CN116559001A - Quantitative evaluation method for microcosmic compressibility of tight sandstone reservoir - Google Patents
Quantitative evaluation method for microcosmic compressibility of tight sandstone reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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Abstract
The invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for microcompressability of a tight sandstone reservoir, which comprises the following steps: step one: analyzing mineral components of the tight sandstone reservoir by using an X-ray diffraction full rock analysis technology and an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence spectrum technology; step two: cutting and preparing a compact sandstone core sample according to the nano indentation experiment requirement; step three: recording a load-displacement curve in the nanoindentation process; step four: establishing a compact sandstone mineral component complex equivalent rock mechanical parameter calculation model; step five: comprehensively considering the natural microcrack and the bedding development degree; step six: when a comprehensive compressibility evaluation model is established, normalization processing is required to be carried out on each parameter by adopting a range transformation normalization method; step seven: and establishing a final compact sandstone reservoir comprehensive compressibility model by using the normalized parameters. According to the invention, the problems of high cost, difficult acquisition of the rock core and consideration of the inherent weak structural surface characteristics of the deep tight sandstone are overcome through the nanoindentation experiment, so that accurate and rapid evaluation of the microcosmic compressibility of the deep tight sandstone reservoir is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rock evaluation, and particularly relates to a quantitative evaluation method for microcosmic compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir.
Background
The quantitative evaluation of reservoir compressibility has very important guiding significance for optimization of engineering dessert optimization and fracturing modification design of deep tight sandstone reservoirs. At present, quantitative evaluation of the compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir is mainly carried out by adopting macroscopic rock mechanical parameters and a mineral content brittleness index. Firstly, rock mechanical parameters are used as one of important evaluation indexes, which not only influence the formation and evolution of natural cracks, but also control the expansion of artificial cracks. Currently, rock mechanical parameters are mainly obtained through experimental test means or dynamic parameters are obtained through calculation by using geophysical logging data.
The method comprises the steps of utilizing triaxial rock mechanics experiments, simulating three-dimensional stress states of deep stratum by loading confining pressure on a rock sample, utilizing a sensor to measure axial and transverse strain and axial load of the rock sample until the rock sample is damaged, and finally calculating and solving static rock mechanics parameters through an obtained stress-strain curve; the latter uses the longitudinal and transverse wave speed and density data in the array acoustic logging data to calculate dynamic rock mechanical parameters reflecting the mechanical properties of the stratum during instantaneous loading. And then, combining the characteristics of large data quantity of dynamic rock mechanical parameters and relatively more real static rock mechanical parameters, and establishing a mathematical model to correct the dynamic and static rock mechanical parameters so as to obtain continuous rock mechanical distribution under stratum conditions.
The mineral content brittleness index rule is to quantitatively characterize reservoir compressibility by calculating the content of brittle minerals (e.g., quartz, carbonate minerals) in tight sandstone reservoirs. And finally, comprehensively establishing a reservoir compressibility index model by utilizing rock mechanical parameters and brittleness indexes, so as to realize quantitative characterization of the compressibility of the tight sandstone reservoir.
The complex microstructure and mineral composition inside the dense sandstone lead the dense sandstone to have stronger heterogeneity, and meanwhile, the formation of the dense sandstone is influenced by mineral types, sediment sources and environmental mechanical properties, and micro-pores, micro-cracks and cracks which develop inside the dense sandstone lead the mechanical properties of the dense sandstone to show strong anisotropy. At present, the rock mechanical parameters of the reservoir are obtained by using methods such as triaxial rock mechanical experiments, and the heterogeneity of the tight sandstone reservoir is not fully considered, but the heterogeneity can lead to larger experimental data discreteness, so that a large amount of experimental data is needed to overcome the problem.
However, the conventional experiment requires a large-size core and cannot be recycled, and the drilling and coring cost is high, the difficulty is high, and a large number of cores are difficult to obtain under the general condition. In order to eliminate the influence of the anisotropy on the experimental result, the vertical bedding direction and the direction with a certain included angle with the bedding are required to be respectively sampled, and the sample is relatively difficult to manufacture and has low success rate, so that the reliability of the experimental result is also not effectively improved. The acoustic logging data are influenced by various factors such as borehole quality, drilling fluid system and the like, so that the rock mechanical parameters obtained through calculation have larger errors, and the drilling and completion design and numerical simulation analysis are difficult to meet. And the mechanical properties, content, microscopic mechanical properties and the like of minerals or organic matters can strongly influence the rock mechanical properties of a reservoir, and the rock mechanical properties of single minerals cannot be obtained by the method, and the rock mechanical properties of subsurface rock containing natural weak structures cannot be accurately represented.
For the calculation of the brittleness index, only the types and the contents of minerals are considered, but factors such as the internal structure of the rock, the weak structural surface and the like are not fully considered, and the definition of the brittle minerals is still relatively fuzzy at present, so that the brittleness characteristics of the rock cannot be accurately represented.
Therefore, none of the methods provides a stable and reliable technical support for quantitative evaluation of the compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for microscopic compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir, which aims to solve the problems that in the background art, macroscopic rock mechanical parameter test value errors caused by the heterogeneity of the tight sandstone reservoir are large, and comprehensive fracturing property evaluation models caused by the influence of natural weak structures such as natural cracks, layer structures and the like on the compressibility of the tight sandstone reservoir are not high.
The defects of high cost and difficult acquisition of the rock core of the existing rock mechanical testing technology are overcome through the nano indentation experiment. And then establishing a microcosmic mineral component complex equivalent rock mechanical parameter model to improve the accuracy of the strong heterogeneous compact sandstone rock mechanical parameters. And the quantitative evaluation index of the development degree of the natural weak structural surface is constructed by considering the influence of the natural weak structures such as natural microcracks, bedding and the like on the compressibility of the tight sandstone reservoir. And (3) combining the factors such as mechanical parameters, mineral component characteristics, natural weak structural surfaces and the like of minerals, and establishing a quantitative comprehensive evaluation model of reservoir compressibility under multi-factor coupling.
A quantitative evaluation method for microcosmic compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir, comprising the following steps:
step one: the mineral components of the tight sandstone reservoir are analyzed by using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) full rock analysis technology and an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDS) technology, and the proportion of each mineral component is defined.
Step two: cutting and preparing a compact sandstone core sample according to the requirements of nano indentation experiments, wherein the sample needs to be a small sample with complete inside, and the targeted nano indentation experiments are carried out on the selected point minerals by utilizing a microscopic imaging technology.
Step three: recording a load-displacement curve (P-H curve) in the nanoindentation process, and identifying the elastic modulus E, the indentation hardness H and the fracture toughness K by using an Oliver-Pharr (O-P) method, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
for the pressure points with clear indentation cracks, determining fracture toughness K according to the radial crack length of the pressure head on the surface of the test piece, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
for the pressure points with complex indentation crack morphology and difficult length measurement, the fracture toughness K is generally determined by an energy analysis method, and the specific calculation method is as follows:
U t ＝U e +U PP +U c ＝U e +U ir
wherein: a is the contact area (m) of the pressing head 2 )；A max Is the maximum contact area (m 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ei is the elastic modulus of the diamond pressing head, and 1140GPa is taken; er is the indentation reduced modulus (Pa); pmax is the maximum press-in load (N); h is the contact depth (m) of the pressing head; s is the contact stiffness (N/m); v is the poisson ratio of the sample, and 0.25 is taken; vi is poisson's ratio of the diamond indenter, 0.07; α is a constant related to ram geometry, bosch ram access 1.034; k is the fracture toughness of the rock; delta is the ram shape parameter: for a cube indenter, δ=0.032; whereas for Berkovich type rams, δ=0.016; c is the average crack length; u (U) t Is the total energy; u (U) e Is elastic energy; u (U) pp The plastic performance is achieved; u (U) c Is fracture energy; u (U) ir Is irreversible energy; g c Critical energy release rate; h is a f Is the indentation depth after complete unloading; through the experiment, the mechanical parameters of different minerals in the tight sandstone reservoir can be obtained, and the average value of the mechanical parameter test values of the minerals is selected as the mechanical parameter value of the typical minerals.
Step four: establishing a compact sandstone mineral component complex equivalent rock mechanical parameter calculation model, combining a compact sandstone microcosmic elastic modulus parameter, a hardness parameter and a fracture toughness parameter according to different mineral types, and further realizing scale upgrading, wherein the specific calculation method comprises the following steps of:
wherein E is z Elastic modulus after being upgraded for compact sandstone scale, MPa; e (E) 1 、E 2 、E 3 、E 4 、E 5 The elastic modulus of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is MPa;
H z rock hardness after being upgraded for compact sandstone scale is MPa; h 1 、H 2 、H 3 、H 4 、H 5 The hardness of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is respectively expressed in MPa;
K z fracture toughness after scale upgrading of compact sandstone is MPa.m1/2; k (K) 1 、K 2 、K 3 、K 4 、K 5 The fracture toughness of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is MPa.m1/2;
f 1 、f 2 、f 3 、f 4 、f 5 respectively the contents of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in the deep compact sandstone, and f 1 +f 2 +f 3 +f 4 +f 5 ＝1
Step five: the natural microcrack and the bedding development degree are comprehensively considered, a corresponding mathematical model is established, and finally the two parameters are integrated to obtain an index model reflecting the natural weak structural plane development degree, and the specific flow is as follows:
(1) Quantitatively describing the development degree of the micro-cracks by utilizing the natural micro-crack surface density:
wherein I is Z Is natural micro-crack surface densityA degree; l is the length of a crack of a single strip; n is the number of visible microcracks on the sheet; AB is the sheet area.
(2) Adopting quartz with larger stress weak surface response and calcite mineral content to establish a regression model, and solving the bedding development index:
S Z ＝f(f 2 ，f 5 )
wherein S is Z To the layer development index, f 2 For quartz content, f 5 Is calcite content.
(3) Natural microcrack areal Density I Z And a lamellar developmental index S Z Integration, the natural weak structural surface index which can quantitatively evaluate the influence of microcracks and bedding on the compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir is established:
wherein F is Z Is a natural weak structural surface index; s is S Z Is a lamellar developmental index; i Z Is the natural microcrack surface density.
Step six: when the comprehensive compressibility evaluation model is established, each evaluation index E Z 、H Z 、K Z 、F Z And the method has different dimensions, and normalization processing is required to be carried out on each parameter by adopting a range transformation normalization method. Normalized elastic modulus E Zj Hardness H after normalization Zj And normalized natural structure weakness index F Zj Normalized fracture toughness K as a forward index Zj Is a negative index. The specific calculation method is as follows:
step seven: and establishing a final compact sandstone reservoir comprehensive compressibility model by using the normalized parameters, comparing every two by adopting a hierarchical analysis method to determine the relative importance and scale of each element in each layer, establishing a judgment matrix by using the scale value, and determining the feature vector of the judgment matrix by adopting a sum-product method, wherein the elements in the feature vector are the weight coefficients of four parameters. The specific calculation method is as follows:
J＝aE Zj +bH Zj +cK Zj +dF Zj
a+b+c+d＝1
where a, b, c, d, e is a weight coefficient that reflects the compressibility of tight sandstone reservoirs for various characteristic parameters.
The calculated compressibility index can divide the compact sandstone reservoir into the following three types, wherein the compressibility coefficient is distributed in a class III reservoir with 0-0.3, which indicates that the compressibility is poor; while the compressibility index is distributed between 0.3 and 0.6 as a grade II reservoir, which indicates that the compressibility is general; and when the compressibility index is between 0.6 and 1, the reservoir is a grade I reservoir, the compressibility index shows that the reservoir is good in compressibility, and the accuracy of the fracturing model is checked by using the yield after actual fracturing.
The beneficial effects are that:
according to the invention, based on the nanoindentation experiment, microcosmic rock mechanical parameters of different minerals are measured and the equivalent rock mechanical parameter scale of the mineral component complex is updated, so that the problems of high cost, high sample preparation difficulty and the like in the conventional rock mechanical parameter measurement experiment are solved, and the problems of high data discreteness, low accuracy and the like caused by the heterogeneity of compact sandstone are also solved on the microcosmic scale. Meanwhile, when the comprehensive compressibility index model is built, the influence of a natural weak structure which is easy to ignore on reservoir compressibility is considered, and quantitative integration is carried out on the natural weak structure to build a natural weak structural surface index. The method can be used for predicting the compressibility of the deep tight sandstone reservoir more comprehensively, reasonably and accurately, and can provide more scientific basis for the fracturing reconstruction optimization and dessert area evaluation of the subsequent tight sandstone reservoir.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, secondly, analyzing mineral components of a tight sandstone reservoir by using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) full-rock analysis technology and an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDS) technology and carrying out a targeted nanoindentation experiment, so that the problems of high cost, long time consumption and difficult acquisition of core samples in a conventional triaxial rock mechanical experiment are well solved, and microcosmic rock mechanical properties of different mineral components are measured in a targeted manner.
And step four, establishing a compact sandstone component complex equivalent rock mechanical parameter calculation model to upgrade microscopic rock mechanical parameter scale, thereby effectively solving the problem of low reliability of the mineral content brittleness index caused by undefined brittle minerals and more reasonably representing the real brittleness characteristics of compact sandstone. The method fully considers the heterogeneity of the compact sandstone reservoir, so that the influence of factors such as the mechanical properties of minerals, the content of mineral components and the like on the macroscopic rock mechanical parameters of the compact sandstone is weakened, and the rock mechanical parameters after scale upgrading have higher accuracy.
And fifthly, establishing a natural weak structural surface index model by integrating the development degree and the bedding development degree of the natural microcracks, thereby quantitatively representing the influence of natural structural weak surfaces such as microcracks, bedding and the like on the compressibility of the tight sandstone reservoir, and enabling the subsequently established compressibility model to be higher in reliability and feasibility.
And step six, carrying out normalization processing on each evaluation index of the compressibility and establishing a compact sandstone reservoir compressibility index model, unifying the dimensions of all parameters through a range transformation standardization method, realizing unified evaluation under different meaning parameters, and determining the weight coefficients of the four parameters by adopting a analytic hierarchy process so that the compressibility model is more scientific. The compact sandstone reservoir is divided into three types according to the size range of the compressibility index, the compressibility of the compact sandstone reservoir is evaluated more intuitively, and reliable scientific basis and theoretical support are provided for exploration and development research such as fracturing modification of the compact sandstone reservoir and dessert area evaluation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for quantitatively evaluating the microcompressability of a tight sandstone reservoir;
FIG. 2 is a graph of diffraction patterns of all-rock minerals;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the results of EDS mineral composition analysis;
FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram I of a typical mineral measurement point selected under a microscope after polishing a sample;
FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram II of a typical mineral measurement point selected under a microscope after polishing a sample;
FIG. 5 is a graph of typical load-displacement (P-h) for nanoindentation experiments;
FIG. 6 is a statistical plot of the mechanical parameter test results for a typical mineral in a tight sandstone reservoir;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the effect of the compact sandstone reservoir comprehensive compressibility model application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
According to the method shown in fig. 1, a quantitative evaluation method for microscopic compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir comprises the following steps:
step one: the mineral components of the tight sandstone reservoir are analyzed by using an X-ray diffraction (XRD) full rock analysis technology and an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDS) technology, and the proportion of each mineral component is defined.
Step two: cutting and preparing a compact sandstone core sample according to the requirements of nano indentation experiments, wherein the sample needs to be a small sample with complete inside, and the targeted nano indentation experiments are carried out on the selected point minerals by utilizing a microscopic imaging technology.
Step three: recording a load-displacement curve (P-H curve) in the nanoindentation process, and identifying the elastic modulus E, the indentation hardness H and the fracture toughness K by using an Oliver-Pharr (O-P) method, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
for the pressure points with clear indentation cracks, determining fracture toughness K according to the radial crack length of the pressure head on the surface of the test piece, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
for the pressure points with complex indentation crack morphology and difficult length measurement, the fracture toughness K is generally determined by an energy analysis method, and the specific calculation method is as follows:
U t ＝U e +U PP +U c ＝U e +U ir
wherein: a is the contact area (m) of the pressing head 2 )；A max Is the maximum contact area (m 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ei is the elastic modulus of the diamond pressing head, and 1140GPa is taken; er is the indentation reduced modulus (Pa); pmax is the maximum press-in load (N); h is the contact depth (m) of the pressing head; s is the contact stiffness (N/m); v is the poisson ratio of the sample, and 0.25 is taken; vi is poisson's ratio of the diamond indenter, 0.07; α is a constant related to ram geometry, bosch ram access 1.034; k is the fracture toughness of the rock; delta is the ram shape parameter: for a cube indenter, δ=0.032; whereas for Berkovich type rams, δ=0.016; c is the average crack length; u (U) t Is the total energy; u (U) e Is elastic energy; u (U) pp The plastic performance is achieved; u (U) c Is fracture energy; u (U) ir Is irreversible energy; g c Critical energy release rate; h is a f Is the indentation depth after complete unloading; through the experiment, the mechanical parameters of different minerals in the tight sandstone reservoir can be obtained, and the average value of the mechanical parameter test values of the minerals is selected as the mechanical parameter value of the typical minerals.
Step four: establishing a compact sandstone mineral component complex equivalent rock mechanical parameter calculation model, combining a compact sandstone microcosmic elastic modulus parameter, a hardness parameter and a fracture toughness parameter according to different mineral types, and further realizing scale upgrading, wherein the specific calculation method comprises the following steps of:
wherein E is z Elastic modulus after being upgraded for compact sandstone scale, MPa; e (E) 1 、E 2 、E 3 、E 4 、E 5 The elastic modulus of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is MPa;
H z rock hardness after being upgraded for compact sandstone scale is MPa; h 1 、H 2 、H 3 、H 4 、H 5 The hardness of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is respectively expressed in MPa;
K z fracture toughness after scale upgrading of compact sandstone is MPa.m1/2; k (K) 1 、K 2 、K 3 、K 4 、K 5 The fracture toughness of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is MPa.m1/2;
f 1 、f 2 、f 3 、f 4 、f 5 respectively the contents of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in the deep compact sandstone, and f 1 +f 2 +f 3 +f 4 +f 5 ＝1
Step five: the natural microcrack and the bedding development degree are comprehensively considered, a corresponding mathematical model is established, and finally the two parameters are integrated to obtain an index model reflecting the natural weak structural plane development degree, and the specific flow is as follows:
(1) Quantitatively describing the development degree of the micro-cracks by utilizing the natural micro-crack surface density:
wherein I is Z Is the natural microcrack surface density; l is the length of a crack of a single strip; n is the number of visible microcracks on the sheet; a is that B Is the area of the sheet.
(2) Adopting quartz with larger stress weak surface response and calcite mineral content to establish a regression model, and solving the bedding development index:
S Z ＝f(f 2 ，f 5 )
wherein S is Z To the layer development index, f 2 For quartz content, f 5 Is calcite content.
(3) Natural microcrack areal Density I Z And a lamellar developmental index S Z Integration, the natural weak structural surface index which can quantitatively evaluate the influence of microcracks and bedding on the compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir is established:
wherein F is Z Is a natural weak structural surface index; s is S Z Is a lamellar developmental index; i Z Is the natural microcrack surface density.
Step six: when the comprehensive compressibility evaluation model is established, each evaluation index E Z 、H Z 、K Z 、F Z And the method has different dimensions, and normalization processing is required to be carried out on each parameter by adopting a range transformation normalization method. Normalized elastic modulus E Zj Hardness H after normalization Zj And normalized natural structure weakness index F Zj Normalized fracture toughness K as a forward index Zj Is a negative index. The specific calculation method is as follows:
step seven: and establishing a final compact sandstone reservoir comprehensive compressibility model by using the normalized parameters, comparing every two by adopting a hierarchical analysis method to determine the relative importance and scale of each element in each layer, establishing a judgment matrix by using the scale value, and determining the feature vector of the judgment matrix by adopting a sum-product method, wherein the elements in the feature vector are the weight coefficients of four parameters. The specific calculation method is as follows:
J＝aE Zj +bH Zj +cK Zj +dF Zj
a+b+c+d＝1
where a, b, c, d, e is a weight coefficient that reflects the compressibility of tight sandstone reservoirs for various characteristic parameters.
The calculated compressibility index can divide the compact sandstone reservoir into the following three types, wherein the compressibility coefficient is distributed in a class III reservoir with 0-0.3, which indicates that the compressibility is poor; while the compressibility index is distributed between 0.3 and 0.6 as a grade II reservoir, which indicates that the compressibility is general; and when the compressibility index is between 0.6 and 1, the reservoir is a grade I reservoir, the compressibility index shows that the reservoir is good in compressibility, and the accuracy of the fracturing model is checked by using the yield after actual fracturing.
Examples
According to the illustrations of fig. 2-3, step one: firstly, determining mineral components of a tight sandstone reservoir by adopting an X-ray diffraction (XRD) full rock analysis technology, and determining the existence form and specific distribution condition of each mineral by combining an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDS) technology.
According to the illustration of fig. 4A-B, step two: and (3) collecting rock samples, carrying out standard sample preparation of 1cm multiplied by 5mm on the samples needing nano indentation experiments, polishing the experimental samples, finding typical test pressure points in the high-power microscope, preliminarily delineating the range of the minerals needing to be tested, and respectively carrying out targeted nano indentation experiments on different minerals.
According to the illustration of fig. 5-6, step three: based on the targeted nanoindentation experiment in the second step, the Oliver-Pharr (O-P) method is adopted to calculate the collected load-displacement (P-h) curve, and then the elastic modulus, the indentation hardness and the fracture toughness of the microscopic mineral are obtained.
Step four: based on the influence of mineral components and distribution characteristics thereof on macroscopic rock mechanical parameters of a reservoir, establishing a mineral component complex equivalent rock mechanical parameter calculation model aiming at the heterogeneous compact sandstone reservoir, and carrying out scale upgrading on microscopic elastic modulus, indentation hardness and fracture toughness obtained in the step three.
Step five: the method comprises the steps of quantitatively characterizing natural structure weaknesses such as micro-cracks and layer theory which are one of main factors influencing crack expansion in an actual fracturing process, and establishing a forward index natural structure weaknesses index of a compressibility model.
According to fig. 7, step six: and combining the elastic modulus, the indentation hardness, the fracture toughness and the natural structure weak surface index after the homogenization treatment, determining the weight coefficients of four compressibility parameters by using a analytic hierarchy process and a sum product process, constructing a final compact sandstone reservoir comprehensive compressibility model, and dividing the reservoir into three types according to the compressibility index by using the compressibility index calculated by the model between 0 and 1.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The quantitative evaluation method for the microcosmic compressibility of the tight sandstone reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: analyzing mineral components of the tight sandstone reservoir by using an X-ray diffraction full rock analysis technology and an energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence spectrum technology, and determining the proportion of each mineral component;
step two: cutting a compact sandstone core sample according to the requirements of nano indentation experiments, wherein the sample needs to be a small sample with complete inside, and a targeted nano indentation experiment is carried out on the selected point mineral by utilizing a microscopic imaging technology;
step three: recording a load-displacement curve in the nanoindentation process;
step four: establishing a compact sandstone mineral component complex equivalent rock mechanical parameter calculation model;
step five: comprehensively considering the development degree of natural microcracks and bedding, establishing a corresponding mathematical model, and integrating the two parameters to obtain an index model reflecting the development degree of a natural weak structural surface;
step six: when a comprehensive compressibility evaluation model is established, normalization processing is required to be carried out on each parameter by adopting a range transformation normalization method;
step seven: establishing a final compact sandstone reservoir comprehensive compressibility model by using the normalized parameters, comparing every two by adopting a hierarchical analysis method to determine the relative importance and scale of each element in each layer, establishing a judgment matrix by using the scale value, and determining the eigenvector of the judgment matrix by adopting a sum-product method;
the calculated compressibility index can divide the compact sandstone reservoir into the following three types, wherein the compressibility coefficient is distributed in a class III reservoir with 0-0.3, which indicates that the compressibility is poor; while the compressibility index is distributed between 0.3 and 0.6 as a grade II reservoir, which indicates that the compressibility is general; and when the compressibility index is between 0.6 and 1, the reservoir is a grade I reservoir, the compressibility index shows that the reservoir is good in compressibility, and the accuracy of the fracturing model is checked by using the yield after actual fracturing.
2. The quantitative evaluation method for the microcompressability of a tight sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the third step specifically comprises:
the elastic modulus E, the indentation hardness H and the fracture toughness K are identified by using an Oliver-Pharr method, and the specific calculation method is as follows:
for the pressure points with clear indentation cracks, determining fracture toughness K according to the radial crack length of the pressure head on the surface of the test piece, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
for the pressure points with complex indentation crack morphology and difficult length measurement, the fracture toughness K is generally determined by an energy analysis method, and the specific calculation method is as follows:
U t ＝U e +U PP +U c ＝U e +U ir
wherein: a is the contact area (m) of the pressing head 2 )；A max Is the maximum contact area (m 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ei is the elastic modulus of the diamond pressing head, and 1140GPa is taken; er is the indentation reduced modulus (Pa); pmax is the maximum press-in load (N); h is the contact depth (m) of the pressing head; s is the contact stiffness (N/m); v is the poisson ratio of the sample, and 0.25 is taken; vi is poisson's ratio of the diamond indenter, 0.07; α is a constant related to ram geometry, bosch ram access 1.034; k is the fracture toughness of the rock; delta is the ram shape parameter: for a cube indenter, δ=0.032; whereas for Berkovich type rams, δ=0.016; c is the average crack length; u (U) t Is the total energy; u (U) e Is elastic energy; u (U) pp The plastic performance is achieved; u (U) c Is fracture energy; u (U) ir Is irreversible energy; g c Critical energy release rate; h is a f Is the indentation depth after complete unloading; through the experiment, the mechanical parameters of different minerals in the tight sandstone reservoir can be obtained, and the average value of the mechanical parameter test values of the minerals is selected as the mechanical parameter value of the typical minerals.
3. The quantitative evaluation method for the microcompressability of a tight sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the fourth step specifically comprises:
the compact sandstone microcosmic elastic modulus parameter, the hardness parameter and the fracture toughness parameter are combined according to different mineral types, so that scale upgrading is realized, and the specific calculation method is as follows:
wherein E is z Elastic modulus after being upgraded for compact sandstone scale, MPa; e (E) 1 、E 2 、E 3 、E 4 、E 5 The elastic modulus of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is MPa;
H z rock hardness after being upgraded for compact sandstone scale is MPa; h 1 、H 2 、H 3 、H 4 、H 5 The hardness of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is respectively expressed in MPa;
K z fracture toughness after scale upgrading of compact sandstone is MPa.m1/2; k (K) 1 、K 2 、K 3 、K 4 、K 5 The fracture toughness of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in compact sandstone is MPa.m1/2;
f 1 、f 2 、f 3 、f 4 、f 5 respectively the contents of clay mineral, quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and calcite in the deep compact sandstone, and f 1 +f 2 +f 3 +f 4 +f 5 ＝1。
4. The quantitative evaluation method for the microcompressability of a tight sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the fifth step specifically comprises:
(1) Quantitatively describing the development degree of the micro-cracks by utilizing the natural micro-crack surface density:
wherein I is Z Is the natural microcrack surface density; l is the length of a crack of a single strip; n is the number of visible microcracks on the sheet; a is that B Test for flakesThe area of the sample;
(2) Adopting quartz with larger stress weak surface response and calcite mineral content to establish a regression model, and solving the bedding development index:
S Z ＝f(f 2 ，f 5 )
wherein S is Z To the layer development index, f 2 For quartz content, f 5 Is calcite content;
(3) Natural microcrack areal Density I Z And a lamellar developmental index S Z Integration, the natural weak structural surface index which can quantitatively evaluate the influence of microcracks and bedding on the compressibility of a tight sandstone reservoir is established:
wherein F is Z Is a natural weak structural surface index; s is S Z Is a lamellar developmental index; i Z Is the natural microcrack surface density.
5. The quantitative evaluation method for the microcompressability of a tight sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the step six specifically comprises:
when the comprehensive compressibility evaluation model is established, each evaluation index E Z 、H Z 、K Z 、F Z The method has different dimensions, and normalization processing is required to be carried out on each parameter by adopting a range transformation normalization method;
normalized elastic modulus E Zj Hardness H after normalization Zj And normalized natural structure weakness index F Zj Normalized fracture toughness K as a forward index Zj The specific calculation method is as follows:
6. the quantitative evaluation method for the microcompressability of a tight sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the step seven specifically comprises:
establishing a final compact sandstone reservoir comprehensive compressibility model by using the normalized parameters, comparing every two by adopting a hierarchical analysis method to determine the relative importance and scale of each element in each layer, establishing a judgment matrix by using the scale value, determining the feature vector of the judgment matrix by adopting a sum-product method, wherein the elements in the feature vector are weight coefficients of four parameters, and specifically calculating the weight coefficients of the four parameters by using the method as follows:
J＝aE Zj +bH Zj +cK Zj +dF Zj
a+b+c+d＝1
where a, b, c, d, e is a weight coefficient that reflects the compressibility of tight sandstone reservoirs for various characteristic parameters.
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| CN117744362A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-22 | 成都理工大学 | Quantitative evaluation method, system, equipment and terminal for fracturing property of tight sandstone reservoir |
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| CN116990134B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-04-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for measuring shale interface transition zone |
| CN117744362A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-22 | 成都理工大学 | Quantitative evaluation method, system, equipment and terminal for fracturing property of tight sandstone reservoir |
| CN117744362B (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-10-22 | 成都理工大学 | Quantitative evaluation method, system, equipment and terminal for fracturing property of tight sandstone reservoir |
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