CN116566299A - Solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control - Google Patents
Solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control Download PDFInfo
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- CN116566299A CN116566299A CN202310464179.5A CN202310464179A CN116566299A CN 116566299 A CN116566299 A CN 116566299A CN 202310464179 A CN202310464179 A CN 202310464179A CN 116566299 A CN116566299 A CN 116566299A
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- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010036050 human cationic antimicrobial protein 57 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
- F16H19/02—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion
- F16H19/04—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion comprising a rack
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
- F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control, belonging to the field of solar panels; comprises a supporting frame, a shell, a main driving piston, a transmission mechanism, a reverse rotation preventing mechanism and a first rotating shaft; the main driving piston comprises a cylinder body and a piston which are installed in a matched manner in opposite directions to form an internal cavity, the driving spring and the reset spring are coaxially arranged in the cavity, the upper end and the lower end of the two springs are fixed with the top of the piston and the bottom of the cylinder body, through holes are formed in the bottom of the cylinder body and the top of the piston, and the two ends of the driving spring extend out of the through holes and are used for connecting an external power supply. The first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the upper part of the shell, the support frame is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is connected with the piston through a transmission mechanism, and the linear motion of the piston is converted into the rotation of the first rotating shaft through the transmission mechanism, so that the support frame is driven to rotate; the reverse rotation preventing mechanism is connected with the first rotating shaft and used for preventing the reverse rotation of the supporting frame; the solar panel is mounted on the support frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar panels, and particularly relates to a solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control.
Background
Solar energy generally refers to heat radiation energy of the sun, which is mainly represented by solar rays, and the solar energy is utilized in a photo-thermal conversion mode and a photoelectric conversion mode, for example, the solar energy is used for providing energy for a water heater or is used for generating electricity. With the ever decreasing number of fossil fuels, solar energy has become an important component of energy for human use as a renewable energy source and has been continuously developed.
The solar panel is an important component of a solar power generation system, and in order to ensure that the solar panel is consistent with the illumination direction of the sun, the solar energy is utilized to the maximum extent, the working efficiency of the solar panel is improved, and the orientation of the solar panel needs to be adjusted by using a solar panel angle adjusting device.
The existing solar panel angle adjusting device usually adopts electric driving equipment to realize angle adjustment in combination with mechanical transmission, such as a motor, a steering engine and the like, and has the problems of overlarge volume, overhigh cost, short service life, difficult maintenance and the like, and regular maintenance and servicing, such as cleaning, lubrication, maintenance and the like, are required, so that maintenance work and cost are increased for users. Meanwhile, for a working scene with limited space, strict volume limitation and high reliability requirement, the existing solar panel angle adjusting device is also difficult to be qualified.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved are as follows:
in order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control, which adopts a driving spring of single-way memory alloy as a power source, is arranged in a main driving piston in a matched manner with a reset spring, a rack is arranged at the upper end of the piston, a supporting frame for installing a solar panel is driven to rotate by the rack in a matched manner with a gear, a ratchet and pawl is arranged in the device to control the supporting frame to reversely rotate, and an electromagnetic lock is arranged to control the pawl to unlock.
The solar panel angle adjusting device has the characteristics of small volume, simple structure, long service life and convenient maintenance, and solves the problems of large volume, complex structure, high overhaul and maintenance cost and limited use space of the solar panel angle adjusting device in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the solar panel angle control device based on the memory alloy control comprises a support frame 1, a shell 2, a main driving piston 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5 and a first rotating shaft 6; the housing 2 comprises a side wall 28 and a base 29;
the main driving piston 3 comprises a cylinder 31, a piston 32, a driving spring 33 and a return spring 34; the cylinder body 31 and the piston 32 are of cavity structures with one end open, the two openings are opposite, and the piston 32 is inserted into the cylinder body 31 to be coaxially matched and installed to form a cavity; the cylinder 31 is fixed on the base 29, and a first through hole 36 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the cylinder; the center of the top of the piston 32 is provided with a second through hole 37; the driving spring 33 and the reset spring 34 are coaxially arranged in the cavity in different circumferences, the upper ends of the two springs are fixed with the top of the piston 32, and the lower ends of the two springs are fixed with the bottom of the cylinder 31; the driving spring 33 is made of one-way memory alloy, and two ends of the driving spring extend out of the first through hole 36 and the second through hole 37 respectively, and are used for connecting a circuit to connect an external power supply so as to enable the piston 32 to move downwards;
the driving spring 33 is in a stretching state, the return spring 34 is in a compression state, and the two are matched in a force balance state;
the first rotating shaft 6 is horizontally and rotatably arranged on the upper part of the side wall 28, the supporting frame 1 is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft 6, the first rotating shaft 6 is connected with the piston 32 through the transmission mechanism 4, and the linear motion of the piston 32 is converted into the rotation of the first rotating shaft 6 through the transmission mechanism 4, so that the supporting frame 1 is driven to rotate; the reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5 is connected with the first rotating shaft 6 and is used for preventing the reverse rotation of the support frame 1; the solar panel is mounted on a support frame 1.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the cylinder body 31 is a cylindrical stepped cylinder body with the inner diameter of the lower part smaller than that of the upper part, and the bottom of the piston 32 is provided with an everting flange which is in clearance fit with a large-diameter hole of the cylinder body 31; the main drive piston 3 further comprises a locking tab 35 for preventing the piston 32 from coming out of the cylinder 31.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the locking piece 35 is two semi-annular flanges, which are oppositely embedded into the large-diameter hole end of the cylinder 31, the shaft outer ring of the locking piece is in interference fit with the large-diameter hole of the cylinder 31, and the lower end face of the flange part is clamped on the upper end face of the cylinder 31.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the outer diameter of the return spring 34 is larger than the outer diameter of the drive spring 33; the first through hole 36 and the second through hole 37 are both stepped holes, two ends of the driving spring 33 are fixed with the stepped surfaces of the stepped holes, and the large diameter of the stepped holes is in clearance fit with the outer diameter of the driving spring 33.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: an annular first boss 21 matched with a small-diameter section at the lower part of the cylinder body 31 is arranged at one side of the base 29, a gap is formed at one side of the first boss 21, a first through groove 22 penetrating through the base 29 of the shell is arranged at the bottom of the first boss 21, and the cylinder body 31 is arranged on the first boss 21; a second boss 23 with a rectangular cross section is arranged on the other side of the base 29, a second through groove 24 penetrating through the base 29 of the shell is arranged at the bottom of the second boss 23, and the second boss 23 is used for installing the reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5; the upper part of the side wall 28 is coaxially and horizontally provided with two first through holes 25, the inner side of the side wall 28 is coaxially provided with an annular limiting boss 26 on the first through holes 25, and the first rotating shaft 6 is rotatably arranged on the first through holes 25; the side wall 28 is coaxially and horizontally provided with two second through holes 27, and the axis of the second through holes 27 is parallel to the axis of the first through holes 25.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the transmission mechanism 4 comprises a rack 41 and a gear 42, the rack 41 is fixed on the upper end face of the piston 32, the gear 42 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 6, the rack 41 and the gear 42 are in interference fit, and the gear 42 is meshed with the rack 41.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the support frame 1 includes loading platform 11 and rocking arm 12, rocking arm 12 one end and loading platform 11 fixed connection, the other end is equipped with the shaft hole, installs in first pivot 6 through the shaft hole, shaft hole and first pivot 6 interference fit.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5 includes a ratchet 51, a pawl 52, a second rotation shaft 53, and an electromagnetic releasing device; the ratchet wheel 51 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 6, and the ratchet wheel and the first rotating shaft are in interference fit; the second rotating shaft 6 is rotatably arranged in the second through hole 27, the pawl 52 is fixedly arranged in the second rotating shaft 53, the pawl 52 is meshed with the ratchet wheel 51, and a round hole 54 is formed in the tail of the pawl 52; the electromagnetic release device is arranged on the second boss 23, the upper end of the electromagnetic release device is connected with the round hole 54, and the electromagnetic release device is used for driving the unlocking action of the pawl 53.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the electromagnetic release device comprises an electromagnetic lock 55, a fixed cap 56 and an iron wire 57; the electromagnetic lock 55 is embedded and installed on the second boss 23; the fixing cap 56 is arranged on the lock tongue of the electromagnetic lock 55, the bottom of the fixing cap 56 is provided with a mounting hole 58, the mounting hole 58 is tightly matched with the lock tongue of the electromagnetic lock 55, and the upper end surface of the fixing cap 56 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 59; the iron wire 57 passes through the round hole 54, and the two ends of the iron wire 57 are fixed in the strip-shaped groove 59, so that the fixing cap 56 is fixedly connected with the pawl 52.
The application method of the solar panel angle control device based on the memory alloy control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: the two ends of the driving spring 33 are connected with an external power supply through a circuit from the first through groove 22, and the electromagnetic lock 55 is connected with the external power supply through a circuit from the second through groove 24;
step two: energizing the driving spring 33, and lowering the force balance point of the driving spring 33 and the reset spring 34 to drive the piston 32 to move downwards so as to drive the rack 41 to move downwards, and the rack 41 drives the gear 42 to rotate in the forward direction, so that the first rotating shaft 6 is driven to rotate in the forward direction, and the rocker arm 12 is driven to rotate, so that the direction adjustment of the solar panel is realized;
step three: when the drive spring 33 is powered off and the solar panel is adjusted to a proper angle, the drive spring 33 is stopped from being powered on, the pawl 52 clamps the ratchet wheel 51, the first rotating shaft 6 is prevented from rotating reversely, and the rocker arm 12 is prevented from rotating reversely; repeating the second and third steps to adjust the orientation of the solar panel until the rocker arm 12 reaches a positive limit position;
step four: reset, the electromagnetic lock 55 is electrified, the lock tongue of the electromagnetic lock 55 drives the fixing cap 56 and the iron wire 57 to move downwards, the pawl 52 is enabled to unlock the ratchet wheel 51, the piston 32 moves upwards under the action of the reset spring 34, the rack 41 moves upwards, the rack 41 drives the gear 42 to rotate reversely, and accordingly the first rotating shaft 6 is driven to rotate reversely, and the rocker arm 12 is driven to rotate, so that the device is enabled to recover to the initial negative electrode limit position.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control, which adopts a one-way memory alloy spring as a driving spring, wherein the driving spring is matched with a reset spring and is arranged in a main driving piston, the driving spring is in a tensile state, the reset spring is in a compression state, and the initial state of the driving spring and the reset spring is in force balance; the upper end of the piston is provided with a rack which is meshed with a gear arranged on the first rotating shaft; through powering on the drive spring, the rigidity of the drive spring is increased, the force balance points of the two springs move downwards to enable the piston to shrink, and the rack is driven to move downwards, so that the gear is driven to rotate, and the support frame arranged on the first rotating shaft is driven to rotate, so that the angle adjustment of the solar panel is realized.
According to the invention, the electromagnetic lock is matched with the ratchet wheel and the pawl to control the reverse rotation of the support frame, and when the solar panel is adjusted to a proper angle, the pawl blocks the ratchet wheel to prevent the rotation. When the support frame rotates to the extreme position under the action of the drive spring, the electromagnetic lock is electrified, the electromagnetic lock bolt pulls the iron wire through the fixing cap, so that the pawl is unlocked, the piston moves upwards under the action of the reset spring to push the rack to move upwards, the gear is driven reversely, and the first rotating shaft rotates reversely, so that the support frame returns to the initial position.
The invention has the characteristics of small volume, simple structure, long service life and convenient maintenance. The invention adopts the one-way memory alloy spring as a driving force source, does not need to arrange a motor as a power source, has the volume far smaller than that of the existing solar panel angle adjusting device, and can adapt to application scenes with strict requirements on the volumes of roofs, automobile roofs and the like; in addition, the memory alloy has strong stability, can recover to the original shape after large deformation, has longer fatigue life, good corrosion resistance and high cycle stability, so that the invention has the advantages of high working response speed, high efficiency, high reliability, long service life and low energy consumption requirement; the main driving piston adopted by the invention is designed into a fully sealed semi-permanent design, and the memory alloy spring sealed in the piston has high service life, is not easy to damage and can work semi-permanently, and the service life is not required to be overhauled and maintained, so that the maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
The invention has wide angle adjustment range, and the rocker arm can realize deflection within a range of 75 degrees from left to right, namely, the angle adjustment from 15 degrees at the negative limit position to 165 degrees at the positive limit position can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a primary drive piston of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the primary drive piston of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of an internal assembly of a hidden load platform of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ratchet wheel of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view illustrating the angular adjustment of the support frame to the positive limit position according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view illustrating the angular adjustment of the support frame to the negative limit position according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional isometric view of a retaining cap of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a locking tab of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. support bracket 11, load bearing platform 12, rocker arm 2, housing 21, first boss 22, first channel 23, second boss 24, second channel 25, first through hole 26, stop boss 27, second through hole 28, side wall 29, base 3, primary drive piston 31, cylinder 32, drive spring 34, return spring 35, locking tab 36, first through hole 37, second through hole 4, drive mechanism 41, rack 42, gear 5, reverse stop mechanism 51, ratchet 52, pawl 53, second pivot 54, circular hole 55, electromagnetic lock 56, securing cap 57, wire 58, mounting hole 59.
The strip-shaped groove 6. A first rotation shaft.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control of the invention comprises a support frame 1, a shell 2, a main driving piston 3, a transmission mechanism 4 and a reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the housing 2 includes a peripheral side wall 28 and a base 29, and the housing 2 is located at the bottom of the device for mounting the bearing support 1, the main driving piston 3, the transmission mechanism 4, the reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5 and the first rotating shaft 6.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the main driving piston 3 includes a cylinder 31, a piston 32, a driving spring 33, and a return spring 34; the cylinder body 31 and the piston 32 are of cavity structures with one end open, and the cylinder body 31 and the piston 32 are coaxially matched and installed in opposite directions; the method comprises the following steps: the cylinder body 31 is a cylindrical stepped cylinder body with the lower inner diameter smaller than the upper inner diameter, the piston 32 is inserted into the cylinder body 31, an everting flange is arranged at the bottom of the piston 32 and is in clearance fit with a large-diameter hole positioned at the upper part of the cylinder body 31, and the cylinder body 31 and the piston 32 are matched to form a cavity; the main drive piston 3 further comprises a locking tab 35 for preventing the piston 32 from coming out of the cylinder 31; referring to fig. 13, the locking piece 35 is two semi-annular flanges, which are oppositely embedded into the large-diameter hole end of the cylinder, the shaft outer ring of the locking piece is in interference fit with the large-diameter hole of the cylinder, and the lower end face of the flange part is clamped on the upper end face of the cylinder 31. The cylinder 31 and the piston 32 are preferably heat-resistant materials in the present invention; the return spring 34 is about 30mm long and the drive spring 33 is about 10mm long.
Referring to fig. 4-6, one side of the base 29 of the housing is provided with an annular first boss 21 matched with a small diameter section at the lower part of the cylinder 31, one side of the first boss 21 is provided with a notch, the bottom is provided with a first through groove 22 penetrating through the base 29 of the housing, and the cylinder 31 is embedded and installed on the first boss 21 and is tightly matched with the first boss 21; the other side of the base 29 is provided with a second boss 23 with a rectangular cross section, the bottom of the second boss 23 is provided with a second through groove 24 penetrating through the base of the shell, and the second boss 23 is used for installing the reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5; the upper part of the side wall is coaxially and horizontally provided with two first through holes 25, the inner side of the side wall is coaxially provided with an annular limiting table 26 on the first through holes 25, the first rotating shaft 6 is rotatably arranged on the first through holes 25, and two ends of the first rotating shaft 6 are inserted into the two first through holes 25 to enable the rod parts of the first rotating shaft to be positioned in the shell 2; the upper part of the side wall is coaxially and horizontally provided with two second through holes 27, and the two second through holes 27 are parallel to the axes of the two first through holes 25.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the cylinder 31 is fixed on the first boss 21, a first through hole 36 is formed in the bottom center of the cylinder 31, a second through hole 37 is formed in the top center of the piston 32, the first through hole 36 and the second through hole 37 are both stepped holes, the driving spring 33 and the restoring spring 34 are coaxially arranged in a cavity formed by the cylinder 31 and the piston 32, the driving spring 33 is in a tensile state, the restoring spring 34 is in a compression state, and the driving spring 33 and the restoring spring 34 are matched in a force balance state; the outer diameter of the return spring 34 is larger than that of the driving spring 33, the upper end of the return spring 34 is fixed with the top of the inner cavity of the piston 32, the lower end of the return spring 34 is fixed with the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder 31, and the cylinder 31, the piston 32 and the return spring 34 are in clearance fit; the two ends of the driving spring 33 are respectively fixed with the step surfaces of the first through hole 36 and the second through hole 37, and the large diameters of the two step holes are in clearance fit with the outer diameter of the driving spring 33. The driving spring 33 is made of one-way memory alloy and is pulled to generate plastic deformation state by the reset spring 34 when the piston 32 is positioned at the limit relaxation position; the two ends of the driving spring 33 are respectively straightened and extend out of the first through hole 36 and the second through hole 37 respectively for being electrified by an external power supply, and specifically, the two ends of the driving spring 33 are connected with the external power supply by being connected out of the first through groove 22 through a circuit.
Referring to fig. 1, 7 and 8, the support frame 1 includes a bearing platform 11 and a rocker arm 12, one end of the rocker arm 12 is fixedly connected with the bearing platform 11, the other end is provided with a shaft hole, the rocker arm 12 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 6 through the shaft hole, and the shaft hole is in interference fit with the first rotating shaft 6; the solar panel is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the bearing platform 11.
Referring to fig. 1, 7 and 8, the transmission mechanism 4 includes a rack 41 and a gear 42, the rack 41 is fixed on the upper end surface of the piston 32, the gear 42 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 6, the gear 42 is in interference fit with the first rotating shaft 6, and the gear 42 is meshed with the rack 41. The linear motion of the piston 32 is converted into rotation of the first shaft 6 by the rack 41 and the gear 42, thereby driving the swing arm 12 mounted to the first shaft 6 to rotate.
Referring to fig. 7, 8 and 9, the reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5 is used for preventing the reverse rotation of the support frame 1, and the reverse rotation preventing mechanism 5 comprises a ratchet 51, a pawl 52, a second rotating shaft 53, an electromagnetic lock 55, a fixing cap 56 and an iron wire 57; the ratchet wheel 51 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 6, and the ratchet wheel 51 is in interference fit with the first rotating shaft 6; the second rotating shaft 53 is rotatably installed in the second through hole 27, the second rotating shaft 53 is parallel to the first rotating shaft 6, the pawl 52 is fixedly installed on the second rotating shaft 53, the pawl 52 is meshed with the ratchet wheel 51, and a round hole 54 is formed in the tail of the pawl 52; the electromagnetic lock 55 is embedded and installed on the second boss 23, the electromagnetic lock 55 is connected with an external power supply through a second through groove 24 at the bottom of the second boss 23, the electromagnetic lock 55 is provided with a lock tongue in specification model LY-011B, the upper end face of the electromagnetic lock 55 is provided with a lock tongue, the fixing cap 56 is installed on the lock tongue of the electromagnetic lock 55, and specifically, referring to FIG. 12, the bottom of the fixing cap 56 is provided with a mounting hole 58, and the mounting hole 58 is in tight fit with the lock tongue of the electromagnetic lock 55; the up end of the fixed cap 56 is provided with a boss, the boss is provided with a strip-shaped groove 59, an iron wire 57 passes through a round hole 54 at the tail part of the pawl 52, two ends of the iron wire 57 are fixed in the strip-shaped groove 59, the fixed cap 56 is fixedly connected with the pawl 52, and the electromagnetic lock 55 is used for controlling the pawl 52.
The invention is used for installing a 16 square centimeter solar panel, and the device has the size of 25mm by 40 mm; the movable range of the rocker arm 12 is 75 degrees to the left and right in the vertical direction, and the movement range of the rack 41 and the piston 32 is not less than 0.42 times the circumference of the gear 42.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention adopts a one-way memory alloy spring as the driving spring 33, and the memory shape of the driving spring 33 is in a tightly coiled form at normal temperature. The initial state of the solar panel angle control device based on the memory alloy control is in the negative limit state shown in fig. 11, at this time, the driving spring 33 in the main driving piston 3 is stretched to a plastic deformation state, the restoring spring 34 is in a compressed state, the two springs are in a force balance state, and the piston 32 is in an ultimate elongation state.
When the angle of the solar panel needs to be adjusted, the two ends of the driving spring 33 are electrified, the temperature of the driving spring 33 is increased, the rigidity is increased, and retraction force is generated, at the moment, the balance point of the driving spring 33 and the return spring 34 moves downwards, the piston 32 contracts, the rack 41 is driven to move downwards, the rack 41 drives the gear 42 to rotate positively, so that the first rotating shaft 6 rotates positively, the rocker arm 12 arranged on the first rotating shaft 6 rotates along with the first rotating shaft, and the solar panel arranged on the bearing platform 11 is driven to realize angle adjustment. When the angle of the solar panel is adjusted to a proper position, the power supply to the driving spring 33 is stopped, and at the moment, the pawl 52 can clamp the ratchet wheel 51 to prevent the first rotating shaft 6 from rotating reversely, so that the rocker arm 12 is prevented from rotating reversely, and the angle position of the solar panel is fixed. With the change of the sunlight angle, the driving spring 33 can be energized again to realize the angle adjustment of the solar panel, so that the solar panel is consistent with the illumination direction until the rocker arm 12 rotates to the forward limit position, see fig. 10.
When the rocker arm 12 is located at the forward limit position, the electromagnetic lock 55 is electrified, the lock tongue of the electromagnetic lock 55 drives the fixing cap 56 and the iron wire 57 to move downwards, so that the pawl 52 unlocks the ratchet wheel 51, the reset spring 34 is still in a compressed state, the driving spring 33 is still in a stretched state, but at the moment, the static force balance point of the two springs is higher than the force balance point at the moment, after the pawl 52 is unlocked, the reset spring 34 pushes the piston 32 to move upwards, so that the rack 41 moves upwards, the rack 41 drives the gear 42 to rotate reversely, and the first rotating shaft 6 is driven to rotate reversely, so that the rocker arm 12 is driven to rotate reversely, and the device is restored to the initial negative limit position.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control is characterized in that: comprises a supporting frame (1), a shell (2), a main driving piston (3), a transmission mechanism (4), a reverse rotation preventing mechanism (5) and a first rotating shaft (6); the housing (2) comprises a side wall (28) and a base (29);
the main driving piston (3) comprises a cylinder body (31), a piston (32), a driving spring (33) and a return spring (34); the cylinder body (31) and the piston (32) are of cavity structures with one end open, the openings of the cylinder body (31) and the piston (32) are opposite, and the piston (32) is inserted into the cylinder body (31) to be coaxially matched and installed to form a cavity; the cylinder body (31) is fixed on the base (29), and a first through hole (36) is formed in the center of the bottom of the cylinder body; a second through hole (37) is formed in the center of the top of the piston (32); the driving spring (33) and the reset spring (34) are coaxially arranged in the cavity in different circumferences, the upper ends of the two springs are fixed with the top of the piston (32), and the lower ends of the two springs are fixed with the bottom of the cylinder body (31); the driving spring (33) is made of one-way memory alloy, and two ends of the driving spring (33) respectively extend out of the first through hole (36) and the second through hole (37) and are used for connecting a circuit to connect an external power supply to enable the piston (32) to move downwards;
the driving spring (33) is in a tensile state, the reset spring (34) is in a compression state, and the two are matched in a force balance state;
the first rotating shaft (6) is horizontally and rotatably arranged on the upper part of the side wall (28), the supporting frame (1) is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft (6), the first rotating shaft (6) is connected with the piston (32) through the transmission mechanism (4), and the linear motion of the piston (32) is converted into the rotation of the first rotating shaft (6) through the transmission mechanism (4), so that the supporting frame (1) is driven to rotate; the reverse rotation preventing mechanism (5) is connected with the first rotating shaft (6) and is used for preventing the reverse rotation of the support frame (1); the solar panel is arranged on the supporting frame (1).
2. The solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control according to claim 1, wherein: the cylinder body (31) is a cylindrical stepped cylinder body with the inner diameter of the lower part smaller than that of the upper part, and the bottom of the piston (32) is provided with an everting flange which is in clearance fit with a large-diameter hole of the cylinder body (31); the main drive piston (3) further comprises a locking tab (35) for preventing the piston (32) from exiting the cylinder (31).
3. The solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control according to claim 2, wherein: the locking piece (35) is two semi-annular flanges which are oppositely embedded into the large-diameter hole end of the cylinder body (31), the shaft part outer ring of the locking piece is in interference fit with the large-diameter hole of the cylinder body (31), and the lower end face of the flange part is clamped with the upper end face of the cylinder body (31).
4. The solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the return spring (34) is larger than the outer diameter of the driving spring (33); the first through hole (36) and the second through hole (37) are stepped holes, two ends of the driving spring (33) are fixed with the stepped surfaces of the stepped holes, and the large diameter of the stepped holes is in clearance fit with the outer diameter of the driving spring (33).
5. The solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control according to claim 1, wherein: an annular first boss (21) matched with the small-diameter section at the lower part of the cylinder body (31) is arranged at one side of the base (29), a notch is formed in one side of the first boss (21), a first through groove (22) penetrating through the base (29) of the shell is formed in the bottom of the first boss, and the cylinder body (31) is arranged on the first boss (21); a second boss (23) with a rectangular cross section is arranged on the other side of the base (29), a second through groove (24) penetrating through the housing base (29) is arranged at the bottom of the second boss (23), and the second boss (23) is used for installing a reverse rotation preventing mechanism (5); the upper part of the side wall (28) is coaxially and horizontally provided with two first through holes (25), the inner side of the side wall (28) is coaxially provided with an annular limiting boss (26) with the first through holes (25), and the first rotating shaft (6) is rotatably arranged in the first through holes (25); the side wall (28) is coaxially and horizontally provided with two second through holes (27), and the axis of the second through holes (27) is parallel to the axis of the first through holes (25).
6. The solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission mechanism (4) comprises a rack (41) and a gear (42), the rack (41) is fixed on the upper end face of the piston (32), the gear (42) is arranged on the first rotating shaft (6), the rack and the gear are in interference fit, and the gear (42) is meshed with the rack (41).
7. The solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control according to claim 1, wherein: the support frame (1) comprises a bearing platform (11) and a rocker arm (12), one end of the rocker arm (12) is fixedly connected with the bearing platform (11), the other end of the rocker arm is provided with a shaft hole, the rocker arm is installed on the first rotating shaft (6) through the shaft hole, and the shaft hole is in interference fit with the first rotating shaft (6).
8. The solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control according to claim 1, wherein: the reverse rotation preventing mechanism (5) comprises a ratchet wheel (51), a pawl (52), a second rotating shaft (53) and an electromagnetic releasing device; the ratchet wheel (51) is arranged on the first rotating shaft (6) and is in interference fit with the first rotating shaft; the second rotating shaft (53) is rotatably arranged in the second through hole (27), the pawl (52) is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft, the pawl (52) is meshed with the ratchet wheel (51), and a round hole (54) is formed in the tail of the pawl (52); the electromagnetic release device is arranged on the second boss (23), the upper end of the electromagnetic release device is connected with the round hole (54), and the electromagnetic release device is used for driving the unlocking action of the pawl (53).
9. The solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control of claim 8, wherein: the electromagnetic release device comprises an electromagnetic lock (55), a fixing cap (56) and an iron wire (57); the electromagnetic lock (55) is embedded and installed on the second boss (23); the fixing cap (56) is arranged on the lock tongue of the electromagnetic lock (55), the bottom of the fixing cap (56) is provided with a mounting hole (58), and the mounting hole (58) is tightly matched with the lock tongue of the electromagnetic lock (55); the upper end surface of the fixed cap (56) is provided with a strip-shaped groove (59); the iron wire (57) passes through the round hole (54), and two ends of the iron wire (57) are fixed in the strip-shaped groove (59), so that the fixing cap (56) is fixedly connected with the pawl (52).
10. A method of using the solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control of claim 1, characterized by the steps of:
step one: the two ends of the driving spring (33) are connected with an external power supply through a circuit from the first through groove (22), and the electromagnetic lock (55) is connected with the external power supply through a circuit from the second through groove (24);
step two: energizing the driving spring (33), enabling a force balance point of the driving spring (33) and the reset spring (34) to descend, driving the piston (32) to move downwards, enabling the rack (41) to drive the gear (42) to rotate forwards, driving the first rotating shaft (6) to rotate forwards, and further driving the rocker arm (12) to rotate, and achieving solar panel direction adjustment;
step three: the driving spring (33) is powered off, when the solar panel is adjusted to a proper angle, the driving spring (33) is stopped being powered on, the pawl (52) clamps the ratchet wheel (51), the first rotating shaft (6) is prevented from rotating reversely, and the rocker arm (12) is prevented from rotating reversely; repeating the second step and the third step to adjust the orientation of the solar panel until the rocker arm (12) reaches a positive limit position;
step four: reset, power on electromagnetic lock (55), the spring bolt of electromagnetic lock (55) drives fixed cap (56), iron wire (57) and moves down, makes pawl (52) unblock ratchet (51), and under reset spring (34) effect, piston (32) moves up, makes rack (41) move up, and rack (41) drive gear (42) reverse rotation to drive first pivot (6) reverse rotation, and then drive rocking arm (12) rotation, make the device resume initial negative pole spacing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310464179.5A CN116566299A (en) | 2023-04-26 | 2023-04-26 | Solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310464179.5A CN116566299A (en) | 2023-04-26 | 2023-04-26 | Solar panel angle control device based on memory alloy control |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117484475A (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2024-02-02 | 安徽大学 | Energy switching device for exoskeleton based on memory alloy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117484475A (en) * | 2023-11-16 | 2024-02-02 | 安徽大学 | Energy switching device for exoskeleton based on memory alloy |
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