CN116565922A - Hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure - Google Patents
Hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a multi-micro-grid off-grid interconnection operation mode and energy storage control, and relates to a hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on a multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure. The control of low-frequency power is carried out by the multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordination controller, and power distribution is carried out by sending a power distribution signal to the bidirectional DC/DC converter at the storage battery end, so that the storage battery SOC is high in output and low in output, meanwhile, the temperature limit of the battery is considered, and the storage battery exits from the standby sequence at high temperature. The multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordination controller is used for dispatching, so that the voltage of the multi-micro-grid direct current bus can be stabilized, fluctuation of different frequency characteristics is transmitted to energy storage units with different energy characteristics to be stabilized, and the service life of the energy storage units and the new energy consumption rate of the micro-grid are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-micro-network off-grid interconnection operation control, in particular to a hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on a multi-micro-network interconnection operation structure.
Background
With further maturation of new energy control technologies, traditional ac large power grids face blowout, small capacity, decentralized distributed photovoltaic access. Since renewable energy power generation has characteristics of randomness, intermittence and volatility, these characteristics cause serious power quality problems as the permeability of renewable energy power generation is continuously increased. The single micro-grid has the characteristics of poor disturbance rejection capability, limited working capacity, lack of standby and the like, and the fluctuation stabilization and capacity compensation of the single micro-grid still depend on a large power grid. The multi-microgrid is used as the extension and function expansion of a single-microgrid structure, and the new energy consumption capability can be improved by clustered operation of a plurality of sub-microgrids. And the operation in an off-grid multi-microgrid mode is an effective way for improving the power supply reliability of remote mountain areas, island areas and even urban power distribution network terminals.
The micro-grid fluctuation of single energy storage is stabilized by the storage battery, the storage battery is harder to stabilize and short-time fluctuation is reduced, larger standby capacity is needed for stabilizing peak fluctuation, and the storage battery is frequently replayed due to the input of high-frequency quantity, so that service life of the storage battery is easy to be attenuated. Compared with single energy storage, the hybrid energy storage can combine advantages and disadvantages among the energy storage, and improve the performance of the micro-grid. The battery and the super capacitor are used as the hybrid energy storage system, have the characteristic of complementation of high and low energy density, and can be used for compensating long-term low-frequency power and short-term high-frequency power. In order to fully exploit the technical advantages of different energy storage media, it is necessary to reasonably distribute unbalanced power in the microgrid to different energy storage units.
At present, means for realizing cluster control by coordinating each other among a plurality of micro networks are single, balance between stability and sensitivity of multi-micro network interconnection is difficult to find, and most of coordination controllers do not consider battery SOC and temperature conditions, but too conservative threshold setting makes micro network mutual aid capability worse, and at present, micro network interconnection still lacks means for automatically adjusting interconnection parameters. Chinese patent CN104242337a discloses a real-time coordinated control scheme of a photovoltaic micro-grid system, but conventional hybrid energy storage control cannot flexibly distribute low-frequency receiving amount according to battery temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and designs a multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordination control method, which can meet the requirements of hybrid energy storage power distribution and scheduling in a multi-micro-grid operation environment and can also ensure the requirements of battery life and safety.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on a multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure comprises the following steps:
collecting the net load power of each micro-grid unit in the multi-micro-grid interconnection structure;
the load power is divided into a high frequency part and a low frequency part by a low-pass filter connected with the micro-grid unit, and a secondary frequency modulation method based on fuzzy control is adopted to adjust high and low frequency distribution points; transmitting high-frequency power to the super capacitor, and transmitting low-frequency power to the storage battery;
the low-frequency power is redistributed, and a power distribution signal is sent to a bidirectional DC/DC converter at the end of the storage battery for power scheduling;
the super capacitor is used for centralized control at a multi-microgrid public direct current bus and is used for stabilizing a large amount of load impact common to a plurality of microgrids.
Further, the multi-micro-network interconnection structure sets group control in the following manner:
a plurality of schools or residential areas containing micro-nets in adjacent areas as a micro-net group control system;
taking factories, production units and industrial parks near schools and residential areas as a micro-grid group control system;
and carrying out interconnection regulation and control on two or more micro-grid group control systems.
Further, the micro-grids are connected with each other through one or more direct current buses;
the connection point is provided with a direct current reclosing switch for switching the public direct current bus by the micro-grid;
a super capacitor is arranged at the public direct current bus, and the voltage and the output power of the super capacitor are controlled through a DC/DC converter;
the micro-grid direct current bus is connected with a storage battery and a diesel generator;
the storage battery energy storage system stabilizes the self power of the micro-grid when the single micro-grid operates, and externally stabilizes the power by utilizing the bidirectional power transmission characteristic of the bidirectional DC/DC converter in the multi-micro-grid interconnection mode.
Further, the net load power of each micro-grid unit is calculated based on the new energy output and the load demand in the micro-grid;
when the net power load of the micro-grid is greater than zero, the new energy source generates excessive power, and outputs power to the direct current buses of the multiple micro-grids;
when the net power load of the micro-grid is smaller than zero, the new energy power generation does not meet the load demand, and the power is input by the DC buses of the multiple micro-grids to meet the demand;
under the condition of ensuring stable bus voltage, controlling each micro-grid unit to jointly stabilize bus voltage fluctuation caused by load switching through an SOC balance strategy; the residual capacity of the energy storage unit is high, the output is more, the residual capacity is low, the output is less, when the temperature of the storage battery is too high, the use of the storage battery is cut off, and meanwhile, other micro-grid energy storage units supplement the power shortage; when switching output, the control of the super capacitor is utilized to keep the bus voltage stable.
Furthermore, the low-pass filter of each micro-grid distributes high-low frequency power by a wavelet packet-fuzzy control secondary frequency modulation algorithm, the input quantity is the net power of each micro-grid, and the output quantity is the high-frequency stabilizing quantity P bat And low frequency quantity P bat
P sc ＝μ sc [P MG -P bat ]
Wherein P is MG Net power for the microgrid; τ is the filter factor, μ bat The charge and discharge efficiency of the battery is improved; mu (mu) sc The charging and discharging efficiency of the super capacitor is improved;
and establishing a fuzzy control table of temperature and a filter factor tau for different micro-grid units through fuzzy control, and carrying out power distribution.
Furthermore, the super capacitor is a power type battery and is used for stabilizing power peaks, the super capacitor is controlled based on a bidirectional DC/DC converter through a power outer loop current inner loop double closed loop, the super capacitor and a control loop thereof are controlled in a centralized manner at a common DC bus of a plurality of micro-grids, and a large amount of load impact of the micro-grids is stabilized.
Furthermore, the storage battery is an energy type energy storage device, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled through a voltage outer ring and current inner ring double closed loop, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is used for stabilizing short-time voltage power fluctuation, and the PWM waveform duty ratio of the bidirectional DC/DC converter of the storage battery is controlled through an SOC average algorithm and a temperature threshold value, so that rated power is output.
Further, when the multiple micro networks are operated in a combined mode, the battery capacities of the micro networks are different, so that the battery packs with high battery capacities release more electric energy, and the battery packs with low battery capacities release less electric energy;
defining battery joint operation parameters:
wherein S is bati Battery capacity for a single microgrid;the total capacity of the battery pack;
the pretightening force set value of the micro-grid i storage battery unit is as follows:
calculating an input modulation amountAnd the power supply enters a bidirectional DC/DC closed-loop control link to output given power and stabilize bus voltage.
Further, when the temperature of the battery pack of a certain micro-grid is too high, the operation is stopped; recalculating total capacity of the multi-micro network and updating the battery joint operation parameter alpha:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the capacity reserves are withdrawn for the M battery packs.
Further, the SOC of the storage battery is positioned at 20% -80% of the total capacity; and sets a capacity detection time interval DeltaT s For detecting at regular time whether the battery needs to be stopped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The invention adjusts the high-low frequency distribution points through the fuzzy control secondary frequency modulation method, reduces low frequency components when the storage battery is overheated, and stabilizes through the super capacitor.
2) According to the invention, the multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordination controller is used for dispatching, so that the voltage of the multi-micro-grid direct current bus can be stabilized, fluctuation of different frequency characteristics is transmitted to the energy storage units with different energy characteristics to be stabilized, and the service lives of the energy storage units and the new energy consumption rate of the micro-grid are improved.
3) The flow direction of the micro-grid power in the direct current distribution network is guided through the arrangement of the multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordination controller, the expansion effect of the cluster aggregation effect on the energy mutual-aid function of the micro-grid units is utilized, and the absorption capacity of the micro-grid units on new energy sources is enhanced; the problem of service life reduction caused by excessive fluctuation of storage battery absorption due to new energy power generation fluctuation is solved; and by extracting the operation data characteristics of the micro-grid units, the voltage of the micro-grid interconnection common point bus is automatically adjusted, and the operation stability of the micro-grid units and the power switching sensitivity of the hybrid energy storage units are ensured.
4) And two or more group control systems are interconnected and regulated, so that a cluster effect with larger regulation can be generated, more new energy power is consumed, and meanwhile, the internal regulation of the micro-grid group control system has stronger autonomy and the interconnection switching of the micro-grid is more flexible. The area microgrid interconnect topology is shown.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hierarchical interconnection topology of a regional multi-microgrid of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-micro network interconnection circuit and a communication topology according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a topology of a single micro-net circuit structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control concept and strategy of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a low pass filter of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery control according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the super capacitor control of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a battery power distribution algorithm according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the experimental result of the output power of the energy storage unit of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the experimental results of the capacity of the energy storage unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the voltage stabilizing results of the bus bar of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The invention discloses a novel method for controlling interconnection of a plurality of micro-grids based on a hybrid energy storage micro-grid topological structure, which is based on the characteristic of energy density complementation of hybrid energy storage units and designs a multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordination controller, wherein the controller can collect the net load power of each micro-grid unit in the multi-micro-grid interconnection structure and calculate the pre-output power of the hybrid energy storage unit; secondly, the load power is divided into a high frequency part and a low frequency part through a low-pass filter connected with the micro-grid unit, the super capacitor connected with a common point absorbs the high frequency power, and the energy storage battery absorbs the low frequency power; and finally, controlling the output of the bidirectional DC/DC converter of each hybrid energy storage unit through the hybrid energy storage coordination controller of the plurality of micro-grids, ensuring the stable bus voltage at the connection point of the plurality of micro-grids, and enabling the storage battery to absorb fluctuation brought by new energy power generation and load switching as far as possible according to the output determined by the respective residual capacity. The flow direction of the micro-grid power in the direct current distribution network is guided through the arrangement of the multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordination controller, the expansion effect of the cluster aggregation effect on the energy mutual-aid function of the micro-grid units is utilized, and the absorption capacity of the micro-grid units on new energy sources is enhanced; the problem of service life reduction caused by excessive fluctuation of storage battery absorption due to new energy power generation fluctuation is solved; and by extracting the operation data characteristics of the micro-grid units, the voltage of the micro-grid interconnection common point bus is automatically adjusted, and the operation stability of the micro-grid units and the power switching sensitivity of the hybrid energy storage units are ensured.
1. Arrangement of group control of micro-grid units
The microgrid group should set group control as follows. A plurality of schools or residential areas containing micro-nets in adjacent areas are used as a micro-net group control system, the load types are basically consistent, the generated power is relatively close, and the peak time is relatively similar, so that the micro-net group control system is used as a micro-net group and is controlled by the same micro-net group control, as shown in the figure, group control 1 and group control 2. Such as a school, a factory near a residential area, other production units, and an industrial park, the load of which is widely separated from the load of the school and the residential area, and which is easy to produce a complementary effect, is used as another micro-grid group, and a group control system of the micro-grid group is arranged, as shown as group control 3. And two or more group control systems are interconnected and regulated, so that a cluster effect with larger regulation can be generated, more new energy power is consumed, and meanwhile, the internal regulation of the micro-grid group control system has stronger autonomy and the interconnection switching of the micro-grid is more flexible. The area micro-grid interconnection topology is shown in fig. 1.
2. Multi-micro-network interconnection topological structure and application scene
The multi-micro-network interconnection structure is a supplement and improvement of a single micro-network off-network structure. As shown in fig. 2, the micro-grids are connected with each other through one to a plurality of direct current buses, and direct current reclosers are arranged at the connection points to switch the micro-grids on and off the public direct current buses. A super capacitor is arranged at the public direct current bus, and the voltage and the output power of the super capacitor are controlled through a DC/DC converter; the micro-grid direct current bus is connected with a storage battery and a diesel generator. The storage battery energy storage system can stabilize the self power of the micro-grid when the single micro-grid operates, and can externally stabilize the power by utilizing the bidirectional power transmission characteristic of the bidirectional DC/DC converter in the multi-micro-grid interconnection mode. And collecting data such as voltage, current, power, energy storage unit SOC, energy storage unit temperature and the like at each micro-grid low-pass filter by using a multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordinator, and generating a control signal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter to control the output of each energy storage unit through power calculation and scheduling. The topology structure can be used for improving pertinency of a multi-micro-network interconnection operation mode based on the original single-micro-network energy storage topology structure, and unified management and coordinated operation of hybrid energy storage are achieved.
3. Decoupling operation mode and control method for single micro-grid unit
The decoupling operation of the micro-grid unit means that the micro-grid unit is not connected with an alternating current large power grid, and the power generated by the photovoltaic is consumed by the micro-grid unit system. As shown in fig. 3, the system comprises a micro-grid power generation end (photovoltaic power generation is taken as an example), an energy storage unit, a load, a transformation controller of each part and an electric energy transmission device (such as devices of a direct current wire, a circuit breaker and the like). The power of the storage battery is 48V, the voltage of the direct current bus of the micro-grid is 110V, and the photovoltaic MPPT works in a maximum power point tracking mode. A single microgrid should be practiced in a microgrid element as described above or in a similar form.
4. Multi-microgrid hybrid energy storage coordinated control target and method
As shown in fig. 4, the multi-microgrid hybrid energy storage coordination controller needs to control each microgrid unit to jointly stabilize busbar voltage fluctuation caused by load switching through an SOC balance strategy under the condition of ensuring busbar voltage stability, so that the surplus capacity of the energy storage unit is high, the surplus capacity is low, the use of the storage battery is cut off in time when the temperature of the storage battery is too high, and meanwhile, other microgrid energy storage units need to supplement power shortage in time, so that the purpose of power mutual utilization is achieved. When switching output, the control of the super capacitor is utilized to keep the bus voltage stable.
A single micro-grid system comprising photovoltaic and energy storage batteries is established, long-term use is ensured, and stable operation can be realized. The micro-networks are connected according to the topological structure shown in the section 2, and the connecting wires and the circuit breakers of the micro-networks are reasonably selected according to the actual capacity and the load condition, so that the transmission power of the wires is ensured to be enough. Selecting proper circuit element parameters such as inductance, capacitance and enough energy storage battery capacity; a sufficient battery margin needs to be set to ensure that a plurality of micro-networks can have sufficient scheduling margin; a bidirectional DC/DC converter with enough power is required to meet the power requirements of transmission inside and among micro networks; there is a need to provide a supercapacitor of sufficient capacity to meet the peak power levels of a given multi-microgrid dc bus section. The relevant parameters and settings can be given according to the experience parameters of the design capacity of a single micro-grid, and the power device needs to ensure the balance between the voltage output ripple rate and the regulation speed. The micro-networks are reasonably selected and interconnected, micro-networks in adjacent areas are mainly selected, the construction cost of power corridor and communication pressure among the micro-networks are reduced, and meanwhile, centralized control setting among multiple micro-networks is set among the micro-networks according to the mode.
The invention provides a multi-microgrid hybrid energy storage coordination control scheme, which is used for collecting variables such as power voltage and current of a microgrid and a low-pass filter connected with the microgrid, and outputting control quantity to a storage battery and a hydrogen energy storage-fuel cell as well as a bidirectional DC/DC converter. Within a single microgrid, the net power P of the microgrid i is defined according to a power balance equation MGi The method comprises the following steps:
P MGi ＝P pvi +P Aci +P DCli +P gridi
wherein P is MGi Refers to the net power load at microgrid i, P pvi Refers to the photovoltaic output power of a micro-grid i, P ACli Refers to AC load demand power at the micro-grid i, P DCli Refers to direct current load demand power, P at the micro-grid i grid The power flow direction of the direct current bus flowing into the 110V micro-grid is positive, as shown in figure 2, because the photovoltaic power generation, the alternating current load and the direct current load are all single loads, the electric energy can only be transmitted in single mode, and the model is an off-grid micro-grid system, the power flow direction is positive gridi =0. There is a definition of the composite load power as P liadi ＝P ACi +P DCi Therefore there is
So it is simpleNet power level P of chemical micro-net i MGi The method comprises the following steps:
P MGi ＝P pvi +P loadi
when P MGi >When 0, the new energy is excessively generated, the power is required to be output to the DC bus of the multi-microgrid, and when P is MGi <And 0, the new energy power generation is difficult to meet the load demand, and the multi-microgrid direct current bus needs to input power to meet the demand.
The separation of high and low frequency quantities for a single micro-grid low pass filter is shown in fig. 5:
for a low-pass filter, wherein T is used as a frequency distribution point of the low-pass filter, a wavelet packet-fuzzy control secondary frequency modulation algorithm is used for distributing high and low frequency power, and the input quantity is net power P of each micro-grid MGi The output quantity is the high-frequency stabilizing quantity P sc_refi And low frequency quantity P bat_refi . The output properties of the low pass filter are known:
P sc ＝μ sc [P MG -P bat ]
and establishing a fuzzy control table of temperature and a filter factor tau for different micro-grid units through fuzzy control, thereby realizing power distribution.
According to the power balance equation:
the hybrid energy storage battery stabilizes the power target expression.
The control targets for the hybrid energy storage coordination controller for multiple microgrids are shown in fig. 6 and 7 below.
As shown in FIG. 6, the super capacitor is a power type battery, is suitable for stabilizing power peak, controls the super capacitor through the power outer loop current inner loop double closed loop pair bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the super capacitor and the control loop thereof are controlled in a centralized manner at the common DC bus of the multiple micro-grids, so that a plurality of super capacitors can be stabilizedCompared with the arrangement and the distributed control of the micro-grid units, the micro-grid unit has better control effect of stabilizing the power impact of the direct current bus. Therefore, the super capacitor needs to stabilize the total high-frequency reference value P of n multi-micro-nets SCref The method comprises the following steps:
the control structure adopts power current double closed loop control to stabilize the voltage of the direct current bus.
As shown in fig. 7, the storage battery is an energy type energy storage device and has moderate electric energy reserve, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled through the voltage outer ring and the current inner ring double closed loops, the energy type energy storage device is suitable for stabilizing short-time voltage power fluctuation, and the coordinator can control the PWM waveform duty ratio of the bidirectional DC/DC converter of the storage battery through an SOC average algorithm and a temperature threshold value, so that the purpose of outputting rated power is achieved. According to the power balance equation, the following equations hold before and after power redistribution.
In the middle ofFor distributing the power of the battery before the power is stabilized, +.>Is the stabilized power after the power redistribution of the multi-micro network coordinator.
When the micro-grids are combined to operate, the SOCs of the micro-grid batteries are different, and when the micro-grid batteries are combined to operate, the battery packs with high SOCs release more electric energy, and the battery packs with low SOCs release less electric energy. For this purpose, battery joint operation parameters are defined
Wherein S is bati As for the battery capacity of a single micro-grid, since each micro-grid adopts different battery types and different voltage capacity curves, the battery experience capacity value is adopted as the battery capacity parameter of the single micro-grid.And the total capacity of the battery pack is calculated. Therefore, the pretightening force set value of the micro-grid i storage battery unit is as follows:
because the voltage set point is determined, the input modulation amount can be obtained according to the aboveAnd the power supply enters a bidirectional DC/DC closed-loop control link to output given power and stabilize bus voltage.
And if the temperature of the battery pack of a certain micro-grid is too high, the operation is stopped, and the total capacity of the multiple micro-grids is recalculated. And based on this update α, the following holds:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe capacity reserves are withdrawn for the M battery packs.
In order to protect the service life of the energy storage battery, the SOC of the charge and discharge is set to be 20% -80% of the total capacity. Wherein S is ba The current battery SOC value of the energy storage unit is limited as follows
S soc ×20％≤S bat ≤S soc ×80％
In order to reduce the communication burden and reduce the influence of high-delay variable such as temperature, a capacity detection time interval delta T is set s For timing detection of whether the battery needs to be stopped. Multi-microgrid hybridThe combined energy storage coordination controller operation flow chart is shown in fig. 8.
And (3) scheme verification:
in the embodiment, simulation experiments are adopted to verify the effectiveness of the multi-microgrid energy storage coordination strategy. The simulation adopts a bidirectional DCDC converter and adopts an average value model to accelerate the simulation speed. The experiment sets three groups of micro-grids for interconnection control, and the initial energy storage units SOC are respectively 70%, 65% and 60%. As shown in table 1, the multi-micro-grid energy storage coordinator does not apply an equalization algorithm when 0-300 seconds, wherein 0-150 seconds is a light load mode, 150-300 is a heavy load mode, and the multi-micro-grid performs energy storage coordination control when 300-600 seconds, wherein 300-450 seconds is a light load mode, and 450-600 is a heavy load mode.
Table 1 test experiment load status and equalization strategy
| Simulation time | Load conditions | Whether to use an equalization strategy | Operation unit |
| 0S～150S | Light load | Whether or not | 1、2、3 |
| 150S～300S | Heavy duty | Whether or not | 1、2、3 |
| 300S～450S | Light load | Is that | 1、2、3 |
| 450S～600S | Heavy duty | Is that | 1、2、3 |
| 600S～800S | Heavy duty | Is that | 2、3 |
As shown in the experimental result of the common DC bus voltage waveform of FIG. 9, when the equalization strategy is not applied for 0-300 s, the residual capacity of the battery energy storage is not considered, and the power output of the energy storage units of the micro-grid are the same. After the balancing strategy of the multi-microgrid energy storage coordinator is applied to coordinate, the microgrid can be matched with different output powers according to different capacities of the energy storage units, the capacities of the microgrids 1, 2 and 3 are sequentially reduced in initial capacity, and the power is also sequentially reduced in proportion after the coordination. The energy storage unit of the micro-grid 1 is removed from service due to overheat and overhaul in 600 seconds, the battery of the unit is cut off, and the equalization factor is recalculated by the multi-micro-grid energy storage coordinator, so that at 600-800 seconds, the overhaul energy storage unit is removed for standby because the energy storage unit of the micro-grid 1 is removed, the SOC of the overhaul energy storage unit is not changed any more, and meanwhile, the energy storage of other micro-grid units compensates for the power output shortage, the output power begins to become large, and the convergence speed is accelerated. So the output power is 0, and the remaining capacity of the 2 and 3 micro networks is continuously output power in proportion.
As shown in fig. 10, the curves of the residual capacities of the energy storage units of the micro-grids are parallel no matter heavy load or light load in 0-300 s, that is, the requirements of 'more residual capacity and more output and less residual capacity and less output' cannot be met. After an energy storage coordination algorithm is added into the multi-microgrid interconnection coordinator, as shown by 300-800 s, the SOC curves of the energy storage units of the plurality of microgrids are not parallel, and the curves approach gradually, namely the capacity begins to converge to the average value. At 600-800 s, as the energy storage unit of the 1 micro-grid is cut off, the output of other loads becomes larger, so the convergence speed is obviously accelerated.
As shown in FIG. 11, the bus voltage is the direct current voltage of the public micro-grid bus, the bus voltage is kept stable in a closed loop in the simulation test of the various conditions, the overshoot can be effectively controlled, and the response time is very small.
According to the device, the interconnection synergistic advantage of the multiple micro-grids is fully utilized, so that the multiple micro-grids can correspondingly distribute power output according to different conditions of the energy storage units on the basis of ensuring power mutual assistance, and the power supply environment during the cooperative operation of the multiple micro-grids is optimized.
Example 2
As another implementation manner of the present invention, according to the foregoing embodiment, the multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordinator starts to operate when the multiple micro-grids are connected together through the multi-micro-grid dc bus and the dc recloser.
When the photovoltaic power generation amount is equal to the load demand amount, the coordinator is not operated, and when the photovoltaic power generation amount and the load demand amount are not equal, the net load power is output/input through a low-pass filter connected with a micro-grid direct-current bus. The filter separates high-frequency quantity and low-frequency quantity of power, inputs high-frequency power signals required by a plurality of micro-networks into the multi-micro-network hybrid energy storage coordinator through the monitoring unit, performs addition calculation of the high-frequency signals, inputs the added high-frequency power component signals as specified signals to a power ring of the super capacitor, and performs input/output of given power by utilizing a power current double closed loop.
Second, the low frequency power signal is also transmitted to the multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordinator for power redistribution, and the specific distribution flow chart is shown in the figure. Collecting each micro-particleThe size of the low-frequency power component of the network is detected, and the sum of the capacity of the schedulable battery of the multi-micro network is calculatedSimultaneously, the timer of the multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage unit starts to count, and reaches the timing time delta T s When the temperature of the battery is too high, the battery pack is withdrawn from standby, capacity is subtracted, the dispatchable capacity and the combined operation parameters of the battery are updated, and if the temperature is normal, a timer is reset, and the timer time delta T is set s The temperature can be set according to the temperature change condition. Here, the total schedulable battery capacity should be combined with different battery types and rated capacities for non-linearisation determination. Since the sum of schedulable battery capacities is calculated +.>Meanwhile, the output power of each battery can be calculated:
and finally, taking the power as battery output, calculating input parameters through a multi-micro-grid hybrid energy storage coordinator, guiding the input parameters into closed-loop control of a bidirectional DC/DC energy storage unit of the storage battery as parameters, and generating corresponding PWM control waves by using the signals so as to achieve the aim of outputting given low-frequency power by the storage battery.
Meanwhile, the storage battery pack can be withdrawn for standby by controlling PWM control waves, can be realized by reclosing and breaking, and can be selected differently according to different micro-grid control modes. Although the invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, in which the PI control parameters of the controller and the circuit parameters are not given, but the embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not limitative, and those skilled in the art can combine many different forms of modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the protection of the invention.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-micro-network interconnection operation structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting the net load power of each micro-grid unit in the multi-micro-grid interconnection structure;
the load power is divided into a high frequency part and a low frequency part by a low-pass filter connected with the micro-grid unit, and a secondary frequency modulation method based on fuzzy control is adopted to adjust high and low frequency distribution points; transmitting high-frequency power to the super capacitor, and transmitting low-frequency power to the storage battery;
the low-frequency power is redistributed, and a power distribution signal is sent to a bidirectional DC/DC converter at the end of the storage battery for power scheduling;
the super capacitor is used for centralized control at a multi-microgrid public direct current bus and is used for stabilizing a large amount of load impact common to a plurality of microgrids.
2. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-micro-network interconnection operation structure according to claim 1, wherein the multi-micro-network interconnection structure sets group control in the following manner:
a plurality of schools or residential areas containing micro-nets in adjacent areas as a micro-net group control system;
taking factories, production units and industrial parks near schools and residential areas as a micro-grid group control system;
and carrying out interconnection regulation and control on two or more micro-grid group control systems.
3. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-microgrid interconnection operation structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the microgrids are connected with each other through one to a plurality of direct current buses;
the connection point is provided with a direct current reclosing switch for switching the public direct current bus by the micro-grid;
a super capacitor is arranged at the public direct current bus, and the voltage and the output power of the super capacitor are controlled through a DC/DC converter;
the micro-grid direct current bus is connected with a storage battery and a diesel generator;
the storage battery energy storage system stabilizes the self power of the micro-grid when the single micro-grid operates, and externally stabilizes the power by utilizing the bidirectional power transmission characteristic of the bidirectional DC/DC converter in the multi-micro-grid interconnection mode.
4. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure according to claim 1, wherein the net load power of each micro-grid unit is calculated based on new energy output and load demand in the micro-grid;
when the net power load of the micro-grid is greater than zero, the new energy source generates excessive power, and outputs power to the direct current buses of the multiple micro-grids;
when the net power load of the micro-grid is smaller than zero, the new energy power generation does not meet the load demand, and the power is input by the DC buses of the multiple micro-grids to meet the demand;
under the condition of ensuring stable bus voltage, controlling each micro-grid unit to jointly stabilize bus voltage fluctuation caused by load switching through an SOC balance strategy; the residual capacity of the energy storage unit is high, the output is more, the residual capacity is low, the output is less, when the temperature of the storage battery is too high, the use of the storage battery is cut off, and meanwhile, other micro-grid energy storage units supplement the power shortage; when switching output, the control of the super capacitor is utilized to keep the bus voltage stable.
5. Hybrid energy storage control dispatching party based on multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure as claimed in claim 1The method is characterized in that the low-pass filter of each micro-net distributes high-low frequency power by wavelet packet-fuzzy control secondary frequency modulation algorithm, the input quantity is net power of each micro-net, and the output quantity is high-frequency stabilizing quantity P bat And low frequency quantity P bat
P sc ＝μ sc [P MG -P bat ]
Wherein P is MG Net power for the microgrid; τ is a filtering factor, ζ bat The charge and discharge efficiency of the battery is improved; mu (mu) sc The charging and discharging efficiency of the super capacitor is improved;
and establishing a fuzzy control table of temperature and a filter factor tau for different micro-grid units through fuzzy control, and carrying out power distribution.
6. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure according to claim 1, wherein the super capacitor is a power type battery and is used for stabilizing power peaks, the super capacitor is controlled based on a bidirectional DC/DC converter through a power outer loop current inner loop double closed loop, the super capacitor and a control loop thereof are controlled in a centralized mode at a multi-micro-grid public direct current bus, and a large amount of load impact common to a plurality of micro-grids is stabilized.
7. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-microgrid interconnection operation structure, which is characterized in that the storage battery is an energy storage device, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled through a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop and double closed loops, short-time voltage power fluctuation is stabilized, the PWM waveform duty ratio of the storage battery bidirectional DC/DC converter is controlled through an SOC average value algorithm and a temperature threshold value, and rated power is output.
8. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure according to claim 7, wherein when the multi-micro-grid is operated in a combined mode, the capacities of the cells of the micro-grids are different, so that the battery packs with high battery capacities release more electric energy, and the battery packs with low battery capacities release less electric energy;
defining battery joint operation parameters:
wherein S is bati Battery capacity for a single microgrid;the total capacity of the battery pack;
the pretightening force set value of the micro-grid i storage battery unit is as follows:
calculating an input modulation amountAnd the power supply enters a bidirectional DC/DC closed-loop control link to output given power and stabilize bus voltage.
9. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure according to claim 8, wherein when the temperature of a battery pack of a certain micro-grid is too high, the operation is stopped; recalculating total capacity of the multi-micro network and updating the battery joint operation parameter alpha:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the capacity reserves are withdrawn for the M battery packs.
10. The hybrid energy storage control scheduling method based on the multi-micro-grid interconnection operation structure according to claim 1, wherein the SOC of the storage battery set charge and discharge is 20% -80% of the total capacity; and sets a capacity detection time interval DeltaT s For detecting at regular time whether the battery needs to be stopped.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117318111A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2023-12-29 | 南通沃太新能源有限公司 | Weather prediction-based dynamic adjustment method and system for light energy storage source |
| CN117375026A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Micro-grid frequency modulation system and method with cooperation of super capacitor and battery energy storage |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117318111A (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2023-12-29 | 南通沃太新能源有限公司 | Weather prediction-based dynamic adjustment method and system for light energy storage source |
| CN117318111B (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-03-22 | 南通沃太新能源有限公司 | Weather prediction-based dynamic adjustment method and system for light energy storage source |
| CN117375026A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Micro-grid frequency modulation system and method with cooperation of super capacitor and battery energy storage |
| CN117375026B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-04-02 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Micro-grid frequency modulation system and method with cooperation of super capacitor and battery energy storage |
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