CN116539731B - Primary and secondary co-located transceiver transducer, imaging system and imaging method - Google Patents
Primary and secondary co-located transceiver transducer, imaging system and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
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- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/04—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with electromagnetism
- B06B1/045—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with electromagnetism using vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, an imaging system and an imaging method, and relates to the field of nondestructive detection, wherein the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer comprises a bias magnetic field generator, a multi-array element primary-secondary receiving coil and a single-array element primary excitation coil which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the imaging system comprises an electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector and a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, wherein the electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector is a single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector, a one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector or a multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector. The invention can realize the receiving of multichannel signals through the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer and the imaging system, and improves the detection efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, an imaging system and an imaging method.
Background
In the field of ferromagnetic material detection, conventional nondestructive detection methods include magnetic powder, eddy current, ultrasound, and the like. Among them, ultrasonic detection is a relatively popular nondestructive detection method because of its advantages of high accuracy, high sensitivity, non-invasiveness, and the like.
Traditional ultrasonic detection methods mainly rely on the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in materials to determine the quality condition of the materials. The method can detect defects on the surface of the material, can detect deep defects, and can detect different types of defects by adopting different probes. However, the conventional ultrasonic detection method has some problems such as:
the use of water or a coupling agent to conduct ultrasonic waves is required during the detection process and may contaminate or corrode the material.
The detection result is affected by factors such as the surface state, chemical components, temperature and the like of the material, and a misjudgment phenomenon may occur.
The frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic wave have a large influence on the detection result, and a sufficient experience is required in actual detection.
The ultrasonic nondestructive detection technology is a metal plate defect detection technology commonly used in industry, but the traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic technology depends on a coupling agent, and the application of the ultrasonic technology is limited by high temperature and the smoothness of the surface of a detection body, and meanwhile, the online detection cannot be realized; the novel electromagnetic ultrasonic technology is a non-contact detection mode, does not need a couplant, and breaks through the application limit of piezoelectric ultrasonic. However, the existing electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer has only a transmitting coil and a receiving coil of one channel, has weak sound beam control capability, can only realize A scanning detection during fixed-point detection, and has low efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, an imaging system and an imaging method, which are used for realizing the reception of multichannel signals and improving the detection efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a primary and secondary co-located transceiver transducer comprising: the bias magnetic field generator, the multi-array element sub-receiving coil and the single-array element master excitation coil are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the multi-array element receiving coil comprises a plurality of receiving array elements which are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between the receiving array elements is adjustable; the working area of the single-array element master excitation coil is overlapped with the working area of the multi-array element sub-receiving coil; the magnetic field generated by the bias magnetic field generator covers the transduction areas of the multi-array element son receiving coils and the single-array element mother excitation coils.
Optionally, the single-array element master excitation coil is a butterfly coil, a racetrack coil or a ring coil; the shape of the multi-array element sub-receiving coil is the same as or different from the shape of the single-array element main excitation coil.
Optionally, the receiving array element is a flat cable array element formed by parallel wires, or a runway coil array element, or a ring coil array element.
Optionally, when the shape of the single-array element master excitation coil is a butterfly coil, the wires in the working area of the single-array element master excitation coil are straight wires, and the wires in the non-working area are in any shape.
Optionally, the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is further provided with a housing.
The invention also provides an imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, which comprises: the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, the single-channel switcher and the single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector are arranged on the main body; the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is arranged above the tested piece, and a single-array element primary excitation coil of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is connected with an excitation channel of the single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector; and the multi-array element sub-receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer are connected with the receiving channels of the single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector through the single-channel switcher.
Optionally, the single-channel switcher and the single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector comprise:
a signal source for generating an excitation signal of a predetermined waveform; the power of the excitation signal is larger than or equal to a power threshold, and the excitation signal is used for exciting a single-array element master excitation coil in the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves;
the receiving signal amplifier is communicated with the multi-array element sub-receiving coil of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer through the single-channel switcher and is used for receiving echoes received by the multi-array element sub-receiving coil of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer and carrying out filtering and amplifying treatment on the echoes;
the signal collector is connected with the receiving signal amplifier and is used for collecting the echo processed by the receiving signal amplifier.
Optionally, the imaging system further comprises:
the upper computer is respectively connected with the signal source and the signal collector and is used for controlling the signal source to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the processed echo.
The invention also provides an imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, which comprises: the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector; the single-array element master excitation coil of the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer is connected with an excitation channel of the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector; and the multi-array element sub-receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer are connected with a plurality of receiving channels of the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector.
Optionally, the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector comprises:
a signal source for generating an excitation signal of a predetermined waveform; the power of the excitation signal is larger than or equal to a power threshold, and the excitation signal is used for exciting a single-array element master excitation coil in the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves;
the multichannel signal conditioner is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and is used for receiving echoes received by the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and carrying out filtering and amplifying treatment on the echoes;
the multichannel signal collector is connected with the multichannel signal conditioner and used for collecting echoes processed by the multichannel signal conditioner.
Optionally, the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector further comprises: the multichannel signal conditioner is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer through the multichannel switcher.
Optionally, the imaging system further comprises:
the upper computer is respectively connected with the signal source and the multichannel signal collector and is used for controlling the signal source to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the processed echo.
The invention also provides an imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, which comprises: the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector are arranged on the main body; the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is arranged above the tested piece, and a single-array element primary excitation coil of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is connected with a plurality of excitation channels of the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector; and the multi-array element sub-receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer are connected with a plurality of receiving channels of the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector.
Optionally, the multichannel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector comprises:
a signal source for generating an excitation signal of a predetermined waveform; the power of the excitation signal is larger than or equal to a power threshold value;
and the channel gating device is used for switching on the signal source and the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer so that the excitation signal excites a single-array element primary excitation coil in the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves.
Optionally, the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector further comprises:
the multichannel signal conditioner is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and is used for receiving echoes received by the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and carrying out filtering and amplifying treatment on the echoes;
the multichannel signal collector is connected with the multichannel signal conditioner and used for collecting echoes processed by the multichannel signal conditioner.
Optionally, the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector further comprises: the multichannel signal conditioner is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer through the multichannel switcher.
Optionally, the imaging system further comprises:
the upper computer is respectively connected with the signal source and the multichannel signal collector and is used for controlling the signal source to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the processed echo.
The invention also provides an imaging method based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, which is applied to the imaging system and comprises the following steps:
generating an excitation signal with a preset waveform by an electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector; the excitation signal is used for exciting the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves; the electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector is a single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector, a one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector or a multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector;
transmitting ultrasonic waves to the tested piece through the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer;
receiving the echo of the detected object through the electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector;
and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the echo.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the multi-array element sub-receiving coil and the single-array element main excitation coil in the main-auxiliary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer are separated, a single wave plane is excited to be a horizontal body wave transverse wave by using a coil structure, compared with full-focusing imaging, the time and space complexity of signal acquisition and signal processing are greatly reduced, and the multi-array element sub-receiving coil is multi-channel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-array element parent excitation coil as a butterfly coil;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-element parent excitation coil as a racetrack coil;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single matrix parent excitation coil as a toroidal coil;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a trace of a receiving array element in a multi-array element sub-receiving coil;
FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of a receive array element in a multi-element sub-receive coil;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an imaging system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an imaging system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an imaging system according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an imaging system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an imaging system;
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a data mapping of a reconstructed grid according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a zero-degree plane wave acoustic propagation path according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an imaging area calculated by using a search algorithm according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, an imaging system and an imaging method, which can realize the reception of multichannel signals and improve the detection efficiency by arranging a multi-array element receiving coil.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1 includes: the bias magnetic field generator 11, the multi-array element sub-receiving coil 12 and the single-array element master excitation line 13 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave transducer 1 is also provided with a shell which is made of nonferromagnetic materials.
The bias magnetic field generator 11 may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The magnetic field generated by the bias magnetic field generator 1 covers the transduction area of the multi-array element sub-receiving coil 12 and the single-array element main excitation coil 13.
The working area of the single-element master excitation coil 13 is overlapped with the working area of the multi-element sub-receiving coil 12, and the working area of the single-element master excitation coil 12 is larger than the working area of the multi-element sub-receiving coil 13. As shown in fig. 1, the coils in the non-working area of the multi-element sub-receiving coil 12 and the single-element main excitation coil 13 can be folded upwards to avoid the influence of the non-working area on the imaging effect, and a copper foil is attached to the coils to further shield the signals in the non-working area.
The main working parts of the single-array element master excitation coil 13 are wound so that the current flow directions are the same. The number of the conducting wires in the working area is n, n is more than 1, the conducting wires in the working area are straight conducting wires, the conducting wires in the non-working area can be of any shape, the part can be made into multiple layers, and each layer of coils are on the same plane.
As shown in fig. 2, the single-element parent excitation coil 13 is a double-layer coil. In fig. 2, two circles represent via holes, and the coils are connected through the via holes, so that a circuit can be connected, and a double-layer coil can be made, and the coil is designed to enable the current direction of wires in a working area to be consistent, so that plane waves can be excited by combining an electromagnetic ultrasonic principle.
The single-element parent excitation coil 13 may be a butterfly coil as shown in fig. 2, or a racetrack coil as shown in fig. 3, or a loop coil as shown in fig. 4.
When the single-array element master excitation coil 13 is a butterfly coil or a ring coil, a bias magnetic field generator 11 is adopted. When the single-array element master excitation coil 13 is a racetrack coil, two bias magnetic field generators 11 are adopted, and the magnetic poles of the two bias magnetic field generators 11 are opposite in direction.
As shown in fig. 5-6, the multi-element sub-receiving coil 12 includes a plurality of equally spaced receiving elements 121, and the spacing between the receiving elements 121 is adjustable. The shape of the receiving array element 121 may be various, and the receiving array element 121 is a flat cable array element formed by parallel wires, a runway coil array element, or a ring coil array element.
The wire spacing is reasonably arranged according to the number of turns and the spacing of the receiving array elements 121 not greater than lambda/2 (lambda is the ultrasonic wavelength).
According to the invention, the single-array element master excitation coil is separated from the multi-array element sub-receiving coil, a single wave plane is excited to be a horizontal body wave transverse wave by using the coil structure, and compared with full-focusing imaging, the time and space complexity of signal acquisition and signal processing are greatly reduced, the receiving of multi-channel signals is realized, and the electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave imaging is completed.
Example two
As shown in fig. 7, an imaging system based on a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer provided in this embodiment includes: the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1, the single-channel switcher 4 and the single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector 21; the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1 is arranged above the tested piece 3. The single-array element master excitation coil 13 of the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer 1 is connected with an excitation channel of a single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector 21; the multi-array element sub-receiving coil 12 of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1 is connected with a receiving channel of a single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector 21 through a single-channel switcher 4.
The single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector 21 comprises a signal source 211, a received signal amplifier 212 and a signal collector 213. The signal source 211 is used for generating excitation signals with preset waveforms to excite the single-array element master excitation coils 13 in the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer 1; the power of the excitation signal is greater than or equal to a power threshold. The reception signal amplifier 212 receives the echoes of the reception array elements 121 through the single-channel switch 4, and performs filtering amplification processing; the signal collector 213 collects the echo.
The imaging system further comprises: the upper computer 5 is connected with the signal source 211 and the signal collector 213 respectively, and is used for controlling the signal source 211 to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform and generating a detection result of the tested piece 3 according to the processed echo.
Example III
As shown in fig. 8, unlike the second embodiment, the imaging system provided in this embodiment employs a one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector 22. The single-array element master excitation coil 13 of the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer 1 is connected with an excitation channel of a one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector 22; the multi-array element sub-receiving coil 12 of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1 is connected with a plurality of receiving channels of a one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector 22.
Further, the one-channel excitation multi-channel reception electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave total focusing detector 22 includes: a signal source 221, a multi-channel signal conditioner 222 and a multi-channel signal collector 223.
The signal source 221 is used for generating an excitation signal of a predetermined waveform; the power of the excitation signal is larger than or equal to the power threshold value, and the excitation signal is used for exciting a single-array element master excitation coil 13 in the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer 1 to generate ultrasonic waves.
The multi-channel signal conditioner 222 is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils 12 of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1, and is used for receiving echoes received by the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, and filtering and amplifying the echoes; the number of channels of the multi-channel signal conditioner 222 is the same as the number of receive array elements 121.
The multi-channel signal collector 223 is connected to the multi-channel signal conditioner 222, and the multi-channel signal collector 223 is used for collecting the echo processed by the multi-channel signal conditioner 222.
When the number of channels of the channel signal conditioner 222 is different from the number of the receiving array elements 121, as shown in fig. 9, a multi-channel switch 224 is disposed in the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector 22. The multi-channel signal conditioner 222 is connected to the multi-element sub-receiving coil 12 of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1 through the multi-channel switch 224, and the multi-channel signal collector 223 can receive the echoes of all the receiving elements 121 by switching different receiving elements 121.
Further, the imaging system provided in this embodiment further includes an upper computer 5, where the upper computer 5 is connected to the signal source 221 and the multi-channel signal collector 223, respectively, and is configured to control the signal source 221 to generate an excitation signal with a predetermined waveform, and generate a detection result of the tested piece 3 according to the processed echo.
Example IV
As shown in fig. 10, unlike the second and third embodiments, the present embodiment provides a multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector 23 used for the imaging system. The single-array element master excitation coil of the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer 1 is connected with a plurality of excitation channels of the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector 23; the multi-array element sub-receiving coil 12 of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1 is connected with a plurality of receiving channels of the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector 23.
Further, the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave total focusing detector 23 includes: a plurality of signal sources 231, a channel gate 232, a multi-channel signal conditioner 233, and a multi-channel collector 234.
The signal source 231 is used for generating an excitation signal with a predetermined waveform; the power of the excitation signal is larger than or equal to the power threshold value, and the excitation signal is used for exciting a single-array element master excitation coil 13 in the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer 1 to generate ultrasonic waves.
And the channel gating device 232 is used for switching on the signal source 231 and the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1, selecting one of the plurality of signal sources 231 to generate an excitation signal, and exciting the single-array element primary excitation coil 13 in the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1 to generate ultrasonic waves.
The multi-channel signal conditioner 233 is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils 12 of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1, and is used for receiving echoes received by the multi-array element receiving coils 12 of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1, and filtering and amplifying the echoes; the number of channels of the multi-channel signal conditioner 233 is the same as the number of the receiving array elements 121.
The multi-channel signal collector 234 is connected to the multi-channel signal conditioner 233, and the multi-channel signal collector 234 is configured to collect the echo processed by the multi-channel signal conditioner 233.
When the number of channels of the channel signal conditioner 233 is different from the number of the receiving array elements 121, as shown in fig. 11, a multi-channel switch 235 is provided in the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector 23. The multi-channel signal conditioner 233 is connected to the multi-element sub-receiving coil 12 of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1 through the multi-channel switch 235, and can make the multi-channel signal collector 233 receive echoes from all the receiving elements 121 by switching different receiving elements 121.
The imaging system further comprises: the upper computer 5 is connected with the signal source 231 and the multi-channel signal collector 234, and is used for controlling the signal source 231 to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform and generating a detection result of the tested piece 3 according to the processed echo.
The signal sources in the second, third and fourth embodiments are the same, and the multi-channel switcher, the multi-channel signal conditioner and the multi-channel signal collector in the third and fourth embodiments are the same.
Example five
The embodiment provides an imaging method based on a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1: generating an excitation signal with a preset waveform by using an electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform; the excitation signal is used for exciting the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves. The electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector is a single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector 21, a one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector 22 or a multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector 23.
The electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focusing detector generates a periodic pulse signal S with frequency f, and the signal S is subjected to windowing modulation to excite ultrasonic waves (transverse waves, longitudinal waves and surface waves) in the tested piece 3 for detection.
S2: ultrasonic waves are emitted to the tested piece through the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer 1.
S3: and receiving the echo of the detected object by an electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector.
S4: and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the echo.
Specifically, the upper computer preprocesses data collected by a plurality of channels. Preprocessing, i.e., noise reduction, includes all noise reduction schemes, such as: gaussian filtering, wavelet noise reduction, VMD noise reduction, EMD noise reduction, etc. And calculating the time of the defect according to the different positions of the plurality of receiving array elements, and carrying out retrieval imaging (PWI imaging algorithm). Optimization may be based on the final imaging effect including, but not limited to, phase coherence algorithms, sign coherence algorithms.
The process of retrieving the imaging method is as follows:
as shown in fig. 12, the origin of coordinates is located above the midpoint of the reconstruction grid, along the direction of placement of the receiving array elements is the X-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the depth of the receiving array elements is the Y-axis. In order to avoid the influence of the initial wave blind area on the reconstruction visualization effect, the position of the image reconstruction area below a certain depth from the scanning plane is set, and the size of the reconstruction area is L multiplied by D (scanning length multiplied by depth). The grid cell resolution isThe indexes corresponding to each grid unit are (a, b), a is the grid unit abscissa index, b is the grid unit ordinate index, a=1, …, M, b=1, … and N, wherein M is the number of the abscissa indexes, N is the number of the ordinate indexes, and the reconstructed grid size m×n is obtained according to the grid resolution and the reconstructed area size:
m (a, b) represents the distance in the actual x-axis when the index of the grid cell is (a, b), and n (a, b) represents the distance in the actual y-axis when the index of the grid cell is (a, b). The corresponding physical location for any grid cell of the image reconstruction region when the index is (a, b) can be expressed as:
wherein y is s Indicating detection of the near field region.
The single-element master excitation coil 13 is an integral unit, and the number of the receiving array elements 121 of the multi-element sub-receiving coil 12 is W. The coordinates of the i-th receiving element 121 are (x i ,y i ). Since the single-element master excitation coil 13 is an integral unit, only 0 ° plane waves can be excited.
As shown in fig. 13, for the imaging region P (x, y), the plane wave is propagated from the array to the imaging region P (x, y) by a distance d t The propagation distance of the back-scattered signal from the imaging region P (x, y) to the ith receiving element is set to d r . Thus, the propagation time corresponding to this process is:
the amplitude of each pixel is obtained by superposition of the emission angle and each receiving array element, which can be written as:. Wherein F is i Representing the time domain signal (commonly known as A-scan signal) received by the ith receive array element, A SPWI Is a two-dimensional array representing the values of the coordinates at the (x, y) points, with larger values representing a greater likelihood that the location is a defect.
The final imaging effect is optimized including, but not limited to, phase coherence algorithms, sign coherence algorithms.
In order to evaluate the accuracy and effect of the imaging method provided by the invention, an aluminum test block is provided, wherein 5 defects are obliquely arranged in the aluminum test block, the diameter of each defect is 2mm, the depth of the first defect is 20mm, the longitudinal interval of each defect is 8mm, and the transverse interval is 5mm. The imaging system adopts a single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector as an excitation and receiving instrument, a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer adopts a butterfly-shaped primary excitation coil and a butterfly-shaped 8-channel multi-array element receiving coil, signal data of an aluminum test block are collected, then an imaging area is set to be 30 multiplied by 50mm, the resolution of a grid is set to be 0.05,0.05, a detection near field area is set to be 10mm, an imaging area obtained by the above-mentioned retrieval imaging method is shown in fig. 14, and finally imaging positioning coordinates are (-10.8, 20), (-6.5, 28.4), (1.9, 36.3), (6.1, 44.4) and (9.4, 52.3) through imaging positioning coordinates.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (17)
1. A primary and secondary co-located transceiver transducer comprising: the bias magnetic field generator, the multi-array element sub-receiving coil and the single-array element master excitation coil are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the multi-array element receiving coil comprises a plurality of receiving array elements which are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between the receiving array elements is adjustable; the working area of the single-array element master excitation coil is overlapped with the working area of the multi-array element sub-receiving coil; the magnetic field generated by the bias magnetic field generator covers the transduction areas of the multi-array element son receiving coils and the single-array element mother excitation coils;
the receiving array elements are flat cable array elements formed by parallel wires, runway coil array elements or annular coil array elements; the wire spacing is arranged according to the number of turns and the receiving array element spacing not larger than lambda/2, lambda being the ultrasonic wave wavelength;
the working area of the single-array element master excitation coil is larger than that of the multi-array element sub-receiving coil; the main working part of the single-array element master excitation coil is wound to form the current flowing direction in the same direction.
2. The primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer of claim 1, wherein the single-array element primary excitation coil is a butterfly coil, a racetrack coil, or a ring coil.
3. The primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer of claim 2, wherein when the shape of the single-element primary excitation coil is a butterfly coil, the wires of the working area of the single-element primary excitation coil are straight wires, and the wires of the non-working area are of any shape.
4. The primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer of claim 1, further provided with a housing.
5. An imaging system based on a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, comprising: the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, single-channel switch and single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector of any one of claims 1-4; the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is arranged above the tested piece, and a single-array element primary excitation coil of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is connected with an excitation channel of the single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector; and the multi-array element sub-receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer are connected with the receiving channels of the single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector through the single-channel switcher.
6. The imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer according to claim 5, wherein the single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector comprises:
a signal source for generating an excitation signal of a predetermined waveform; the power of the excitation signal is larger than or equal to a power threshold, and the excitation signal is used for exciting a single-array element master excitation coil in the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves;
the receiving signal amplifier is communicated with the multi-array element sub-receiving coil of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer through the single-channel switcher and is used for receiving echoes received by the multi-array element sub-receiving coil of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer and carrying out filtering and amplifying treatment on the echoes;
the signal collector is connected with the receiving signal amplifier and is used for collecting the echo processed by the receiving signal amplifier.
7. The imaging system of claim 6, wherein the imaging system further comprises:
the upper computer is respectively connected with the signal source and the signal collector and is used for controlling the signal source to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the processed echo.
8. An imaging system based on a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, comprising: the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer of any one of claims 1-4 and a one-channel excitation multi-channel reception electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector; the single-array element master excitation coil of the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer is connected with an excitation channel of the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector; and the multi-array element sub-receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer are connected with a plurality of receiving channels of the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector.
9. The imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer according to claim 8, wherein the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector comprises:
a signal source for generating an excitation signal of a predetermined waveform; the power of the excitation signal is larger than or equal to a power threshold, and the excitation signal is used for exciting a single-array element master excitation coil in the master-slave co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves;
the multichannel signal conditioner is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and is used for receiving echoes received by the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and carrying out filtering and amplifying treatment on the echoes;
the multichannel signal collector is connected with the multichannel signal conditioner and used for collecting echoes processed by the multichannel signal conditioner.
10. The imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer according to claim 9, wherein the one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector further comprises: the multichannel signal conditioner is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer through the multichannel switcher.
11. The imaging system of claim 9, wherein the imaging system further comprises:
the upper computer is respectively connected with the signal source and the multichannel signal collector and is used for controlling the signal source to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the processed echo.
12. An imaging system based on a primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer, comprising: the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector of any one of claims 1-4; the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is arranged above the tested piece, and a single-array element primary excitation coil of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer is connected with a plurality of excitation channels of the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector; and the multi-array element sub-receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer are connected with a plurality of receiving channels of the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector.
13. The imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer according to claim 12, wherein the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector comprises:
a signal source for generating an excitation signal of a predetermined waveform; the power of the excitation signal is larger than or equal to a power threshold value;
and the channel gating device is used for switching on the signal source and the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer so that the excitation signal excites a single-array element primary excitation coil in the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves.
14. The imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer according to claim 13, wherein the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector further comprises:
the multichannel signal conditioner is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and is used for receiving echoes received by the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer and carrying out filtering and amplifying treatment on the echoes;
the multichannel signal collector is connected with the multichannel signal conditioner and used for collecting echoes processed by the multichannel signal conditioner.
15. The imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer according to claim 14, wherein the multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full focus detector further comprises: the multichannel signal conditioner is communicated with the multi-array element receiving coils of the primary-secondary co-located receiving-transmitting transducer through the multichannel switcher.
16. The primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer-based imaging system of claim 14, further comprising:
the upper computer is respectively connected with the signal source and the multichannel signal collector and is used for controlling the signal source to generate an excitation signal with a preset waveform and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the processed echo.
17. An imaging method of an imaging system based on the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer of claim 5, 8 or 12, the method comprising:
generating an excitation signal with a preset waveform by an electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector; the excitation signal is used for exciting the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer to generate ultrasonic waves; the electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector is a single-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector as set forth in claim 5, a one-channel excitation multi-channel receiving electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector as set forth in claim 8, or a multi-channel electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focus detector as set forth in claim 12;
transmitting ultrasonic waves to the tested piece through the primary-secondary co-located transceiver transducer;
receiving the echo of the tested piece through the electromagnetic ultrasonic plane wave full-focusing detector;
and generating a detection result of the tested piece according to the echo.
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