CN116544760A - Mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback - Google Patents
Mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08059—Constructional details of the reflector, e.g. shape
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/086—One or more reflectors having variable properties or positions for initial adjustment of the resonator
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback, which comprises a pumping source, a quartz fiber, a heterogeneous fiber fusion joint, a mid-infrared active fiber, a pumping stripper and a low feedback component, wherein laser output by the pumping source is input into the mid-infrared active fiber through the quartz fiber and the heterogeneous fiber fusion joint, and the active fiber absorbs pumping light to generate laser gain; the middle infrared active optical fiber is connected with the low feedback component through a pump stripper, and the pump stripper is used for separating or stripping unabsorbed pump light; the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint is a fusion joint of a quartz optical fiber and a mid-infrared active optical fiber, and the reflection characteristic of the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint is changed by controlling the cutting angle of the optical fiber end face before fusion and the net propulsion amount during fusion, so that the interface reflection when laser is incident to the fusion joint is enhanced, and the effective resonant cavity feedback is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lasers, in particular to a high-efficiency medium-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback.
Background
The fiber laser with the middle infrared band of 2.5 μm can be applied to the fields of material processing, biomedicine, infrared countermeasure and the like by virtue of the advantages of excellent heat dissipation, good beam quality, strong environmental adaptability and the like. The mid-infrared fiber laser uses an active fiber doped with rare earth elements as a gain medium, and the matrix material of the active fiber is usually soft glass materials with low phonon energy and wide light transmission window, such as fluoride, chalcogenide and the like. Although fluoride fiber lasers and chalcogenide fiber lasers have been reported in the last century, most lasers use coated optical lenses as cavity mirrors and pump light is coupled into active fibers from spatial light paths, and thus all-fiber laser systems cannot be realized.
In recent decades, with breakthrough of a preparation process of a fluoride fiber grating, few units such as Laval university, kyoto university in Japan and the like have reported that a mid-infrared band full-fiber laser using the fluoride fiber grating as a resonant cavity mirror is based on a pair of soft glass fiber gratings with high reflectivity (> 99%) and low reflectivity (8% -30%) matched with center wavelengths, so that mid-infrared 3 mu m wave band laser output of several watts or even tens of watts is realized, and the system has a more compact system structure compared with a space optical path coupling system. However, there are certain limitations in using soft glass optical fibers such as fluoride to write fiber gratings as a cavity mirror of a laser resonator: firstly, the center wavelength and reflectivity of the fluoride fiber grating can change along with the increase of the working temperature (see [ Optics Letters 43 (18), 4542-4545 (2018) ]), the long-time stability of the laser is affected, and the fiber grating is easy to generate thermal damage due to the low softening temperature (< 400 ℃) of the soft glass fiber itself; secondly, the processing difficulty of the fiber bragg grating is high, the technical barrier is high, an expensive femtosecond laser micro-processing platform (see [ Optics Letters47 (14), 3435-3438 (2022) ] is needed to be relied on, and the high price of the soft glass fiber also increases the development cost of the fiber bragg grating; in addition, when a pair of fiber gratings are adopted to provide feedback of the laser resonant cavity, strict matching of the center wavelength of the gratings is required to be realized, so that the technical threshold of the mid-infrared all-fiber laser is further improved.
The invention provides a high-efficiency mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback, which can realize a full-fiber mid-infrared laser system by reasonably configuring cavity feedback and active fiber parameters without using soft glass fiber gratings such as fluoride, tellurate, chalcogenide and the like. Through literature and patent searching and new searching, related patents or literature reports are not yet seen.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback, which constructs a laser resonant cavity based on tiny feedback introduced by different glass matrix fiber fusion interfaces in a mid-infrared fiber laser system with high gain characteristics, thereby realizing an all-fiber laser and reducing the process difficulty of system realization. The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback comprises a pumping source, a quartz fiber, a heterogeneous fiber fusion point, a mid-infrared active fiber, a pumping stripper and a low feedback component, wherein,
laser output by the pumping source is input into the middle infrared active optical fiber through the quartz optical fiber and the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint, and the active optical fiber absorbs the pumping light to generate laser gain;
the middle infrared active optical fiber is connected with the low feedback component through a pump stripper, and the pump stripper is used for separating or stripping unabsorbed pump light;
the mid-infrared active optical fiber provides laser gain, so that mid-infrared laser oscillation is generated in a low-feedback resonant cavity formed by a heterogeneous optical fiber fusion point and a low-feedback component and is output through the low-feedback component;
the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint is a fusion joint of a quartz optical fiber and a mid-infrared active optical fiber, and the reflection characteristic of the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint is changed by controlling the cutting angle of the optical fiber end face before fusion and the net propulsion amount during fusion, so that the interface reflection when laser is incident to the fusion joint is enhanced, and the effective resonant cavity feedback is realized;
the low feedback component can realize lower laser reflectivity than that of the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint, so that the main power of the generated laser is ensured to be output by the low feedback component.
Further, the low feedback component is either an optical fiber end cap or a beveled optical fiber end face or an antireflection film coated optical fiber end face.
Further, the mid-infrared active optical fiber is a fluoride optical fiber doped with various luminescent ions or an optical fiber with other glass matrixes, and has high-gain characteristic in a mid-infrared band.
Further, the doping concentration of the fluoride optical fiber doped with various luminescent ions is more than 1mol percent, and the energy level service life on laser is more than 1ms.
Further, the luminescent ions include, but are not limited to, one or more of erbium, thulium, holmium, dysprosium, praseodymium, terbium.
Further, a filter device is inserted in the laser resonant cavity to realize the wavelength locking of the laser.
Further, a modulation device is inserted into the laser resonant cavity, so that the pulse operation of the laser is realized.
Further, the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint is a special fusion joint of a quartz optical fiber and an erbium-doped fluoride optical fiber realized by utilizing an asymmetric optical fiber fusion joint technology, and the cutting angle of the quartz optical fiber and the erbium-doped fluoride optical fiber is controlled to be less than 1 DEG, and the net propulsion is set to be 30-40 mu m.
Further, the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint is a special fusion joint of the quartz optical fiber and the erbium-doped fluoride optical fiber realized by utilizing an asymmetric optical fiber fusion joint technology, the cutting angle of the erbium-doped fluoride optical fiber and the quartz optical fiber is controlled to be less than 0.3 degrees, and the net propulsion is set to be 32 mu m.
Further, the output power of the low feedback component end is higher than the leakage power P of the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion point end 1 Two orders of magnitude higher.
Compared with the prior art, the high-efficiency medium-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback has the following advantages:
1) Compared with the prior non-all-fiber mid-infrared fiber laser, the mid-infrared all-fiber laser has more compact system structure and better environmental adaptability;
2) Compared with the immature mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on the soft glass fiber grating in the prior art, the mid-infrared all-fiber laser disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the special fusion point of the heterogeneous fiber and the low feedback component can be used as a cavity mirror, and the problem that the fiber grating is damaged or the reflectivity is changed under high-power operation is avoided;
3) The component or structure for providing cavity feedback has low cost and easy realization, and effectively reduces the technical threshold and the system cost of the mid-infrared all-fiber laser.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback.
Fig. 2 is a graph of output power of a 2.8 μm erbium-doped all-fiber laser at different pump powers based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback.
FIG. 3 is an output spectrum of a 2.8 μm erbium-doped all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1: a pump source; 2: quartz optical fiber;
3: a heterogeneous fiber fuse; 4: a mid-infrared active optical fiber;
5: a pump stripper; 6: low feedback component
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 is a high-efficiency mid-infrared erbium-doped all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback, which utilizes special fusion points of quartz fibers and erbium-doped fluoride fibers to provide cavity feedback, and an optical fiber end cap is used as a low feedback component to realize high-efficiency mid-infrared laser output. Referring to fig. 1, the laser structure includes: the device comprises a pumping source (1), a quartz optical fiber (2), a heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint (3), a middle infrared active optical fiber (4), a pumping stripper (5) and a low feedback component (6).
The heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint (3) is a special fusion joint of a quartz optical fiber and an erbium-doped fluoride optical fiber, which is realized by utilizing an asymmetric optical fiber fusion joint technology. Because of the larger material characteristic difference between the fluoride optical fiber and the quartz optical fiber, the reflection characteristic of the heterogeneous optical fiber welding point (3) can be changed by controlling the cutting angle of the optical fiber end face before welding and the net pushing amount during welding, so that the interface reflection when laser is incident to the welding point is enhanced, and the effective resonant cavity feedback is realized. In this embodiment, the cutting angle of the erbium-doped fluoride fiber and the quartz fiber is controlled to be<The net propulsion is set to be 32 mu m at 0.3 DEG, and the realized special fusion point has 10 degrees to signal light -2 Reflection of the magnitude. The pumping source (1) is a multimode semiconductor laser, the wavelength of the pumping light is 976nm, and the highest output power is 60W; the quartz optical fiber (2) is a multimode quartz optical fiber with the fiber core/cladding diameter of 105/125 mu m and is used for transmitting pump light; the middle infrared active optical fiber (4) is an erbium-doped fluoride optical fiber and is used for providing laser gain, and is of a double-cladding structure, the length is 7m, the diameter of a fiber core/inner cladding is 15/250 mu m, the numerical aperture of the fiber core/inner cladding is 0.14/0.46, the doping concentration of erbium ions is 7mol percent, and the upper energy level of laser is # 4 I 11/2 ) Lifetime 7.9ms, pump absorption coefficient 3dB/m; the pumping stripper (5) is a cladding power stripper, namely, the cladding power stripper is prepared by stripping a 5cm optical fiber coating layer at the rear end of the erbium-doped fluoride optical fiber (4) and recoating high-refractive-index silver colloid; the low feedback component (6) is a fluoride optical fiber end cap, which is prepared by using a Vytran GPX3400 fusion machine and a Vytran LDC400A cutterThe outer diameter is 260 mu m, the length is 700 mu m, and the tail end of the end cap is beveled to reduce the resonant cavity feedback introduced by the low feedback component (6).
Multimode pump light generated by the pump source (1) is input into the cladding of the mid-infrared active optical fiber (4) through the quartz optical fiber (2) and the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint (3), and the unabsorbed residual pump light is filtered by the pump stripper (5). The intermediate infrared active optical fiber (4) can absorb 976nm multimode pump light, generate high laser gain in the intermediate infrared 2.8 mu m wave band, and can realize high-efficiency oscillation of the intermediate infrared 2.8 mu m wave band laser under the action of the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion point (3) and the low feedback component (6), and the laser is output by the low feedback component (6) with lower reflectivity.
The principle that the system can realize high-efficiency laser output is as follows: the fusion point (3) of heterogeneous optical fiber in this example, i.e. the fusion point of quartz optical fiber and mid-infrared active optical fiber, can provide 10 by experimental measurement -2 Magnitude of laser reflectivity R 1 The reflectivity can be finely adjusted by changing the welding parameters of the optical fiber welding points; low feedback components (6), i.e. end-face bevelled fluoride fibre end caps, can be realized 10 -6 Magnitude of cavity reflectivity R 2 (feedback magnitude introduced by bevelled fiber end faces can be referred to in the literature [ Optics Express 20 (2012) 14542-14546 ]]) Since the end cap length and the chamfer angle affect the laser power reflected back into the mid-infrared active fiber core, the reflectivity R can be varied by varying the end cap length and the fiber chamfer angle 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Due to R 1 >>R 2 From the formula(reference [ Journal of Applied Physics 36 (1965) 2487-2490)]) It can be seen that the output power P at the end of the low feedback component (6) 2 Leakage power P at the end of fusion-splice point (3) of heterogeneous optical fiber 1 Two orders of magnitude higher, the low threshold and high efficiency generation of the mid-infrared laser can be realized by combining the selected mid-infrared active optical fiber with high gain characteristic, and the mid-infrared laser can be effectively output through a low feedback component (6).
Experimental measurements were performed on the mid-infrared laser output power of the mid-infrared all-fiber laser in this embodiment at different pump powers, and the results are shown in fig. 2. When the power of the pump source (1) is about 0.9W, the laser reaches a threshold value, and the output laser power at the moment is 10mW; increasing the power of the pump source (1), the output power of the laser is improved approximately linearly, the slope efficiency of the output power is about 20% compared with the incident pump power, and the slope efficiency is slightly reduced along with the improvement of the output power; when the power of the pump source (1) is 60W, the output power of the middle infrared laser reaches 10.3W. The output spectrum of the laser is shown in fig. 3, with a center wavelength of 2801.17nm.
The embodiment of the invention has the advantages that: the requirement on the reflection performance of an optical fiber device is greatly reduced, the special fusion joint of the quartz optical fiber and the fluoride optical fiber is utilized to realize the feedback of the resonant cavity required by the laser, and the realization difficulty and cost of the mid-infrared all-fiber laser are reduced; the slope efficiency of the laser in the embodiment is close to the common slope efficiency (15-22%) of the existing 2.8 mu m-band erbium-doped all-fiber laser based on the fiber grating, so that the all-fiber laser is not only convenient and feasible, but also has the characteristic of high efficiency.
Further, when the heterogeneous fiber fusion point (3) is processed, if the cutting angle of the quartz fiber and the erbium-doped fluoride fiber is controlled to be 0.3-1 °, the net thrust is set to be 30-40 μm, the result similar to the above-described embodiment can be achieved, and the slope efficiency of the all-fiber laser output power compared to the incident pump power is 15-20%.
Example 2
Embodiment 2 provides a holmium praseodymium codoping all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback, which provides cavity feedback by utilizing a special fusion joint of a quartz fiber and a holmium praseodymium codoping fluorine tellurate fiber, and the end face of the fiber coated with an intermediate infrared 2.9-3 mu m wave band antireflection film is used as a low feedback component. Referring to fig. 1, the laser structure includes: the device comprises a pumping source (1), a quartz optical fiber (2), a heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint (3), a middle infrared active optical fiber (4), a pumping stripper (5) and a low feedback component (6).
The pump source (1) is a Raman fiber laser and can generate single-mode laser with the wavelength of 1150 nm; the core/cladding diameter of the silica fiber (2) is 10/125 μm,1150nm pump light is transmitted in the fiber core; the mid-infrared active optical fiber (4) is holmium praseodymium codoping fluorine tellurate optical fiber which is of a single cladding structure, the length is 0.5m, the diameter of a fiber core/cladding is 10/250 mu m, the ion doping concentration of holmium is 3 mol% (the upper energy level of laser) 5 I 6 Lifetime 3.5 ms), praseodymium ion doping concentration 0.3mol.%; the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint (3) is a fusion joint of a quartz optical fiber (2) and a mid-infrared active optical fiber (4), and the heterogeneous fusion joint has reflection characteristics to transmitted laser due to different glass matrixes of the two optical fibers; the pump stripper (5) is a 1150nm/2900nm filtering type wavelength division multiplexer and is used for separating unabsorbed pump light, and the realization of the embodiment is not affected if the device is omitted; the low feedback component (6) is an optical fiber end face coated with an intermediate infrared 2.9-3 mu m wave band antireflection film, and is used for reducing the reflectivity of the optical fiber end face and isolating the optical fiber end face from water molecules in the air so as to protect the optical fiber.
The principle of this embodiment is as follows: the intermediate infrared active optical fiber (4) can absorb 1150nm single-mode laser output by the pumping source (1) and generate high laser gain in the intermediate infrared 2.9-3 mu m wave band; the processing method of the heterogeneous optical fiber welding point (3) and the available laser reflectivity are similar to those of the embodiment 1 and are far lower than the reflectivity of the high-reflection fiber grating in the conventional all-fiber laser>90% >; low feedback components (6), i.e. fiber end faces coated with mid-IR antireflection film, can be introduced<10 -3 Magnitude laser reflectivity, which can be varied by changing the cut angle of the fiber end face or adjusting the film system design; under the condition, the system can realize that the mid-infrared laser with the wave band of 2.9-3 mu m is effectively output by the low feedback component (6).
In the embodiments 1 and 2, the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion-bonding point (3) is a fusion-bonding point of a quartz optical fiber (2) and a mid-infrared active optical fiber (4), and is characterized in that the reflection characteristic of the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion-bonding point (3) can be changed by controlling the cutting angle of the optical fiber end face before fusion bonding and the net pushing amount during fusion bonding, so that the interface reflection when the laser is incident on the fusion-bonding point is enhanced, thereby realizing effective resonant cavity feedback.
The low feedback component (6) can be components or structures such as fiber end caps, beveled fiber end faces and antireflection film-plated fiber end faces with different lengths and different materials, and is characterized in that the low feedback component (6) can achieve lower laser reflectivity than the heterogeneous fiber fusion joint (3), so that main power of generated laser is ensured to be output by the low feedback component (6).
The mid-infrared active optical fiber (4) can be a fluoride optical fiber doped with various luminescent ions or an optical fiber with other glass matrixes, and is characterized in that the optical fiber has high gain characteristics in a mid-infrared band, the doping concentration is more than 1mol percent, and the energy level service life on laser is more than 1ms; the optical fiber type can be single-clad optical fiber, double-clad optical fiber, anti-resonance optical fiber and the like; the luminescent ions include, but are not limited to, one or more of erbium, thulium, holmium, dysprosium, praseodymium, terbium.
In the implementation, a filter device can be inserted into the laser resonant cavity to realize the wavelength locking of the laser.
In the implementation, a modulation device can be inserted into the laser resonant cavity to realize the pulse operation of the laser.
The embodiment of the invention does not particularly limit the model and specification of other devices except for the special description of the model of each device, so long as the device can complete the functions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are schematic representations of only one preferred embodiment, and that the above-described embodiment numbers are merely for illustration purposes and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A mid-infrared all-fiber laser based on heterogeneous fusion interface feedback comprises a pumping source, a quartz fiber, a heterogeneous fiber fusion point, a mid-infrared active fiber, a pumping stripper and a low feedback component, wherein,
laser output by the pumping source is input into the middle infrared active optical fiber through the quartz optical fiber and the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint, and the active optical fiber absorbs the pumping light to generate laser gain;
the middle infrared active optical fiber is connected with the low feedback component through a pump stripper, and the pump stripper is used for separating or stripping unabsorbed pump light;
the mid-infrared active optical fiber provides laser gain, so that mid-infrared laser oscillation is generated in a low-feedback resonant cavity formed by a heterogeneous optical fiber fusion point and a low-feedback component and is output through the low-feedback component;
the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint is a fusion joint of a quartz optical fiber and a mid-infrared active optical fiber, and the reflection characteristic of the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint is changed by controlling the cutting angle of the optical fiber end face before fusion and the net propulsion amount during fusion, so that the interface reflection when laser is incident to the fusion joint is enhanced, and the effective resonant cavity feedback is realized;
the low feedback component can realize lower laser reflectivity than that of the heterogeneous optical fiber fusion joint, so that the main power of the generated laser is ensured to be output by the low feedback component.
2. The mid-infrared all-fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the low feedback component is either a fiber end cap or a beveled fiber end face or an anti-reflection coated fiber end face.
3. The mid-infrared all-fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the mid-infrared active fiber is a fluoride fiber doped with various luminescent ions or other glass-matrix fiber, having high gain characteristics in the mid-infrared band.
4. A mid-infrared all-fiber laser according to claim 3, wherein the fluoride fiber doped with various luminescent ions has a doping concentration >1mol.%, and a laser upper energy level lifetime >1ms.
5. A mid-infrared all-fiber laser according to claim 3, wherein the luminescent ions include, but are not limited to, one or more of erbium, thulium, holmium, dysprosium, praseodymium, terbium.
6. The mid-infrared all-fiber laser of claim 1, wherein a filter device is inserted into the laser resonator to achieve wavelength locking of the laser.
7. The mid-infrared all-fiber laser of claim 1, wherein a modulation device is inserted into the laser resonator to effect pulsed operation of the laser.
8. The mid-infrared all-fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the heterogeneous fiber fusion splice is a special fusion splice of quartz fiber and erbium-doped fluoride fiber realized by asymmetric fiber fusion technology, and the cutting angle of the quartz fiber and erbium-doped fluoride fiber is controlled to be <1 °, and the net pushing amount is set to be 30-40 μm.
9. The mid-infrared all-fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the heterogeneous fiber fusion splice is a special fusion splice of quartz fiber and erbium-doped fluoride fiber realized by asymmetric fiber fusion splicing technology, the cutting angle of the erbium-doped fluoride fiber and the quartz fiber is controlled to be <0.3 °, and the net push-in amount is set to be 32 μm.
10. The mid-infrared all-fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the low feedback component end has an output power that is greater than the leakage power P at the fusion-splice end of the heterogeneous fiber 1 Two orders of magnitude higher.
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