CN116575899A - Ultrasonic guided wave permeability increasing method and system for ion type rare earth in-situ leaching - Google Patents
Ultrasonic guided wave permeability increasing method and system for ion type rare earth in-situ leaching Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 ion rare earth Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 23
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrasonic guided wave permeation enhancement method and system for ion rare earth in-situ leaching, wherein an ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the exposed surface part of a waveguide to release ultrasonic to a rare earth leaching area, the generated ultrasonic propagates along the waveguide in a guided wave mode, the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic is generated in the water-bearing layer of the rare earth, and mechanical energy generated by cavitation is utilized to apply work to the rare earth, so that the permeation coefficient of the rare earth is increased. Preparing a penetration test sample according to the environment where the ionic rare earth ore is located, and performing test simulation to screen out the proper working frequency of the transducer; the connection between the rare earth mine and the power adjusting base station is established by the existing infiltration intensity monitoring means of the rare earth mine, and the stopping and starting of the transducer are adjusted according to the intensity of seepage. The invention can enhance the permeability of the ionic rare earth ore and the leaching efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ion type rare earth ore permeation enhancement, in particular to an ultrasonic guided wave permeation enhancement method and system for ion type rare earth in-situ leaching.
Background
Ion adsorption type rare earth ore (hereinafter referred to as ion type rare earth ore for short), which is also called weathering crust leaching type rare earth ore, is an important strategic mineral resource in China, is mainly distributed in south provinces such as Jiangxi, guangdong, fujian and the like, is most typical in Jiangxi, has the most abundant reserve, is most complete in rare earth element distribution, is rich in medium and heavy rare earth elements in global shortage, has low radioactivity ratio and high comprehensive utilization value, is now the focus of wide attention at home and abroad, and is currently classified as a rare strategic resource for limited exploitation and protection in China.
In-situ leaching is a mining process which is widely popularized at present after the exploitation of ionic rare earth resources is subjected to pool leaching and heap leaching processes. The in-situ mineral leaching process is generally to obtain rare earth resources by injecting mineral leaching liquid into a mineral body, carrying out ion exchange, recovering mother liquor and extracting, and has the advantages of being unique in nature, discarding the essence of mountain-moving and having little damage to the original environment of the mine for the characteristics of large mineral area of the ionic rare earth mine and very limited resource quantity in unit area. However, in the process of exploiting the weak permeability ionic rare earth ore by adopting an in-situ leaching method, the problems of poor ore body permeability, long retention time of a leaching agent, low production efficiency, low concentration of rare earth ions in the obtained leaching solution, insufficient recycling of resources and the like still exist.
In the in-situ leaching process of the ionic rare earth ore, the seepage speed of the leaching agent is one of the core problems affecting the leaching efficiency; the influence of surface active agent on the permeability of weathered crust leaching rare earth ore on pages 1081-1089 of the volume 40 (6 th period) of the Chinese rare earth journal 2022 shows that the improvement of seepage diffusion of the leaching agent in ore bodies is beneficial to the recovery of rare earth resources by in-situ leaching; however, for the results shown in quantitative study of the effect of the ratio of the macropore of the rare earth ore body on the leaching rate, on the pages 1589-1598 of the volume 46 (12 th) of the rare metal 2022, the surfactant may increase the ratio of the void priority flow. In view of the above, research on ultrasonic guided wave permeation enhancement and leaching promotion technology of in-situ leaching of weak permeability ionic rare earth ores is carried out, and the method has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide an ultrasonic guided wave permeability increasing method and system for ion type rare earth in-situ leaching, which are used for carrying out experimental simulation and screening out proper working frequency of a transducer by preparing a test bench to restore a field environment; working power of the transducer is obtained according to local cavitation threshold value and acoustic attenuation in the ionic rare earth ore; designing a waveguide array based on local geological conditions; and the stopping and starting of the transducer are regulated according to the seepage intensity, so that the effective permeability enhancement of the in-situ leaching of the weak permeability ionic rare earth ore is realized, and the problems that the permeability of ore bodies is poor, the retention time of a leaching agent is long, the production efficiency is low and the concentration of rare earth ions in the obtained leaching solution is low in the traditional process of adopting the in-situ leaching method to mine the weak permeability ionic rare earth ore are solved.
The invention provides an ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement method for ion type rare earth in-situ leaching, which comprises the following steps:
engineering geological information corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore is obtained, and the buried region of the waveguide rod is determined according to the engineering geological information;
obtaining the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods according to the embedded region, so as to select a target waveguide rod according to the embedded depth, and constructing a target waveguide rod array in the embedded region according to the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods;
simulating the environment of the embedded area to build a test bench, and performing ultrasonic simulation tests under various frequencies according to the test bench so as to obtain an optimal frequency according to a simulation test result;
working power of the transducer is obtained according to cavitation threshold value corresponding to the target ion type rare earth ore and acoustic attenuation in the target ion type rare earth ore;
defining the optimal frequency as a transducer working frequency, selecting a target ultrasonic transducer according to the transducer working frequency and the transducer working power, installing the target ultrasonic transducer at the end part of the target waveguide rod to construct an ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station, and controlling the start and stop of the ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station according to the depth of a wetting line.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the number of buried waveguide rods, the buried position, the buried depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods according to the buried region to select a target waveguide rod according to the buried depth, and constructing a target waveguide rod array in the buried region according to the number of buried waveguide rods, the buried position, the buried depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods includes:
the total length of the target waveguide rod is calculated according to the following formula:
L rod ＝L Hole(s) +L Dew
Wherein L is Rod Indicating the total length of the target waveguide rod L Hole(s) Indicating the depth of implantation of the target waveguide rod L Dew Indicating the length of the target waveguide rod exposed to the ground.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of simulating the environment of the buried region to build a test bench, and performing an ultrasonic simulation test at a plurality of frequencies according to the test bench to obtain an optimal frequency according to a simulation test result includes:
collecting ion type rare earth ore in a permeation increasing area, loading the ion type rare earth ore into a self-made variable water head permeameter, inserting a waveguide rod into the center of the permeameter, compacting the ore sample, and controlling the density of the ore sample to simulate the field environment of the target ion type rare earth ore;
and performing test simulation by utilizing ultrasonic waves with different frequencies, and taking the ultrasonic frequency with the strongest permeation enhancement effect selected in the test as the optimal frequency.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the working power of the transducer according to the cavitation threshold value corresponding to the target ionic rare earth mine and the acoustic attenuation in the target ionic rare earth mine includes:
the cavitation threshold is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein P is B Representing cavitation threshold, P 0 Represents the ambient atmospheric pressure, P C Represents the tensile strength, P of the rare earth leaching solution V Represents saturated vapor pressure, R 0 Represents the radius of bubbles and sigma represents the surface tension coefficient of the rare earth leaching solution;
boundary cavitation power is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein W represents boundary cavitation power, I M Representing cavitation sound intensity, ρ representing water density, c representing sound velocity in water, and S representing cavitation area;
the transducer operating power is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein W is 0 Indicating the working power of the transducer, I 0 The sound intensity of the waveguide rod is represented, m represents the attenuation coefficient, and x represents the distance between the buried region and the waveguide rod.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of controlling the start and stop of the ultrasonic signal power adjustment base station according to the depth of the immersion line further includes:
monitoring whether the depth of the immersion line in the target ion type rare earth ore is within a preset immersion line burial depth range;
if the depth of the immersion line is larger than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range, the ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station is controlled to be closed;
and if the depth of the immersion line is smaller than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range, controlling the ultrasonic signal power regulating base station to be started.
Another aspect of the invention proposes an ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement system for in situ leaching of ionic rare earth ores, the system comprising:
the embedded region determining module is used for acquiring engineering geological information corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore and determining an embedded region of the waveguide rod according to the engineering geological information;
the waveguide rod array construction module is used for acquiring the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods of the waveguide rods according to the embedded region, selecting a target waveguide rod according to the embedded depth, and constructing a target waveguide rod array in the embedded region according to the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between the two adjacent waveguide rods;
the ultrasonic simulation test module is used for simulating the environment of the embedded area to build a test bench, and carrying out ultrasonic simulation tests under various frequencies according to the test bench so as to obtain the optimal frequency according to the simulation test result;
the working power acquisition module is used for solving the working power of the transducer according to the cavitation threshold value corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore and the acoustic attenuation in the target ionic rare earth ore;
and the permeability increasing adjusting module is used for defining the optimal frequency as the working frequency of the transducer, selecting a target ultrasonic transducer according to the working frequency of the transducer and the working power of the transducer, and installing the target ultrasonic transducer at the end part of the target waveguide rod so as to construct an ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waveguide rod array building module includes:
a waveguide rod length calculating unit for calculating the total length of the target waveguide rod according to the following formula:
L rod ＝L Hole(s) +L Dew
Wherein L is Rod Indicating the total length of the target waveguide rod L Hole(s) Indicating the depth of implantation of the target waveguide rod L Dew Indicating the length of the target waveguide rod exposed to the ground.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic simulation test module further comprises:
the test bench construction unit is used for collecting the ion type rare earth ore in the permeation increasing area, loading the ion type rare earth ore into a self-made variable water head permeameter, inserting a waveguide rod into the center of the permeameter, compacting the ore sample, and controlling the density of the ore sample to simulate the field environment of the target ion type rare earth ore;
the optimal frequency selection unit is used for performing experimental simulation by utilizing the ultrasonic waves with different frequencies, and taking the ultrasonic frequency with the strongest permeation enhancement effect in the experiment as the optimal frequency
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the working power obtaining module further includes:
the cavitation threshold calculating unit is used for calculating a cavitation threshold according to the following formula:
wherein P is B Representing cavitation threshold, P 0 Represents the ambient atmospheric pressure, P C Represents the tensile strength, P of the rare earth leaching solution V Represents saturated vapor pressure, R 0 Represents the radius of bubbles and sigma represents the surface tension coefficient of the rare earth leaching solution;
the boundary cavitation power calculation unit is used for calculating boundary cavitation power according to the following formula:
wherein W represents boundary cavitation power, I M Representing cavitation sound intensity, ρ representing water density, c representing sound velocity in water, and S representing cavitation area;
the transducer working power calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining the working power of the transducer according to the following formula:
wherein W is 0 Indicating the working power of the transducer, I 0 The sound intensity of the waveguide rod is represented, m represents the attenuation coefficient, and x represents the distance between the buried region and the waveguide rod.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permeability increasing adjustment module further includes:
the immersion line depth monitoring unit is used for monitoring whether the immersion line depth in the target ionic rare earth ore is within a preset immersion line burial depth range;
the base station closing execution unit is used for controlling the ultrasonic signal power to adjust the base station to be closed if the depth of the immersion line is larger than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range;
and the base station starting execution unit is used for controlling the ultrasonic signal power to adjust the base station to be started if the depth of the immersion line is smaller than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the permeability of the ionic rare earth ore is enhanced by utilizing ultrasonic guided waves, the ultrasonic action range can be controlled by changing the power, and the automatic operation can be realized; compared with the existing permeability increasing method (surfactant), the ultrasonic guided wave permeability increasing technology can not only reduce the phenomena of preferential flow and blockage of fine particles in a cavitation jet flow generation manner, but also generate heat to enhance the leaching efficiency; in addition, the method can be used singly and can be used together with a surfactant to increase the permeation efficiency of the ionic rare earth ore;
2. the invention not only utilizes the mechanical vibration of the ultrasonic wave in the medium transmission process, but also considers the use of energy generated by cavitation effect of the ultrasonic wave in water.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement method for in situ leaching of ionic rare earth ores in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the attenuation curve of bending waves in a target waveguide rod according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a test bench according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of bending waves in a waveguide according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an ionic rare earth ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement and promotion in a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the change of permeability coefficient before and after ultrasonic action in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement system for in-situ leaching of ionic rare earth in a second embodiment of the present invention.
The invention will be further described in the following detailed description in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the figures. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of an ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement method for in-situ leaching of ionic rare earth according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown, the method includes steps S01 to S05, wherein:
step S01: engineering geological information corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore is obtained, and the buried region of the waveguide rod is determined according to the engineering geological information;
the leaching area with poor seepage condition in the target ion type rare earth ore can be judged according to engineering geological information, and the leaching area is the embedded area.
Step S02: obtaining the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods according to the embedded region, so as to select a target waveguide rod according to the embedded depth, and constructing a target waveguide rod array in the embedded region according to the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods;
in this step, in order to construct an array of waveguide rods (target waveguide rod array) embedded in the permeability increasing region, the number of waveguide rods in the region, the embedding positions, the spacing and the depth of the waveguide rods in the region need to be determined according to the leaching region and engineering geological information, and the waveguide rods should penetrate through the entire leaching region in the vertical direction.
After the buried depth is obtained, the length of the required waveguide rod is further calculated according to the buried depth, the total length of the target waveguide rod is calculated according to the following formula, and then a proper target waveguide rod is selected according to the total length:
L rod ＝L Hole(s) +L Dew
Wherein L is Rod Indicating the total length of the target waveguide rod L Hole(s) Indicating the depth of implantation of the target waveguide rod L Dew Indicating the length of the target waveguide rod exposed to the ground.
By way of example and not limitation, a glass fiber rod is used for the waveguide rod, a 16mm diameter waveguide rod (in practice a relatively larger diameter waveguide may be selected, but not preferably larger than the diameter of the transducer) is used, the density of the waveguide rod is 2.2g/cm 3 The elastic modulus is 40GPa, the Poisson ratio is 0.3, the longitudinal wave attenuation coefficient is 1.46dB/mm, and the transverse wave attenuation coefficient is 2.7dB/mm.
Step S03: simulating the environment of the embedded area to build a test bench, and performing ultrasonic simulation tests under various frequencies according to the test bench so as to obtain an optimal frequency according to a simulation test result;
in the signal adjustment process performed in this step, referring to fig. 2, the ultrasonic frequency is defined according to the attenuation curve of the target waveguide rod, so as to avoid the excessive attenuation of the ultrasonic wave in the waveguide; on the basis, collecting the ion rare earth ore in the permeability increasing area, loading the ion rare earth ore into a self-made variable water head permeameter, inserting a waveguide rod into the center of the permeameter, compacting the ore sample, and controlling the density of the ore sample to simulate the field environment so as to construct a test bench, and referring to fig. 3; and ultrasonic waves with different frequencies are used for experimental simulation, the optimal frequency is preferably selected as the working frequency of the transducer, the optimal frequency is the ultrasonic frequency with the strongest permeability increasing effect in the experiment, and the experimental frequency range is generally 20kHz-100kHz.
Step S04: working power of the transducer is obtained according to cavitation threshold value corresponding to the target ion type rare earth ore and acoustic attenuation in the target ion type rare earth ore;
preferably, the size of the permeability increasing space which is responsible for a single waveguide rod is calculated, and the working power of the transducer is calculated according to the local cavitation threshold and the attenuation of sound waves in the ionic rare earth ore, and the method is as follows:
the cavitation threshold is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein P is B Representing cavitation threshold, P 0 Represents the ambient atmospheric pressure, P C Represents the tensile strength, P of the rare earth leaching solution V Represents saturated vapor pressure, R 0 Represents the radius of bubbles and sigma represents the surface tension coefficient of the rare earth leaching solution;
boundary cavitation power is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein W represents boundary cavitation power, I M Representing cavitation sound intensity, ρ representing water density, c representing sound velocity in water, and S representing cavitation area;
the transducer operating power is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein W is 0 Indicating the working power of the transducer, I 0 The sound intensity of the waveguide rod is represented, m represents the attenuation coefficient, and x represents the distance between the buried region and the waveguide rod.
Step S05: defining the optimal frequency as a transducer working frequency, selecting a target ultrasonic transducer according to the transducer working frequency and the transducer working power, installing the target ultrasonic transducer at the end part of the target waveguide rod to construct an ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station, and controlling the start and stop of the ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station according to the depth of a wetting line.
It should be noted that, the frequency of the transducer should be as close as possible to the optimal frequency obtained by experimental simulation, the power is not less than the working power obtained by the previous calculation, so as to realize the high-level adaptive selection of the transducer, and then the transducer is installed, specifically: the waveguide rod is exposed out of the ground surface by 0.2m, an ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the end part of the waveguide rod and is connected with a signal generator, an ultrasonic transducer element is covered by a white protective cover, a fan is arranged in the cover to dissipate heat of the transducer, and the guided wave in the waveguide rod is bending wave, as shown in fig. 5.
Further, an automatic stopping system is established, and a local monitoring means is combined, so that the connection between the infiltration intensity monitoring system and the power adjusting base station (such as a resistor changing along with the infiltration intensity or a power supply system reaching a certain value automatic switch) is established, when the infiltration intensity is reduced to a certain level, an ultrasonic transducer is started, and when the infiltration intensity is increased to a certain level, the operation is automatically stopped, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
monitoring whether the depth of the immersion line in the target ion type rare earth ore is within a preset immersion line burial depth range;
if the depth of the immersion line is larger than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range, the ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station is controlled to be closed;
and if the depth of the immersion line is smaller than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range, controlling the ultrasonic signal power regulating base station to be started.
It should be noted that the preset immersion line burial depth range is related to the field condition of the target ionic rare earth ore, and the designer can set the immersion line burial depth range according to the target ionic rare earth ore in the field, which is not described in detail herein.
In conclusion, the permeability of ore bodies is poor in the process of mining ionic rare earth by an in-situ leaching method, and fine particles can block a seepage channel along with the infiltration of the leaching solution, so that the leaching difficulty is increased. According to the method in the embodiment, a waveguide array is buried in a region with poor rare earth ore penetration conditions, the waveguide is vertically buried in the rare earth ore from the vicinity of the liquid injection port, and the buried depth is equal to the depth of the ore leaching area; ultrasonic transducers are arranged on the exposed surface part of the waveguide to release ultrasonic to the rare earth ore leaching area, the generated ultrasonic propagates along the waveguide in a guided wave mode (an example is shown in figure 5), the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic is generated in the water-containing layer of the rare earth ore (the phenomenon that the gas core in water firstly increases in volume and then rapidly collapses and collapses to generate jet flow and the like under the action of the ultrasonic), and mechanical energy generated by cavitation is utilized to apply work to the rare earth ore, so that the permeability coefficient of the rare earth ore is increased. Preparing a penetration test sample according to the environment where the ionic rare earth ore is located, and performing test simulation to screen out the proper working frequency of the transducer; through the existing infiltration intensity monitoring means (pore water pressure meter, flowmeter and the like) of the rare earth ore, the connection between the rare earth ore and a power regulation base station is established, and the stopping and starting of the transducer are regulated according to the intensity of seepage. The method utilizes the mechanical energy generated by the acoustic wave in the medium propagation process and the mechanical energy generated by the acoustic wave in the water hollow collapse, and the ionic rare earth ore not only increases the pores but also reduces the phenomenon of preferential flow under the action of the two mechanical energies; so that the permeability of the ionic rare earth ore is enhanced, the leaching efficiency is enhanced, and the effect is shown in figure 6.
Referring to fig. 7, a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement system for in-situ leaching of ionic rare earth according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown, the system comprising:
the embedded region determining module 10 is used for acquiring engineering geological information corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore and determining an embedded region of the waveguide rod according to the engineering geological information;
a waveguide rod array construction module 20, configured to obtain, according to the buried region, a buried number, a buried position, a buried depth, and a distance between two adjacent waveguide rods, to select a target waveguide rod according to the buried depth, and construct, according to the buried number, the buried position, the buried depth, and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods, a target waveguide rod array in the buried region;
further, the waveguide rod array building module 20 includes:
a waveguide rod length calculating unit for calculating the total length of the target waveguide rod according to the following formula:
L rod ＝L Hole(s) +L Dew
Wherein L is Rod Indicating the total length of the target waveguide rod L Hole(s) Indicating the depth of implantation of the target waveguide rod L Dew Indicating the length of the target waveguide rod exposed to the ground.
The ultrasonic simulation test module 30 is used for simulating the environment of the embedded area to build a test bench, and performing ultrasonic simulation tests under various frequencies according to the test bench so as to obtain an optimal frequency according to a simulation test result;
the ultrasonic simulation test module 30 further includes:
the test bench construction unit is used for collecting the ion type rare earth ore in the permeation increasing area, loading the ion type rare earth ore into a self-made variable water head permeameter, inserting a waveguide rod into the center of the permeameter, compacting the ore sample, and controlling the density of the ore sample to simulate the field environment of the target ion type rare earth ore;
the optimal frequency selecting unit is used for performing test simulation by utilizing ultrasonic waves with different frequencies, and taking the ultrasonic frequency with the strongest permeability increasing effect in the test as the optimal frequency.
The working power acquisition module 40 is used for obtaining the working power of the transducer according to the cavitation threshold value corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore and the acoustic attenuation in the target ionic rare earth ore;
further, the working power obtaining module 40 further includes:
the cavitation threshold calculating unit is used for calculating a cavitation threshold according to the following formula:
wherein P is B Representing cavitation threshold, P 0 Represents the ambient atmospheric pressure, P C Represents the tensile strength, P of the rare earth leaching solution V Represents saturated vapor pressure, R 0 Represents the radius of bubbles and sigma represents the surface tension coefficient of the rare earth leaching solution;
the boundary cavitation power calculation unit is used for calculating boundary cavitation power according to the following formula:
wherein W represents boundary cavitation power, I M Representing cavitation sound intensity, ρ representing water density, c representing sound velocity in water, and S representing cavitation area;
the transducer working power calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining the working power of the transducer according to the following formula:
wherein W is 0 Indicating the working power of the transducer, I 0 The sound intensity of the waveguide rod is represented, m represents the attenuation coefficient, and x represents the distance between the buried region and the waveguide rod.
The permeability increasing adjusting module 50 is configured to define the optimal frequency as a transducer operating frequency, select a target ultrasonic transducer according to the transducer operating frequency and the transducer operating power, and install the target ultrasonic transducer at an end of the target waveguide rod to construct an ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station.
Further, the permeability increasing adjustment module 50 further includes:
the immersion line depth monitoring unit is used for monitoring whether the immersion line depth in the target ionic rare earth ore is within a preset immersion line burial depth range;
the base station closing execution unit is used for controlling the ultrasonic signal power to adjust the base station to be closed if the depth of the immersion line is larger than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range;
and the base station starting execution unit is used for controlling the ultrasonic signal power to adjust the base station to be started if the depth of the immersion line is smaller than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement method for in-situ leaching of ionic rare earth ores, the method comprising:
engineering geological information corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore is obtained, and the buried region of the waveguide rod is determined according to the engineering geological information;
obtaining the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods according to the embedded region, so as to select a target waveguide rod according to the embedded depth, and constructing a target waveguide rod array in the embedded region according to the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods;
simulating the environment of the embedded area to build a test bench, and performing ultrasonic simulation tests under various frequencies according to the test bench so as to obtain an optimal frequency according to a simulation test result;
working power of the transducer is obtained according to cavitation threshold value corresponding to the target ion type rare earth ore and acoustic attenuation in the target ion type rare earth ore;
defining the optimal frequency as a transducer working frequency, selecting a target ultrasonic transducer according to the transducer working frequency and the transducer working power, installing the target ultrasonic transducer at the end part of the target waveguide rod to construct an ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station, and controlling the start and stop of the ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station according to the depth of a wetting line.
2. The ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement method for ion type rare earth in-situ leaching according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the number of burial of the waveguide rods, the burial position, the burial depth, and the spacing between two adjacent waveguide rods according to the burial region to select a target waveguide rod according to the burial depth, and constructing a target waveguide rod array in the burial region according to the number of burial, the burial position, the burial depth, and the spacing between two adjacent waveguide rods comprises:
the total length of the target waveguide rod is calculated according to the following formula:
L rod ＝L Hole(s) +L Dew Wherein L is Rod Indicating the total length of the target waveguide rod L Hole(s) Indicating the depth of implantation of the target waveguide rod L Dew Indicating the length of the target waveguide rod exposed to the ground.
3. The ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement method for ion rare earth in-situ leaching according to claim 2, wherein the step of simulating the environment of the buried region to build a test bench and performing ultrasonic simulation tests at a plurality of frequencies according to the test bench to obtain an optimal frequency according to a simulation test result comprises:
collecting ion type rare earth ore in a permeation increasing area, loading the ion type rare earth ore into a self-made variable water head permeameter, inserting a waveguide rod into the center of the permeameter, compacting the ore sample, and controlling the density of the ore sample to simulate the field environment of the target ion type rare earth ore;
and performing test simulation by utilizing ultrasonic waves with different frequencies, and taking the ultrasonic frequency with the strongest permeation enhancement effect selected in the test as the optimal frequency.
4. The ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement method for in-situ leaching of ionic rare earth ore according to claim 3, wherein the step of calculating the working power of the transducer according to the cavitation threshold value corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore and the acoustic wave attenuation in the target ionic rare earth ore comprises the following steps:
the cavitation threshold is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein P is B Representing cavitation threshold, P 0 Represents the ambient atmospheric pressure, P C Represents the tensile strength, P of the rare earth leaching solution V Represents saturated vapor pressure, R 0 Represents the radius of bubbles and sigma represents the surface tension coefficient of the rare earth leaching solution;
boundary cavitation power is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein W represents boundary cavitation power, I M Representing cavitation sound intensity, ρ representing water density, c representing sound velocity in water, and S representing cavitation area;
the transducer operating power is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein W is 0 Indicating the working power of the transducer, I 0 The sound intensity of the waveguide rod is represented, m represents the attenuation coefficient, and x represents the distance between the buried region and the waveguide rod.
5. The ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement method for ionic rare earth in-situ leaching according to claim 4, wherein the step of controlling the start and stop of the ultrasonic signal power adjustment base station according to the depth of the infiltration line further comprises:
monitoring whether the depth of the immersion line in the target ion type rare earth ore is within a preset immersion line burial depth range;
if the depth of the immersion line is larger than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range, the ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station is controlled to be closed;
and if the depth of the immersion line is smaller than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range, controlling the ultrasonic signal power regulating base station to be started.
6. An ultrasonic guided wave permeability increasing system for in situ leaching of ionic rare earth ores, the system comprising:
the embedded region determining module is used for acquiring engineering geological information corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore and determining an embedded region of the waveguide rod according to the engineering geological information;
the waveguide rod array construction module is used for acquiring the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between two adjacent waveguide rods of the waveguide rods according to the embedded region, selecting a target waveguide rod according to the embedded depth, and constructing a target waveguide rod array in the embedded region according to the embedded number, the embedded position, the embedded depth and the distance between the two adjacent waveguide rods;
the ultrasonic simulation test module is used for simulating the environment of the embedded area to build a test bench, and carrying out ultrasonic simulation tests under various frequencies according to the test bench so as to obtain the optimal frequency according to the simulation test result;
the working power acquisition module is used for solving the working power of the transducer according to the cavitation threshold value corresponding to the target ionic rare earth ore and the acoustic attenuation in the target ionic rare earth ore;
and the permeability increasing adjusting module is used for defining the optimal frequency as the working frequency of the transducer, selecting a target ultrasonic transducer according to the working frequency of the transducer and the working power of the transducer, and installing the target ultrasonic transducer at the end part of the target waveguide rod so as to construct an ultrasonic signal power adjusting base station.
7. The ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement system for ionic rare earth in-situ leaching of claim 6, wherein the waveguide array building module comprises:
a waveguide rod length calculating unit for calculating the total length of the target waveguide rod according to the following formula:
L rod ＝L Hole(s) +L Dew
Wherein L is Rod Representing the sum of the target waveguide rodsLength, L Hole(s) Indicating the depth of implantation of the target waveguide rod L Dew Indicating the length of the target waveguide rod exposed to the ground.
8. The ultrasonic guided wave permeability increasing system for ionic rare earth in-situ leaching of claim 7, wherein the ultrasonic simulation test module further comprises:
the test bench construction unit is used for collecting the ion type rare earth ore in the permeation increasing area, loading the ion type rare earth ore into a self-made variable water head permeameter, inserting a waveguide rod into the center of the permeameter, compacting the ore sample, and controlling the density of the ore sample to simulate the field environment of the target ion type rare earth ore;
the optimal frequency selecting unit is used for performing test simulation by utilizing ultrasonic waves with different frequencies, and taking the ultrasonic frequency with the strongest permeability increasing effect in the test as the optimal frequency.
9. The ultrasonic guided wave infiltration enhancement system for use in ion rare earth in-situ leaching of claim 8, wherein the operating power acquisition module further comprises:
the cavitation threshold calculating unit is used for calculating a cavitation threshold according to the following formula:
wherein P is B Representing cavitation threshold, P 0 Represents the ambient atmospheric pressure, P C Represents the tensile strength, P of the rare earth leaching solution V Represents saturated vapor pressure, R 0 Represents the radius of bubbles and sigma represents the surface tension coefficient of the rare earth leaching solution;
the boundary cavitation power calculation unit is used for calculating boundary cavitation power according to the following formula:
wherein W represents boundary cavitation power,I M representing cavitation sound intensity, ρ representing water density, c representing sound velocity in water, and S representing cavitation area;
the transducer working power calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining the working power of the transducer according to the following formula:
wherein W is 0 Indicating the working power of the transducer, I 0 The sound intensity of the waveguide rod is represented, m represents the attenuation coefficient, and x represents the distance between the buried region and the waveguide rod.
10. The ultrasonic guided wave permeability increasing system for ionic rare earth in-situ leaching of claim 9, wherein the permeability increasing adjustment module further comprises:
the immersion line depth monitoring unit is used for monitoring whether the immersion line depth in the target ionic rare earth ore is within a preset immersion line burial depth range;
the base station closing execution unit is used for controlling the ultrasonic signal power to adjust the base station to be closed if the depth of the immersion line is larger than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range;
and the base station starting execution unit is used for controlling the ultrasonic signal power to adjust the base station to be started if the depth of the immersion line is smaller than the upper limit value in the preset immersion line burial depth range.
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| CN105112692A (en) * | 2015-10-11 | 2015-12-02 | 江西理工大学 | Ore leaching method for ion-adsorbing type rare earth ore |
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