CN116568844A - High-strength steel sheet excellent in workability and method for producing same - Google Patents
High-strength steel sheet excellent in workability and method for producing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN116568844A CN116568844A CN202180085081.8A CN202180085081A CN116568844A CN 116568844 A CN116568844 A CN 116568844A CN 202180085081 A CN202180085081 A CN 202180085081A CN 116568844 A CN116568844 A CN 116568844A
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- steel sheet
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 115
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 79
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 46
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 12
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001887 electron backscatter diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000794 TRIP steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Abstract
The present invention relates to a steel sheet that can be used for automobile parts and the like, and relates to a steel sheet excellent in balance of strength and ductility, balance of strength and hole expansibility, and yield ratio evaluation index, and a method for producing the same.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a steel sheet that can be used for automobile parts and the like, and to a steel sheet that has high strength characteristics and is excellent in workability, and a method for producing the same.
Background
In recent years, in order to protect global environment, the automobile industry is focusing attention on a method of ensuring safety of passengers while achieving weight reduction of materials. In order to meet such safety and weight reduction requirements, the use of high strength steel sheets is rapidly increasing. In general, it is known that as the strength of a steel sheet increases, the workability of the steel sheet decreases. Therefore, steel sheets for automobile parts are required to have high strength characteristics and excellent workability, typified by ductility, hole expansibility, and the like.
It is known that transformation induced plasticity (Transformation Induced Plasticity, TRIP) steel using transformation induced plasticity of retained austenite has a complex microstructure composed of ferrite, bainite, martensite, retained austenite, and the like, and thus has high strength characteristics and workability at a certain level or more.
As a technique for further improving workability of a steel sheet, patent document 1 and patent document 2 disclose a method of utilizing tempered martensite. Tempered martensite, which is produced by tempering (tempering) hard martensite, is soft martensite, and thus has a difference in strength between tempered martensite and conventional untempered martensite (neo-martensite). Therefore, when the new martensite is suppressed and tempered martensite is formed, the workability can be increased.
However, in the techniques disclosed in patent document 1 and patent document 2, a balance between tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) Failing to satisfy 3.0 x 10 6 To 6.2 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) This indicates that it is difficult to secure a steel sheet excellent in both strength and ductility.
Further, as another technique for improving workability of a steel sheet, patent document 3 discloses a method of inducing formation of bainite by adding boron (B). When boron (B) is added, ferrite-pearlite transformation is suppressed and bainite formation is induced, so that both strength and workability can be achieved.
However, in the technique disclosed in patent document 3, 3.0×10 cannot be ensured at the same time 6 To 6.2 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) A balance of tensile strength and elongation (B) TE )、6.0*10 6 To 11.5 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) Balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility (B) TH ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (I) of 0.15 to 0.42 YR ) This means that it is difficult to ensure strengthAnd a steel sheet excellent in hole expansibility, ductility and yield ratio.
That is, the balance between tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) And yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) A steel sheet excellent in both properties.
(prior art literature)
(patent document 1) Korean laid-open patent publication No. 10-2006-0116802
(patent document 2) Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2009-019258
(patent document 3) Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2016-216808
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a steel sheet having excellent balance of tensile strength and elongation, balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility, and yield ratio evaluation index by optimizing the composition and microstructure of the steel sheet, and a method of manufacturing the same.
The technical problems of the present invention are not limited to the above. Additional technical problems of the present invention are described throughout the specification, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the additional technical problems of the present invention through what is described in the specification of the present invention.
Technical proposal
The high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to one aspect of the present invention may contain C:0.1-0.25%, si:0.01-1.5%, mn:1.0-4.0%, al:0.01-1.5%, P:0.15% or less, S: less than 0.03%, N: less than 0.03%, B: from 0.0005 to 0.005%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the microstructure may comprise bainite, tempered martensite, neomartensite, retained austenite and other unavoidable structures, and the steel sheet may satisfy the following [ relation 1] and [ relation 2].
[ relation 1]
0.03≤[B] FM /[B] TM ≤0.55
In the relation 1, [ B ]] FM Is a new horseThe content (weight%) of boron (B) contained in the body, [ B] TM The content (wt%) of boron (B) contained in tempered martensite.
[ relation 2]
V(1.2μm，γ)/V(γ)≥0.12
In the above relation 2, V (1.2 μm, γ) is the fraction (vol%) of retained austenite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more, and V (γ) is the fraction (vol%) of retained austenite of the steel sheet.
The steel sheet may further comprise any one or more of the following (1) to (8) in weight%.
(1) Ti:0-0.5%, nb:0-0.5% and V:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(2) Cr:0-3.0% and Mo:0-3.0% of one or more kinds of components,
(3) Cu:0-4.0% and Ni:0-4.0% of one or more kinds of components,
(4) Ca: REM except 0-0.05%, Y: 0-0.05% and Mg:0-0.05% of one or more of the following components,
(5) W:0-0.5% and Zr:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(6) Sb:0-0.5% and Sn:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(7) Y:0-0.2% and Hf:0-0.2% of one or more of the following components,
(8)Co：0-1.5％。
the microstructure of the steel sheet may include 10-30% bainite, 50-70% tempered martensite, 10-30% neo-martensite, 2-10% residual austenite, and 5% or less (including 0%) ferrite in terms of volume fraction.
The steel sheet is represented by the following [ relational expression 3]]Expressed as a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Can satisfy 3.0 x 10 6 To 6.2 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) The method is represented by the following [ relational expression 4]]Expressed as a balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Can satisfy 6.0 x 10 6 To 11.5 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) The method is represented by the following [ relational expression 5]]Expressed as a yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) 0.15 to 0.42 may be satisfied.
[ relation 3]
B TE = [ tensile Strength (TS, MPa)] 2 * [ elongation (El,%)] 1/2
[ relation 4]
B TH = [ tensile Strength (TS, MPa)] 2 * [ hole expansion Rate (HER,%)] 1/2
[ relation 5]
I YR =1- [ Yield Ratio (YR)]
The method of manufacturing a high strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to an aspect of the present invention may include the steps of: providing a cold rolled steel sheet comprising, in weight-%: c:0.1-0.25%, si:0.01-1.5%, mn:1.0-4.0%, al:0.01-1.5%, P:0.15% or less, S: less than 0.03%, N: less than 0.03%, B:0.0005-0.005%, the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities; heating the cold rolled steel sheet to 700 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or more (primary heating), heating to a temperature range of Ac3 to 920 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or less (secondary heating), and then holding for 50-1200 seconds (primary holding); cooling the steel sheet held once to a temperature range of 350-550 ℃ at an average cooling rate of 2-100 ℃/sec (primary cooling), and then holding for 5-600 seconds (secondary holding); cooling the secondarily maintained steel sheet to a temperature range of 200-400 ℃ at an average cooling rate of 2-100 ℃/sec (secondary cooling); heating the secondarily cooled steel plate to a temperature range of 350-550 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5-100 ℃/sec (three heats), and then maintaining for more than 50 seconds (three maintains); the steel sheet held three times is cooled to normal temperature (three times cooling) at an average cooling rate of 1 ℃/sec or more.
The steel slab may further comprise any one of the following (1) to (8).
(1) Ti:0-0.5%, nb:0-0.5% and V:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(2) Cr:0-3.0% and Mo:0-3.0% of one or more kinds of components,
(3) Cu:0-4.0% and Ni:0-4.0% of one or more kinds of components,
(4) Ca: REM except 0-0.05%, Y: 0-0.05% and Mg:0-0.05% of one or more of the following components,
(5) W:0-0.5% and Zr:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(6) Sb:0-0.5% and Sn:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(7) Y:0-0.2% and Hf:0-0.2% of one or more of the following components,
(8)Co：0-1.5％。
the cold rolled steel sheet may be provided by: heating the steel billet to 1000-1350 ℃; performing finish hot rolling at 800-1000deg.C; rolling the hot rolled steel plate at the temperature of 350-650 ℃; pickling the rolled steel plate; and cold rolling the pickled steel sheet at a reduction of 30-90%.
Advantageous effects
According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, there can be provided a steel sheet having excellent balance of tensile strength and ductility, balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility, and yield ratio evaluation index and suitable for use as automobile parts and the like, and a method for producing the same.
Best mode for carrying out the invention
The present invention relates to a high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability and a method for producing the same, and preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention to the embodiments set forth below. This particular embodiment is provided to illustrate the present invention in more detail to those skilled in the art.
The inventors of the present invention have recognized that in a boron (B) -added transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel containing bainite, tempered martensite, new martensite, and retained austenite, when the structure fraction of tempered martensite, new martensite, and retained austenite is controlled within a certain range, and the boron (B) content contained in tempered martensite and new martensite is controlled within a certain range, the shape and size of retained austenite are controlled within a certain range, it is possible to simultaneously secure an excellent balance of tensile strength and ductility, an excellent balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility, and an excellent yield ratio evaluation index. In view of this, the present invention has been completed by designing a method that can effectively achieve excellent strength, yield ratio, ductility and hole expansibility.
Hereinafter, a high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to an aspect of the present invention will be described in detail.
The high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to one aspect of the present invention may include, in weight percent: c:0.1-0.25%, si:0.01-1.5%, mn:1.0-4.0%, al:0.01-1.5%, P:0.15% or less, S: less than 0.03%, N: less than 0.03%, B: from 0.0005 to 0.005%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the microstructure may comprise bainite, tempered martensite, neomartensite, retained austenite and other unavoidable structures, and the steel sheet may satisfy the following [ relation 1] and [ relation 2].
[ relation 1]
0.03≤[B] FM /[B] TM ≤0.55
In the relation 1, [ B ]] FM Is the content (weight%) of boron (B) contained in the nascent martensite, [ B ]] TM The content (wt%) of boron (B) contained in tempered martensite.
[ relation 2]
V(1.2μm，γ)/V(γ)≥0.12
In the above relation 2, V (1.2 μm, γ) is the fraction (vol%) of retained austenite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more, and V (γ) is the fraction (vol%) of retained austenite of the steel sheet.
The steel composition of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Hereinafter, unless otherwise indicated, the percentages indicating the contents of the respective elements are based on weight.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a high strength steel sheet excellent in workability comprises, in weight percent: c:0.1-0.25%, si:0.01-1.5%, mn:1.0-4.0%, al:0.01-1.5%, P:0.15% or less, S: less than 0.03%, N: less than 0.03%, B:0.0005-0.005%, the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. Furthermore, it may further comprise: ti: less than 0.5% (including 0%), nb: below 0.5% (including 0%), V: less than 0.5% (including 0%), cr: less than 3.0% (including 0%), mo: below 3.0% (including 0%), cu: below 4.0% (including 0%), ni: below 4.0% (including 0%), ca: less than 0.05% (including 0%), REM except Y: less than 0.05% (including 0%), mg: less than 0.05% (including 0%), W: less than 0.5% (including 0%), zr:0.5% or less (including 0%), sb:0.5% or less (including 0%), sn: below 0.5% (including 0%), Y:0.2% or less (including 0%), hf: below 0.2% (including 0%), co:1.5% or less (including 0%) of one or more of the following components.
Carbon (C): 0.1-0.25%
Carbon (C) is an element necessary for securing strength of the steel sheet, and is an element for stabilizing residual austenite contributing to improvement of ductility of the steel sheet. Therefore, in order to achieve the above-described effects, the present invention may contain 0.1% or more of carbon (C). The preferable carbon (C) content may be more than 0.1%, and may be 0.11% or more or 0.12% or more. On the other hand, when the carbon (C) content exceeds a certain level, ductility decreases due to an excessive increase in strength, and weldability may be deteriorated. Therefore, the upper limit of the carbon (C) content can be limited to 0.25% in the present invention. The carbon (C) content may be 0.24% or less, and more preferably the carbon (C) content may be 0.23% or less.
Silicon (Si): 0.01-1.5% below
Silicon (Si) is an element contributing to an improvement in strength by solid solution strengthening, and also an element improving workability by homogenizing a structure. Silicon (Si) is an element that contributes to the formation of retained austenite by suppressing cementite precipitation. Therefore, in order to achieve the above-described effects, silicon (Si) may be added in an amount of 0.01% or more in the present invention. The preferable silicon (Si) content may be 0.02% or more, and the more preferable silicon (Si) content may be 0.04% or more. However, when the silicon (Si) content exceeds a certain level, a problem of plating defects such as non-plating is caused in the plating process and the weldability of the steel sheet may be lowered, so that the upper limit of the silicon (Si) content may be limited to 1.5% in the present invention. The upper limit of the preferable silicon (Si) content may be 1.48%, and the upper limit of the more preferable silicon (Si) content may be 1.46%.
Manganese (Mn): 1.0-4.0%
Manganese (Mn) is a useful element to improve both strength and ductility. Therefore, in order to achieve the above-described effects, manganese (Mn) may be added in an amount of 1.0% or more in the present invention. The lower limit of the preferable manganese (Mn) content may be 1.2%, and the lower limit of the more preferable manganese (Mn) content may be 1.4%. On the other hand, when too much manganese (Mn) is added, the bainitic transformation time increases, and the enrichment of carbon (C) in austenite is insufficient, so that there is a problem that a desired austenite fraction cannot be ensured. Therefore, the upper limit of the manganese (Mn) content can be limited to 4.0% in the present invention. The upper limit of the preferred manganese (Mn) content may be 3.9%.
Aluminum (Al): 0.01-1.5%
Aluminum (Al) is an element that plays a deoxidizing role by combining with oxygen in steel. Further, aluminum (Al) is an element that stabilizes retained austenite by suppressing precipitation of cementite, like silicon (Si). Therefore, in order to achieve the above-described effects, aluminum (Al) may be added in an amount of 0.01% or more in the present invention. The preferable aluminum (Al) content may be 0.03% or more, and the more preferable aluminum (Al) content may be 0.05% or more. On the other hand, when too much aluminum (Al) is added, inclusions of the steel sheet increase and workability of the steel sheet may be lowered, so that the upper limit of the aluminum (Al) content may be limited to 1.5% in the present invention. The preferable upper limit of the aluminum (Al) content may be 1.48%.
Phosphorus (P): less than 0.15% (including 0%)
Phosphorus (P) is an element that is contained as an impurity and deteriorates impact toughness. Therefore, the content of phosphorus (P) is preferably controlled to 0.15% or less.
Sulfur (S): less than 0.03% (including 0%)
Sulfur (S) is an element that is contained as an impurity and forms MnS in the steel sheet and deteriorates ductility. Therefore, the content of sulfur (S) is preferably 0.03% or less.
Nitrogen (N): less than 0.03% (including 0%)
Nitrogen (N) is an element that is contained as an impurity and forms nitride in continuous casting to cause cracking of a slab. Therefore, the nitrogen (N) content is preferably 0.03% or less.
Boron (B): 0.0005-0.005%
Boron (B) is an element that improves strength by improving hardenability, and is also an element that suppresses nucleation of grain boundaries. Further, the present invention aims to simultaneously ensure excellent balance of tensile strength and elongation, excellent balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility, and excellent yield ratio evaluation index by enrichment of boron (B) in tempered martensite, and therefore boron (B) must be added in the present invention. Therefore, in order to achieve the above-described effect, boron (B) may be added in an amount of 0.0005% or more in the present invention. However, when the added boron (B) exceeds a certain level, not only the characteristic effect is excessive but also the manufacturing cost is increased, so that the upper limit of the content of boron (B) can be limited to 0.005% in the present invention.
In addition to the above alloy components, the steel sheet of the present invention has an alloy composition that may be further contained, and this will be described in detail below.
Titanium (Ti): 0-0.5%, niobium (Nb): 0-0.5% and vanadium (V): 0-0.5% of one or more of
Titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb) and vanadium (V) are elements that refine crystal grains by forming precipitates, and are also elements that contribute to improvement of strength and impact toughness of a steel sheet, and therefore, one or more of titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb) and vanadium (V) may be added in the present invention for the above-described effects. However, when the respective contents of titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), and vanadium (V) exceed a certain level, excessive precipitates are formed, and thus the impact toughness is lowered, and the cause of increasing the manufacturing cost is also raised, so that the contents of titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), and vanadium (V) can be limited to 0.5% or less, respectively, in the present invention.
Chromium (Cr): 0-3.0% and molybdenum (Mo): 0-3.0% of one or more than one kind of
Chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) inhibit austenite decomposition during alloying treatment, and, like manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) are elements that stabilize austenite, so one or more of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) may be added in the present invention for the effects described above. However, when the contents of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) exceed a certain level, the amount of carbon (C) in austenite is insufficient due to an increase in bainite transformation time, and thus a desired residual austenite fraction cannot be ensured. Therefore, the contents of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) in the present invention can be limited to 3.0% or less, respectively.
Copper (Cu): 0-4.0% and nickel (Ni): 0-4.0% of one or more than one kind of
Copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) are elements that stabilize austenite and inhibit corrosion. Copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) are elements that are concentrated on the surface of the steel sheet and inhibit hydrogen-induced delayed fracture by preventing hydrogen migration into the steel sheet. Therefore, in order to achieve the above-described effects, one or more of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) may be added in the present invention. However, when the content of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) exceeds a certain level, the characteristic effect becomes excessive and causes an increase in manufacturing cost, so that the content of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) can be limited to 4.0% or less, respectively, in the present invention.
Calcium (Ca): 0-0.05%, magnesium (Mg): 0-0.05% and rare earth element (REM) other than yttrium (Y): 0-0.05% of one or more of
Wherein the rare earth element (REM) refers to scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y) and lanthanoid elements. Since the rare earth element (REM) other than calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and yttrium (Y) is an element contributing to the improvement of ductility of the steel sheet by spheroidizing sulfide, one or more of the rare earth elements (REM) other than calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and yttrium (Y) may be added in the present invention for the above-described effects. However, when the content of the rare earth element (REM) other than calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and yttrium (Y) exceeds a certain level, excessive characteristic effects are caused and cause of increasing the manufacturing cost, so that the content of the rare earth element (REM) other than calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and yttrium (Y) can be limited to 0.05% or less, respectively, in the present invention.
Tungsten (W): 0-0.5% and zirconium (Zr): 0-0.5% of one or more of
Since tungsten (W) and zirconium (Zr) are elements that increase the strength of the steel sheet by improving hardenability, one or more of tungsten (W) and zirconium (Zr) may be added in the present invention for the above-described effects. However, when the contents of tungsten (W) and zirconium (Zr) exceed a certain level, the characteristic effect becomes excessive and causes an increase in manufacturing cost, so that the contents of tungsten (W) and zirconium (Zr) can be respectively limited to 0.5% or less in the present invention.
Antimony (Sb): 0-0.5% and tin (Sn): 0-0.5% of one or more of
Since antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) are elements that improve plating wettability and plating adhesion of a steel sheet, one or more of antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) may be added in the present invention for the above-described effects. However, when the contents of antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) exceed a certain level, brittleness of the steel sheet increases, and cracks may occur at the time of hot working or cold working, so that the contents of antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) may be limited to 0.5% or less, respectively, in the present invention.
Yttrium (Y): 0-0.2% and hafnium (Hf): 0-0.2% of one or more of
Since yttrium (Y) and hafnium (Hf) are elements for improving corrosion resistance of the steel sheet, one or more of yttrium (Y) and hafnium (Hf) may be added in the present invention for the above-described effects. However, when the contents of yttrium (Y) and hafnium (Hf) exceed a certain level, ductility of the steel sheet may be deteriorated, and thus the contents of yttrium (Y) and hafnium (Hf) may be limited to 0.2% or less, respectively, in the present invention.
Cobalt (Co): 0-1.5%
Cobalt (Co) is an element that increases the TRIP effect by promoting bainite transformation, and thus, cobalt (Co) may be added to the present invention for the effect as described above. However, when the content of cobalt (Co) exceeds a certain level, weldability and ductility of the steel sheet may be deteriorated, and thus the content of cobalt (Co) may be limited to 1.5% or less in the present invention.
The high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to one aspect of the present invention may contain the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities in addition to the above-described components. However, in the usual manufacturing process, unwanted impurities are inevitably mixed in from the raw materials or the surrounding environment, and therefore these impurities cannot be completely removed. These impurities are well known to those skilled in the art and are therefore not specifically mentioned in the present specification in their entirety. Further addition of the effective components other than the above components is not completely excluded.
In the high strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to an aspect of the present invention, the microstructure may include bainite, tempered Martensite (Tempered Martensite), newly formed Martensite (Fresh Martensite), retained austenite, and other unavoidable structures.
Both untempered martensite (new martensite, FM) and tempered martensite (tempered martensite, TM) are microstructures that increase the strength of the steel sheet. However, as compared with tempered martensite, new martensite has a characteristic of reducing ductility and burring properties of the steel sheet. Furthermore, the nascent martensite tends to decrease the yield ratio of the steel sheet as compared with the tempered martensite. This is because the microstructure of tempered martensite is softened due to tempering heat treatment. Thus, in order to ensure the balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS) 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (1-YR), preferably controlling the microstructure fraction of tempered martensite and neomartensite. To meet 3.0 x 10 6 The balance of tensile Strength and elongation (TS) 2 *EL 1/2 )、6.0*10 6 The balance between tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (1-YR) of 0.42 or less, the fraction of tempered martensite is preferably limited to 50% by volume or more, and the fraction of neo-martensite is preferably limited to 10% by volume or more. More preferably, the fraction of tempered martensite may be 52 vol% or more or 54 vol% or more, and still more preferably, the fraction of neomartensite may be 12 vol% or more. On the other hand, when tempered martensite or nascent martensite is excessively formed, ductility and burring properties are reduced, and eventually 3.0×10 cannot be satisfied at the same time 6 The balance of tensile Strength and elongation (TS) 2 *EL 1/2 )、6.0*10 6 The balance between tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (1-YR) of 0.42 or less. Therefore, in the present invention, the fraction of tempered martensite may be limited to 70% by volume or less, and the fraction of neomartensite may be limited to 30% by volume or less. More preferably temperingThe fraction of martensite may be 68% by volume or less or 65% by volume or less, and more preferably the fraction of neomartensite may be 25% by volume or less.
To ensure the balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS) at the level desired in the present invention 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And yield ratio evaluation index (1-YR), the fraction of bainite must be optimized. To ensure 3.0 x 10 6 The balance of tensile Strength and elongation (TS) 2 *EL 1/2 )、6.0*10 6 The balance between tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (1-YR) of 0.42 or less, preferably the fraction of bainite is controlled to 10% by volume or more. More preferably, the fraction of bainite may be 12% by volume or more or 14% by volume or more. On the other hand, when too much bainite is formed, a decrease in fraction of tempered martensite is eventually induced, so that in order to secure a desired balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (1-YR), the fraction of bainite may be limited to 30% by volume or less. The fraction of preferred bainite may be 12% by volume or more or 14% by volume or less or 28% by volume or less or 26% by volume or less.
The steel sheet including the residual austenite has excellent ductility and workability by transformation-induced plasticity generated when transforming from austenite to martensite during the working process. When the fraction of retained austenite is less than a certain level, the balance between tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) Therefore, it is not preferable. In addition, when the fraction of the retained austenite exceeds a certain level, local Elongation (Local Elongation) may be reduced, or spot weldability may be reduced. Thus, in order to obtain a balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) The fraction of retained austenite in the present invention can be limited to a range of 2 to 10% for an excellent steel sheet. The fraction of preferred retained austenite may be 3% by volume or more or 8% by volume% or less.
thesteelsheetofthepresentinventionmaycontainferrite,pearlite,islandmartensite(martensiteaustenitecomponent(MartensiteAusteniteConstituent),M-a)andthelikeasunavoidablestructures. When too much ferrite is formed, the strength of the steel sheet may be lowered, and thus the fraction of ferrite may be limited to 5% by volume (including 0%) or less in the present invention. Also, when too much pearlite is formed, workability of the steel sheet may be lowered or the fraction of retained austenite may be lowered, and thus the present invention aims to limit the formation of pearlite as much as possible.
The high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to one aspect of the present invention may satisfy the following [ relational expression 1] and [ relational expression 2].
[ relation 1]
0.03≤[B] FM /[B] TM ≤0.55
In the relation 1, [ B ]] FM Is the content (weight%) of boron (B) contained in the nascent martensite, [ B ]] TM The content (wt%) of boron (B) contained in tempered martensite.
[ relation 2]
V(1.2μm，γ)/V(γ)≥0.12
In the above relation 2, V (1.2 μm, γ) is the fraction (vol%) of retained austenite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more, and V (γ) is the fraction (vol%) of retained austenite of the steel sheet.
To ensure the desired balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (1-YR), in which the structure fractions of tempered martensite, neomartensite and retained austenite can be controlled to a certain range, the content ratio of boron (B) contained in tempered martensite and neomartensite can be controlled to a certain range, and the ratio of retained austenite of a specific size, shape and kind to the entire retained austenite can be controlled to a certain range.
In the present invention, as in relation 1]As shown, the content of boron (B) contained in the nascent martensite ([ B)] FM Weight%) and the content ([ B ] of boron (B) contained in tempered martensite] TM Weight%) is controlled in the range of 0.03 to 0.55, thus ensuring at the same time 3.0 x 10 6 To 6.2 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) A balance of tensile strength and elongation (B) TE )、6.0*10 6 To 11.5 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) Balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility (B) TH ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (I) of 0.15 to 0.42 YR )。
As a result of intensive studies on a method for securing physical properties of a boron (B) -added TRIP steel, the inventors of the present invention have noted that, although the theoretical basis has not been clarified clearly, the desired physical properties of the present invention can be secured when the ratio of the boron (B) content contained in the new martensite to the boron (B) content contained in the tempered martensite satisfies a certain range. In particular, it was confirmed that the yield ratio of the steel sheet tended to be constant depending on the content ratio of boron (B) contained in tempered martensite and neo-martensite. Thus, in the present invention, as in [ relation 1 ]]As shown, the ratio of the boron (B) content contained in the nascent martensite to the boron (B) content contained in the tempered martensite is limited to the range of 0.03 to 0.55, and thus a desired balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS) can be ensured 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And a yield ratio evaluation index (1-YR).
Furthermore, the inventors of the present invention have recognized that not only the fraction of retained austenite but also the ratio of retained austenite of a specific size to the entire retained austenite is an important factor for ensuring strength and workability.
As the proportion of retained austenite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more in the retained austenite increases, it is possible to contribute to improvement of workability of the steel sheet. The retained austenite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more is retained austenite having an average size increased by heat treatment at a bainite formation temperature, and has a structure in which a transformation driving force to martensite is relatively suppressed as compared with retained austenite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or less. Therefore, the transformation of retained austenite to martensite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more is suppressed, and therefore, when the proportion of retained austenite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more is a certain level or more, the workability of the steel sheet can be further improved.
In the present invention, as in relation 2]As shown, the ratio of the fraction of retained austenite (V (1.2 μm, γ) having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more to the fraction of the entire retained austenite (V (γ)) contained in the steel sheet is controlled to 0.12 or more, and therefore the desired balance (TS) between tensile strength and elongation can be effectively ensured 2 *EL 1/2 ) And a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 )。
In the high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to one aspect of the present invention, the steel sheet is produced by the following [ relational expression 3 ]Expressed as a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Can satisfy 3.0 x 10 6 To 6.2 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) And is represented by the following [ relation 4]]Expressed as a balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Can satisfy 6.0 x 10 6 To 11.5 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) And is represented by the following [ relational expression 5]]Expressed as a yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) 0.15 to 0.42 may be satisfied.
[ relation 3]
B TE = [ tensile Strength (TS, MPa)] 2 * [ elongation (El,%)] 1/2
[ relation 4]
B TH = [ tensile Strength (TS, MPa)] 2 * [ hole expansion Rate (HER,%)] 1/2
[ relation 5]
I YR =1- [ Yield Ratio (YR)]
Hereinafter, an example of a method of manufacturing the steel sheet of the present invention will be described in detail.
The method of manufacturing a high strength steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention may include the steps of: heating a cold rolled steel sheet having a predetermined alloy composition to 700 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or more (primary heating), heating to a temperature range of Ac3 to 920 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or less (secondary heating), and then holding for 50-1200 seconds (primary holding); cooling the steel sheet held once to a temperature range of 350-550 ℃ at an average cooling rate of 2-100 ℃/sec (primary cooling), and then holding for 5-600 seconds (secondary holding); cooling the secondarily maintained steel sheet to a temperature range of 200-400 ℃ at an average cooling rate of 2-100 ℃/sec (secondary cooling); heating the secondarily cooled steel plate to a temperature range of 350-550 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5-100 ℃/sec (three heats), and then maintaining for more than 50 seconds (three maintains); the steel sheet held three times is cooled to normal temperature (three times cooling) at an average cooling rate of 1 ℃/sec or more.
The cold rolled steel sheet may be provided by: heating a billet having a predetermined alloy composition to 1000-1350 ℃; performing finish hot rolling at 800-1000deg.C; rolling the hot rolled steel plate at the temperature of 350-650 ℃; pickling the rolled steel plate; and cold rolling the pickled steel sheet at a reduction of 30-90%.
Preparation and heating of billets
A billet having a predetermined alloy composition is prepared. Since the steel slab of the present invention has an alloy composition corresponding to the alloy composition of the steel sheet, the description of the alloy composition of the steel sheet is replaced with the description of the alloy composition of the steel slab.
The prepared billet may be heated to a temperature range, and the heating temperature of the billet at this time may be in the range of 1000 to 1350 ℃. When the heating temperature of the steel slab is lower than 1000 ℃, hot rolling may be performed in a temperature range below a desired hot finish rolling temperature range, and when the heating temperature of the steel slab exceeds 1350 ℃, the steel may reach a melting point of the steel and melt.
Hot rolling and winding
The heated steel slab may be hot rolled to provide a hot rolled steel sheet. The hot finish rolling temperature at the time of hot rolling is preferably in the range of 800 to 1000 ℃. When the hot finish rolling temperature is less than 800 ℃, an excessive rolling load may become a problem, and when the hot finish rolling temperature exceeds 1000 ℃, coarse grains of the hot rolled steel sheet are formed, and thus, a decrease in physical properties of the final steel sheet may be caused.
The hot rolled steel sheet after the hot rolling may be cooled at an average cooling rate of 10 c/sec or more and may be rolled up at a temperature ranging from 350 to 650 c. This is because, when the winding temperature is lower than 350 ℃, winding is not easy, and when the winding temperature exceeds 650 ℃, surface scale (scale) is formed to the inside of the hot rolled steel sheet, and thus pickling may be difficult.
Pickling and cold rolling
After the rolled hot rolled coil is unwound, pickling may be performed and cold rolling may be performed in order to remove scale formed on the surface of the steel sheet. The pickling and cold rolling conditions are not particularly limited in the present invention, but it is preferable to perform cold rolling at a cumulative rolling reduction of 30 to 90%. When the cumulative reduction of the cold rolling exceeds 90%, it may be difficult to perform the cold rolling in a short time due to the high strength of the steel sheet.
The cold-rolled steel sheet may be manufactured into an unplated cold-rolled steel sheet through an annealing heat treatment process, or a plated steel sheet may be manufactured through a plating process in order to impart corrosion resistance. The plating may be performed by a plating method such as hot dip galvanizing, electro-galvanizing, hot dip aluminizing, or the like, and the method and kind thereof are not particularly limited.
Annealing heat treatment
In the present invention, an annealing heat treatment process is performed in order to secure both strength and workability of the steel sheet.
The cold rolled steel sheet is heated to 700 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or more (primary heating), heated to a temperature range of Ac3 to 920 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or less (secondary heating), and then held for 50-1200 seconds (primary holding).
When the average heating rate of one heating to 700 ℃ is less than 5 ℃/sec, bulk austenite is formed from ferrite and cementite formed during the heating, and as a result, fine tempered martensite and retained austenite cannot be formed as a final structure. Therefore, the desired balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) And a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ). This isIn addition, when the secondary heating rate up to the primary holding temperature exceeds 5 ℃/sec, transformation from cementite formed during heating to austenite is accelerated, massive austenite is formed in large amounts, the final structure is coarsened, and boron (B) cannot be sufficiently enriched in tempered martensite. Thus, [ B ]] FM /[B] TM Exceeding 0.55, and cannot achieve a desired level of balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And yield ratio evaluation index (I YR )。
When the primary holding temperature is less than Ac3 (two-phase region), 5% by volume or more of ferrite is formed, and thus the balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) And a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced. Further, when the one-time holding time is less than 50 seconds, the structure is not sufficiently homogenized, and thus the physical properties of the steel sheet may be lowered. The upper limits of the primary holding temperature and primary holding time are not particularly limited, but in order to prevent the decrease in toughness due to coarsening of crystal grains, the primary holding temperature is preferably limited to 920 ℃ or less, and the primary holding time is preferably limited to 1200 seconds or less.
After the primary holding, it is possible to cool down to a temperature range of 350 to 550 ℃ at a primary cooling rate having an average cooling rate of 2 ℃/sec or more (primary cooling), and then hold for 5 seconds or more in the corresponding temperature range (secondary holding). When the average cooling rate of the primary cooling is less than 2 deg.c/sec, the fraction of retained austenite becomes insufficient due to slow cooling, so that the balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) And a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced. The upper limit of the average cooling rate of the primary cooling is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 ℃ or lower. When the secondary holding temperature is lower than 350 ℃, V (1.2 μm, gamma)/V (gamma) of the steel sheet and the balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility (TS) are due to the low heat treatment temperature 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced. On the other hand, when the secondary holding temperature exceeds 550 ℃, the retained austenite is insufficient, and the steel sheetBalance of tensile Strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) And a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced. Further, when the secondary holding time is less than 5 seconds, the heat treatment time is insufficient, so that V (1.2 μm, gamma)/V (gamma) of the steel sheet and the balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced. The upper limit of the secondary holding time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 600 seconds or less.
After the secondary holding, the primary cooling end temperature (secondary cooling) of 200 to 400 ℃ can be cooled at an average cooling rate of 2 ℃/sec or more. When the average cooling rate of the secondary cooling is less than 2 deg.c/sec, the fraction of retained austenite becomes insufficient due to the slow cooling, and thus the balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced. The upper limit of the average cooling rate of the secondary cooling is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 ℃ per second or less. When the primary cooling termination temperature is lower than 200 ℃, excessive tempered martensite is formed and retained austenite is insufficient, so that the steel sheet has a balance of V (1.2 μm, gamma)/V (gamma), tensile strength and elongation (TS) 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced. On the other hand, when the primary cooling termination temperature exceeds 400 ℃, excessive bainite is formed and tempered martensite is insufficient, so that the balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) And a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced.
After the secondary cooling, the heated material may be heated to a temperature range of 350 to 550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or more on average (three times of heating), and then held for 50 seconds or more (three times of holding). The upper limit of the average heating rate of the three times of heating is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 ℃ per second or less. When the three-time holding temperature is lower than 350 ℃ or the three-time holding time is less than 50 seconds, excessive tempered martensite is formed, and thus it is difficult to secure the fraction of retained austenite. As a result, V (1.2 μm, γ)/V (γ), pullBalance of tensile Strength and elongation (TS 2 *EL 1/2 ) And a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced. When the three-time holding temperature exceeds 550℃or the three-time holding time exceeds 155000 seconds, the fraction of retained austenite is insufficient, and thus the steel sheet has a balance of V (1.2 μm, gamma)/V (gamma), tensile strength and elongation (TS) 2 *EL 1/2 ) And a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) May be reduced.
After the three-time holding, the temperature may be cooled to normal temperature (three-time cooling) at an average cooling rate of 1 ℃/sec or more.
In the high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability manufactured by the above manufacturing method, the microstructure may include bainite, tempered martensite, neomartensite, retained austenite, and other unavoidable structures, and as a preferable example, 10 to 30% of bainite, 50 to 70% of tempered martensite, 10 to 30% of neomartensite, 2 to 10% of retained austenite, 5% or less (including 0%) of ferrite may be included in terms of volume fraction.
The steel sheet produced by the above-described production method is represented by the following [ relational expression 3]Expressed as a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Can satisfy 3.0 x 10 6 To 6.2 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) The method is represented by the following [ relational expression 4]]Expressed as a balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Can satisfy 6.0 x 10 6 To 11.5 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) The method is represented by the following [ relational expression 5]]Expressed as a yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) 0.15 to 0.42 may be satisfied.
[ relation 3]
B TE = [ tensile Strength (TS, MPa)] 2 * [ elongation (El,%)] 1/2
[ relation 4]
B TH = [ tensile Strength (TS, MPa)] 2 * [ hole expansion Rate (HER,%)] 1/2
[ relation 5]
I YR =1- [ Yield Ratio (YR)]
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability and a method for manufacturing the same according to an aspect of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only for understanding the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention. The scope of the invention is determined by what is recited in the claims and what is reasonably derived therefrom.
Example (example)
Billets having a thickness of 100mm and having the alloy compositions (balance Fe and unavoidable impurities) described in table 1 below were produced, heated at 1200 ℃ and then finish hot rolled at 900 ℃. Thereafter, cooling was performed at an average cooling rate of 30 ℃ per second, and rolling was performed at rolling temperatures of tables 2 and 3, thereby manufacturing hot rolled steel sheets having a thickness of 3 mm. Thereafter, pickling was performed to remove surface scale, and then cold rolling was performed to a thickness of 1.5 mm.
Thereafter, heat treatment was performed under annealing heat treatment conditions described in tables 2 to 5 below, thereby manufacturing steel sheets. In tables 2 and 3 below, the single phase region represents the temperature range of Ac3 to 920 ℃, and the two phase region represents the temperature range below Ac3 ℃.
The microstructure of the steel sheet manufactured as described above was observed, and the results are shown in tables 6 and 7. The polished section of the test piece was etched with a nitrate alcohol solution, and then ferrite (F), bainite (B), tempered Martensite (TM), neo-martensite (FM) and pearlite (P) in the microstructure were observed by SEM. After etching with the nitric acid alcohol solution, the structure having no irregularities on the test piece surface was classified as ferrite, and the structure having a layered structure of cementite and ferrite was classified as pearlite. Since it was observed that both bainite (B) and Tempered Martensite (TM) had lath and block morphology and were difficult to distinguish, the expansion curve was used to calculate the fraction of bainite and tempered martensite after expansion evaluation. That is, the value obtained by subtracting the fraction of tempered martensite calculated from the expansion curve from the fraction of bainite and tempered martensite measured by SEM observation is determined as the fraction of bainite. In addition, the nascent martensite (FM) and the retained austenite (retained γ) are also difficult to distinguish, and thus a value obtained by subtracting the fraction of retained austenite calculated by the X-ray diffraction method from the fraction of martensite and retained austenite observed by the SEM is determined as a nascent martensite fraction.
In addition, [ B ] of the steel sheet] FM /[B] TM V (1.2 μm, gamma)/V (gamma), balance of tensile strength and elongation (TS) 2 *EL 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (TS 2 *HER 1/2 ) And yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) Measurements and evaluations were performed, and the results thereof are shown in tables 8 and 9.
For the boron (B) content ([ B)] FM ) And boron (B) content ([ B ] in tempered martensite] TM ) Determined by using the concentration of boron (B) measured in the newly formed martensite and tempered martensite using an electron probe microanalyzer (Electron Probe Micro Analyser, EPMA). The retained austenite (V (1.2 μm, γ)) having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more is measured by using a Phase Map (Phase Map) of electron back scattering diffraction (Electron Backscatter Diffraction, EBSD).
The Tensile Strength (TS) and elongation (El) were evaluated by a tensile test, and based on a direction of 90 ° relative to the rolling direction of the rolled sheet, test pieces were taken and evaluated according to JIS No. 5 standard, whereby the Tensile Strength (TS) and elongation (El) were measured. The Hole Expansion Ratio (HER) was evaluated by a hole expansion test, and after forming a punched hole of 10mm ψ (die inner diameter 10.3mm, clearance 12.5%), a conical punch having a top angle of 60 ° was inserted into the punched hole in a direction in which the burr (burr) of the punched hole became outside, and the peripheral portion of the punched hole was pressed and expanded at a moving speed of 20 mm/min, and then calculated by the following [ relational expression 6 ].
[ relation 6]
Hole expansion ratio (HER,%) = { (D-D) 0 )/D 0 }×100
In the above-mentioned relation 6, D represents the pore diameter (mm) when the crack penetrates the steel sheet in the thickness direction, D 0 The initial pore size (mm) is indicated.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
TABLE 7
TABLE 8
TABLE 9
As shown in the tables 1 to 9,it can be seen that the test pieces satisfying the conditions set forth in the present invention satisfy the following relation 1]And [ relation 2]Balance of tensile Strength and elongation (B TE ) Satisfy 3.0 x 10 6 To 6.2 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Satisfy 6.0 x 10 6 To 11.5 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) Yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) Satisfying 0.15 to 0.42.
In the test piece 2, the once average heating rate was less than 5 ℃/sec, so tempered martensite and retained austenite were insufficient. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 2 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 3, the secondary average heating rate exceeds 5 ℃/sec, thus forming bulk austenite, and boron (B) is not enriched in tempered martensite. As a result, [ B ] of test piece 3] FM /[B] TM Exceeding 0.55, the yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) Above 0.42, a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 4, it is performed in a two-phase region where the primary holding temperature is lower than Ac3, and therefore the fraction of ferrite exceeds. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 4 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 5, the once average cooling rate is less than 1 ℃/sec, and thus the fraction of retained austenite is insufficient. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 5 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 6, the secondary holding temperature was lower than 350 ℃, and thus the heat treatment temperature was insufficient. As a result, the specimen 6 had a V (1.2 μm, γ)/V (γ) of less than 0.12, and a balance (B) of tensile strength and hole expansibility TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 7, the secondary holding temperature exceeds 550 ℃, and thus the fraction of retained austenite is insufficient. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 7 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 8, the secondary holding time was less than 5 seconds, and thus the heat treatment time was insufficient. As a result, the specimen 8 had a V (1.2 μm, γ)/V (γ) of less than 0.12, and a balance of tensile strength and hole expansion ratio (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 9, the secondary average cooling rate was less than 2 ℃/sec, so the fraction of retained austenite was insufficient. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 9 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 10, the primary cooling termination temperature is lower than 200 ℃, and thus the fraction of tempered martensite is exceeded and the fraction of retained austenite is insufficient. As a result, the specimen 10 had a V (1.2 μm, γ)/V (γ) of less than 0.12, and a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 11, the primary cooling termination temperature exceeds 400 ℃, so that the fraction of bainite exceeds, and the fraction of tempered martensite is insufficient. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 11 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 12, the temperature was kept below 350 ℃ three times, and thus the fraction of tempered martensite exceeded and the fraction of retained austenite was insufficient. As a result, the specimen 12 had a V (1.2 μm, γ)/V (γ) of less than 0.12, and a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 13, the temperature was maintained three times at more than 550℃and thus the fraction of retained austeniteThe defects are that. As a result, the specimen 16 had a V (1.2 μm, γ)/V (γ) of less than 0.12, and a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 14, the holding time was less than 50 seconds three times, and therefore the fraction of tempered martensite exceeded and the fraction of retained austenite was insufficient. As a result, the specimen 14 had a V (1.2 μm, γ)/V (γ) of less than 0.12, and a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 15, the holding time for three times exceeds 155000 seconds, and thus the fraction of retained austenite is insufficient. As a result, the specimen 15 had a V (1.2 μm, γ)/V (γ) of less than 0.12, and a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 37, the carbon (C) content was low, so that the balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the coupon 38, the carbon (C) content is high, so the fraction of tempered martensite is insufficient, and the fraction of neomartensite is exceeded, and the fraction of retained austenite is exceeded. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 38 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 39, the content of silicon (Si) is low, and thus the fraction of retained austenite is insufficient. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 39 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 40, the silicon (Si) content is high, and thus the fraction of the new martensite exceeds. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 40 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 41, the content of aluminum (Al) is high, and thus the fraction of the new martensite exceeds. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 41 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 42, the manganese (Mn) content is low, and pearlite is generated, resulting in insufficient fraction of retained austenite. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 42 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 43, the content of manganese (Mn) is high, and thus the fraction of the nascent martensite exceeds. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 43 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 44, the content of chromium (Cr) is high, and thus the fraction of the new martensite exceeds. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 44 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 45, the content of molybdenum (Mo) is high, and thus the fraction of the new martensite exceeds. As a result, the tensile strength and elongation of the test piece 45 were balanced (B TE ) Less than 3.0 x 10 6 Balance of tensile Strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Less than 6.0 x 10 6 。
In the test piece 46, the boron (B) content is low, so that the boron (B) cannot be enriched in tempered martensite. As a result, [ B ] of the test piece 51] FM /[B] TM Exceeding 0.55, the yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) Exceeding 0.42.
In the test piece 47, the boron (B) content is high, and the boron (B) is excessively enriched in tempered martensite. As a result, [ B ] of the test piece 52] FM /[B] TM Less than 0.03, a yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) Less than 0.15.
The present invention has been described in detail by way of examples, but other forms of examples may be included. Therefore, the technical idea and scope of the claims are not limited to the embodiments.
Claims (7)
1. A high strength steel sheet excellent in workability, the steel sheet comprising, in weight%: c:0.1-0.25%, si:0.01-1.5%, mn:1.0-4.0%, al:0.01-1.5%, P:0.15% or less, S: less than 0.03%, N: less than 0.03%, B:0.0005-0.005%, the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities,
The microstructure includes bainite, tempered martensite, neomartensite, retained austenite and other unavoidable structures,
the steel sheet satisfies the following [ relation 1] and [ relation 2],
[ relation 1]
0.03≤[B] FM /[B] TM ≤0.55
In the relation 1, [ B ]] FM Is the content of boron (B) contained in the nascent martensite, wherein the unit of the content is weight; [ B ]] TM Is the content of boron (B) contained in tempered martensite, wherein the unit of the content is weight%,
[ relation 2]
V(1.2μm，γ)/V(γ)≥0.12
In the above-mentioned relation 2, V (1.2 μm, γ) is a fraction of retained austenite having an average grain size of 1.2 μm or more, wherein the fraction unit is volume%, and V (γ) is a fraction of retained austenite of the steel sheet, wherein the fraction unit is volume%.
2. The high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability as set forth in claim 1, wherein the steel sheet further comprises any one or more of the following (1) to (8) in weight percent:
(1) Ti:0-0.5%, nb:0-0.5% and V:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(2) Cr:0-3.0% and Mo:0-3.0% of one or more kinds of components,
(3) Cu:0-4.0% and Ni:0-4.0% of one or more kinds of components,
(4) Ca: REM except 0-0.05%, Y: 0-0.05% and Mg:0-0.05% of one or more of the following components,
(5) W:0-0.5% and Zr:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(6) Sb:0-0.5% and Sn:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(7) Y:0-0.2% and Hf:0-0.2% of one or more of the following components,
(8)Co：0-1.5％。
3. the excellent-workability high-strength steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein a microstructure of the steel sheet, in terms of volume fraction, includes: 10-30% of bainite, 50-70% of tempered martensite, 10-30% of neo-martensite, 2-10% of retained austenite, less than 5% and including 0% of ferrite.
4. The high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability as set forth in claim 1, wherein said steel sheet is represented by the following [ relational expression 3]Expressed as a balance of tensile strength and elongation (B TE ) Satisfy 3.0 x 10 6 To 6.2 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) The method is represented by the following [ relational expression 4]]Expressed as a balance of tensile strength and hole expansibility (B TH ) Satisfy 6.0 x 10 6 To 11.5 x 10 6 (MPa 2 ％ 1/2 ) The method is represented by the following [ relational expression 5]]Expressed as a yield ratio evaluation index (I YR ) Satisfying the requirement of 0.15 to 0.42,
[ relation 3]
B TE = [ tensile Strength (TS, MPa)] 2 * [ elongation (El,%)] 1/2
[ relation 4]
B TH = [ tensile Strength (TS, MPa)] 2 * [ hole expansion Rate (HER,%)] 1/2
[ relation 5]
I YR =1- [ Yield Ratio (YR).
5. A method of manufacturing a high strength steel sheet excellent in workability, comprising the steps of:
Providing a cold rolled steel sheet comprising, in weight-%: c:0.1-0.25%, si:0.01-1.5%, mn:1.0-4.0%, al:0.01-1.5%, P:0.15% or less, S: less than 0.03%, N: less than 0.03%, B:0.0005-0.005%, the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
heating the cold rolled steel sheet to 700 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or more (primary heating), heating to a temperature range of Ac3 to 920 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5 ℃/sec or less (secondary heating), and then holding for 50-1200 seconds (primary holding);
cooling the steel sheet held once to a temperature range of 350-550 ℃ at an average cooling rate of 2-100 ℃/sec (primary cooling), and then holding for 5-600 seconds (secondary holding);
cooling the secondarily maintained steel sheet to a temperature range of 200-400 ℃ at an average cooling rate of 2-100 ℃/sec (secondary cooling);
heating the secondarily cooled steel plate to a temperature range of 350-550 ℃ at an average heating rate of 5-100 ℃/sec (three heats), and then maintaining for more than 50 seconds (three maintains); and
the steel sheet held three times is cooled to normal temperature (three times cooling) at an average cooling rate of 1 ℃/sec or more.
6. The method for producing a high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to claim 5, wherein the steel slab further comprises any one or more of the following (1) to (8):
(1) Ti:0-0.5%, nb:0-0.5% and V:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(2) Cr:0-3.0% and Mo:0-3.0% of one or more kinds of components,
(3) Cu:0-4.0% and Ni:0-4.0% of one or more kinds of components,
(4) Ca: REM except 0-0.05%, Y: 0-0.05% and Mg:0-0.05% of one or more of the following components,
(5) W:0-0.5% and Zr:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(6) Sb:0-0.5% and Sn:0-0.5% of one or more of the following components,
(7) Y:0-0.2% and Hf:0-0.2% of one or more of the following components,
(8)Co：0-1.5％。
7. the method for manufacturing a high-strength steel sheet excellent in workability according to claim 5, wherein the cold-rolled steel sheet is provided by:
heating the steel billet to 1000-1350 ℃;
performing finish hot rolling at 800-1000deg.C;
rolling the hot rolled steel plate at the temperature of 350-650 ℃;
pickling the rolled steel plate; and
cold rolling the pickled steel sheet at a reduction of 30-90%.
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| KR10-2020-0177516 | 2020-12-17 | ||
| KR1020200177516A KR102485009B1 (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | High strength steel sheet having excellent workability and method for manufacturing the same |
| PCT/KR2021/017992 WO2022131625A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2021-12-01 | High strength steel sheet having excellent workability and method for manufacturing same |
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