CN116550719B - Decoration garbage treatment process - Google Patents

Decoration garbage treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116550719B
CN116550719B CN202310375038.6A CN202310375038A CN116550719B CN 116550719 B CN116550719 B CN 116550719B CN 202310375038 A CN202310375038 A CN 202310375038A CN 116550719 B CN116550719 B CN 116550719B
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China
Prior art keywords
extrusion
mixture
binder
percolate
heating
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CN116550719A (en
Inventor
郝粼波
张波
杨柳
刘茹飞
王志杨
何江海
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Zhongcheng Institute Beijing Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Zhongcheng Institute Beijing Environmental Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a decoration garbage treatment process, which comprises the following steps of: sorting and crushing decoration garbage to obtain combustible particles; mixing the combustible particles with a binder; centrifuging the mixture; the surface of the mixture is adhered with landfill leachate; and (5) extrusion molding. According to the application, combustible garbage particles obtained by sorting and crushing decoration garbage are mixed with percolate, so that the mixing mode is improved, the heat value of garbage derived fuel is obviously improved, and the water content is reduced.

Description

Decoration garbage treatment process
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a decoration garbage treatment process.
Background
Combustible materials with high heat value can be separated from the decoration garbage, the combustible materials are an important source of the garbage derived fuel at the present stage, and granular combustible materials are usually obtained after the decoration garbage is separated and crushed, and then the combustible particles are conveyed and extruded to obtain the garbage derived fuel. In the prior art, the mode of increasing the heat value is mainly to increase the compression density, or the heat value of the raw materials is increased through hydrothermal treatment, or the raw materials and other garbage and products are mixed and cooperatively treated. The simple physical pressure increasing mode is limited in the degree of density increase, the water content is easily increased by means of hydrothermal treatment of raw materials, the cost required by drying is also worth considering, combustible particles in decoration garbage can be combined with combustible substances in various garbage in a mode of mixing the combustible particles with percolate or sludge generated by household garbage, kitchen garbage and the like, the overall heat value is increased, but the water in the percolate needs to be removed after mixing, the removal effect is difficult to ensure, the water content in the mixture is inevitably increased, the fluidity of the sludge is poor, the difficulty of mixing the sludge with the combustible substances is also high, and the effect is unsatisfactory.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides a decoration garbage treatment process.
A decoration garbage treatment process comprises the following steps: sorting and crushing decoration garbage to obtain combustible particles; mixing the combustible particles with a binder; centrifuging the mixture; the surface of the mixture is adhered with landfill leachate; extrusion molding; in the step of mixing the combustible particles and the binder, the combustible particles are uniformly added along the feeding direction in the mixing process of the combustible particles, and the combustible particles do not need to be uniformly mixed after the combustible particles are added; in the step of centrifuging the mixture, centrifuging the mixed combustible particles and the binder to enable the binder to be distributed close to the outer layer of the mixture; in the step of attaching the landfill leachate on the surface of the mixture, after the mixture is subjected to centrifugal treatment, the mixture enters an extrusion cavity for extrusion, when the mixture is changed from a loose state to an extrusion state, the landfill leachate is introduced to the surface of the mixture along the inner wall of the extrusion cavity, under the continuous extrusion pressure of an extrusion device, the leachate is attached on the surface of the mixture and moves along the extrusion cavity, heating treatment is carried out in the extrusion cavity which is 2-3 seconds away from a discharge hole, and the heating temperature is higher than the boiling point or the decomposition temperature of a binder.
Further, in the step of centrifuging the mixture, the centrifugal speed is 100-500r/min, the centrifugal time is 10-100 seconds, and the mixture is heated before centrifugation to enable the binder to have fluidity.
Further, the particle size of the combustible particle material is 1mm-5mm, the binder is 10% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, the amount is 6-10% of the weight of the combustible particle, the heating temperature before centrifugation is 50-90 ℃, and the heating temperature in the extrusion molding step is more than or equal to 210 ℃.
Further, in the extrusion molding step, the heating treatment is performed by adopting an electromagnetic heating coil or an electric heating element, a temperature gradient is formed in an extrusion cavity which is 2-3 seconds away from a discharge hole and the boiling point temperature position is arranged in the middle of the heating area.
Further, in the step of centrifuging the mixture, a centrifuging device is provided between the pressing device and the feeding device.
Further, in the extrusion molding step, in the extrusion cavity, a percolate introduction hole or a nozzle is arranged on the inner wall of the extrusion cavity when the mixture is changed from a loose state to an extrusion state, and the introduction pressure of the percolate is 1-2Mpa.
Further, in the extrusion molding step, the extrusion pressure is 5-7Mpa.
Further, after the extrusion molding step, the adhesion part of the percolate is plugged by adopting an adhesive, and the adhesive adopts an anhydrous combustible adhesive.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that: according to the application, combustible garbage particles obtained by sorting and crushing decoration garbage are mixed with percolate, so that the mixing mode is improved, the heat value of garbage derived fuel is obviously improved, and the water content is reduced.
Firstly, in the application, the mode of directly mixing the percolate with garbage and then drying and crushing in the prior art is improved to attach the percolate before extrusion molding and discharging of combustible particles. In the prior art, the percolate and the garbage are directly mixed and then dried, the required drying cost is longer, the water removing effect is poor, because the percolate is directly sprayed on the surface of the garbage, water in the percolate can be absorbed by loose garbage, the water removing difficulty is increased, the percolate and the garbage are directly mixed, the percolate and the garbage are uniformly mixed, and after extrusion forming, the components of the mixture are uniform, namely, the inside of the garbage derived fuel also contains the components after the percolate is dehydrated, but in practice, in the combustion process of the garbage derived fuel, the combustion inside of the garbage derived fuel is insufficient, the combustible components in the percolate are difficult to fully utilize, the overall combustion time of the garbage derived fuel is longer, but the actually increased heat value is not increased in proportion, and the gain effect of the mixture of the percolate is further reduced.
Secondly, in the application, instead of simply adhering and mixing the landfill leachate with combustible materials in decoration garbage, the simple soaking mode is generally more suitable for substances with higher viscosity such as fuel oil or sludge in the prior art, the landfill leachate has higher water content and poor viscosity, and is difficult to be adhered to the surface for a long time, and the adhesive in-situ substitution mode is creatively adopted to adhere the leachate in the space occupied by the surface-layer adhesive in the refuse derived fuel (hereinafter, a fuel rod is taken as an example) during extrusion molding, namely, the adhesion stability of the combustible materials in the leachate can be obviously improved similar to adsorption and pinning on the surface layer of the fuel rod. Specifically, the adhesive is firstly mixed with combustible particles, centrifugal treatment is carried out before extrusion, the adhesive is distributed on the surface layer position of the fuel rod by virtue of centrifugal force, percolate is introduced during extrusion molding, the adhesive on the surface layer position occupies a certain space and is molded and solidified, the molded shape has gaps among particles and pits, grooves or holes, the percolate cannot be introduced into the fuel rod under the action of pressure, the adhesive is only adhered to the outer surface of the fuel rod, the adhesive is heated when approaching extrusion discharging, and is preferably heated in a gradient manner, the adhesive is enabled to recover fluidity in the heating process, and convection with a certain content is carried out after the adhesive contacts with the percolate, at the moment, the percolate is transferred to the space occupied by the adhesive, when the temperature is higher than the boiling point or the decomposition temperature of the adhesive, the original space can absorb the percolate under the action of negative pressure, thereby introducing the percolate into the space occupied by the adhesive, meanwhile, the moisture in the percolate under the high temperature is vaporized, the whole moisture content is reduced, the adhesiveness of the combustible in the percolate is improved, the combustible in the whole percolate is ensured to be fully adhered to the fuel in the whole, the heat value is also reduced, the whole heat value of the combustible in the percolate is also is improved, and the whole heat value is finished, and the garbage is fully mixed with the surface layer.
Finally, after the fuel rod is extruded and discharged, the volume of the fuel rod is expanded under the elastic recovery effect, but the compression degree of the outermost layer is maximum, the rebound degree is correspondingly larger, the space which is originally occupied by the binder is not influenced by the volume expansion, and even the openings of the spaces such as pits are reduced due to the volume expansion of the outer layer, so that the possibility of overflow of combustible substances in the percolate is reduced. On the basis, if the outer layer of the fuel rod is plugged by adopting the anhydrous combustible binder, the stability of combustible matters in the percolate can be further ensured, and the loss of the combustible matters in the transportation process is reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A decoration garbage treatment process comprises the following steps: the decoration garbage is separated and crushed to obtain combustible particles, and the particle size of the combustible particle material is 3-4mm, and the particle size requirement on the combustible particles is not high because gaps among the particles are needed, compared with the conventional process, the combustible particle size is larger; mixing the combustible particles with a binder; centrifuging the mixture; the surface of the mixture is adhered with landfill leachate; extrusion molding; in the step of mixing the combustible particles and the binder, the binder is a 10% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, the dosage is 8% of the weight of the combustible particles, the binder and the binder are uniformly added along the feeding direction in the mixing process of the combustible particles, and the binder and the percolate are not required to be uniformly mixed after the addition, as the target positions of the binder and the percolate are on the surface layer, the binder and the combustible particles are not required to be uniformly mixed, the mixing difficulty is reduced, the binder is only required to be uniformly added along the feeding direction, the binder can be uniformly distributed on the surface layer as much as possible after the subsequent centrifugation, and a small amount of binder is reserved in the binder, so that the forming performance of the fuel rod can be improved; in the step of centrifuging the mixture, the mixed combustible particles and the binder are centrifuged to enable the binder to be distributed near the outer layer of the mixture, wherein a centrifugal device is arranged between an extrusion device and a feeding device, a centrifugal cylinder is added after a feeding section and before the extrusion section on the basis of the existing extrusion forming device, the mixture piled after feeding is centrifuged at 300r/min for 20 seconds, and the mixture is heated before centrifugation at 78 ℃ to enable the binder to have fluidity; in the step of attaching the landfill leachate on the surface of the mixture, after the mixture is subjected to centrifugal treatment, the mixture enters an extrusion cavity for extrusion, the extrusion pressure is 5-7Mpa, the landfill leachate is introduced into the surface of the mixture along the inner wall of the extrusion cavity when the mixture is changed from a loose state to an extrusion state, a leachate introducing hole or a nozzle is arranged on the inner wall of the extrusion cavity when the mixture is changed from the loose state to the extrusion state, the introducing pressure of the leachate is 1-2Mpa, the adding amount of the leachate is 10% of the weight of combustible particles, the mixture is attached to the leachate and moves along the extrusion cavity under the continuous extrusion pressure of an extrusion device, the heating treatment is carried out in the extrusion cavity which is 3 seconds away from a discharge hole, the heating temperature is higher than the boiling point or the decomposition temperature of the binder, preferably the heating temperature is 230 ℃, the heating treatment adopts an electromagnetic heating coil to heat the inner wall or adopts an electric heating element to heat the inner wall or directly heat a fuel rod, a temperature gradient is formed in the extrusion cavity which is 3 seconds away from the discharge hole, and the temperature position is arranged in the middle position of a heating area. The final fuel rod had a water content of 2.7% and a calorific value of 3780 kcal/kg.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the method further comprises the following step, namely, blocking the attachment part of the percolate by adopting an adhesive after the extrusion molding step, wherein the adhesive adopts an anhydrous combustible adhesive.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example uses the same components and contents of combustible material and percolate of the decoration wastes as the examples, except that: the fuel rod is prepared by adopting a conventional process, namely, percolate is directly sprayed into combustible particles, the combustible particles are dried for 30min by hot air at 110 ℃, the binder is not adopted, the fuel rod is directly fed and extruded for molding, the molding pressure is 5-7Mpa, the water content of the finally prepared fuel rod is 4.1%, and the calorific value is 3590 kcal/kg.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is identical to the example in terms of combustible material and percolate of the finishing refuse, with the difference that: in the preparation process, the adhesion modes of the percolate are different, the percolate is coated on the surface of the fuel rod with pits on the surface layer by adopting a coating mode after extrusion forming and discharging, the whole fuel rod is heated and dried after standing for 5min, the heating temperature is 230 ℃, the heating time is 3 seconds, and the water content of the finally prepared fuel rod is 3.2%, and the heat value is 3670 kilocalories/kg. Therefore, the percolate introduction mode can better reduce the water content and improve the attachment quantity of combustible substances in the percolate.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is almost identical to the preparation process of comparative example 1, except that: the binder with the same content and composition as in example 1 was added during mixing, and after extrusion molding and discharging, the drying treatment was performed at a heating temperature of 230 ℃ for 3 seconds, so that the water content of the finally prepared fuel rod was 6.3%, and the calorific value was 3591 kcal/kg. Therefore, the process can obviously reduce the final binder content of the fuel rod, thereby reducing the water content.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships are merely for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present application, a description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A decoration garbage treatment process comprises the following steps: sorting and crushing decoration garbage to obtain combustible particles; mixing the combustible particles with a binder; centrifuging the mixture at a speed of 100-500r/min for 10-100 seconds, and heating the mixture before centrifuging to enable the binder to have fluidity; the surface of the mixture is adhered with landfill leachate; extrusion molding; the method is characterized in that in the step of mixing the combustible particles and the binder, the combustible particles are uniformly added along the feeding direction in the mixing process of the combustible particles, and the combustible particles do not need to be uniformly mixed after being added; in the step of centrifuging the mixture, centrifuging the mixed combustible particles and the binder to enable the binder to be distributed close to the outer layer of the mixture; in the step of attaching garbage percolate on the surface of the mixture, after the mixture is subjected to centrifugal treatment, the mixture enters an extrusion cavity for extrusion, when the mixture is changed from a loose state to an extrusion state, garbage percolate is introduced into the surface of the mixture along the inner wall of the extrusion cavity, under the continuous extrusion pressure of an extrusion device, the percolate is attached to the surface of the mixture and moves along the extrusion cavity, heating treatment is carried out in the extrusion cavity which is 3 seconds away from a discharge hole and has extrusion time, the heating temperature is higher than the boiling point or the decomposition temperature of the binder, gradient heating is carried out in the heating process, the binder recovers fluidity, a certain content of convection is carried out after the binder contacts with the percolate, at the moment, the percolate is transferred to a space occupied by the binder, when the temperature is higher than the boiling point or the decomposition temperature of the binder, the binder is vaporized or decomposed, the original space can be absorbed into the percolate under the action of negative pressure, and meanwhile, the moisture in the percolate is vaporized at high temperature; the particle size of the combustible particles is 1mm-5mm, the binder is 10% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, the dosage is 6-10% of the weight of the combustible particles, the heating temperature before centrifugation is 50-90 ℃, and the heating temperature in the extrusion molding step is more than or equal to 210 ℃.
2. A finishing refuse treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that in the extrusion molding step, the heating treatment is performed by using an electromagnetic heating coil or an electric heating element, a temperature gradient is formed in the extrusion chamber for an extrusion time of 3 seconds from the discharge port, and the boiling point temperature position is set at the middle position of the heating area.
3. A finishing refuse treatment process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the step of centrifuging the mixture, the centrifuging means is arranged between the pressing means and the feeding means.
4. A finishing refuse treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that in the extrusion molding step, in the extrusion chamber, a percolate introduction hole or nozzle is provided in the inner wall of the extrusion chamber when the mixture is changed from a loose state to an extruded state, and the introduction pressure of the percolate is 1-2Mpa.
5. A finishing refuse treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that in the extrusion molding step, the extrusion pressure is 5-7Mpa.
6. A finishing refuse treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that after the extrusion step, the percolate attachment site is plugged with an adhesive, which is an anhydrous combustible adhesive.
CN202310375038.6A 2023-04-10 2023-04-10 Decoration garbage treatment process Active CN116550719B (en)

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CN116550719B true CN116550719B (en) 2023-10-17

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1766073A (en) * 2005-10-31 2006-05-03 四川雷鸣生物环保工程有限公司 Preparation method of city refuse incineration furnace granular fuel
CN103436321A (en) * 2013-09-11 2013-12-11 吕勇 Technique for preparing derived fuel from high-moisture domestic waste and municipal sludge
CN108219892A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-06-29 四川雷鸣环保装备有限公司 The technique that derivatived fuel RDF-5 is prepared with a kind of organic industry rubbish
CN109824271A (en) * 2019-01-16 2019-05-31 武汉博立达农业科技发展有限公司 It handles the method for house refuse and implements its system
CN110272774A (en) * 2019-06-26 2019-09-24 四川光大节能环保投资有限公司 A kind of method for treating garbage percolation liquid and its application in derivatived fuel preparation
CN112082164A (en) * 2020-09-11 2020-12-15 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Garbage leachate and incineration fly ash cooperative treatment process
CN115055479A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-09-16 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Decoration garbage treatment device and method

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1766073A (en) * 2005-10-31 2006-05-03 四川雷鸣生物环保工程有限公司 Preparation method of city refuse incineration furnace granular fuel
CN103436321A (en) * 2013-09-11 2013-12-11 吕勇 Technique for preparing derived fuel from high-moisture domestic waste and municipal sludge
CN108219892A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-06-29 四川雷鸣环保装备有限公司 The technique that derivatived fuel RDF-5 is prepared with a kind of organic industry rubbish
CN109824271A (en) * 2019-01-16 2019-05-31 武汉博立达农业科技发展有限公司 It handles the method for house refuse and implements its system
CN110272774A (en) * 2019-06-26 2019-09-24 四川光大节能环保投资有限公司 A kind of method for treating garbage percolation liquid and its application in derivatived fuel preparation
CN112082164A (en) * 2020-09-11 2020-12-15 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Garbage leachate and incineration fly ash cooperative treatment process
CN115055479A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-09-16 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Decoration garbage treatment device and method

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