CN116553888A - Anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116553888A CN116553888A CN202310526170.2A CN202310526170A CN116553888A CN 116553888 A CN116553888 A CN 116553888A CN 202310526170 A CN202310526170 A CN 202310526170A CN 116553888 A CN116553888 A CN 116553888A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of municipal drainage pipelines, and provides anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1800-1900 parts of aggregate; 400-450 parts of cementing material; 32-39 parts of silica fume; 140-180 parts of water; the aggregate comprises medium sand and graded broken stone; the cementing material comprises cement and fly ash. According to the invention, the strength and the density of the concrete material can be improved by adding the silica fume, so that the anti-scouring and wear-resisting performances of the concrete material are improved, and meanwhile, the silica fume also plays a role of a water reducing agent, so that the water reducing agent is not required to be additionally used; the invention adopts graded broken stone, can improve the workability, compactness and strength of concrete, and reduces the use of cement slurry. The concrete provided by the invention has excellent anti-scouring and wear-resisting properties, so that the service life of the concrete is prolonged, and the long-term use requirement can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of municipal drainage pipelines, in particular to anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In municipal works of water supply and drainage, the pipeline made of concrete materials can be soaked and flushed by water flow for a long time and a long time, the pipeline can be impacted by high-speed water flow in stormwater weather, and the water contains relatively hard impurities such as silt and the like, so that the pipeline wall can be worn to different degrees, the service life of the pipeline can be influenced, and meanwhile, the acid-base degree of the rainwater can also influence the service life of the pipeline to a certain degree. Once the pipeline is damaged, rainwater permeates into the ground, so that the ground water level of the peripheral area is high, and the ground of surrounding buildings or roads is adversely affected.
Because the drainage pipeline is almost buried underground, a large amount of manpower and financial resources are required for each replacement and repair, so how to improve the service life of the pipeline is a major problem of municipal engineering, and the service life of the large-volume and large-flow pipeline is longer and even reaches nearly hundred years.
The current drainage pipeline has poor anti-scouring and wear-resisting properties and short service life, and can not meet the long-term use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide the anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete and the preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a scouring-resistant and wear-resistant concrete which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the aggregate comprises medium sand and graded broken stone; the cementing material comprises cement and fly ash.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the medium sand to the graded broken stone is 1:1.8-1.9; the graded broken stone consists of broken stone with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm and broken stone with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 40mm and less than or equal to 80 mm; the mass ratio of the crushed stone with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 5mm and less than 20mm to the crushed stone with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 40mm and less than or equal to 80mm is 1:2.2-2.5.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the cement to the fly ash is 2.2-2.4: 1, a step of; the fly ash is class II fly ash.
Preferably, the silica fume has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 0.3. Mu.m.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing graded broken stone, part of water, silica fume and part of medium sand to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Mixing the mixed slurry, cement, residual medium sand and residual water to obtain a concrete mixture;
(3) And curing the concrete mixture to obtain the anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete.
Preferably, the mixing in the step (1) is performed under stirring, and the mixing time is 15 to 30 seconds.
Preferably, the mixing in the step (2) is performed under stirring, and the mixing time is 210 to 300 seconds.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the part of water to the rest of water is 3-3.6: 1, a step of; the mass ratio of the part of medium sand to the rest of medium sand is 1-1.2:1.
Preferably, the curing time is 24-28 d, and the temperature is 18-22 ℃.
The invention also provides application of the concrete prepared by the scheme or the anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete prepared by the preparation method of the scheme in municipal drainage pipelines.
The invention provides a scouring-resistant and wear-resistant concrete which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1800-1900 parts of aggregate; 400-450 parts of cementing material; 32-39 parts of silica fume; 140-180 parts of water; the aggregate comprises medium sand and graded broken stone; the cementing material comprises cement and fly ash. According to the invention, the strength and the density of the concrete material can be improved by adding the silica fume, so that the anti-scouring performance and the wear resistance of the concrete material are improved, and meanwhile, the silica fume also plays a role of a water reducing agent, so that the water reducing agent is not required to be additionally used; the invention adopts graded broken stone, can improve the workability, compactness and strength of concrete, and simultaneously reduces the use of cement slurry. The concrete provided by the invention has excellent anti-scouring and wear-resisting properties, so that the service life of the concrete is prolonged, and the long-term use requirement can be met.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a scouring-resistant and wear-resistant concrete which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the aggregate comprises medium sand and graded broken stone; the cementing material comprises cement and fly ash.
The anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete comprises 1800-1900 parts of aggregate, preferably 1850-1880 parts of aggregate, and the aggregate comprises medium sand and graded broken stone. In the invention, the mass ratio of the medium sand to the graded broken stone is preferably 1:1.8-1.9; the graded broken stone is preferably formed by the grain diameter of 5mm or less<20mm crushed stone and 40mm<Broken stone with the grain diameter less than or equal to 80 mm; the grain diameter is not more than 5mm<20mm crushed stone and 40mm<The mass ratio of the crushed stone with the grain diameter less than or equal to 80mm is preferably 1:2.2-2.5; in the specific embodiment of the invention, the medium sand is preferably from the sand of the Jingyang machine, the fineness modulus of the medium sand is preferably 2.5-2.7, the Methylene Blue (MB) value is preferably 0.4, the stone powder content is preferably 6 percent, and the apparent density is preferably 2.642g/cm 3 The bulk density is preferably 1.620g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The crushed stone is preferably from a continuous fraction of 5 to 20 in size from the Jingyang, aThe crushing index of the crushed stone is preferably 10.5%, the needle and flake content is preferably 2.1%, the mud content is preferably 0.4%, and the bulk density is preferably 1.490g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The medium sand and the broken stone are preferably free of mud blocks.
Based on the mass parts of the aggregate, the anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete comprises 400-450 parts of cementing materials, preferably 420-430 parts of cementing materials, wherein the cementing materials comprise cement and fly ash. In the invention, the mass ratio of the cement to the fly ash is preferably 2.2-2.4: 1, a step of; the cement is preferably ordinary Portland cement 42.5R; the fly ash is preferably class II fly ash; in the specific embodiment of the invention, the cement is preferably from Shaanxi acoustic Weak building materials group Co., ltd, model is ordinary Portland cement 43.5R, the standard consistency water consumption of the cement is preferably 26.4%, the grade is preferably P.042.5, the initial setting time is preferably 184min, the final setting time is preferably 255 min, the 3-day flexural strength is preferably 5.8MPa, the 3-day compressive strength is preferably 32.5MPa, the 28-day flexural strength is preferably 7.9MPa, the 28-day compressive strength is preferably 49.1MPa, and the density is preferably 2.993g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The fly ash is preferably from the integrated utilization limited company of the fly ash of the energy-rich copper power plant, the grade is preferably grade II, the water demand ratio of the fly ash is preferably 96.3%, the fineness is preferably 18.4%, the loss on ignition is preferably 2.72%, and the water content is preferably 0.11% by weight; the density is preferably 2.365g/cm 3 。
The anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete comprises 32-39 parts of silica fume, preferably 35-36 parts, based on the mass parts of the aggregate. In the present invention, the average particle diameter of the silica fume is preferably 0.1 to 0.3 μm, and in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the silica fume is preferably from Ningxia Yiyang industry and trade company, inc., and the loss on ignition is preferably 3.61%; the 7-day activity intensity index is preferably 121%; the water demand ratio is preferably 112%, and the water content is preferably 0.26% by weight; the silica content is preferably 89.72% by weight.
The anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete comprises 140-180 parts of water, preferably 150-160 parts of water, based on the mass parts of the aggregate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing graded broken stone, part of water, silica fume and part of medium sand to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Mixing the mixed slurry, cement, residual medium sand and residual water to obtain a concrete mixture;
(3) And curing the concrete mixture to obtain the anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete.
The invention mixes graded broken stone, part of water, silica fume and part of medium sand to obtain mixed slurry. In the present invention, the mixing is preferably performed under stirring, and the mixing time is preferably 15 to 30 seconds.
After the mixed slurry is obtained, the mixed slurry, cement, residual medium sand and residual water are mixed to obtain the concrete mixture. In the present invention, the mixing is preferably performed under stirring, and the mixing time is preferably 210 to 300 seconds; the mass ratio of the partial water to the residual water is preferably 3-3.6: 1, more preferably 3.4 to 3.5:1, a step of; the mass ratio of the partial medium sand to the residual medium sand is preferably 1-1.2:1.
After the concrete mixture is obtained, the concrete mixture is cured to obtain the anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete. In the present invention, the curing time is preferably 24 to 28 days, more preferably 25 to 26 days; the temperature is preferably 18 to 22℃and more preferably 20 to 21 ℃. The invention has no special requirement on the maintenance mode, and the mode commonly used by the person skilled in the art can be selected.
The invention also provides application of the anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete in municipal drainage pipelines. The invention has no special requirement on the application mode, and can be selected by a mode commonly used by a person skilled in the art. The anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete provided by the invention is especially suitable for small and medium-sized drainage pipelines with water flow speed of 10m/s <20 m/s.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail a kind of anti-scour and abrasion-resistant concrete, and its preparation method and application, which are provided by the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The cement used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention was obtained from Shaanxi acoustic carb building materials group Co., ltd, and the model was ordinary Portland cement 43.5R, and the specific index was: 26.4% of water consumption of standard consistency; grade p.042.5; initial setting time is 184min, and final setting time is 257min; the stability is qualified; the 3-day flexural strength is 5.8MPa, the 3-day compressive strength is 32.5MPa, the 28-day flexural strength is 7.9MPa, and the 28-day compressive strength is 49.1MPa; density 2.993g/cm 3 ；
The fly ash is from the integrated utilization company of the fly ash of the Huaneng copper power plant, the grade is grade II, the water demand ratio is 96.3%, the fineness is 18.4%, the loss on ignition is 2.72%, and the water content is 0.11wt%; density is 2.365g/cm 3 ；
The silica fume comes from Ningxia Yiyang industry and trade company, and the loss on ignition is 3.61%; the 7-day activity intensity index is 121%;
the water demand ratio is 112%, and the water content is 0.26% by weight; the silica content was 89.72wt%;
the middle sand is from the sand of the Jingyang machine, and the fineness modulus is 2.5-2.7; methylene Blue (MB) value is 0.4, mud block content is 0% and stone powder content is 6%; apparent density 2.642g/cm 3 Bulk density of 1.620g/cm 3 ；
The crushed stone comes from the jing yang, and the specification is 5-20 continuous grain grades; crush index 10.5%; needle and flake content 2.1%; the mud content is 0.4%, and the mud block content is 0%; bulk density 1.490g/cm 3 ；
The PVA fiber used in comparative example 1 of the present invention was obtained from Ningxia Yang Gong trade Co., ltd, and had a length of 19mm, an elastic modulus of 45GPa, a tensile strength of 1685MPa, an elongation at break of 8%, a shape percent of pass of 98% and an impurity content of 0.1%.
Example 1
The anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete is prepared according to the pipeline of each cubic meter:
1205kg of graded broken stone, 120kg of water, 35kg of silica fume and 325kg of medium sand are stirred for 25 seconds and uniformly mixed to obtain mixed slurry, and then the mixed slurry, 300kg of cement, 130kg of fly ash, 325kg of medium sand and 35kg of water are stirred for 90 seconds until uniformly mixed to obtain a concrete mixture; curing the concrete mixture at 18-22 ℃ for 28D to obtain the anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete, wherein the graded broken stone consists of broken stone with the grain diameter D of less than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm and broken stone with the grain diameter D of less than or equal to 40mm and less than or equal to 80mm, and the broken stone with the grain diameter D of less than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20 mm: the mass ratio of the particle diameter D of 40mm to 80mm is 1:2.34.
comparative example 1
Concrete was prepared per cubic meter of pipe:
1205kg of graded broken stone, 120kg of water, 30kg of silica fume, 5kg of PVA fiber and 325kg of medium sand are stirred for 25 seconds and uniformly mixed to obtain mixed slurry, and then the mixed slurry, 300kg of cement, 130kg of fly ash, 325kg of medium sand and 35kg of water are stirred for 90 seconds until uniformly mixed to obtain a concrete mixture; curing the concrete mixture at 18-22 ℃ for 28D to obtain concrete, wherein the graded broken stone consists of broken stone with the grain diameter D being smaller than or equal to 5mm and smaller than 20mm and broken stone with the grain diameter D being smaller than or equal to 40mm and smaller than or equal to 80mm, and the broken stone with the grain diameter D being smaller than or equal to 5mm and smaller than or equal to 20 mm: the mass ratio of the particle diameter D of 40mm to 80mm is 1:2.34.
comparative example 2
Concrete was prepared per cubic meter of pipe:
1150kg of graded broken stone, 123kg of water and 330kg of medium sand are stirred for 25 seconds and uniformly mixed to obtain mixed slurry, and then the mixed slurry, 400kg of cement, 100kg of fly ash, 325kg of medium sand and 41kg of water are stirred for 90 seconds until uniformly mixed to obtain a concrete mixture; curing the concrete mixture at 18-22 ℃ for 28D to obtain concrete, wherein the graded broken stone is formed by mixing broken stone with the grain diameter D being less than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm and broken stone with the grain diameter D being less than or equal to 40mm and less than or equal to 80mm, and the broken stone with the grain diameter D being less than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm is obtained according to the weight ratio: particle diameter D is less than or equal to 80mm and is 1:2.33.
performance test of concrete
The anti-abrasion and abrasion-resistant concrete prepared in example 1 of the present invention and the concrete prepared in comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested according to the anti-abrasion test (underwater steel ball method) of section 5.21 in "hydraulic concrete test procedure" SL/T352-2020, and the test results are specifically shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 results of Performance test of the anti-scour and abrasion-resistant concrete prepared in example 1 and the concrete of comparative examples 1 to 2
| Sequence number | 28d compressive Strength/MPa | Wear rate La/% | Abrasion resistance fa/h (kg/m) 2 ) |
| Example 1 | 54.7 | 4.98 | 5.88 |
| Comparative example 1 | 58.0 | 5.28 | 5.45 |
| Comparative example 2 | 58.2 | 5.12 | 5.63 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the silica fume has the effect of improving the anti-scouring and wear-resistant properties of the concrete, and the anti-scouring and wear-resistant properties of the anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete provided by the invention are superior to those of comparative examples 1 and 2, and have the values of production, manufacture and construction.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
the aggregate comprises medium sand and graded broken stone; the cementing material comprises cement and fly ash.
2. The anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the medium sand to the graded broken stone is 1:1.8-1.9; the graded broken stone consists of broken stone with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 20mm and broken stone with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 40mm and less than or equal to 80 mm; the mass ratio of the crushed stone with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 5mm and less than 20mm to the crushed stone with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 40mm and less than or equal to 80mm is 1:2.2-2.5.
3. The anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of cement to fly ash is 2.2-2.4: 1, a step of; the fly ash is class II fly ash.
4. The anti-scouring abrasion-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the silica fume has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 0.3 μm.
5. The method for preparing the anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing graded broken stone, part of water, silica fume and part of medium sand to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) Mixing the mixed slurry, cement, residual medium sand and residual water to obtain a concrete mixture;
(3) And curing the concrete mixture to obtain the anti-scouring and wear-resistant concrete.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mixing in the step (1) is performed under stirring for 15 to 30 seconds.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mixing in the step (2) is performed under stirring for a period of 210 to 300 seconds.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of the partial water to the residual water is 3 to 3.6:1, a step of; the mass ratio of the part of medium sand to the rest of medium sand is 1-1.2:1.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the curing time is 24-28 d and the temperature is 18-22 ℃.
10. Use of the concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the anti-scour and anti-wear concrete prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 in municipal drainage pipelines.
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| CN202310526170.2A CN116553888A (en) | 2023-05-10 | 2023-05-10 | Anti-scouring wear-resistant concrete and preparation method and application thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007076956A (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-29 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Wear-resistant concrete product and its manufacturing method |
| CN113135719A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-07-20 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | Ultrahigh water-doped hydraulic anti-abrasion concrete and preparation process thereof |
| CN113354342A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-07 | 金华职业技术学院 | Regenerated micropowder concrete and preparation method thereof |
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2023
- 2023-05-10 CN CN202310526170.2A patent/CN116553888A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007076956A (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-29 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Wear-resistant concrete product and its manufacturing method |
| CN113354342A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-07 | 金华职业技术学院 | Regenerated micropowder concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN113135719A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-07-20 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | Ultrahigh water-doped hydraulic anti-abrasion concrete and preparation process thereof |
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| Title |
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| 宁占金, 唐儒敏: "抗冲耐磨混凝土在盘石头水库泄洪洞工程的应用", 水科学与工程技术, no. 05, pages 27 - 29 * |
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