CN116553655A - Chemical process water treatment system and method - Google Patents

Chemical process water treatment system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116553655A
CN116553655A CN202210107015.2A CN202210107015A CN116553655A CN 116553655 A CN116553655 A CN 116553655A CN 202210107015 A CN202210107015 A CN 202210107015A CN 116553655 A CN116553655 A CN 116553655A
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China
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gas
process water
coal
combustion
combustion evaporator
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彭万旺
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CCTEG China Coal Research Institute
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CCTEG China Coal Research Institute
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/043—Details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/169—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with water treatments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
    • F23G2204/101—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
    • F23G2209/101—Waste liquor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a chemical process water treatment system and a chemical process water treatment method. The treatment system of the process water comprises a combustion evaporator and a fixed bed gasifier; the side wall of the combustion evaporator is provided with a coal feeding port and a process water inlet, the bottom is provided with an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet and a slag discharging port, the top outlet is connected with a gas-solid separator, the solid phase outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with the combustion evaporator, and the gas phase outlet is sequentially connected with a temperature regulator or a steam cooler and a dust remover; the gas outlet of the dust remover is connected with the bottom of the fixed bed gasifier, the side wall is provided with a gas outlet, and the gas outlet is sequentially connected with a gas cooler and a gas purifying device; the gas outlet of the gas purifying device is connected with the downstream unit, and the liquid outlet is sequentially connected with the coal tar recovery device, the phenol recovery device and the process water inlet. The invention can also be used for treating various other waste water and producing water vapor besides the coal gasification production process, and secondary pollution discharge is not generated in the water treatment process.

Description

Chemical process water treatment system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a chemical process water treatment system and a chemical process water treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of coal conversion and utilization.
Background
The structural characteristics of oil deficiency and gas deficiency and multiple coals in the energy resources of China determine that coal is an indispensable basic energy source in China in the foreseeable future for decades. The efficient conversion and utilization of coal is one of important ways of adapting to carbon emission reduction, and the gasification of coal plays a more important role in the production of chemical synthesis raw material gas, liquid and gas fuel substitutes and hydrogen in China. As the most traditional fixed bed gasification production process with highest energy conversion efficiency, highest production flexibility and lowest gas product cost, the method has the defects of long flow, complex equipment, large occupied area and the like, and can produce condensate or washing water containing high-concentration organic matters and needs advanced treatment. Although fixed bed gasification has a variety of outstanding advantages, environmental problems caused by gas water discharge cannot be solved economically, and the application of fixed bed gasification technology is likely to be completely eliminated. It is therefore desirable to provide an economical and green process water treatment process and system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chemical process water treatment system and a chemical process water treatment method, which solve the problem of complex gas water treatment and simultaneously partially or completely replace the high-pressure steam requirement from a conventional boiler room; the invention can also be used for treating various other waste water and producing water vapor besides the coal gasification production process, and secondary pollution discharge is not generated in the water treatment process.
The structure of the first processing system of the process water provided by the invention is as follows:
comprising a combustion evaporator;
a coal feeding port and a process water inlet are formed in the side wall of the combustion evaporator;
an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet and a slag discharge port are arranged at the bottom of the combustion evaporator;
the top outlet of the combustion evaporator is connected with a gas-solid separator, the solid phase outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with the combustion evaporator, and the gas phase outlet is sequentially connected with a temperature regulator or a steam cooler and a dust remover; the gas outlet of the dust remover is connected with a downstream user;
the process water to be treated flows through the temperature regulator or the steam cooler and then enters the combustion evaporator;
the process water to be treated generally refers to waste water to be treated, which contains various organic matters and inorganic matters impurities and is difficult to treat, and is generated in the production processes of coal gasification, coking, coal-to-oil industry, fertilizer industry, paper industry, biochemical pharmacy and the like.
The structure of the second process water treatment system provided by the invention is as follows:
comprises a combustion evaporator and a fixed bed gasifier;
a coal feeding port and a process water inlet are formed in the side wall of the combustion evaporator;
an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet and a slag discharge port are arranged at the bottom of the combustion evaporator;
the top outlet of the combustion evaporator is connected with a gas-solid separator, the solid phase outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with the combustion evaporator, and the gas phase outlet is sequentially connected with a temperature regulator or a steam cooler and a dust remover; the gas outlet of the dust remover is connected with the bottom of the fixed bed gasifier, the side wall of the fixed bed gasifier is provided with a gas outlet, and the gas outlet is sequentially connected with a gas cooler and a gas purifying device; the gas outlet of the gas purifying device is connected with the downstream unit, and the liquid outlet is sequentially connected with the coal tar recovery device, the phenol recovery device and the process water inlet;
the process water which is suitable for being treated by the treatment system is coal gas water;
the fixed bed gasifier may be a fixed bed dry ash removal gasifier or a fixed bed slag gasifier.
In the treatment system, the process water inlet is connected with a plurality of process water nozzles, and a plurality of atomization holes are formed in the process water nozzles;
4-16 process water nozzles are distributed at different heights of the combustion evaporator;
the process water nozzle is close to the inner wall of the combustion evaporator;
and atomizing the process water into small mist drops through the process water nozzle, entering the bed layer of the combustion evaporator, heating and evaporating the mist drops after the mist drops contact with solid particles in the bed, and absorbing heat in the evaporation process. In the combustion evaporator bed, combustion heat release and water evaporation heat absorption are synchronously carried out.
In the treatment system, the gas-solid separator is a cyclone separator for separating large particles in the gas;
the connecting pipeline of the gas-solid separator and the combustion evaporator is provided with a fluidizing gas inlet, and fluidizing gas is introduced to help the circulating flow of solids.
In the treatment system, a coarse filter, a booster pump, a fine filter and a preheater are sequentially arranged between the phenol recovery device and the combustion evaporator;
in the treatment system, the slag discharging port is sequentially connected with the slag cooler and the slag lock;
a section of horizontal pipe is arranged between the slag discharging port and the slag cooler, and a purge gas inlet is arranged on the horizontal pipe;
the slag cooler is also connected with the combustion evaporator through a balance pipe, so that the gas generated by cooling the purge gas and the slag enters the upper part of the combustion evaporator through the balance pipe;
the slag lock is provided with an upper valve and a lower valve, ash can be decompressed from high pressure to normal pressure through the slag lock, and the ash is conveyed to a storage and transportation position.
Based on the treatment system, the invention also provides a treatment method of the process water, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that process water to be treated or coal gas water generated by a fixed bed gasifier enters a combustion evaporator through a process water inlet of a treatment device, atomization evaporation is carried out under the heat generated by coal combustion, organic matters in the process water or the coal gas water are converted into carbon dioxide and water vapor in the combustion process, the obtained mixed gas is discharged from the top of the combustion evaporator, and is discharged into a downstream user after gas-solid separation, temperature adjustment and dust removal in sequence, or is used as a gasifying agent to be introduced into the fixed bed gasifier;
in the fixed bed reactor, the gasifying agent and coal blocks are subjected to chemical reaction to generate coal gas; the coal gas is cooled and washed in sequence, the obtained coal gas is sent to a downstream unit, and the obtained water body is used as process water to enter the combustion evaporator through the process water inlet after coal tar and phenolic organic matters are separated.
In the treatment method, the temperature of the bed layer in the combustion reactor is 800-900 ℃, and the ratio of the water spraying amount to the coal adding amount is adjusted to control the temperature of the bed layer so as to keep the temperature constant;
the particle size of the coal particles added into the combustion evaporator is 0-6 mm, the normal-pressure fine particle coal is pressurized by a pressurized coal lock and then is sent to a pressure coal bin, and the pressurized coal is sent into the combustion evaporator by a coal feeder to control the coal amount;
the particle size of the coal particles added into the fixed bed gasifier is 6-50 mm, the gasifying agent enters from the bottom of the fixed gasifier and carries out chemical reactions including combustion, gasification, pyrolysis and the like with coal to generate the gas containing H 2 、CO、CH 4 、CO 2 And the components are gas. The gasifying agent generally comprises oxygen (oxygen-enriched or air) and water vapor, and can also comprise part of carbon dioxide, and most of large-scale gasification processes are carried out under pressure, and the gasifying agent is required to be high-pressure gas. The fixed bed gasifier has obvious temperature gradient in the bed layer, coal is heated by hot coal gas from the lower part in the carbonization temperature zone at the upper part of the gasifier to generate coal tar through pyrolysis reaction, and the coal tar rises to the top of the gasifier along with the coal gas generated in the gasification process in a gaseous form and then leaves the gasifier.
In the above treatment method, the operation pressure of the combustion evaporator is controlled to be higher than the operation pressure of the fixed bed gasifier, for example, in the application of the pressurized fixed bed gasifier, when the operation pressure of the fixed bed gasifier is 4.0MPa, the operation pressure of the combustion evaporator is 4.2-5.0 MPa; when the pressure of the fixed bed gasifier is increased to 6.0MPa, the operating pressure of the combustion evaporator is 6.2-6.8 MPa; and when the fixed bed gasifier is operated with pure oxygen at low pressure, the combustion evaporator can be arranged to operate at higher pressure, so as to be beneficial to downsizing the combustion evaporator.
The invention adopts oxygen (oxygen-enriched air) and coal to burn in a pressurized fluidized bed combustion evaporator, and simultaneously sprays coal gas water produced by a gasification furnace into a fluidized bed layer to atomize and evaporate the coal gas water while the coal burns and releases heat, organic matters in the water are also converted into carbon dioxide and water vapor in the combustion process, high-temperature gas leaving the fluidized bed combustor contains the water vapor and the carbon dioxide, the mixed gas is subjected to gas-solid separation, temperature adjustment and dry high-temperature dust removal to obtain high-pressure superheated water vapor containing a small amount of carbon dioxide, and the mixed gas gasification furnace is used as a gasification reactant to realize the treatment of the coal gas water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process water treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a combustion evaporator in the process water treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a combustion evaporator in a process water treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a slag discharging unit of a combustion evaporator in a process water treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of the process water treatment system according to the present invention.
The figures are marked as follows:
a fluidized bed combustion evaporator, a 2 fixed bed gasifier, a 3 coal feeding port, a 4 process water inlet, a 5 coal feeder, a 6 pressure coal bin, a 7 coal bin, an 8 oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet, a 9 slag discharging port, a 10 cyclone separator, a 11 temperature regulator, a 12 high temperature dust remover, a 13 fly ash cooler, a 14 fly ash pressure reducer, a 15 gas cooler, a 16 gas scrubber, a 17 coal tar recovery device, a 18 phenol recovery device, a 19 coarse filter, a 20 booster pump, a 21 fine filter, a 22 preheater, a 23 process water nozzle, a 24 slag cooler, a 25 slag lock and a 26 balance pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a process water treatment system provided by the invention comprises a fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 and a fixed bed gasifier 2.
The side wall of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 is provided with a coal feeding port 3 and a process water inlet 4, and the coal feeding port 3 is sequentially connected with a coal feeder 5, a pressure coal bin 6 and a coal bin 7. The bottom of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 is provided with an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet 8 and a slag discharging port 9, the top outlet is connected with a cyclone separator 10, the solid phase outlet of the cyclone separator 10 is connected with the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1, and the gas phase outlet is sequentially connected with a temperature regulator 11 and a high-temperature dust remover 12. The solid outlet of the high temperature dust remover 12 is connected with the fly ash cooler 13 and the fly ash pressure reducer 14 in sequence, the gas outlet is connected with the bottom of the fixed bed gasifier 2, the side wall of the fixed bed gasifier 2 is provided with a gas outlet, the gas outlet of the gas scrubber 16 is connected with a downstream unit in sequence, the gas outlet of the gas scrubber 16 is connected with the coal tar recovery device 17, the phenol recovery device 18, the coarse filter 19, the booster pump 20, the fine filter 21 and the preheater 22 in sequence, the preheater 22 is connected with the process water inlet 4, so that gas water is sprayed into the bed layer of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1, atomized and evaporated under the action of the heat release of coal combustion, organic matters in water are also converted into carbon dioxide and water vapor in the combustion process, the high temperature gas leaving the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 contains water vapor and carbon dioxide, and the mixed gas is subjected to gas-solid separation, temperature adjustment and dry high temperature dust removal to obtain high pressure superheated water vapor containing a small amount of carbon dioxide, and the mixed gas is used as a gasification reactant.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the process water inlet 4 is connected with 4 process water nozzles 23, a plurality of atomization holes are arranged on the process water nozzles 23, the process water nozzles 23 are uniformly distributed at different heights of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1, the process water nozzles 23 are close to the inner wall of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1, the process water is atomized into small mist droplets through the process water nozzles 23 and enters the bed layer of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1, the mist droplets are heated and evaporated after contacting with solid particles in the bed, and the evaporation process absorbs heat. In the bed of the fluidized-bed combustion evaporator 1, the combustion heat release and the water evaporation heat absorption are carried out simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 4, the slag discharge port 9 is connected with the slag cooler 24 and the slag lock 25 in sequence, a section of horizontal pipe is arranged between the slag discharge port 9 and the slag cooler 24, a purge gas inlet is arranged on the horizontal pipe, the slag cooler 24 is also connected with the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 through a balance pipe 26, and thus gas generated by cooling the purge gas and the slag enters the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 through the balance pipe 26. The slag lock 25 is provided with an upper valve and a lower valve, ash can be decompressed from high pressure to normal pressure through the slag lock 25, and the ash is conveyed to a storage and transportation place.
The invention also provides a treatment system which is suitable for treating various other waste water except coal gas water and producing water vapor, does not produce secondary pollution emission in the water treatment process, and is different from the treatment structure shown in fig. 1 in that the treatment system is characterized in that the process water to be treated is injected into the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 through a process water inlet 4 after being cooled, and the mixed gas discharged from the top of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 is subjected to gas-solid separation, cooling and dust removal and then is sent to downstream users.
When the treatment system shown in fig. 1 is used for treating coal gas water, the method comprises the following steps:
the fixed bed gasification furnace 2 is filled with coal blocks (granularity is 6-50 mm), gasifying agent enters from the bottom of the fixed bed gasification furnace 2, and chemical reactions including combustion, gasification, pyrolysis and the like are carried out with the coal blocks to generate the gas containing H 2 、CO、CH 4 、CO 2 And the components are gas. The gasifying agent generally comprises oxygen (oxygen-enriched air) and water vapor, and can also comprise part of carbon dioxide, and most of large-scale gasification processes are carried out under pressure, and the gasifying agent is required to be high-pressure gas. The bed layer of the fixed bed gasifier 2 has a remarkable temperature gradient, coal is heated by hot coal gas from the lower part in a carbonization temperature zone at the upper part of the fixed bed gasifier 2 to generate coal tar by pyrolysis reaction, and the coal tar rises to the top along with the coal gas generated in the gasification process in a gaseous form and leaves the fixed bed gasifier 2. After leaving the fixed bed gasifier 2, the gas is cooled and washed, and the gasThe dust, condensed water and macromolecular organic condensate in the water body (process water) are transferred into the water body. The gas water contains extremely complex organic matter components, and the organic matter components exist in the forms of heavy tar, light tar, water-soluble and the like. After separating the separable coal tar, the organic matters dissolved in the water can be recovered into various organic matters such as phenols by solvent extraction and the like. The residual water still contains a plurality of dissolved organic matters, and the water (gas water) is pumped into the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1.
The fine particle coal prepared by sieving has the granularity of 0-6 mm, the fine particle coal under normal pressure is delivered to a pressure coal bin 6 after being pressurized by a pressurized coal lock, the pressurized coal is delivered into a fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 by a coal adder 5, oxygen (or oxygen-enriched air) enters from the bottom of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1, the solid bed material in the bed is maintained in a stable fluidization state, the oxygen contacts the added coal material in the bed and generates combustion reaction, and the combustion heat of the coal and the oxygen releases to raise the temperature of the bed. The gas water obtained from the gasifier gas treatment system is filtered and pressurized by a pump, then exchanges heat with a preheating heat source to obtain preheating temperature, is atomized into small mist drops through a process water nozzle 23 and enters a bed layer of a combustion evaporator, and the mist drops contact solid particles in the bed to be heated and evaporated, and absorb heat in the evaporation process. In the bed layer of the combustion evaporator, combustion heat release and water evaporation heat absorption are synchronously carried out, and the ratio of the water injection amount to the coal addition amount is adjusted to control the temperature of the bed layer so as to keep the temperature constant. The bed temperature is controlled between 750 and 1000 ℃, more preferably in the range of 800 to 900 ℃.
In the bed layer, the added oxygen is remained compared with the oxygen required by the combustion of coal, and the combustion flue gas is still in an oxidizing atmosphere. Along with the atomization and evaporation of the gas water, the organic matters contained in the water also become gaseous, and the organic matters are oxidized and combusted into carbon dioxide and water vapor by oxygen in the gas in the bed.
The fluidized bed can be a jet bed with a simple structure, oxygen enters the reactor through a bottom central nozzle, gas entrains solid particles upwards, and when the gas reaches the upper part of the bed, the solid particles drop downwards from the outer ring of the reactor, so that the circulation of the solid particles in the bed is formed, as shown in fig. 2. The process water atomization component is arranged at the periphery of the combustion evaporator bed layer, and atomized water drops contact with falling high-temperature solid particles to be heated and evaporated. An auxiliary gas (e.g., a portion of oxygen) may be utilized to enter the atomizing member along with the water to facilitate better atomization of the water.
The gas leaving the fluidised bed contains solid dust and is separated from large particles in the gas by cyclone 10 and the solid particles are returned to the fluidised bed combustion evaporator 1 by diplegs. Fluidization gas is placed on the dipleg to aid in the circulating flow of solids.
The gas leaving the cyclone 10 passes through the temperature regulator 11, into which atomized secondary process water is sprayed, so that the temperature of the mixed gas is lowered. In the case where steam is not used for entering the gasification furnace, tap water containing no organic impurities or the like may be used for the temperature-adjusting water. The cooled gas is dedusted by a high-temperature deduster 12, and the gas with low dust content is sent to a gasification furnace for use after flow control and measurement. In order to reduce the influence of dust on downstream pipelines and equipment, the dust remover adopts a sintered metal or ceramic filter element to furthest separate fine dust contained in steam from the steam.
Coarse ash generated by coal combustion is led out from a slag discharge port 9 at the bottom of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1, ash particles are blown by purge gas to pass through a section of horizontal pipe section and then fall into a slag cooler 24 containing water, slag is cooled, and gas generated by the purge gas and slag cooling enters the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator 1 through a balance pipe 26. The bottom of the slag cooler 24 is connected with a slag lock with an upper valve and a lower valve, and ash can be decompressed from high pressure to normal pressure through the slag lock 25 and conveyed to a storage and transportation place.
The combustion evaporator can work in a wide pressure range, and the operation pressure selected by the fluidized bed burner is slightly higher than the pressure of the gasification furnace according to the operation pressure of the gasification furnace so as to ensure that steam generated by combustion can flow into the gasification furnace. When the operating pressure of the gasifier is 4.0MPa as in the application of the pressurized fixed bed gasifier, the operating pressure of the fluidized bed combustion evaporator is 4.2-5.0 MPa; when the pressure of the fixed bed gasifier is increased to 6.0MPa, the operating pressure of the combustion evaporator is 6.2-6.8 MPa; in the case of pure oxygen operation at low pressure for a fixed bed gasifier, the combustion evaporator may be set to operate at a higher pressure to facilitate downsizing of the combustion evaporator.

Claims (10)

1. A processing system of process water comprises a combustion evaporator;
a coal feeding port and a process water inlet are formed in the side wall of the combustion evaporator;
an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet and a slag discharge port are arranged at the bottom of the combustion evaporator;
the top outlet of the combustion evaporator is connected with a gas-solid separator, the solid phase outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with the combustion evaporator, and the gas phase outlet is sequentially connected with a temperature regulator or a steam cooler and a dust remover; the gas outlet of the dust remover is connected with a downstream user;
the process water to be treated flows through the temperature regulator or the steam cooler and then enters the combustion evaporator.
2. A processing system of process water comprises a combustion evaporator and a fixed bed gasifier;
a coal feeding port and a process water inlet are formed in the side wall of the combustion evaporator;
an oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet and a slag discharge port are arranged at the bottom of the combustion evaporator;
the top outlet of the combustion evaporator is connected with a gas-solid separator, the solid phase outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected with the combustion evaporator, and the gas phase outlet is sequentially connected with a temperature regulator or a steam cooler and a dust remover; the gas outlet of the dust remover is connected with the bottom of the fixed bed gasifier, the side wall of the fixed bed gasifier is provided with a gas outlet, and the gas outlet is sequentially connected with a gas cooler and a gas purifying device; the gas outlet of the gas purifying device is connected with the downstream unit, and the liquid outlet is sequentially connected with the coal tar recovery device, the phenol recovery device and the process water inlet.
3. The processing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the process water inlet is connected with a plurality of process water nozzles, and a plurality of atomization holes are formed in the process water nozzles.
4. A processing system according to claim 3, wherein: 4-16 process water nozzles are distributed at different heights of the combustion evaporator;
the process water nozzle is close to the inner wall of the combustion evaporator.
5. The processing system of any of claims 1-4, wherein: the gas-solid separator is a cyclone separator;
and a fluidization gas inlet is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the gas-solid separator and the combustion evaporator.
6. The processing system of any of claims 2-5, wherein: a coarse filter, a booster pump, a fine filter and a preheater are sequentially arranged between the phenol recovery device and the combustion evaporator.
7. The processing system of any of claims 1-6, wherein: the slag discharging port is sequentially connected with the slag cooler and the slag lock;
a section of horizontal pipe is arranged between the slag discharging port and the slag cooler, and a purge gas inlet is arranged on the horizontal pipe;
the slag lock is provided with an upper valve and a lower valve.
8. A processing method of process water comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that process water to be treated or coal gas water generated by a fixed bed gasifier enters a combustion evaporator through a process water inlet of the treatment device in any one of claims 1-7, and is atomized and evaporated under the heat generated by coal combustion, organic matters in the process water or the coal gas water are converted into carbon dioxide and water vapor in the combustion process, the obtained mixed gas is discharged from the top of the combustion evaporator, and is discharged to a downstream user after gas-solid separation, temperature adjustment and dust removal in sequence, or is introduced into the fixed bed gasifier as a gasifying agent;
in the fixed bed reactor, the gasifying agent and coal blocks are subjected to chemical reaction to generate coal gas; the coal gas is cooled and washed in sequence, the obtained coal gas is sent to a downstream unit, and the obtained water body is used as process water to enter the combustion evaporator through the process water inlet after coal tar and phenolic organic matters are separated.
9. A processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the temperature of the bed layer in the combustion reactor is 800-900 ℃;
the particle size of the coal particles added into the combustion evaporator is 0-6 mm;
the particle size of the coal particles added into the fixed bed gasifier is 6-50 mm.
10. A processing method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: and controlling the operation pressure of the combustion evaporator to be higher than the operation pressure of the fixed bed gasifier.
CN202210107015.2A 2022-01-28 2022-01-28 Chemical process water treatment system and method Pending CN116553655A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118185670A (en) * 2024-05-15 2024-06-14 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 Coal gasification treatment system based on fixed bed gasifier

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118185670A (en) * 2024-05-15 2024-06-14 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 Coal gasification treatment system based on fixed bed gasifier
CN118185670B (en) * 2024-05-15 2024-09-03 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 Coal gasification treatment system based on fixed bed gasifier

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