CN116539732A - Device and method for detecting external shock wave loading process and attenuation rule - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B17/225—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy [ESWL], e.g. by using ultrasonic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting an external shock wave loading process and an attenuation rule, and relates to the technical field of external shock wave characteristic measurement. The invention can realize the detection of the propagation process of the shock wave in the biological tissue, has definite measurement principle and simple equipment structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of in-vitro shock wave characteristic measurement, in particular to a method and a device for detecting a loading process and an attenuation rule of in-vitro shock waves in tissues based on an ultrasonic technology.
Background
In vitro shock wave treatment is a treatment method for inducing various biological effects in tissues through mechanical shock and energy stimulation, and has become a feasible treatment scheme in the past 30 years, is suitable for a wide range of clinical indications and is applied to clinical treatment of various diseases such as scapulohumeral periarthritis, tendinitis, femoral head necrosis and the like.
The key to the effectiveness of in vitro shock wave clinical therapy is the ability to apply appropriate force and energy stimulation at the precise treatment site, and the whole loading process is essentially the process of shock wave pressure pulses producing complex stress wave propagation and interaction within the tissue. The dynamic response of the tissue under the impact carries the information of the loading process and the attenuation rule of the shock wave, so that the loading mechanism and the attenuation rule of the shock wave can be researched by detecting the dynamic strain curve of the tissue material caused by the shock wave.
The propagation process of the external shock wave in the tissue has the remarkable characteristics of high pressure, short acting time, quick attenuation and the like, and great difficulty is brought to the propagation process of the experimental measurement shock wave and the research on the attenuation rule of the experimental measurement shock wave. In the prior art, two modes are generally adopted for measuring mechanical parameters of shock waves. Based on the assumption that the mechanical properties of water and human soft tissues are similar, a hydrophone is adopted to measure the pressure change of shock waves in water, so that the propagation process of the shock waves is researched, and the propagation properties in water are used for replacing the propagation properties in soft tissues; the other mode is to use a force transducer to obtain the residual pressure and impact strength of the shock wave after penetrating and simulating soft tissue load, and then calculate the energy density according to the residual pressure and the contact area of the shock wave treatment head and the load, and obtain the propagation rule. Because the mechanical characteristics of the soft tissue are far more complex than those of water, meanwhile, due to the existence of the mechanical sensor, obvious interference on the mechanical characteristics of the load is unavoidable, the placement position of the sensor is obviously related to the measurement result, the measurement data is unstable and has high randomness, so that the actual mechanical parameters cannot be accurately obtained, the complete force field distribution and propagation rule of the shock wave in the soft tissue cannot be effectively reconstructed, and the energy level of the internal load of the tissue is difficult to accurately evaluate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for detecting the loading process and the attenuation rule of an in-vitro shock wave, which utilize ultrasonic echo to detect the dynamic strain of interfaces with different depths of biological tissues when the shock wave acts, and analyze the loading process and the attenuation rule of the shock wave according to a dynamic strain curve.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a device for detecting an external shock wave loading process and an attenuation rule, which comprises a first movable workbench, a second movable workbench, a workbench base, a shock head, a target, an ultrasonic probe, a computer, an ultrasonic transmitting receiver and a shock wave regulating structure, wherein the shock head is arranged on the first movable workbench, the second movable workbench and the ultrasonic probe are both arranged on the workbench base, the target is arranged on the second movable workbench, the center of the shock head, the center of the ultrasonic probe and the center of the target are both correspondingly arranged, the ultrasonic probe and the computer are respectively and electrically connected with the ultrasonic transmitting receiver, and the shock head is electrically connected with the shock wave regulating structure.
Preferably, the first moving table comprises a sliding rail and a sliding block, the sliding block is in sliding connection with the sliding rail, the relative position of the sliding block and the sliding rail is fixed through a fastening structure, the impact head is arranged on the sliding block, and the impact head can move up and down along the first moving table.
Preferably, the device further comprises an alignment structure, the alignment structure is connected with the impact head, a mark point is arranged on the target, the center point of projection of the alignment structure on the target is a point A, and the point A coincides with the mark point.
Preferably, the center point of the projection of the impact head on the target is a point B, a line segment between the point A and the point B is an AB, a line segment between the mark point and the center point of the target is a CD, the lengths of the AB and the CD are equal, and the AB and the CD are overlapped.
Preferably, the alignment structure is a laser pen.
Preferably, the second moving table is an XY axis moving table, and the second moving table is provided with a clamp for clamping the target, and the target is set through the second moving table.
Preferably, the workbench base is provided with an opening, and the ultrasonic probe is arranged at the opening.
Preferably, the impact head is disposed toward an upper surface of the target, and the ultrasonic probe is disposed toward a lower surface of the target.
Preferably, the target comprises at least two layers of structures, and the contact surface of the adjacent layers is an interface.
The invention also provides a detection method adopting the device for detecting the external shock wave loading process and the attenuation law, which comprises the following steps:
step one, before impact, adjusting the height of a first movable workbench, installing an impact head and adjusting an alignment structure;
fixing the target on a second movable workbench, and manually adjusting the second movable workbench to enable a mark point on the target to coincide with a projection center point of the alignment structure on the target;
and thirdly, turning on a computer, running an impact control program and an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving control program of an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device, starting to impact, acquiring strain data in a target in the external impact process of the shock wave by an ultrasonic probe, uploading the strain data to the computer, drawing strain-time and stress-time curves by the computer program, and obtaining the loading process and attenuation rule of the shock wave according to different dynamic strain curves and variation trends of the target.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention can detect the one-dimensional ultrasonic echo signals of different depth interfaces of the shock wave in the process of impacting biological tissues, acquire the dynamic strain curve of the interfaces based on the echo signals, and analyze the loading process and attenuation rule of the shock wave in vitro in the tissues according to the dynamic strain curve. The invention can realize the detection of the propagation process of the shock wave in the biological tissue, has definite measurement principle, simple equipment structure and small influence factor of the measurement result.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for detecting the loading process and attenuation law of an external shock wave according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the impact head, impact location and ultrasonic probe alignment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a table base and an ultrasonic probe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the method for detecting the loading process and attenuation rule of the external shock wave according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an impact head according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second impact schematic of the impact head of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a third impact schematic of an impact head according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is t corresponding to FIG. 5 1 An echo signal schematic diagram received at moment;
FIG. 9 is t corresponding to FIG. 6 2 An echo signal schematic diagram received at moment;
FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 7t 3 An echo signal schematic diagram received at moment;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing deformation of the echo interface corresponding to FIGS. 8-10;
wherein: 100-device for detecting external shock wave loading process and attenuation rule, 1-computer, 2-shock wave regulating structure, 3-impact head, 4-first movable workbench, 5-target, 6-workbench base, 7-alignment structure, 8-ultrasonic probe, 9-ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device, 10-laser beam, 11-second movable workbench, 12-interface and 13-opening.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for detecting the loading process and the attenuation rule of an in-vitro shock wave, which utilize ultrasonic echo to detect the dynamic strain of interfaces with different depths of biological tissues when the shock wave acts, and analyze the loading process and the attenuation rule of the shock wave according to a dynamic strain curve.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3: the embodiment provides a device 100 for detecting an external shock wave loading process and an attenuation rule, which comprises a first movable workbench 4, a second movable workbench 11, a workbench base 6, an impact head 3, a target 5, an ultrasonic probe 8, a computer 1, an ultrasonic transmitting receiver 9 and a shock wave regulating structure 2, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting receiver 9 can adopt a V303-SU type ultrasonic transmitting receiver of Olympus corporation, the impact head 3 is arranged on the first movable workbench 4, the second movable workbench 11 and the ultrasonic probe 8 are both arranged on the workbench base 6, the target 5 is arranged on the second movable workbench 11, the center of the impact head 3 and the center of the ultrasonic probe 8 are both correspondingly arranged with the center of the target 5, the ultrasonic probe 8 and the computer 1 are respectively electrically connected with the ultrasonic transmitting receiver 9, and the impact head 3 is electrically connected with the shock wave regulating structure 2. The shock wave regulating structure 2 is internally provided with a shock control program, and the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device 9 is internally provided with an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving control program. The computer 1 can control the start and stop of the ultrasonic emission and the receiving work of the ultrasonic emission and receiving device 9, and the computer 1 also simultaneously controls the start and stop of the impact head 3, so that the synchronization of the impact process and the ultrasonic emission and receiving process is realized. The ultrasonic probe 8 uploads the acquired strain data of the inner interface 12 of the target 5 in the external shock wave impact process to the computer 1 through the ultrasonic transmitting receiver 9, and a strain-time curve and a stress-time curve are drawn through a computer 1 program.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the target 5 includes at least two layers, and the contact surface of the adjacent layers is the interface 12. In this embodiment, the layer structures are a first layer structure and a second layer structure, that is, the contact surfaces of the first layer structure and the second layer structure are interfaces 12; the first layer has a structure similar to skin tissue, sound velocity of 1540m/s and density of 1190kg/m 3 Young's modulus of 1.25MPa; the second layer has a structure similar to fat tissue, sound velocity of 1476m/s and density of 920kg/m 3 Young's modulus is 0.003MPa. In this embodiment, the double-layer dielectric body-imitated target 5 is used as a test object, and the structure of the target 5 is not limited to this.
In this embodiment, the first moving table 4 includes a slide rail and a slider, the slider is slidably connected with the slide rail, the relative position of the slider and the slide rail is fixed by a fastening structure, the impact head 3 is disposed on the slider, and the impact head 3 can move up and down along the first moving table 4.
The embodiment further comprises an alignment structure 7, the alignment structure 7 is a laser pen, the laser pen emits a laser beam 10, the alignment structure 7 is connected with the impact head 3 and arranged in parallel, a mark point is arranged on the target 5, the center point of projection of the alignment structure 7 on the target 5 is point A, namely, the point A is the center point of projection of an alignment positioning light spot on the target 5, and the point A coincides with the mark point.
In this embodiment, the center point of the projection of the impact head 3 on the target 5 is point B, the line segment between point a and point B is point AB, the line segment between the mark point and the center point of the target 5 is CD, the lengths of AB and CD are equal, and AB and CD coincide. The alignment structure 7 has the function of adjusting and overlapping the alignment positioning light spot and the mark point on the target 5 by adopting a laser pen before impact treatment, so as to ensure that the correct impact position of the target 5 corresponds to the impact head 3.
In this embodiment, the second moving table 11 is an XY-axis moving table, and the second moving table 11 is provided with a jig for holding the target 5, and the target 5 is set through the second moving table 11. The second moving table 11 is capable of controlling the movement of the target 5 in a two-dimensional plane perpendicular to the center line of the impact head 3.
In the embodiment, the workbench base 6 is provided with an opening 13, and the ultrasonic probe 8 is arranged at the opening 13; the impact head 3 is disposed toward the upper surface of the target 5, the ultrasonic probe 8 is disposed toward the lower surface of the target 5, and the lower surface of the target 5 is in contact with the table base 6.
Different from the existing hydrophone-based test technology, the embodiment can acquire the strain-time relation of the soft tissue (target 5) in the impact process by utilizing the ultrasonic technology, and convert the detection of the impact wave loading process and the attenuation rule into the detection of the dynamic strain of the soft tissue (target 5) under the impact wave action, so that the propagation characteristic more accurate than that in water can be obtained.
Unlike the pressure sensor-based test technique, the former test technique can only obtain the residual pressure value of the shock wave after passing through targets 5 with different thicknesses, but the embodiment can obtain the strain-time relationship inside soft tissues (targets 5), and obtain the loading process and attenuation rule related information of the shock wave by combining the elasticity of the targets 5, thereby obtaining more accurate propagation characteristics.
The measuring principle of the embodiment is clear, the equipment structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and other human intervention is not needed in the measuring process.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4: the present embodiment provides a method for detecting an external shock wave loading process and an attenuation rule by using the device 100 for detecting an external shock wave loading process and an attenuation rule according to the first embodiment, including the following steps: step one, before impact, installing an ultrasonic probe 8, adjusting the height of a first movable workbench 4, installing an impact head 3, and adjusting an alignment structure 7 so that the lengths of AB and CD are equal and AB and CD are parallel;
step two, fixing the target 5 on a fixture, and manually adjusting the second movable workbench 11 to enable a mark point on the target 5 to coincide with a center point of projection of the alignment positioning light spot on the target 5;
and thirdly, opening the computer 1, running a shock control program and an ultrasonic emission and reception control program of the ultrasonic emission and reception device 9, starting to shock, acquiring strain data in the target 5 in the external shock wave shock process by the ultrasonic probe 8, uploading the strain data to the computer 1, drawing strain-time and stress-time curves (according to an elastic modulus formula) by the program of the computer 1, and obtaining the loading process and attenuation rule of shock waves according to different dynamic strain curves and variation trends of the target 5.
Fig. 8 to 10 are schematic diagrams of ultrasonic echo signals obtained during the impact process of fig. 5 to 7, wherein the vertical axis of the diagram is time t, the horizontal axis is ultrasonic echo signal E, and waveforms in fig. 8 to 10 represent t respectively 1 、t 2 、t 3 Echo signal, Δt received at the moment 1 =t 2 -t 1 ，Δt 2 =t 3 -t 2 . In fig. 11, epsilon=Δt×v, v is the sound velocity, and is the deformation of the echo interface corresponding thereto. And obtaining the loading process and attenuation rule of the shock wave through the strain-time and stress-time curves.
The ultrasonic echo signals of the interface 12 in the impact process are obtained through the ultrasonic probe 8, a strain-time curve is drawn from the time displacement change of the ultrasonic echo, meanwhile, a stress-time curve is drawn according to the elastic modulus of the target 5, the loading process and the attenuation rule of the in-vitro shock wave are obtained through analysis from the strain-time or stress-time curve, and a basis is provided for parameter optimization, quantification and accurate control in the shock wave treatment process.
In the embodiment, the relation between the intensity change of the in-vitro shock wave propagating in the tissue and the dynamic strain curve of the interface 12 of the soft tissue target 5 with different depths caused by the propagation speed is utilized to convert the detection of the shock wave loading process and the attenuation rule into the detection of the dynamic strain of the material under the action of the shock wave, and the ultrasonic echo technology is utilized to acquire the interface 12 strain curve of the material under the action of the shock wave, so that the shock wave loading process and the attenuation rule are further analyzed.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in this specification with reference to specific examples, the description of which is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the method of the present invention and its core ideas; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device for detecting the loading process and the attenuation rule of the external shock wave is characterized in that: the ultrasonic wave control system comprises a first movable workbench, a second movable workbench, a workbench base, an impact head, a target, an ultrasonic probe, a computer, an ultrasonic transmitting receiver and a shock wave control structure, wherein the impact head is arranged on the first movable workbench, the second movable workbench and the ultrasonic probe are arranged on the workbench base, the target is arranged on the second movable workbench, the center of the impact head, the center of the ultrasonic probe and the center of the target are correspondingly arranged, the ultrasonic probe and the computer are respectively electrically connected with the ultrasonic transmitting receiver, and the impact head is electrically connected with the shock wave control structure.
2. The device for detecting the loading process and the attenuation law of external shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the first movable workbench comprises a sliding rail and a sliding block, the sliding block is in sliding connection with the sliding rail, the relative position of the sliding block and the sliding rail is fixed through a fastening structure, the impact head is arranged on the sliding block, and the impact head can move up and down along the first movable workbench.
3. The device for detecting the loading process and the attenuation law of external shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the device comprises a target, and is characterized by further comprising an alignment structure, wherein the alignment structure is connected with the impact head, a mark point is arranged on the target, the center point of projection of the alignment structure on the target is a point A, and the point A coincides with the mark point.
4. The apparatus for detecting in vitro shock wave loading process and attenuation law according to claim 3, wherein: the center point of the projection of the impact head on the target is a point B, a line segment between the point A and the point B is an AB, a line segment between the marking point and the center point of the target is a CD, the lengths of the AB and the CD are equal, and the AB and the CD are overlapped.
5. The apparatus for detecting in vitro shock wave loading process and attenuation law according to claim 3, wherein: the alignment structure is a laser pen.
6. The device for detecting the loading process and the attenuation law of external shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the second movable workbench is an XY-axis movable workbench, the second movable workbench is provided with a clamp, the clamp is used for clamping the target, and the target passes through the second movable workbench to be arranged.
7. The device for detecting the loading process and the attenuation law of external shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the workbench base is provided with an opening, and the ultrasonic probe is arranged at the opening.
8. The device for detecting the loading process and the attenuation law of external shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the impact head is arranged towards the upper surface of the target, and the ultrasonic probe is arranged towards the lower surface of the target.
9. The device for detecting the loading process and the attenuation law of external shock waves according to claim 1, wherein: the target comprises at least two layers of structures, and the contact surfaces of the adjacent layers of structures are interfaces.
10. A method of detecting an in vitro shock wave loading process and attenuation law using the device of any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, before impact, adjusting the height of a first movable workbench, installing an impact head and adjusting an alignment structure;
fixing the target on a second movable workbench, and manually adjusting the second movable workbench to enable a mark point on the target to coincide with a projection center point of the alignment structure on the target;
and thirdly, turning on a computer, running an impact control program and an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving control program of an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device, starting to impact, acquiring strain data in a target in the external impact process of the shock wave by an ultrasonic probe, uploading the strain data to the computer, drawing strain-time and stress-time curves by the computer program, and obtaining the loading process and attenuation rule of the shock wave according to different dynamic strain curves and variation trends of the target.
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