CN116542089A - Method for predicting assembly strength performance of strap type power battery module - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module, which belongs to the technical field of simulation test, fully utilizes the advantages of short calculation period, accurate prediction and the like of finite element analysis, can timely check the stress, deformation and the like of the assembly working condition of the strap-type power battery module after the design is completed, and carries out targeted optimization design, thereby reducing test verification rounds, reducing development period, and reducing the full-dimensional standardized finite element operation flows of finite element modeling, assembly, calculation, evaluation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of simulation tests, and particularly relates to a method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module.
Background
Currently commonly used power cells are typically assembled by CTM (cell-module) mode and assembled in a power cell housing. The conventional power battery module is assembled and fixed through side plates, a lower plate, end plates and the like, so that the weight of the module is reduced, the energy density of the power battery is improved, the side plates and the lower plate of the module are canceled, and the battery module is widely applied by directly bundling the arranged battery cores, the cushions and the end plates by adopting the hoops. The power battery module with the hoops adopts an upper hoops and a lower hoops to bind the module, and under the general condition, the lower hoops are made of stainless steel materials, and the upper hoops are made of nylon materials. The two hoops are applied by pretightening force during bundling, so that the purposes of grouping modules and bearing loads such as gravity and the like are achieved.
The pretightening force of the hoops brings considerable difficulty to the strength performance prediction of the current module assembly working condition. At present, the strength durability performance simulation of the power battery module assembly working condition is mainly carried out in the following two modes:
the first mode is to use binding connection of end plates, buffer pads, battery cells and the like without considering the pretightening force action of the hoops, and the binding connection is not considered separately when the finite element simulation of the assembly working condition or other working conditions is carried out. The simulation mode ignores the acting force of the pretightening force of the strap on the end plate and the like, and if the end plate is made of low-strength materials such as plastics and the like, the finite element analysis conclusion can be contrary to the actual situation.
The second mode is to load the pre-tightening force load of the hoop according to the application mode of the bolt pre-tightening force, namely, a pre-tightening plane is established at any position of the hoop, and the pre-tightening force is applied on the pre-tightening plane. The simulation mode is often greatly influenced by the position of the pre-tightening plane, and can generate larger stress and deformation on the end plate near the pre-tightening plane, and the simulation mode is greatly different from the actual mode.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a finite element analysis method for predicting the assembly strength performance of the strap-type power battery module.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module, which fully utilizes the advantages of short calculation period, accurate prediction and the like of finite element analysis, can timely check the stress, deformation and the like of the assembly working condition of the strap-type power battery module after the design is completed, and performs targeted optimization design, thereby reducing test verification rounds, reducing development period, and reducing the full-dimensional standardized finite element operation flows of finite element modeling, assembly, calculation, evaluation and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows, and the method for predicting the assembly strength performance of the strap-type power battery module comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a finite element analysis model of a power battery module according to a real structure, wherein the power battery module comprises: the battery comprises an aluminum shell, a battery cell, an end plate, a buffer pad, a first strap and a second strap; the contact areas of the straps and the end plates, the contact areas of the cushion pads and the battery cells and the node of the contact areas of the cushion pads and the end plates are in one-to-one correspondence;
s2, defining the material properties of each part;
s3, defining contact relation among parts;
s4, calculating the compression amount of the buffer cushion under the pre-tightening working condition, and taking the compression amount as an interference load;
s5, defining a finite element model constraint condition and an interference load;
s6, carrying out nonlinear statics solving by adopting a Newton method, and calculating the stress and strain of each structure;
s7, extracting tension of the strap, and judging whether the strap meets the requirement;
s8, calculating the intensity performance of the finite element model.
Further, in the step S1, the battery cells of the power battery module are divided by hexahedral grids, the aluminum shell is of a single hexahedral structure, the grids of the single battery cells in the thickness direction are more than or equal to 3 layers, and the grid sizes in the length and width directions are less than or equal to 6mm; the grid of the end plate in the thickness direction is more than or equal to 2 layers, the grid of the area contacted with the strap is thinned, and the number of grids in the circumferential direction is more than or equal to 10; the mesh in the thickness direction of the hoop is more than or equal to 3 layers, and the aspect ratio of the mesh in the area contacted with the end plate is less than 2; the cushion pad is divided by hexahedral grids, and the thickness direction is 1 layer.
Further, in step S2, an elastic modulus E, poisson' S ratio μ and stress-strain curve of the aluminum housing, the cell, the end plate, the cushion and the band are defined; wherein the cell is defined as an elastomer, the elastic modulus E is more than or equal to 20MPa and less than or equal to 100MPa, and the Poisson ratio is 0.4; the cushioning pad is defined as a superelastic foam with a poisson's ratio of 0.01.
Further, in step S3, the end plate and the buffer pad are in contact relation, the battery cell and the buffer pad have small sliding and face-to-face contact, and inseparable is defined; the contact area between the end plate and the strap is in contact relation, the contact attribute is small slip, the surface-to-surface contact is realized, and the friction coefficient is 0.04-0.12.
Further, in step S4, the compression area S of the cushion pad is calculated,
calculating the total F of the design tension of the band, see formula (1):
F＝F first one +F Second one ………(1)
F First one And F Second one Designing tension values for the first band and the second band material;
calculating the compressive stress sigma of the cushion pad under the tension of the design strap, and the formula (2):
determining the abscissa, the compressive strain epsilon value by the ordinate, the compressive stress sigma according to the compressive stress-strain curve of the cushion material, and according to the initial thickness B of the cushion 0 The compression amount Δb of the cushion pad is determined, see formula (3):
ΔB＝B 0 ×ε……………(3)
and taking 0.5 delta B as the contact interference between the buffer pad and the battery cell and between the buffer pad and the end plate.
Further, in step S5, a rigid surface is adopted to simulate the assembly table top, six degrees of freedom of reference points of the rigid surface are constrained, the bottom surface of the battery cell is in limited sliding contact with the rigid surface, two nodes in the middle of the length direction of the module are selected to constrain the degrees of freedom in the length direction, and two nodes in the middle of the width direction of the end plates at two sides are selected to constrain the degrees of freedom in the width direction.
Further, in step S5, an interference load is set for the contact pair of the end plate and the cushion pad, and the interference load is determined in step S4.
Further, in step S6, statics is solved as geometrical nonlinearity, and statics output includes stress, strain, equivalent plastic strain, deformation and contact pressure.
Further, in step S7, if the deviation between the pulling force of the two bands and the design value is less than 3%, continuing step S8;
if the deviation of the tension of any one of the straps from the design value is more than 3%, adjusting 0.5 delta B or adjusting the material property of the cushion pad, and repeating the steps S5-S7 until the requirements are met.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention fully utilizes the advantages of short calculation period of finite element analysis, accurate prediction and the like, can timely check the stress, deformation and the like of the assembly working condition of the band-type power battery module after the design is completed, and carries out targeted optimization design, thereby reducing test verification rounds, reducing development period, greatly reducing the problem of larger dispersion of calculation results caused by subjective judgment of engineers and unifying judgment standards, improving simulation efficiency, and effectively solving the problems of precision and accuracy of the finite element results by establishing a finite element grid, applying simulation of band pre-tightening load, simulating the compression performance of cushion cushions among the electric cores and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the assembly of the strap-type power battery module of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the constraint of the strap-type power battery module in the length and width directions of the present invention
In the figure:
1-an electric core monomer; 2-end plates; 3-cushion pad; 4-a first band; 5-a second band; 6, restraining points in the length direction of the module; 7-module width direction constraint points.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operate in a specific orientation.
In the present invention, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "fixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; the connection may be mechanical connection or electrical connection; the connection may be direct connection or indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and may be internal connection of two elements or interaction relationship of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
-a method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, establishing a finite element analysis model of the power battery module according to a real structure, wherein in order to ensure the convergence and the accuracy of calculation, the contact areas of the hoops and the end plates, the contact areas of the cushion pads and the battery cells and the contact areas of the cushion pads and the end plates are in one-to-one correspondence.
S2, defining the material properties of each part. The modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, of a material is defined. And defines a compression measured curve, i.e., a stress-strain curve, of the cushion material.
S3, establishing an interaction relation among all parts of the power battery module according to a real structural relation, wherein the end plate, the electric core and the cushion pad are defined as a small sliding contact relation.
S4, estimating the compression amount of the cushion pad under the pre-tightening working condition according to the compression area of the cushion pad and the material property of the cushion pad, and applying the compression amount as an interference load.
S5, constraint conditions and interference loads are applied to the finite element model. It should be noted that the constraint does not limit the compression of the modules in the length direction.
S6, statics analysis: and (5) carrying out nonlinear statics solving by adopting a Newton method, and calculating the stress, the strain and the like of each structure.
S7, extracting the tension of the strap, and judging with the design value
And S8, judging the damage risk of the structural member according to the mechanical properties of materials such as the end plate, the battery cell shell, the strap and the like.
And S9, judging the damage risk of the battery cell monomer according to the compression amount and the large-area stress of the battery cell monomer in the thickness direction.
More specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
finite element analysis model building
S1, establishing a finite element analysis model of the power battery module according to a real structure, wherein in order to ensure the convergence and the accuracy of calculation, the contact areas of the hoops and the end plates, the contact areas of the cushion pads and the battery cells and the contact areas of the cushion pads and the end plates are in one-to-one correspondence.
In step S1, the structure of the strap power battery module is shown in fig. 2.
In the step S1, the battery core of the power battery module is divided by adopting hexahedral grids, the aluminum shell adopts a single-layer hexahedral structure, the equivalent of the internal structure is a mean value material, the grid of the internal structure in the thickness direction is not less than 3 layers, and the grid size in the length and width directions is not more than 6mm.
In the step S1, the thickness direction of the end plate of the power battery module is not less than 2 layers of grids, grids of the area in contact with the strap are thinned, and the number of grids in the circumferential direction is more than 10.
In the step S1, the thickness direction of the power battery strap is not less than 3 layers of grids, and the aspect ratio of the grids at the contact area with the end plate is less than 2.
In step S1, the cushion pad of the power battery module is divided into 1 layer in the thickness direction by adopting a hexahedral mesh.
S2, defining the material properties of each part. The modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, of a material is defined. And defines a compression measured curve, i.e., a stress-strain curve, of the cushion material.
In step S2, the end plate, the strap, and the cell aluminum case need to define the elastoplastic properties of the material, that is, the elastic modulus E of the elastic region, poisson' S ratio μ. And defines elastoplastic properties, i.e. stress-strain curves.
In the step S2, the average material of the internal equivalent of the battery core is defined as an elastomer, the elastic modulus E and the Poisson ratio mu are empirically taken according to different battery cores, and generally E is more than or equal to 20MPa and less than or equal to 100MPa, and the Poisson ratio is 0.4.
In step S2, the material properties of the cushion pad between the battery cells of the power battery module are defined according to superelastic foam, and the compression stress-strain curve of the material is defined according to the detailed data of the compression test, and the poisson ratio is defined to be 0.01.
In step S2, the buffer pad between the battery cells of the power battery module is divided into an upper part and a lower part according to the geometry to define material properties, which correspond to the action areas of the first strap and the second strap respectively.
S3, establishing an interaction relation among all parts of the power battery module according to a real structural relation, wherein the end plate, the electric core and the cushion pad are defined as a small sliding contact relation.
In step S3, the end plate and the buffer pad are in contact relation, the battery cell and the buffer pad are in small sliding and face-to-face contact, and inseparable is defined.
In the step S3, a contact relation is set in a contact area between the end plate and the strap, the contact attribute is small slip, the surface-surface contact is adopted, and the friction coefficient is selected to be 0.04-0.12.
Interference of buffer cushion with cell and end plate is determined
S4, estimating the compression amount of the cushion pad under the pre-tightening working condition according to the compression area of the cushion pad and the material property of the cushion pad, and applying the compression amount as an interference load.
In step S4, the compression area S of the cushion pad is calculated.
In step S4, the total design tension F of the band is calculated, see formula (1):
F＝F upper part +F Lower part(s) ………(1)
In step S4, the compressive stress σ of the cushion pad under the design strap tension is calculated, see formula (2):
in step S4, according to the cushion material compression test, a compressive stress-strain curve (σ) is obtained by the ordinate: compressive stress σ, calculated in equation 2, finds the corresponding location in the compressive stress-strain curve (σ) to determine the abscissa: compressive strain epsilon value and according to the initial thickness B of the cushion pad 0 The compression amount Δb of the cushion pad is determined, see formula (3):
ΔB＝B 0 ×ε……………(3)
in the step S4, 0.5 delta B is taken as the contact interference between the cushion pad and the battery cell and between the cushion pad and the end plate.
S5, constraint conditions and interference loads are applied to the finite element model. It should be noted that the constraint does not limit the compression of the modules in the length direction.
In the step S5, a rigid surface simulation assembly table board is adopted, the degree of freedom of the rigid surface reference point in the 1-6 directions is restrained, and the bottom surface of the battery cell is in limited sliding contact with the rigid surface.
In step S5, 2 nodes in the middle of the module in the length direction are selected to restrict the degree of freedom in the length direction, 2 nodes in the middle of the end plates in the width direction on both sides are selected to restrict the degree of freedom in the width direction, and the detailed arrangement is shown in fig. 3.
In step S5, interference load is set for the contact pair of the end plate and the buffer pad, and the interference load is determined in step S4.
S6, statics analysis: and (5) carrying out nonlinear statics solving by adopting a Newton method, and calculating the stress, the strain and the like of each structure.
In step S6, the statics solution must turn on the geometric nonlinearity.
In step S6, the hydrostatic output must include stress, strain, equivalent plastic strain, deformation, contact pressure, etc.
S7, extracting the tension of the strap, and judging with the design value
In step S7, the tension of the first band and the second band must deviate from the design value by within 3%.
In step S7, if the tension of the first strap and the second strap deviate from the design value greatly, the magnitude of 0.5 Δb (the contact interference between the cushion pad and the cell, and between the cushion pad and the end plate) is adjusted, and steps S5 to S7 are repeated.
In step S7, if the tensile force of one of the first strap and the second strap matches the design value, the other has a larger deviation from the design value, and the material properties of the corresponding cushion pad portion can be adjusted, and steps S5 to S7 are repeated.
(III) analysis and discrimination of results
And S8, judging the damage risk of the structural member according to the mechanical properties of materials such as the end plate, the battery cell shell, the strap and the like.
In step S8, the Mises stress of the structural member is required to be less than the strength limit of the material.
In step S8, the structural member is required to have an equivalent plastic strain less than the elongation at break of the material.
And S9, judging the damage risk of the battery cell monomer according to the compression amount and the large-area stress of the battery cell monomer in the thickness direction.
In step S9, the compression amount in the thickness direction of the cell unit is required to be smaller than the permissible intrusion amount of the cell
In step S9, the cell unit is required to be stressed substantially less than the cell allowed pressure.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention. And all that is not described in detail in this specification is well known to those skilled in the art.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Claims (9)
1. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of the strap-type power battery module is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, establishing a finite element analysis model of a power battery module according to a real structure, wherein the power battery module comprises: the battery comprises an aluminum shell, a battery cell, an end plate, a buffer pad, a first strap and a second strap; the contact areas of the straps and the end plates, the contact areas of the cushion pads and the battery cells and the node of the contact areas of the cushion pads and the end plates are in one-to-one correspondence;
s2, defining the material properties of each part;
s3, defining contact relation among parts;
s4, calculating the compression amount of the buffer cushion under the pre-tightening working condition, and taking the compression amount as an interference load;
s5, defining a finite element model constraint condition and an interference load;
s6, carrying out nonlinear statics solving by adopting a Newton method, and calculating the stress and strain of each structure;
s7, extracting tension of the strap, and judging whether the strap meets the requirement;
s8, calculating the intensity performance of the finite element model.
2. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of the strap-type power battery module according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the power battery module cells are divided by hexahedral grids, the aluminum shell is of a single-layer hexahedral structure, the grids in the thickness direction of the single cell are more than or equal to 3 layers, and the grid sizes in the length and width directions are less than or equal to 6mm; the grid of the end plate in the thickness direction is more than or equal to 2 layers, the grid of the area contacted with the strap is thinned, and the number of grids in the circumferential direction is more than or equal to 10; the mesh in the thickness direction of the hoop is more than or equal to 3 layers, and the aspect ratio of the mesh in the area contacted with the end plate is less than 2; the cushion pad is divided by hexahedral grids, and the thickness direction is 1 layer.
3. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, an elastic modulus E, poisson' S ratio μ and stress-strain curve of an aluminum case, a cell, an end plate, a cushion and a strap are defined; wherein the cell is defined as an elastomer, the elastic modulus E is more than or equal to 20MPa and less than or equal to 100MPa, and the Poisson ratio is 0.4; the cushioning pad is defined as a superelastic foam with a poisson's ratio of 0.01.
4. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module according to claim 3, wherein in step S3, the end plate and the cushion pad are in contact relation, the electrical core and the cushion pad are in contact with each other, the contact attribute is small slip, and the surface-surface contact is defined as inseparable; the contact area between the end plate and the strap is in contact relation, the contact attribute is small slip, the surface-to-surface contact is realized, and the friction coefficient is 0.04-0.12.
5. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a pouch type power battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S4, a compression area S of the cushion pad is calculated,
calculating the total F of the design tension of the band, see formula (1):
F＝F first one +F Second one ………(1)
F First one And F Second one For the first band and the second band materialIs a design tension value of (1);
calculating the compressive stress sigma of the cushion pad under the tension of the design strap, and the formula (2):
determining the abscissa, the compressive strain epsilon value by the ordinate, the compressive stress sigma according to the compressive stress-strain curve of the cushion material, and according to the initial thickness B of the cushion 0 The compression amount Δb of the cushion pad is determined, see formula (3):
ΔB＝B 0 ×ε……………(3)
and taking 0.5 delta B as the contact interference between the buffer pad and the battery cell and between the buffer pad and the end plate.
6. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module according to claim 5, wherein in step S5, a rigid surface is adopted to simulate an assembly table top, six degrees of freedom of a reference point of the rigid surface are constrained, the bottom surface of the battery core is in limited sliding contact with the rigid surface, two nodes in the middle of the length direction of the module are selected to constrain the degrees of freedom in the length direction, and two nodes in the middle of the width direction of end plates at two sides are selected to constrain the degrees of freedom in the width direction.
7. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module according to claim 6, wherein in step S5, an interference load is set to the pair of end plates and the cushion pad, and the pair of contact between the battery cell and the cushion pad, and the interference load is determined in step S4.
8. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module according to claim 5, wherein in step S6, statics is solved into geometrical nonlinearity, and statics output includes stress, strain, equivalent plastic strain, deformation and contact pressure.
9. The method for predicting the assembly strength performance of a strap-type power battery module according to claim 5, wherein in step S7, if the deviation between the pulling force of the two straps and the design value is <3%, continuing to step S8; if the tension of any one of the straps deviates from the design value by more than 3%, adjusting 0.5 delta B or adjusting the material property of the cushion pad, and repeating the steps S5-S7 until the requirements are met.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116776478A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-19 | 武汉嘉晨电子技术有限公司 | Compression rate matching method for BDU buffer cushion and heat conducting pad of automobile |
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2023
- 2023-04-14 CN CN202310397278.6A patent/CN116542089A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116776478A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-19 | 武汉嘉晨电子技术有限公司 | Compression rate matching method for BDU buffer cushion and heat conducting pad of automobile |
| CN116776478B (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-11-28 | 武汉嘉晨电子技术有限公司 | Compression rate matching method for BDU buffer cushion and heat conducting pad of automobile |
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