CN116569418A - Array antenna and base station - Google Patents
Array antenna and base station Download PDFInfo
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- CN116569418A CN116569418A CN202080107763.XA CN202080107763A CN116569418A CN 116569418 A CN116569418 A CN 116569418A CN 202080107763 A CN202080107763 A CN 202080107763A CN 116569418 A CN116569418 A CN 116569418A
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/01—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the shape of the antenna or antenna system
Abstract
The application provides an array antenna and a base station, wherein the array antenna comprises a plurality of radiating oscillators arranged in an array, each row of radiating oscillators comprises a first radiating oscillator group and a second radiating oscillator group, and the distance between the first radiating oscillator group and the ground is larger than that between the second radiating oscillator group and the ground; the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the first radiating oscillator group and the ground is larger than the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the second radiating oscillator group and the ground. When the structure is adopted, the center line of part of the radiating oscillators is arranged at an angle with the ground of the array antenna, so that the pointing direction of side lobes formed by each row of radiating oscillators is changed, the energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced, and the interference between the array antenna and a satellite is improved.
Description
The present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an array antenna and a base station.
Satellites and base stations are currently multiplexed by frequency division on the utilization of the radio spectrum. However, with the increase of the transmission bandwidth service of the base station, the satellite service moves to the development of the broadband internet, the current frequency spectrum cannot meet the requirement, and the demand on the frequency spectrum needs larger bandwidth. The previous industry evolution was to defer more spectrum to base station applications through satellites. However, no more spectrum can be completely released by the satellite at present, so industry evolution tends to the satellite and the base station to share the same spectrum.
Since the satellite reception spectrum and the terrestrial base station use the same frequency, so-called spectrum sharing. As shown in fig. 1, signals from a base station 1 on the ground leak into the air, causing interference with satellites 2. For a single base station 1, the relative interference is small because its power is small and far enough from the satellite 2. However, since the satellite 2 has millions of base stations 1 within a certain coverage area, the interference energy generated by millions of base stations 1 will add up to form strong interference to the satellite 2, which affects the satellite communication.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an array antenna and a base station, which are used for reducing the influence on satellite communication.
In a first aspect, an array antenna is provided for enabling wireless communication, the array antenna being fixed relative to the ground when deployed. The structure of the array antenna is described below with reference to the ground. The array antenna comprises a plurality of radiating oscillators arranged in an array, wherein each row of radiating oscillators comprises a first radiating oscillator group and a second radiating oscillator group, and the distance between the first radiating oscillator group and the ground is larger than that between the second radiating oscillator group and the ground; the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the first radiating oscillator group and the ground is larger than the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the second radiating oscillator group and the ground. When the structure is adopted, the center line of part of the radiating oscillators is arranged at an angle with the ground of the array antenna, so that the pointing direction of side lobes formed by each row of radiating oscillators is changed, the energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced, and the interference between the array antenna and a satellite is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the center line of each radiating element in the first radiating element group gradually increases with respect to the ground in a direction away from the ground. The energy of side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced in a mode that the center line of the radiation oscillator is gradually inclined relative to the ground of the base station, so that the interference between the base station and satellites is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the center line of each radiating element in the second radiating element group gradually increases with respect to the ground in a direction away from the ground. The energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced in a way that the center line of the over-radiating oscillator is gradually inclined relative to the ground of the base station, so that the interference between the base station and the satellite is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the radiating elements of the first radiating element group and the second radiating element group are arranged in a curve. The energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced by gradually changing the central line of the radiating oscillator relative to the ground, so that the interference between the base station and the satellite is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the radiating elements of the first radiating element group and the second radiating element group are arranged in a parabola. The energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced by gradually changing the central line of the radiating oscillator relative to the ground, so that the interference between the base station and the satellite is improved.
In a specific embodiment, each column of radiating elements further comprises a third radiating element group and a fourth radiating element group; the fourth radiating oscillator group, the third radiating oscillator group, the second radiating oscillator group and the first radiating oscillator group are arranged along the direction far away from the ground; and the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the fourth radiating oscillator group and the ground is larger than the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the third radiating oscillator group and the ground. The energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced by gradually changing the central line of the radiating oscillator relative to the ground, so that the interference between the base station and the satellite is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the center line of each of the third and fourth radiating elements is gradually reduced from the ground in a direction away from the ground. The energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced by gradually changing the central line of the radiating oscillator relative to the ground, so that the interference between the base station and the satellite is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the radiating elements in the fourth radiating element group, the third radiating element group, the second radiating element group and the first radiating element group are arranged in an S-shape. The energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced by gradually changing the central line of the radiating oscillator relative to the ground, so that the interference between the base station and the satellite is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the center line of each radiating element in the first radiating element group is at the same angle to the ground as the center line of each radiating element in the direction away from the ground.
In a specific embodiment, the center line of each radiating element in the second radiating element group has the same included angle with the ground along the direction away from the ground; and the plurality of radiating oscillators in the first radiating oscillator group and the plurality of radiating oscillators in the second radiating oscillator group are arranged in a fold line.
In a specific embodiment, the plurality of radiating elements are configured to transmit satellite frequency band signals.
In a specific implementation manner, the emission frequency band of the plurality of radiation vibrators is between 3 and 40GHz.
In a specific embodiment, the array antenna further comprises a carrier having a mounting face for carrying the plurality of radiating elements of the array arrangement; the assembly surface is a curved surface or a folded surface matched with the arrangement mode of each row of the radiating vibrators. The arrangement form of the radiating oscillators is realized through the carrier.
In a specific embodiment, the array antenna is a PEP plastic integrated antenna structure, or a Patch antenna of flexible PCB design.
In a second aspect, there is provided a base station comprising an array antenna as claimed in any one of the preceding claims and a shaping module connected to each of the radiating elements of each column, and the shaping module satisfying: the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the first radiating element group is greater than the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the second radiating element group. The central line of part of the radiating vibrators is arranged at an angle with the ground, and the initial phase of the corresponding signal is adjusted by the shaping module according to the positions of the radiating vibrators, so that the pointing direction of side lobes formed by each row of radiating vibrators is changed, the energy of the side lobes pointing obliquely upwards relative to the ground is reduced, and the interference between a base station and a satellite is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the shaping module comprises a digital shaping module for adjusting an initial phase of a signal applied to each column of radiating elements, the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the first set of radiating elements being greater than the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the second set of radiating elements. The initial phase of each radiating element is adjusted by digital shaping.
In a specific embodiment, the digital shaping module comprises a digital phase shifter for determining an initial phase of each radiating element; and a digital multiplier determining the amplitude of each radiating element. The initial phase of each radiating element is adjusted by digital shaping.
In a specific embodiment, the shaping module comprises an analog shaping module for adjusting an initial phase of a signal applied to each column of radiating elements, the initial phase of each radiating element in the first radiating element group being greater than the initial phase of each radiating element in the second radiating element group. The initial phase of each radiating element is adjusted by analog shaping.
In a specific embodiment, the shaping module comprises a phase shifter for determining an initial phase of the signal of each radiating element and a power divider for determining an amplitude of the signal of each radiating element. The initial phase of each radiating element is adjusted by analog shaping.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which a base station interferes with satellites in the prior art;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic layout diagram of a row of radiating oscillators provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 shows a beam schematic diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an array antenna in the prior art;
fig. 7 shows a beam schematic of a prior art array antenna;
fig. 8 shows a beam schematic diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of another array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 shows a schematic layout of a column of radiating elements of the array antenna of fig. 9;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a column of radiating elements of another array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
The following explains the words that the present application relates to or may relate to:
1. at least one, means one, or more than one, i.e., including one, two, three and more than one;
2. plural means two, or more than two, i.e., including two, three, four and more than two;
3. connected, meaning coupled, includes direct connection or indirect connection via other devices to achieve electrical communication.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, a scenario in which the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied is described, and then, a specific structure of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described.
The array antenna provided in the embodiment of the application is suitable for a mobile communication system, where the mobile communication system includes, but is not limited to: global system for mobile communications (Global System of Mobile communication, GSM), code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) systems, general packet Radio service (General Packet Radio Service, GPRS), long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (Frequency Division Duplex, FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (Time Division Duplex, TDD), universal mobile telecommunications system (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, wiMAX) communication systems, future fifth generation (5th Generation,5G) systems or New Radio, NR) systems, and the like.
The array antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a wireless network system, where the array antenna may be applied to a base station subsystem (Base Station Subsystem, BSS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN, UMTS, universal Mobile Telecommunications System, universal mobile telecommunications system), or an evolved terrestrial radio access network (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access, E-UTRAN) for performing cell coverage of a wireless signal to achieve a connection between a mobile terminal and a radio frequency end of the wireless network.
The array antenna related to the embodiment can be located in the radio access network device to realize signal transceiving. In particular, the radio access network device may include, but is not limited to, a base station. The base station may be a base station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS) in a GSM or CDMA system, a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (Cloud Radio Access Network, CRAN) scenario, or a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a base station in a future 5G network or a base station in a future evolved PLMN network, for example, a new radio base station, which embodiments of the present application are not limited. The base station may provide wireless cell signal coverage and serve the terminal device with one or more cells.
As shown in fig. 2, one possible structure of the base station may include an array antenna 30, a Transceiver (TRX) 20, and a baseband processing unit 10, where the TRX is connected to an antenna port of the array antenna 30, so that the antenna port may be used to receive a signal to be transmitted sent by the TRX 20 to a radiator of the array antenna 30, or to send a received signal received by the radiator to the TRX 20.
In implementation, the TRX 20 may be a remote radio unit (radio remote unit, RRU), and the baseband processing unit 10 may be a baseband unit (BBU).
The baseband unit may be configured to process a baseband optical signal to be sent and transmit the baseband optical signal to the RRU, or receive a received baseband signal sent by the RRU (i.e., a baseband signal obtained by converting a received radio frequency signal received by the array antenna 30 by the RRU in a signal receiving process) and process the received baseband signal; the RRU may convert the baseband signal to be transmitted sent by the BBU into a radio frequency signal to be transmitted, which includes performing necessary signal processing on the baseband signal, such as converting a digital signal into an electrical signal through a DAC (Digital to analog converter, digital-to-analog converter), amplifying the signal through a PA (power amplifier), etc., after which the RRU may send the radio frequency signal to be transmitted to the array antenna 30 through an antenna port so that the radio frequency signal is radiated through the array antenna 30, or the RRU may receive a received radio frequency signal sent by the array antenna 30, convert it into a received baseband signal, and send it to the BBU.
The array antenna provided by the embodiment of the application can comprise a radiating oscillator and a feed network, wherein the radiating oscillator is used for receiving and/or radiating radio waves; one end of the feed network is connected with the radiating oscillators, and the other end of the feed network is connected with the RRU for feeding each radiating oscillator, so that the radiating oscillator radiates a plurality of beams, wherein different beams can cover different ranges.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna 30 according to an embodiment of the present application. The array antenna 30 includes a carrier 32 and a plurality of radiating elements, wherein the carrier 32 has a mounting surface 321 for carrying the plurality of radiating elements 31 arranged in an array, and the radiating elements 31 are arranged in an array on the mounting surface 321 of the carrier 32. The array antenna 30 may be an integrally molded antenna structure of PEP plastic, or a Patch antenna of flexible PCB design, for example. The carrier 32 is PEP material or flexible PCB. The frequency band in which the array antenna 30 is mainly used is in the range of 3 to 40GHz. The frequency bands of the array antenna 30 may be, for example, C band (4-6 GHz) and Ku band (12-18 GHz).
In order to facilitate understanding of the arrangement mode of the radiating oscillators provided by the embodiment of the application, an XYZ coordinate system is established as a reference coordinate system. Wherein OX, OY, OZ are perpendicular to each other and are parallel to the three sides of the carrier 32 carrying the radiating elements 31, respectively. The YZ surface is the ground, and the ground is used as a reference surface.
The projection of the radiation oscillator on the XY plane is arranged in an array. The plurality of radiating elements 31 are arranged in the OX direction to form a column of radiating elements 310, and the plurality of radiating elements 31 are arranged in the OY direction to form a row of radiating elements. The dashed box shown in fig. 3 contains multiple radiating elements, i.e. a column of radiating elements. In addition, the assembly surface 321 provided in the embodiment of the present application is a curved surface, so that each row of the radiating elements 310 on the XZ plane is arranged in a curved manner. From the above description, the radiation vibrators provided in the embodiments of the present application can be regarded as array arrangement, and the radiation vibrators of the array arrangement are arranged in a curve in the OZ direction due to the fluctuation of the mounting surface 321 in the Z direction.
In the embodiment of the present application, the relief manner of each row of radiating elements 310 along the OZ direction is the same, so the arrangement manner of the array antenna 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application is illustrated by taking a row of radiating elements 310 as an example. In the embodiment of the present application, each row of radiating elements 310 is arranged in an S-shape in XZ. For convenience in describing the arrangement manner of each column of radiating elements 310, each column of radiating elements 310 is divided into a plurality of radiating element groups, and each radiating element group includes a plurality of radiating elements arranged along the X direction. Illustratively, each column of radiating element groups includes a first radiating element group 311, a second radiating element group 312, a third radiating element group 313, and a fourth radiating element group 314. The first radiating element group 311, the second radiating element group 312, the third radiating element group 313 and the fourth radiating element group 314 are arranged in a direction away from the ground (X direction), the first radiating element group 311 is located at the most distal end, and the fourth radiating element group 314 is located at the most proximal end. And the distance between the first radiating oscillator group 311 and the ground is greater than the distance between the second radiating oscillator group 312 and the ground; the third radiator set 313 is spaced from the ground by a distance greater than the fourth radiator set 314.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 illustrates an arrangement of a row of radiating elements, and a coordinate system is established by using a demarcation point between the second radiating element group 312 and the third radiating element group 313, and a horizontal direction is an X direction, which may be equivalently the X direction illustrated in fig. 3. The vertical direction is the reference ground direction and may be equivalently the Z direction in fig. 3. The first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 are arranged in a curve, specifically in a parabolic arrangement. Each dot as shown in fig. 4 represents a radiating element, and the straight line with an arrow on each dot is the main radiating direction of the radiating element and is also the central line of the radiating element. The center line of each radiating element refers to a tangent line passing through the center of the radiating element and perpendicular to the mounting surface 321 where the radiating element is located.
Referring to the pointing direction of the arrowed line shown in fig. 4, it can be seen that the center line of each radiator in the first radiator group 311 gradually increases with respect to the ground in the direction away from the ground. And the angle between the center line of each radiator in the second radiator set 312 and the ground increases gradually in the direction away from the ground. In addition, in the case of group division, an included angle between the center line of each radiating element in the first radiating element group 311 and the ground is larger than an included angle between the center line of each radiating element in the second radiating element group 312 and the ground. Thereby forming a gradual change of the main radiation direction of the radiating element from a direction parallel to the ground towards a direction pointing towards the ground in a direction away from the ground. The plurality of radiating elements of the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 constitute a parabola. The focus of the parabola formed is f1. The radiating elements in the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 satisfy: z (n) =4xf1 x (n) ζ2; (n=1 to M/2). Wherein M is the number of radiating oscillators in each column, and n is a positive integer. Z (n) is the reference local orientation coordinate of the radiating element in the coordinate system shown in fig. 4. X (n) is the X-direction coordinate of the radiating element in the coordinate system shown in fig. 4.
Similarly, the included angle between the center line of each radiator in the fourth radiator set 314 and the ground increases gradually along the direction away from the ground. And the included angle between the center line of each radiator in the third radiator group 313 and the ground gradually increases along the direction away from the ground. In addition, in the case of group division, an included angle between the center line of each radiator in the fourth radiator group 314 and the ground is larger than an included angle between the center line of each radiator in the third radiator group 313 and the ground. Thereby forming a gradual change of the main radiation direction of the radiating element from a direction obliquely downwards relative to the ground towards a direction parallel to the ground in a direction away from the ground. The plurality of radiating elements of the fourth radiating element group 314 and the third radiating element group 313 constitute a parabola. The focus of the parabola formed is f2. The radiating elements in the third radiating element group 313 and the fourth radiating element group 314 satisfy: z (n) =4xf2 x (n) ζ2; (n=m/2+1 to M).
Referring to the structure shown in fig. 4, the concave direction of the parabola formed by the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 is opposite to the concave direction of the parabola formed by the third radiating element group 313 and the fourth radiating element group 314, and f2=f1. However, it should be understood that in the above embodiment, the division is performed by using M/2 as an intermediate point, but in the embodiment of the present application, the division position is not particularly limited, and may be changed according to the design, so long as it is only required to ensure that each row of radiating elements form an S-shaped arrangement.
When transmitting signals, the RRU adjusts the phase of the corresponding signals of each row of radiating oscillators, so that different suppression weighting effects are constructed. The RRU comprises a shaping module, and the shaping module is used for being connected with each radiating oscillator in each row of radiating oscillators. When the phase adjustment is carried out on each row of radiation vibrators, the shaping module meets the following conditions: the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the first radiating element group 311 is greater than the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the second radiating element group 312. The arrangement of the first radiating element group 311, the second radiating element group 312, the third radiating element group 313, and the fourth radiating element group 314 is exemplified by the coordinate system shown in fig. 4. Wherein the phase adjustment applied by the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 satisfies: θ (n) =4xf1 x (n)/(2/λ) pi. θ (n) is the initial phase applied to each radiating element. The phase adjustment applied by the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 satisfies: θ (n) =4xf2 x (n)/(2/λ) pi.
In particular, each radiating element may be shaped by digital or analog shaping, or by both digital and analog shaping. The following description will be made one by one. As an alternative, the shaping module comprises a digital shaping module for adjusting an initial phase of the signal applied to each column of radiating elements, the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the first radiating element group 311 being greater than the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the second radiating element group 312. More specifically, the digital shaping module may comprise a digital phase shifter for determining an initial phase of each radiating element, by means of which an adjustment of the initial phase of the digital signal applied to each radiating element may be achieved. In addition, the digital shaping module may further comprise a digital multiplier that determines the amplitude of each radiating element. The amplitude of the digital signal applied to each radiating element can be adjusted by a digital multiplier. Thereby adjusting the shape of the side lobes of the formed beam.
As an alternative, the shaping module comprises an analog shaping module to adjust the initial phase of the signal applied to the radiating element by the analog shaping module. In use, the analog shaping module is used to adjust the initial phase of the signal applied to each column of radiating elements, the initial phase of each radiating element in the first radiating element group 311 being greater than the initial phase of each radiating element in the second radiating element group 312. In particular, the shaping module comprises a phase shifter for determining the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element, e.g. the phase shifter may be a microstrip line or a straight wire, or other structure enabling phase shifting. The analog shaping module may further comprise a power divider for determining the amplitude of the signal of each radiating element. The amplitude of the signal applied to each radiating element can be adjusted by a power divider to adjust the shape of the side lobes of the beam formed.
The frequency bands mainly focused by the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the application are C band (4-6 GHz) and Ku band (12-18 GHz), in the section of frequency spectrum, the coexistence application of a base station and a satellite is considered, the considered satellite mainly takes a synchronous orbit satellite as a main part, and other low orbit satellites can also reduce interference to a certain angle orbit. Since one feature of co-existence interference between a satellite and a base station is that the satellite is directly above the base station, only signals directed in this direction (obliquely upward) are likely to be directed to the satellite, and so it is desirable to minimize the signals in these directions. Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows the radiation condition of the array antenna 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 5, the beam is pointing in a direction towards the ground. And the side lobes facing obliquely upwards are greatly compressed, while the side lobes facing the ground are reinforced. By lowering the side lobes facing in the obliquely upward direction, the satellite interference is greatly reduced.
The array antenna 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application is compared with the array antenna 30 in the prior art, so as to further explain the effect of the array antenna 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an array antenna 30 in the related art. As can be seen from fig. 6, in the prior art, the radiating elements 3 of the array antenna are arranged on a plane, and the radiating elements 3 are arranged in a two-dimensional plane manner. As shown in fig. 7, the beams formed by the radiation vibrators 3 in the prior art are arranged symmetrically along the horizontal direction. The side lobe directed upward has a relatively high intensity and is likely to interfere with satellite signals. Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 illustrates beams formed in an array antenna 30 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 8, the beam formed by the array antenna 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not need to change the amplitude of the signal applied to the radiating element in the embodiment of the present application, and the direction of the beam can be adjusted only by improving the arrangement mode of the radiating element and the initial phase of the applied signal, so that the beam direction does not need to be improved by reducing the amplitude of the signal. Referring to the beam shown in fig. 8, the side lobe directed in the obliquely upward direction is greatly weakened, and the side lobe directed to the ground is strengthened. Thereby reducing the interference to satellite signals and increasing the energy of the signals to the side lobes towards the ground more, improving the effect of communication.
The arrangement manner of the radiating elements of the array antenna 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application may also adopt a modification manner based on the antenna shown in fig. 3. Such as each column of radiating elements comprising a first radiating element group 311, a second radiating element group 312, a fifth radiating element group, a third radiating element group 313 and a fourth radiating element group 314. The fifth radiating element group is located between the second radiating element group 312 and the third radiating element group 313. And the center line of the radiating element of the fifth radiating element group is parallel to the ground. I.e. a transitional set of radiating elements is added between the second set of radiating elements 312 and the third set of radiating elements 313. When the structure is adopted, the side lobes pointing in the upward direction can be greatly weakened, and the side lobes pointing to the ground can be strengthened. Thereby reducing the interference to satellite signals and increasing the energy of the signals to the side lobes towards the ground more, improving the effect of communication.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 illustrates another arrangement of array antennas 30 according to an embodiment of the present application. Each row of radiating elements shown in fig. 9 is arranged in a curve, specifically, radiating elements in the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 are arranged in a curve. More specifically, the radiating elements in the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 are arranged in a parabolic manner. The included angle between the center line of each radiating element in the first radiating element group 311 and the ground gradually increases along the direction away from the ground. And the angle between the center line of each radiator in the second radiator set 312 and the ground increases gradually in the direction away from the ground. In addition, in the case of group division, an included angle between the center line of each radiating element in the first radiating element group 311 and the ground is larger than an included angle between the center line of each radiating element in the second radiating element group 312 and the ground. Thereby forming a gradual change of the main radiation direction of the radiating element from a direction parallel to the ground towards a direction pointing towards the ground in a direction away from the ground. The plurality of radiating elements of the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 constitute a parabola. As shown in fig. 10, the abscissa is the coordinate of the radiating element along the direction away from the ground, and the ordinate is the coordinate of the ground direction. The focus of the parabola formed by each row of radiation oscillator groups is f. The radiating elements in the first radiating element group 311 and the second radiating element group 312 satisfy: z (n) =4xfx (n) ζ2; (n=1 to M). Wherein M is the number of radiating oscillators in each column, and n is a positive integer. Z (n) is the reference local orientation coordinate of the radiating element in the coordinate system shown in fig. 4.
When the above structure is adopted, the side lobes directed obliquely upward are greatly weakened, while the side lobes directed toward the ground are strengthened. Thereby reducing the interference to satellite signals and increasing the energy of the signals to the side lobes towards the ground more, improving the effect of communication.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 illustrates another arrangement of radiating elements provided in an embodiment of the present application, and only one column of radiating elements is illustrated in fig. 11. Wherein, the first radiating oscillator group 311 and the second radiating oscillator group 312 are arranged in a fold line manner. The center line of each radiating element in the first radiating element group 311 has the same included angle with the ground in the direction away from the ground. And the included angle between the center line of each radiating element in the second radiating element group 312 and the ground is the same; and the plurality of radiating elements in the first radiating element group 311 and the plurality of radiating elements in the second radiating element group 312 are arranged in a fold line, and the corresponding assembling surface 321 also adopts a fold surface.
In fig. 11, the arrangement direction of the second radiator group 312 is a direction perpendicular to the ground, and the arrangement direction of the first radiator group 311 is arranged in a straight line and is inclined with respect to the ground. The array antenna 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application may also adopt a modified structure based on the arrangement shown in fig. 11.
For example, the first radiating element group 311 is arranged in a direction inclined with respect to the ground, and the second radiating element group 312 may be arranged in a manner inclined with respect to the ground. Wherein the tilt direction when the first radiating element groups 311 are arranged is the same as the tilt direction of the first radiating element groups 311, but the tilt angle is smaller than the tilt angle of the first radiating element groups 311.
Illustratively, the included angles between the center line of the radiating elements in the first radiating element group 311 and the ground are gradually changed gradually. At this time, the arrangement direction of the radiating elements of the second radiating element group 312 is perpendicular to the ground, the arrangement direction of the first radiating element group 311 is in an arc arrangement, and the concave direction faces the ground.
For example, the angles between the center line of the radiating elements of the second radiating element group 312 and the ground may be set in a gradual manner. The included angle between the center line of the radiating element of the first radiating element group 311 and the ground is the same.
When the structure shown in fig. 11 and the corresponding modified structure are adopted, the side flaps pointing in the upward direction in the oblique direction can be greatly weakened, and the side flaps pointing to the ground can be strengthened. Thereby reducing the interference to satellite signals and increasing the energy of the signals to the side lobes towards the ground more, improving the effect of communication.
Fig. 11 illustrates a case where one column of radiating elements includes only the first radiating element group and the second radiating element group. When each row of radiating oscillator groups comprises a first radiating oscillator group, a second radiating oscillator group, a third radiating oscillator group and a fourth radiating oscillator group, the fourth radiating oscillator can be arranged in a similar way to the first radiating oscillator group, and the bending direction of the fourth radiating oscillator group is opposite to the bending direction of the first radiating oscillator group. The third radiating element group and the second radiating element group are similar in structure. And will not be described in detail herein. When the structure is adopted, the side lobes pointing in the upward direction can be greatly weakened, and the side lobes pointing to the ground can be strengthened. Thereby reducing the interference to satellite signals and increasing the energy of the signals to the side lobes towards the ground more, improving the effect of communication.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes or substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (17)
- An array antenna, comprising: the array-arranged plurality of radiating oscillators comprises a first radiating oscillator group and a second radiating oscillator group, and the distance between the first radiating oscillator group and the ground is larger than that between the second radiating oscillator group and the ground; the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the first radiating oscillator group and the ground is larger than the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the second radiating oscillator group and the ground.
- The array antenna of claim 1, wherein a centerline of each radiating element of the first radiating element group is progressively more angled from ground in a direction away from ground.
- The array antenna of claim 2, wherein the centerline of each radiating element of the second radiating element group is progressively more angled from the ground in a direction away from the ground.
- The array antenna of claim 3, wherein the radiating elements in the first radiating element group and the second radiating element group are arranged in a curve.
- The array antenna of claim 4 wherein the radiating elements in the first radiating element group and the second radiating element group are arranged in a parabolic manner.
- The array antenna of any one of claims 1-5, wherein each column of radiating elements further comprises a third set of radiating elements and a fourth set of radiating elements; the fourth radiating oscillator group, the third radiating oscillator group, the second radiating oscillator group and the first radiating oscillator group are arranged along the direction far away from the ground; and the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the fourth radiating oscillator group and the ground is larger than the included angle between the central line of each radiating oscillator in the third radiating oscillator group and the ground.
- The array antenna of claim 6, wherein a center line of each of the third radiating element group and the fourth radiating element group is gradually reduced from the ground in a direction away from the ground.
- The array antenna of claim 7, wherein the radiating elements in the fourth radiating element group, the third radiating element group, the second radiating element group, and the first radiating element group are arranged in an S-shape.
- The array antenna of claim 1, wherein a center line of each radiating element of the first radiating element group is at the same angle to the ground in a direction away from the ground.
- The array antenna of claim 9, wherein a center line of each radiating element of the second radiating element group is at the same angle to the ground in a direction away from the ground; and the plurality of radiating oscillators in the first radiating oscillator group and the plurality of radiating oscillators in the second radiating oscillator group are arranged in a fold line.
- The array antenna of any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a carrier having a mounting face for carrying the plurality of radiating elements of the array arrangement; wherein,the assembly surface is a curved surface or a folded surface matched with the arrangement mode of each row of the radiating vibrators.
- An array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the plurality of radiating elements are arranged to transmit satellite frequency band signals.
- A base station comprising an array antenna according to any of claims 1-12 and a shaping module connected to each of the radiating elements of each column, and the shaping module satisfying: the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the first radiating element group is greater than the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the second radiating element group.
- The base station of claim 13, wherein the shaping module comprises a digital shaping module for adjusting an initial phase of a signal applied to each column of radiating elements, the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the first set of radiating elements being greater than the initial phase of the signal of each radiating element in the second set of radiating elements.
- The base station of claim 14, wherein the digital shaping module comprises a digital phase shifter for determining an initial phase of each radiating element; and a digital multiplier determining the amplitude of each radiating element.
- A base station according to any of claims 13-15, wherein the shaping module comprises an analog shaping module for adjusting an initial phase of a signal applied to each column of radiating elements, the initial phase of each radiating element of the first set of radiating elements being greater than the initial phase of each radiating element of the second set of radiating elements.
- The base station of claim 16, wherein the shaping module comprises a phase shifter for determining an initial phase of the signal for each radiating element, and a power divider for determining an amplitude of the signal for each radiating element.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2020/135964 WO2022120858A1 (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Array antenna and base station |
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| CN116569418A true CN116569418A (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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| CN (1) | CN116569418A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022120858A1 (en) |
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| EP2226890A1 (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2010-09-08 | Hitachi Cable, Ltd. | Mobile communication base station antenna |
| JP6334368B2 (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2018-05-30 | 株式会社東芝 | Antenna device |
| US10700762B2 (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2020-06-30 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Beam forming using an antenna arrangement |
| CN106129638B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-06-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and base station |
| JP6630773B2 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-01-15 | 株式会社フジクラ | antenna |
| CN111769372B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna assembly and wireless device |
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