film, and improves the evaporation capacity of liquid.
In some embodiments of the invention, the liquid transport channel material is cotton.
In some embodiments of the invention, the heat insulating layer is made of sponge foam.
In some embodiments of the invention, the insulating layer is not in contact with the iron-based photothermal conversion film. Whereby the heat insulating performance can be increased.
In some embodiments of the invention, the geometric center of the iron-based photothermal conversion film falls within a contact range of the iron-based photothermal conversion film and the liquid transport channel.
According to the photothermal converter provided by the invention, the direct contact between the liquid to be treated (such as water or an organic solvent) and the iron-based photothermal conversion film (light absorption layer) is reduced by utilizing the local heating principle, and compared with the traditional integral heating mode, the photothermal converter can effectively reduce heat loss and realize higher photothermal conversion water evaporation efficiency.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the photothermal converter in water treatment and solvent purification.
In some embodiments of the invention, the use in water treatment includes use in interfacial evaporation water treatment.
In some embodiments of the invention, the application in water treatment is in a range of applications including at least one of seawater, industrial wastewater, domestic wastewater and medical wastewater.
In some embodiments of the invention, the application in water treatment is in a range including at least one of heavy metal ion wastewater, organic dye wastewater, and high concentration brine. In the application process, the impurity removal rate is higher, and the application prospect is wide.
In some embodiments of the invention, the use in water treatment comprises illuminating the photothermal converter with a source of sunlight. Specifically, the iron-based photothermal conversion film is irradiated.
The term "about" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, means that the tolerance is within + -2%, for example, about 100 is actually 100 + -2%. Times.100.
Unless otherwise specified, the term "between … …" in the present invention includes the present number, for example "between 2 and 3" includes the end values of 2 and 3.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photothermal converter according to embodiment 9 to 16 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of the iron-based nanowires obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image of the iron-based nanowires obtained in example 9 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows the evaporation rate of pure water by the photothermal transducers according to examples 9 to 13 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows XRD patterns of the iron-based nanowire powders obtained in examples 1 and 6 to 7 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an XRD pattern of the iron-based nanowire obtained in example 8 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an absorption spectrum of the photothermal conversion films obtained in example 1, example 8 and comparative examples 2 to 3 of the present invention in a wet state.
FIG. 8 shows the light-to-heat conversion film in the light-to-heat converters of example 9, example 16 and comparative examples 4 to 5 of the present invention at 1 solar light intensity of 1kW/m 2 And (5) a surface temperature change chart in the evaporation process for 1h under illumination.
FIG. 9 shows the photothermal converters of examples 9, 16 and comparative examples 4 to 5 of the present invention at 1kW/m 2 And the water loss curve is used for the water body weight loss curve when the solar interface evaporation water treatment is performed under illumination.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the water treatment at 1kW/m for the photothermal converter according to example 9 of the present invention 2 And (3) purifying performance diagram of the organic dye wastewater containing methylene blue under illumination.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the result of example 9 of the present invention, in which the photothermal conversion is carried out at 1kW/m in the treatment of industrial wastewater containing actual heavy metals 2 And (5) removing performance diagram of heavy metal ions under illumination.
Reference numerals:
the liquid to be treated 100, the liquid transmission channel 200, the heat insulation layer 300, the iron-based light-heat conversion film 400 and the light source 500.
Detailed Description
The conception and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments below to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Examples of embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements throughout or elements having like or similar functionality. In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
Example 1
The embodiment prepares the iron-based light-heat conversion film, which comprises the following specific processes:
A1. weighing 0.6000g nitrilotriacetic acid (CAS: 139-13-9), 1.2493g ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, weighing 52.5mL deionized water and 7.5mL isopropyl alcohol, adding into a polytetrafluoroethylene hydrothermal kettle liner, magnetically stirring at 400rpm for 1h, adding a stainless steel water heating kettle, and reacting in a 180 ℃ oven for 24h;
A2. after the hydrothermal kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, transferring the reaction product into a beaker, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 0.5h, rinsing with 500mL of ethanol, performing suction filtration, and repeating the steps for two other times; finally, the obtained product is dried in a baking oven at 70 ℃;
A3. carrying out heat treatment on the obtained product by using a tubular furnace filled with argon, controlling the speed of the argon to be 200mL/min, the heating rate to be 5 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature and time to be 600 ℃/2h, and taking out the product after the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain a nano linear iron-carbon composite material (marked as Fe/C);
A4. 60mg of the iron-carbon composite material and 3mg of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are added into 30mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and stirred for 1h at room temperature to prepare primary slurry;
A5. dispersing the primary slurry by using 300mL of ethanol to obtain secondary slurry; and loading the secondary slurry on the surface of the glass fiber membrane in a vacuum filtration mode, and drying in an oven to obtain the iron-based light-heat conversion membrane.
The loading capacity of the iron-based nanowires in the iron-based photothermal conversion film can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio between the area of the glass fiber film and the dosage of the secondary sizing agent, and the loading capacity in the example is 1.0mg/cm 2 。
Examples 2 to 5 respectively prepare an iron-based photothermal conversion film, and the specific process differs from that of example 1 in that:
in the obtained iron-based photothermal conversion film, the loading amounts of the iron-based nanowires are different, and the specific is that:
example 2 has a loading of 0.6mg/cm 2 The loading of example 3 was 0.8mg/cm 2 The loading of example 4 was 1.2mg/cm 2 The loading of example 5 was 1.4mg/cm 2 。
Examples 6 to 7 respectively prepare an iron-based photothermal conversion film, and the specific process differs from that of example 1 in that:
in the step A3, the heat preservation temperatures are different, specifically:
the soak temperature for example 6 was 500℃and for example 7 was 700 ℃.
Example 8
The difference between the specific process and the specific process of the embodiment 1 is that:
in the step A3, the obtained product is subjected to heat treatment at 500 ℃ for 2 hours by a muffle furnace (without argon protection and air atmosphere) to obtain nano-linear ferric oxide (marked as Fe) 2 O 3 )。
Example 9
The embodiment provides a photothermal converter, as shown in fig. 1, and specific components and connection relationships are as follows:
an iron-based photothermal conversion film 400, the iron-based photothermal conversion film 400 used in this example is derived from example 1 (also referred to as a photothermal absorption layer); when in use, the iron-based photothermal conversion film 400 faces the light source 500;
a liquid transfer channel 200, wherein the material of the liquid transfer channel 200 is cotton, one end of the liquid transfer channel is in contact with the iron-based photothermal conversion film 400, and the other end of the liquid transfer channel is immersed in the liquid 100 to be treated in the beaker;
the heat insulating layer 300 is made of melamine foam, and is placed on the beaker and parallel to the iron-based photothermal conversion film 400, and is positioned between the upper liquid surface of the liquid 100 to be treated and the iron-based photothermal conversion film 400, and is penetrated by the liquid transmission channel 200.
Embodiments 10 to 16 respectively provide a photothermal converter, which is different from embodiment 9 specifically:
the iron-based photothermal conversion films 400 used in examples 10 to 16 were from examples 2 to 8.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example shows a photothermal conversion film, which differs from example 9 specifically in that:
the iron-based photothermal conversion film 400 in example 9 was replaced with a blank glass fiber film, which was the same as the glass fiber film used in step A5 of example 1.
Comparative example 2 was temporarily free of other solvents such as ethanol, n-propanol, etc.
This comparative example provides a photothermal conversion film, the specific procedure differs from that of example 1 in that:
(1) The method does not comprise the steps A1 to A3;
(2) In step A4, fe/C was replaced with commercial carbon black of equal mass Super-P (designated Super-P).
Comparative example 3
This comparative example produced a photothermal conversion film, the specific procedure being different from example 1 in that:
the following steps are added between the step A3 and the step A4:
and (3) etching the Fe/C nanowire obtained in the step (A3) for 24 hours by adopting 2mol/L hydrochloric acid, and marking as Fe/C-Etch.
And in the subsequent step, fe/C-Etch is used for replacing Fe/C with equal quality.
Comparative example 4
There is provided a photothermal converter, specifically differing from embodiment 9 in that:
the iron-based photothermal conversion film 400 was replaced with the photothermal conversion film obtained in comparative example 2.
Comparative example 5
There is provided a photothermal converter, specifically differing from embodiment 9 in that:
the iron-based photothermal conversion film 400 was replaced with the photothermal conversion film obtained in comparative example 3.
Test examples
This test example first aspect tests the morphology of the iron-based nanowires obtained in example 1 and example 9 by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The result shows that the iron-carbon nanowire obtained in the embodiment 1 has a longer length of 4-20 mu m and is in clustered tight arrangement; fe obtained in example 9 2 O 3 The length is below 10 mu m; the diameter of the iron-based nanowires obtained in example 1 and example 9 ranges from 200 to 500nm. Therefore, the linear structure of the iron-based nanowire obtained in example 9 is significantly reduced and the aspect ratio is reduced as compared with the iron-based nanowire obtained in example 1. The specific results are shown in fig. 2-3.
The second aspect of this test example tested the evaporation rate of water (pure water as the liquid to be treated) in the photothermal transducers obtained in examples 9 to 13. The results show that in the iron-based photothermal conversion film obtained according to the methods of examples 1 to 5, when the loading amount of the iron-based nanowires was 1.0mg/cm 2 The evaporation rate of pure water was 2.6kg/m at the highest 2 h, the reason is that the membrane pore canal can be blocked by excessive membrane load, so that the transmission of water and gas is influenced, and the evaporation rate is further influenced. The specific test results are shown in fig. 4.
The third aspect of this test example tests the composition of the iron-based nanowires obtained in example 1 and examples 6 to 8. The results of XRD testing showed that: at a sintering temperature of 600 ℃, the crystallinity of the iron-carbon composite is best. The test results are shown in fig. 5; HR-TEM testing showed that the iron-carbon composite showed characteristic lattice fringes of elemental iron, thereby further confirming that iron exists as crystalline elemental iron in the iron-carbon composite. EDS tests show that a significant amount of carbon is also included in the iron-carbon composite. From this, it was confirmed that when the atmosphere obtained in step A3 is an inert gas, the obtained iron-based nanowire is a nanowire-shaped composite material composed of elemental iron and elemental carbon. The XRD pattern of the iron-based nanowires obtained in example 8 was well matched with the standard pattern of iron oxide. The test results are shown in fig. 6.
In the fourth aspect of this test example, absorption spectra of the four photothermal conversion films obtained in example 1, example 8 and comparative examples 2 to 3 under wet conditions were measured. The test results showed that the light-heat conversion films prepared in example 1, example 8 and comparative examples 2 to 3 had absorbance values of 95.72%, 73.95%, 91.44% and 94.15%, respectively, in the spectral range of 280 to 2500 nm. The results show that the photothermal conversion film prepared by taking the nano linear iron-carbon composite material as the light absorption material in the embodiment 1 of the invention has the light absorption capacity of more than 95% under the synergistic effect of the metal plasmon effect and the thermal vibration effect of the carbon material, and is superior to the embodiment 8 which takes the semiconductor non-radiative relaxation effect as the photothermal conversion mechanism and the comparative examples 2 and 3 which take the thermal vibration effect of the pure carbon material as the photothermal conversion mechanism. In example 1 provided by the invention, elemental iron and carbon act synergistically to increase absorbance. The specific test results are shown in fig. 7.
The fifth aspect of the test example tested the photothermal converters obtained in example 9, example 16 and comparative examples 4 to 5 for a temperature change of the photothermal conversion film within 1 hour when the solar interface was used for evaporating pure water; the specific process is as follows: adjusting xenon lamp of the analog light source to ensure that the illumination intensity reaching the surface of the photo-thermal conversion film is 1kW/m 2 The temperature of the film surface was then tested using an infrared gun at 0min, 2min, 10min, 30min and 60min of light, respectively. The four photothermal conversion films were all capable of rapidly increasing temperature within 2min from the start of evaporation, and when 60min was reached, the Fe/C film of example 1 had a maximum film surface temperature of 48.2 ℃ during evaporation, example 8 (Fe 2 O 3 ) In comparative example 4 (Super-P) and comparative example 5 (Fe/C-Etch), the photothermal conversion films were 41.3 ℃, 46.3 ℃ and 44.5 ℃ respectively, which are lower than the Fe/C film, which also explains the reason that the pure water evaporation rate of the Fe/C material is the fastest. Because the Fe/C-Etch film etches away most of Fe metal simple substance, the surface temperature of the film is lower than that of the Fe/C film during evaporation, and the plasmon effect of metal Fe is demonstrated from the side surface, so that the photo-thermal conversion process can be rapidly realized, the evaporation interface obtains higher evaporation temperature, and the evaporation rate is improved. The test results are shown in fig. 8.
Referring to the test means of the fifth aspect of the test example, the weight of the water to be treated at different time points was counted and fitted with 1kW/m 2 Loss of water under illuminationHeavy change curve. The results showed that the pure water evaporation rates (obtained by conversion of the slope of the evaporation curve) of the photothermal transducers prepared in example 9, example 16 and comparative examples 4 to 5 were 0.39 kg/m, respectively 2 h (control), 2.60. 2.60 kg/m 2 h、1.69 kg/m 2 h、2.24kg/m 2 h and 2.15. 2.15 kg/m 2 h, performing H; the photo-thermal conversion water evaporation efficiencies were calculated to be 25.02% (control), 95.65%, 64.2%, 84.59% and 79.68%, respectively; compared with pure water evaporation, when the photothermal converter comprising the iron-based photothermal conversion film provided by the invention is used for solar energy interfacial evaporation water treatment, the evaporation rate of water is respectively improved to 6.7, 4.3, 5.7 and 5.5 times of that of pure water evaporation in example 9, example 16 and comparative examples 4-5; this demonstrates that the combined action of iron and carbon in example 1 can make the light-heat conversion performance of the iron-based light-heat conversion film more prominent. The specific test results are shown in fig. 9.
The purification performance of the photothermal converter obtained in example 9 on methylene blue-containing organic dye wastewater was also tested in this example, specifically, the liquid to be treated was defined as methylene blue-containing organic dye wastewater (concentration: 40 mg/L), and the iron-based photothermal conversion film was subjected to 1kW/m 2 Xenon lamp illumination. The results showed that the absorbance of the obtained liquid after the treatment of the organic dye wastewater containing methylene blue was almost 0, showing an extremely excellent organic dye removal effect. The specific test results are shown in fig. 10.
The performance of the photothermal conversion film obtained in example 9 in treating industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions was also tested in this example, and in the test process, the iron-based photothermal conversion film received 1kW/m 2 Xenon lamp illumination. The results show that in the treated wastewater, al 3+ 、Ca 2 + 、Co 3+ 、Mg 2+ 、Mn 2+ And Na (Na) + The removal rates of (a) reach 99.97%, 99.61%, 99.70%, 98.37%, 99.99% and 86.07%, respectively, and excellent heavy metal ion removal performance is exhibited. The specific test results are shown in fig. 11.
In conclusion, the iron-based light-heat conversion film provided by the invention has the advantages that due to the special design of the material and the structure of the light-heat conversion material, the light absorption performance and the evaporation performance to solvents such as water are obviously improved, and when the material of the iron-based nanowire is an iron-carbon composite material, the performance is better. Furthermore, the photothermal converter provided by the invention has wide application prospects in water treatment and solvent purification due to the adoption of the iron-based photothermal conversion film.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. An iron-based photothermal conversion film, characterized in that the iron-based photothermal conversion film comprises:
a substrate, which is a hydrophilic film;
a photothermal conversion material supported on the substrate surface, the photothermal conversion material comprising an iron-based nanowire;
the preparation method of the iron-based nanowire comprises the following steps:
D1. carrying out solvothermal reaction on a mixture of nitrilotriacetic acid and ferrous salt;
D2. and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the solid reaction product obtained in the step D1.
2. The iron-based photothermal conversion film according to claim 1, wherein the material of the iron-based nanowires comprises at least one of iron oxide and an iron-carbon composite.
3. The iron-based photothermal conversion film according to claim 1, wherein the length of the iron-based nanowire is 4-150 μm; and/or the diameter of the iron-based nanowire is 40-500 nm.
4. The iron-based photothermal conversion film according to claim 1, wherein in step D2, the heat-treated atmosphere comprises at least one of a shielding gas and oxygen; and/or, in the step D2, the temperature of the heat treatment is 500-800 ℃.
5. The iron-based photothermal conversion film according to claim 1, wherein in step D1, the solvent used for the solvothermal reaction comprises water and isopropyl alcohol; and/or, in the solvent, the volume concentration of the isopropanol is 11-15%.
6. The iron-based photothermal conversion film according to claim 1, wherein in step D1, the solvothermal reaction temperature is 100 to 200 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the iron-based photothermal conversion film according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising coating a slurry containing the iron-based nanowires on the surface of the substrate and drying.
8. The method of preparing according to claim 7, wherein the slurry further comprises a binder and a solvent; and/or the coating method is at least one of suction filtration, knife coating, spray coating and spin coating.
9. A photothermal converter comprising the iron-based photothermal conversion film according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. Use of the photothermal converter according to claim 9 in water treatment and solvent purification.
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